9 results on '"Hammarbäck, Jimmy"'
Search Results
2. Modelling situated intent for human-autonomy teaming: a human-centric approach.
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy, Johansson, Björn J. E., Alfredson, Jens, and Lundberg, Jonas
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TEAMS in the workplace , *AUTONOMY (Psychology) , *TASK performance , *ERGONOMICS , *RESEARCH funding , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *INTERVIEWING , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *DECISION making , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *SYSTEM analysis , *INTENTION , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *COMMUNICATION , *AUTOMATION , *USER interfaces , *COGNITION , *COOPERATIVENESS - Abstract
Entering an era where humans and synthetic agents are supposed to collaborate and cooperate, adequate models of human intent are crucial for coordinated teamwork. Unfortunately, although there is a need for such models, the concept of intent is ambiguous and approaches to model intent from a human-centric perspective are scarce. Building upon theoretical and methodological foundations, this study aims to address these gaps by presenting a conceptualisation of intent alongside an approach. Specifically, leveraging the six levels of cognitive control outlined in the Joint Control Framework, a provisional model of human intent alongside a defined and operationalised concept is presented. Building on these foundations, a novel approach is proposed. Utilising seven scenario-based interviews, the value of these contributions is demonstrated through an example case in the context of Manned-Unmanned Teaming. It is concluded that intent should be understood as a multi-faceted concept shaped by situated constraints, where intent is formed through a commitment to choices by context-situation and means-end reasoning. It is also concluded that the approach is useful, particularly since it can glean insights from choices considered and committed, both being essential in the design of synthetic teammates' capability to adapt to their human partner's agency. Relevance To human factors/ergonomics theory: With theoretical and methodological foundations, a provisional model of human intent is accompanied by a definition and operationalisation of intent to enhance understanding of this often ambiguous concept. Building upon these foundations, this paper introduces and demonstrates an approach for modelling situated intent from a human-centric perspective. These contributions deepen the understanding of human intent, particularly in the context of designing and developing systems that can effectively account for and adapt to human agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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3. My synthetic wingman must understand me: modelling intent for future manned–unmanned teaming
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy, Alfredson, Jens, Johansson, Björn, Lundberg, Jonas, Hammarbäck, Jimmy, Alfredson, Jens, Johansson, Björn, and Lundberg, Jonas
- Abstract
With advances in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and cognitive modelling, unmanned aircraft are expected to actas human-like wingmen in the near future. For fluent and effective manned–unmanned teaming, synthetic wingmen must beable to account for and adapt to their partners’ intent with little or no communication. To enable such abilities, it becomescrucial to identify the requirements that makes intent explainable to synthetic wingmen, necessitating approaches to describeand analyse intent from a human-centric perspective. To address this issue, this paper reports on findings from using WorkDomain Analysis to design and analyse models of situated intent with six levels of cognitive control (frames, effects, values,generic, implementations, and physical). Through a literature review and seven subject matter expert interviews, a synthesizedmodel was designed to represent fighter pilots’ intent in a manned–unmanned teaming scenario. Using the synthesized modelas the context, a transfer of control and a link loss situation were further described and analysed. Experiences show that WorkDomain Analysis can provide a practical and applicable means to model situated intent, particularly since designed modelscan be re-utilised to model intent in similar situations. Furthermore, the model analyses show the importance of accountingfor fighter pilots’ adopted frames since small variations of the framing of the situations can propagate throughout the modelresulting in conflicting or inconsistent intent. The paper concludes that synthetic wingmen must be able to reason about all six levels of cognitive control, requiring a more holistic approach to make intent explainable., Funding: VINNOVA; Swedish Defence Material Administration [2017-04884,2017-04884,2017-04884,2017-04884]; NFFP (National Aviation Research Programme) - VINNOVA (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems); Swedish Armed Forces, The Swedish Defence Material Administration and NFFP (National Aviation Research Pro- gramme), which is funded by VINNOVA (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems, 2017-04884,2017-04884,2017- 04884,2017-04884), the Swedish Armed Forces, and the Swedish Defence Material Administration.
