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1,462 results on '"Hammer, B."'

5. Supervised learning of short and high-dimensional temporal sequences for life science measurements

Author

Schleif, F. -M., Gisbrecht, A., and Hammer, B.

Subjects
Computer Science - Learning
Abstract

The analysis of physiological processes over time are often given by spectrometric or gene expression profiles over time with only few time points but a large number of measured variables. The analysis of such temporal sequences is challenging and only few methods have been proposed. The information can be encoded time independent, by means of classical expression differences for a single time point or in expression profiles over time. Available methods are limited to unsupervised and semi-supervised settings. The predictive variables can be identified only by means of wrapper or post-processing techniques. This is complicated due to the small number of samples for such studies. Here, we present a supervised learning approach, termed Supervised Topographic Mapping Through Time (SGTM-TT). It learns a supervised mapping of the temporal sequences onto a low dimensional grid. We utilize a hidden markov model (HMM) to account for the time domain and relevance learning to identify the relevant feature dimensions most predictive over time. The learned mapping can be used to visualize the temporal sequences and to predict the class of a new sequence. The relevance learning permits the identification of discriminating masses or gen expressions and prunes dimensions which are unnecessary for the classification task or encode mainly noise. In this way we obtain a very efficient learning system for temporal sequences. The results indicate that using simultaneous supervised learning and metric adaptation significantly improves the prediction accuracy for synthetically and real life data in comparison to the standard techniques. The discriminating features, identified by relevance learning, compare favorably with the results of alternative methods. Our method permits the visualization of the data on a low dimensional grid, highlighting the observed temporal structure.

Published
2011

9. MEGAPIE: The World’s First High-Power Liquid Metal Spallation Neutron Source

Author

Latge, Ch., Wohlmuther, M., Dai, Y., Gavillet, D., Gessi, A., Guertin, A., Hammer, B., Heinitz, S., Henry, J., Konstantinovic, M., Lindau, R., Fazio, C., Maloy, S., Neuhausen, J., Saito, S., Park, K., Schumann, D., Thomsen, K., Türler, A., Wagner, W., Revol, Jean-Pierre, editor, Bourquin, Maurice, editor, Kadi, Yacine, editor, Lillestol, Egil, editor, de Mestral, Jean-Christophe, editor, and Samec, Karel, editor

Published
2016
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10. A direct pathway for sticking/desorption of H$_2$ on Si(100)

Author

Kratzer, P., Hammer, B., and Norskov, J. K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The energetics of H$_2$ interacting with the Si(100) surface is studied by means of {\em ab initio} total energy calculations within the framework of density functional theory. We find a direct desorption pathway from the mono-hydride phase which is compatible with experimental activation energies and demonstrate the importance of substrate relaxation for this process. Both the transition state configuration and barrier height depend crucially on the degree of buckling of the Si dimers on the Si(100) surface. The adsorption barrier height on the clean surface is governed by the buckling via its influence on the surface electronic structure. We discuss the consequences of this coupling for adsorption experiments and the relation between adsorption and desorption., Comment: 18 pages + 8 figures

Published
1995
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11. High-dimensional quantum dynamics of adsorption and desorption of H$_2$ at Cu(111)

Author

Gross, A., Hammer, B., Scheffler, M., and Brenig, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We performed high-dimensional quantum dynamical calculations of the dissociative adsorption and associative desorption of hydrogen on Cu(111). The potential energy surface (PES) is obtained from density functional theory calculations. Two regimes of dynamics are found, at low energies sticking is determined by the minimum energy barrier, at high energies by the distribution of barrier heights. Experimental results are well-reproduced qualitatively, but some quantitative discrepancies are identified as well., Comment: 4 two column pages, revtex, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
1994
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14. University Venture Capital

Author

Entrepreneurship, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, International Business, Cumming, Douglas J., Hammer, B., Amore, Mario Daniele, Murtinu, Samuele, Pelucco, Valerio, Entrepreneurship, UU LEG Research UUSE Multidisciplinary Economics, International Business, Cumming, Douglas J., Hammer, B., Amore, Mario Daniele, Murtinu, Samuele, and Pelucco, Valerio

Published
2023

15. LBO Valuation Using Flows-to-Equity

Author

Cumming, Douglas, Hammer, Benjamin, Cumming, D ( Douglas ), Hammer, B ( Benjamin ), Cooper, Ian A, Nyborg, Kjell G; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7502-4571, Cumming, Douglas, Hammer, Benjamin, Cumming, D ( Douglas ), Hammer, B ( Benjamin ), Cooper, Ian A, and Nyborg, Kjell G; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7502-4571

Abstract

The flows-to-equity method is commonly used in leveraged buyouts and other highly leveraged transactions. These flows are hybrid flows, mixing expected operating cash flows with promised debt payments under a planned debt schedule. Because of this, it is difficult to accurately estimate the appropriate discount rate, a difficulty that is compounded by the typically changing leverage over time under the planned debt schedule. We show how the flows-to-equity approach works and discuss its benefits and drawbacks as compared with other, “more standard” methods.

