11 results on '"Hammarstrand, Sofia"'
Search Results
2. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water and risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine leiomyoma, and endometriosis: A Swedish cohort study
- Author
-
Hammarstrand, Sofia, primary, Jakobsson, Kristina, additional, Andersson, Eva, additional, Xu, Yiyi, additional, Li, Ying, additional, Olovsson, Matts, additional, and Andersson, Eva M, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Developing a planetary health curriculum for undergraduate medicine in Ireland
- Author
-
Hammarstrand, Sofia, primary
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water and risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine leiomyoma, and endometriosis : A Swedish cohort study
- Author
-
Hammarstrand, Sofia, Jakobsson, Kristina, Andersson, Eva, Xu, Yiyi, Li, Ying, Olovsson, Matts, Andersson, Eva M., Hammarstrand, Sofia, Jakobsson, Kristina, Andersson, Eva, Xu, Yiyi, Li, Ying, Olovsson, Matts, and Andersson, Eva M.
- Abstract
Background: Perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are chemicals with endocrine disruptive properties that may interfere with the female reproductive system. However, few studies have explored the association between benign gynecological diseases and high PFAS exposure. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between PFAS exposure and subsequent diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), uterine leiomyoma (fibroids), and endometriosis in a cohort exposed to PFAS through drinking water. Material and methods: In 2013, high levels (with sum of PFAS above 10,000 ng/L), dominated by perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), were found in the drinking water from one of the two waterworks in Ronneby, Sweden. The contamination came from firefighting foams used at a nearby airfield. Females of all ages (n = 29,106) who had ever resided in the municipality between 1985 and 2013 formed a cohort. Individual exposure was assessed based on municipality waterworks distribution data linked to annual residential address data; 27% of the females had ever lived at an address with PFAS-contaminated water. Gynecological health outcomes were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the association between exposure and each diagnosis. Results: There were in all 161 cases of PCOS, 1,122 cases of uterine leiomyoma, and 373 cases of endometriosis. In women aged 20-50 years (n = 18,503), those with the highest estimated PFAS exposure had increased hazard ratios (HR) for PCOS (HR = 2.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43, 3.34) and uterine leiomyoma (HR = 1.28; 95% CI 0.95, 1.74). No increased HR for endometriosis was found (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.42, 1.29). Conclusions: Exposure to high levels of PFAS in drinking water was associated with increased risk of PCOS and possibly uterine leiomyoma, but not endometriosis. The findings for PCOS are consistent w
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Climate and Health - A summary of knowledge
- Author
-
Fagerberg, Björn, Forsberg, Bertil, Hammarstrand, Sofia, Maclachlan, Laura, Nilsson, Maria, and Olin, Anna-Carin
- Subjects
climate change ,health - Abstract
In summary, we believe that climate change is a major threat to our health. The greatest direct threats are: 1. Lack of food and clean water 2. Heatwaves 3. Changing spectrum of disease Secondary effects may be at least as serious, and include increased risk of conflicts due to lack of food, water and arable land, as well as increased migration. The effects on people’s mental health are also likely to be significant; primarily among those who are directly affected by extreme weather events, for example, but also in the form of greater worry and anxiety about the consequences of a changing climate. Globally, the effects are very unevenly distributed, and rising temperatures will hit poor countries hardest of all, while in the Nordic region the effects are likely to be less serious from the global perspective. Nevertheless, we are already seeing the effects of a warmer climate in the shape of increased risk of heatwaves and forest fires. We still have a lot to gain in this part of the world from limiting climate impact as much as possible!