Published
2023

16. LONG-TERM TRANSITIONING OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS: ERC WATER-FUTURES PROJECT

Author

Savić, D.A., Hammer, B., Koundouri, P., and Polycarpou, M.

Abstract

The percentage of the world population living in urban settlements is expected to increase to 70% of 9.7 billion by 2050. Historically, as cities grew, the development of new water infrastructures followed as needed. However, these developments had less to do with real planning than with reacting to crisis situations and urgent needs, due to the inability of urban water planners to consider long-term, deeply uncertain and ambiguous factors affecting urban development and water demand. The “Smart Water Futures: Designing the Next Generation of Urban Drinking Water Systems” or “Water-Futures” project, which was funded by the European Research Council (ERC), aims to develop a new theoretical framework for the allocation and development decisions on drinking water infrastructure systems so that they are: (i) socially equitable, (ii) economically efficient, and (iii) environmentally resilient, as advocated by the UN Agenda 2030, Sustainable Development Goals. The ERC Synergy grant project tackles the “wicked problem” of transitioning water distribution systems in a holistic manner, involving civil engineering, control engineering, machine learning, decision theory and environmental economics expertise. Developing a theoretical foundation for designing smart water systems that can deliver optimally robust and resilient decisions for short/long- term planning is one of the biggest challenges that future cities will be facing. This paper presents an overview of related past research on this topic, the knowledge gaps in terms of investigating the problem in a holistic manner, and the key early outcomes of the project.

Published
2023

20. Fuzzy Variant of Affinity Propagation in Comparison to Median Fuzzy c-Means

Author

Geweniger, T., Zühlke, D., Hammer, B., Villmann, Thomas, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Príncipe, José C., editor, and Miikkulainen, Risto, editor

Published
2009
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22. Fuzzy Labeled Self-Organizing Map for Classification of Spectra

Author

Villmann, T., Schleif, F. -M., Merenyi, E., Hammer, B., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Sandoval, Francisco, editor, Prieto, Alberto, editor, Cabestany, Joan, editor, and Graña, Manuel, editor

Published
2007
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23. Prototype Based Classification Using Information Theoretic Learning

Author

Villmann, Th., Hammer, B., Schleif, F. -M., Geweniger, T., Fischer, T., Cottrell, M., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, King, Irwin, editor, Wang, Jun, editor, Chan, Lai-Wan, editor, and Wang, DeLiang, editor

Published
2006
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24. Learning Vector Quantization Classification with Local Relevance Determination for Medical Data

Author

Hammer, B., Villmann, T., Schleif, F. -M., Albani, C., Hermann, W., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Rutkowski, Leszek, editor, Tadeusiewicz, Ryszard, editor, Zadeh, Lotfi A., editor, and Żurada, Jacek M., editor

Published
2006
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25. Local Metric Adaptation for Soft Nearest Prototype Classification to Classify Proteomic Data

Author

Schleif, F. -M., Villmann, T., Hammer, B., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Bloch, Isabelle, editor, Petrosino, Alfredo, editor, and Tettamanzi, Andrea G. B., editor

Published
2006
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27. Automated machine learning for satellite data

Author

Salinas, N.R.P., Baratchi, M., Rijn, J.N. van, Vollrath, A., Dong, Y., Kourtellis, N., Hammer, B., Lozano, J.A., Dong, Y., Kourtellis, N., Hammer, B., and Lozano, J.A.

Published
2021

28. Herz, Gefäße, Lunge

Author

Laufs, U., Herrmann, W., Strehlow, K., Nickenig, G., Kindermann, M., Böhm, M., Scheller, B., Nickl, W., Müller, P., Seeland, U., Jung, J., Fries, R., Waßmann, S., Scheffler, P., Wilkens, H., Wendler, O., Schäfers, H.-J., Baumhäkel, M., Cremers, B., Link, A., Hammer, B., Böhm, M., Weidner, W., and Jockenhövel, F.