- Published
- 2020
6. Klimat och hälsa - En kunskapssammanställning
- Author
-
Fagerberg, Björn, Forsberg, Bertil, Hammarstrand, Sofia, Maclachlan, Laura, Nilsson, Maria, and Olin, Anna-Carin
- Subjects
klimatförändringar - Abstract
Sammanfattningsvis anser vi att klimatförändringarna är ett stort hot mot vår hälsa. De största direkta hoten utgörs av brist på mat och rent vatten, värmeböljor och ändrat sjukdomspanorama. De sekundära effekterna kan bli minst lika allvarliga som en ökad risk för konflikter pga brist på mat, vatten och odlingsbar jord, och ökad migration. Effekterna på människors psykiska hälsa kan också bli betydande; främst förstås de som direkt drabbas vid t ex extrema väderhändelser, men också i form av ökad oro och ångest över vad ett ändrat klimat kan medföra. Effekterna globalt är mycket ojämnt fördelade, och temperaturökningen kommer drabba fattiga länder hårdast, sannolikt kommer effekterna i Norden vara mer begränsade i ett globalt perspektiv. Icke desto mindre ser vi redan nu effekter av ett varmare klimat, med ökad risk för värmeböljor och skogsbränder. Även vi har mycket att vinna på att begränsa klimatpåverkan så långt som möjligt! Hösten 2019 gav vetenskapsakademiernas gemensamma organ i Europa, EASAC ut en sammanställning av det vetenskapliga underlaget över vilka hälsoeffekter av klimatförändringar vi kan förvänta oss med fokus på Europa. Bilden är alarmerande. Vid 2° C temperaturhöjning kan vi t ex förvänta oss en överdödlighet på drygt 130 000 personer per år i Europa enbart beroende på värmeböljor år 2100. Men EASAC konkluderar också att snabba och avgörande åtgärder för att minska växthusgasutsläppen för att hålla temperaturökningen under 2° C över förindustriell nivå, skulle reducera riskerna för de värsta hälsoeffekterna. Den goda nyheten är att viktiga åtgärder mot klimatförändringarna dessutom har positiva effekter på hälsan: utfasning av fossila bränslen är en första viktig åtgärd. De bidrar idag till den största andelen av utsläppen av växthusgaser, och 22 påverkar också vår hälsa. Exponering från fossila bränslen har globalt beräknats ge upphov till 3.6 miljoner förtida dödsfall om året [15]. Enligt den senaste rapporten från UNEP krävs en minskning av utsläppen av växthusgaser med 7.6 % per år mellan 2020 och 2030 globalt om man skall kunna uppnå 1.5 ° C målet [67]. Även ändrade matvanor med minskat köttintag och ökad konsumtion av frukt och grönsaker minskar utsläppen av växthusgaser och har starka positiva effekter på vår hälsa. I ett globalt perspektiv är produktionen av mat också en av de stora utsläppskällorna av växthusgaser. Dessutom är den mat som produceras, processas och marknadsförs en viktig orsak till ohälsa genom att vara för fet, söt och salt och leda till för högt kaloriintag, överkonsumtion av rött kött och charkuteriprodukter [68]. En optimal klimatsmart kost skulle kunna reducera antalet förtidiga dödfall med cirka 20 % per år [22]. Lösningar finns alltså inom räckhåll och mycket kan göras baserat på befintlig kunskap. Som även EASAC påpekar, har vetenskapssamhället en viktig roll att spela för att sprida information om klimatförändringarnas hälsoeffekter, men också det stora behovet av förändring och åtgärder för att minimera temperaturökningen. För att på politisk nivå kunna genomföra nödvändiga åtgärder krävs ett starkt mandat för dessa åtgärder. Därför är ökade kunskaper om effekterna av ett förändrat klimatet ett viktigt steg. Vi har i modern tid inte tidigare mött ett större hot mot folkhälsan. Därför har vi inom sjukvården en speciellt viktig roll som kunskapsspridare, för att förebygga de värsta effekterna. Vi borde också föregå som goda exempel, t ex genom att minska resursslöseriet i vården, och bidra till en minskning av vårt klimatavtryck. Vi lever i en tid av ökad global välfärd. Aldrig tidigare har så många människor haft så goda förutsättningar för en bra hälsa. Lyckas vi inte lösa klimatfrågan kommer vi inte kunna uppnå god och jämlik hälsa för alla. För en god hälsa är vi helt beroende av tillgång på mat, rent vatten, utbildning, ekosystemtjänster, rättvisa och fred. Allt detta riskeras om vi inte anpassar oss till, och vidtar åtgärder, mot klimatförändringar.