Published
2004
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32. European Demographic Datasheet 2022

Author

Sobotka, T., Zeman, K., Brzozowska, Z., Di Lego, V., Potančoková, M., Gailey, N., Binder-Hammer, B., Spitzer, S., Fürnkranz-Prskawetz, A., Kuhn, M., Prettner, K., Siskova, M., Sobotka, T., Zeman, K., Brzozowska, Z., Di Lego, V., Potančoková, M., Gailey, N., Binder-Hammer, B., Spitzer, S., Fürnkranz-Prskawetz, A., Kuhn, M., Prettner, K., and Siskova, M.

Published
2022

33. Measuring private transfers between generations and gender: an application of national transfer accounts for Austria 2015

Author

Hammer, B., Fürnkranz-Prskawetz, A., Hammer, B., and Fürnkranz-Prskawetz, A.

Abstract

Few data sources provide information on private transfers between generations and gender. We use a novel approach based on the National Transfer Accounts methodology to estimate the value of intra-family transfers between generations by age, gender and parental status in Austria 2015. The paper considers monetary transfers together with transfers of consumption goods and transfers of services produced by non-market work. Our results show that parents use one third of their disposable income and up to four hours of daily non-market work for their children. The total size of the intra-family transfers corresponds to 38 per cent of primary income.

Published
2022

34. The Subjective Cost of Young Children: A European Comparison

Author

Spitzer, S., Greulich, Angela, Hammer, B., Spitzer, S., Greulich, Angela, and Hammer, B.

Abstract

Understanding child-related costs is crucial given their impact on fertility and labour supply decisions. We explore the subjective cost of young children in Europe by analysing the effect of child births on parents’ self-reported ability to make ends meet, and link it to changes in objective economic well-being such as income, benefits, and employment. The study is based on EU-SILC longitudinal data for 30 European countries from 2004 to 2019, enabling comparisons between country groups of different welfare regimes. Results show that newborns decrease subjective economic well-being in all regions, yet with economies of scale for the number of children. Mediation analyses reveal that the substantial labour income losses of mothers (indirect costs) explain only a small part of subjective child costs. In the first year after birth, these losses are mostly compensated for via public transfers or increased labour income of fathers, except in regions where women take extensive parental leave. This suggests that the initial drop in subjective economic well-being after childbirth is caused by increased expenses due to the birth of a child (direct costs) and other drivers such as stress that are reflected in the self-reported indicator.

Published
2022

37. Craniofacial Fractures

Author

Forrest, C. R., Hammer, B., Manson, P. N., Markowitz, B., Phillips, J. H., Prein, J., Sullivan, P., Assael, Leon A., Klotch, Douglas W., Manson, Paul N., Prein, Joachim, Rahn, Berton A., and Schilli, Wilfried

Published
1998
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46. Reply

Author

Schmidlin, T. W., Hammer, B., Ono, Y., King, P. S., Miller, L. S., and Thumann, G.

Published
2002

49. Accelerating atomic structure search with cluster regularization.

Author

Sørensen, K. H., Jørgensen, M. S., Bruix, A., and Hammer, B.

Subjects
ATOMIC structure, ATOMIC physics, TITANIUM dioxide, DENSITY functional theory, EVOLUTIONARY algorithms
Abstract

We present a method for accelerating the global structure optimization of atomic compounds. The method is demonstrated to speed up the finding of the anatase TiO2(001)-(1 × 4) surface reconstruction within a density functional tight-binding theory framework using an evolutionary algorithm. As a key element of the method, we use unsupervised machine learning techniques to categorize atoms present in a diverse set of partially disordered surface structures into clusters of atoms having similar local atomic environments. Analysis of more than 1000 different structures shows that the total energy of the structures correlates with the summed distances of the atomic environments to their respective cluster centers in feature space, where the sum runs over all atoms in each structure. Our method is formulated as a gradient based minimization of this summed cluster distance for a given structure and alternates with a standard gradient based energy minimization. While the latter minimization ensures local relaxation within a given energy basin, the former enables escapes from meta-stable basins and hence increases the overall performance of the global optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. Measuring the Impact of an Empiric Antibiotic Algorithm for Pulmonary Exacerbation in Children and Young Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

Author

Kennedy, C.W., primary, Greenberg, I., additional, Perez, G.F., additional, Chaney, H.R., additional, Sami-Zakhari, I.R., additional, Ogunlesi, F.O., additional, Koumbourlis, A.C., additional, Hammer, B., additional, Hamdy, R., additional, Cogen, J., additional, Payne, A.S., additional, and Hahn, A., additional

Published
2021
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