- Published
- 2020
7. Serum perfluoroalkyl substances in residents following long-term drinking water contamination from firefighting foam in Ronneby, Sweden
- Author
-
Xu, Yiyi, primary, Nielsen, Christel, additional, Li, Ying, additional, Hammarstrand, Sofia, additional, Andersson, Eva M., additional, Li, Huiqi, additional, Olsson, Daniel S., additional, Engström, Karin, additional, Pineda, Daniela, additional, Lindh, Christian H., additional, Fletcher, Tony, additional, and Jakobsson, Kristina, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Placing children and adolescents at the centre of the Sustainable Development Goals will deliver for current and future generations
- Author
-
Alfven, Tobias, Dahlstrand, Johan, Humphreys, David, Hellden, Daniel, Hammarstrand, Sofia, Hollander, Anna-Clara, Målqvist, Mats, Nejat, Sahar, Jorgensen, Peter Sogaard, Friberg, Peter, Tomson, Goran, Alfven, Tobias, Dahlstrand, Johan, Humphreys, David, Hellden, Daniel, Hammarstrand, Sofia, Hollander, Anna-Clara, Målqvist, Mats, Nejat, Sahar, Jorgensen, Peter Sogaard, Friberg, Peter, and Tomson, Goran
- Abstract
Child health is taking the back seat in development strategies. In summarising a newly released collaborative report, this paper calls for a novel conceptual model where child health takes centre stage in relation to the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. It lays out five principles by which renewed effort and focus would yield the most benefit for children and adolescents. These include: re-defining global child health in the post-2015 era by placing children and adolescents at the centre of the Sustainable Development Goals; striving for equity; realising the rights of the child to thrive throughout the life-course; facilitating evidence informed policy-making and implementation; and capitalising on interlinkages within the SDGs to galvanise multisectoral action. These five principles offer models that together have the potential of improving design, return and quality of global child health programs while re-energising the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Placing children and adolescents at the centre of the Sustainable Development Goals will deliver for current and future generations
- Author
-
Alfvén, Tobias, primary, Dahlstrand, Johan, additional, Humphreys, David, additional, Helldén, Daniel, additional, Hammarstrand, Sofia, additional, Hollander, Anna-Clara, additional, Målqvist, Mats, additional, Nejat, Sahar, additional, Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, additional, Friberg, Peter, additional, and Tomson, Göran, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The impact of high exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and risk for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer - A Swedish cohort study.
- Author
-
Hammarstrand S, Andersson EM, Andersson E, Larsson K, Xu Y, Li Y, and Jakobsson K
- Abstract
Introduction: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persisting chemicals with endocrine disruptive and carcinogenic properties. Previous studies involving cohorts with high PFAS exposure have not shown an increased risk of breast cancer. Research on PFAS and breast cancer according to hormone receptor status is limited. This study aims to investigate the association between PFAS exposure and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer., Materials and Methods: In 2013, high levels of PFAS (sum of PFAS >10,000 ng/L), dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were found in the drinking water from one of the two waterworks in Ronneby, Sweden. Breast cancer diagnoses and information of adjuvant endocrine therapy were retrieved from the Swedish Cancer Register and The Prescribed Drug Register 2006-2016 for a cohort of women residing in the municipality between 1985 and 2013 (n=24,509). Individual exposure was assessed based on municipality waterworks distribution data linked to annual residential addresses. Cox proportional hazards models were used in the analysis. The highest achieved educational level was used as an indicator of socioeconomic position. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were performed for prepubertal exposure and diagnosis before or after age 50 (assumed menopause)., Results: There were 313 cases of malignant breast cancer among women ≤85 years between 2006 and 2016. Of these, 224 cases (72%) were considered hormone receptor-positive based on the first prescription of adjuvant endocrine therapy, antiestrogens (40%) or aromatase inhibitor (60%). Among women ever living at a residential address with high PFAS exposure, the hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer classified as hormone receptor-positive was 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61, 1.14. Findings were similar before and after menopause., Conclusion: High PFAS exposure from drinking water, dominated by PFOS and PFHxS, was not associated with an elevated risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. [Healthcare plays a key role in adapting to the health effects of climate change].
- Author
-
Hammarstrand S and Fritzell V
- Subjects
- Aged, Air Pollution adverse effects, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Extreme Heat adverse effects, Health Planning, Humans, Infant, Preventive Health Services, Sustainable Development, Sweden, Vulnerable Populations, Climate Change, Delivery of Health Care
- Abstract
Climate change will affect society in many areas, including healthcare.This article aims to explain the health aspects of climate change and how healthcare can play an important role. Rising temperatures affect health through direct effects such as increased heat (especially in tropical countries) and through indirect effects such as deteriorating air quality and changing panorama of infectious diseases. Particularly vulnerable to the effects are small children, elderly and those with severe chronic diseases. In the pursuit of a health care that can resist these effects, action plans based on simple measures that focus on vulnerable groups have been shown to greatly reduce the health impact. Healthcare also has an important role in the work on climate adaptation in Sweden by providing expertise in societal planning and preventive health work. Finally, knowledge among healthcare professionals and students about the health impact of climate change needs to be continuously updated.
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.