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- 2024
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4. Modelling intent for Manned-Unmanned Teaming : Exploring human-centric approaches for future combat aircraft systems
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy, primary
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- 2022
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5. Modelling intent for Manned-Unmanned Teaming : Exploring human-centric approaches for future combat aircraft systems
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy and Hammarbäck, Jimmy
- Abstract
What does it mean to understand intent? This question is at the core of resilient teamwork since team members must account for each other’s intent in anticipated as well as unanticipated situations to adaptively coordinate their actions. As we enter an era where humans and synthetic agents are supposed to work as teammates, this question is brought to its head. For instance, unmanned aircraft are expected to act as human-like wingmen in the near future, requiring them to account for and adapt to the lead fighter pilot’s intent in various contexts and situations with little or no communication. To this end, adequate models of fighter pilots’ intent are crucial for enabling synthetic wingmen to reason about what their partner is doing, why, and what will happen next. Unfortunately, the concept of intent is often ambiguous and approaches to model intent are rarely described. As a result, researchers and practitioners often rely on assumptions regarding what aspects and elements of intent should be modelled–and how to approach the problem of modelling intent. This thesis addresses the what and how to model intent from a human-centric perspective by defining and operationalising the concept of intent and suggesting three novel and complementary approaches. Additionally, by applying the approaches to model fighter pilot intent in the context of Manned-Unmanned Teaming, both methodological considerations when modelling intent and design implications for future applications are presented., Vad innebär det att förstå intentioner? Denna fråga är central i resilient teamwork eftersom team-medlemmar måste beakta varandras intentioner i såväl förväntade som oförväntade situationer för att adaptivt koordinera sina handlingar. När vi nu går in i en era där människor och syntetiska agenter ska agera som team-medlemmar, ställs denna fråga på sin spets. Exempelvis förväntas obemannade flygplan agera som människoliknande wingmen inom en snar framtid, vilket kräver att de beaktar och anpassar sig till stridspilotens intentioner i olika sammanhang och situationer med liten eller ingen kommunikation. För att uppnå detta är användbara modeller av stridspiloters intentioner avgörande för att göra det möjligt för syntetiska wingmen att resonera om vad deras partner gör, varför, och vad som kommer att hända härnäst. Tyvärr är begreppet intention ofta tvetydigt och metoder för att modellera intentioner beskrivs sällan. Som ett resultat av detta förlitar sig forskare och praktiker ofta på antaganden om vilka aspekter och delar av intentioner som bör modelleras – och hur man kan närma sig problemet med att modellera intentioner. Denna avhandling behandlar vad och hur man kan modellera intentioner från ett människocentrerat perspektiv genom att definiera och operationalisera begreppet intention och föreslå tre nya och kompletterande tillvägagångssätt. Dessutom, genom att tillämpa tillvägagångssätten för att modellera stridspilotintentioner i samband med Manned-Unmanned Teaming, presenteras både metodologiska överväganden vid modellering av intentioner och designimplikationer för framtida tillämpningar.
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- 2022
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6. Finding paths or getting lost? : Examining the mental model construct and mental model methodology
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy
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Human Computer Interaction ,Människa-datorinteraktion (interaktionsdesign) - Abstract
Mental models have been a popular concept for more than 30 years and used to explain many phenomena of human life – from logical reasoning and problem-solving to narrative comprehension and the understanding of complex dynamic systems. As such, the mental model has been studied with a great variety of techniques, from the cognitive interview and verbal protocol analysis to observations and computer-based network algorithms. However, while the concept has a keen interest, there exists no consensus on what a mental model is. Nor what methods to use when studying them. Instead, most researchers have used their own vague, and often intuitive, descriptions of the construct, resulting in an abundance of incomplete and incompatible concepts that have been studied without many methodological considerations. This thesis aims to examine the mental model concept, and provide a working definition by describing associated functions, characteristics and nature. Moreover, a new methodological framework is developed and used as means to highlight mental model methodological issues. Lastly, given the lack of mental model methodological issues in research, the Pathfinder technique is validated as a starting point of this important field of study. Among the results, it is concluded that the Pathfinder technique is not valid. Consequently, researchers should be wary of Pathfinder technique’s limited use in complex domains, such as information security.
- Published
- 2017
7. Consistent or inconsistent terminology? : A study in how terms affect reading comprehension
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy
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Psychology (excluding Applied Psychology) ,Psykologi (exklusive tillämpad psykologi) ,Human Computer Interaction ,Människa-datorinteraktion (interaktionsdesign) - Abstract
Inkonsekvent terminologi anses ofta vara något att fördöma då det kan skapa osäkerhet och försämrad kvalité. Samtidigt finns uppfattningen att ordvariation ger möjligheter till lärande och gör språket tilltalande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka huruvida inkonsekvent terminologi påverkar läsförståelse i tre olika domäner – hälso- och sjukvård, ekonomi och data. Dessutom kontrolleras ordförståelse i varje domän för att se sambandet till läsförståelse. Resultaten indikerade att läsförståelse inte kan förklaras av terminologi och tyder på att individer kan få en bra förståelse oberoende om termer varieras eller ej. Dock förutsätter detta förmodat kunskap om termerna, vilket leder till slutsatsen att målgruppens kunskaper och syftet med texten bör identifieras innan beslut om konsekvent eller inkonsekvent terminologi avgörs.
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- 2015
8. An eye-tracking study on the importance of consistent terminology
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Gavin, Jacob, Hammarbäck, Jimmy, Hammarbäck, Madeleine, Helmersson, Benjamin, Nyberg, Martina, Svensson, Cassandra, Foo, Jody, and Koch, Felix-Sebastian
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Språkteknologi (språkvetenskaplig databehandling) ,Language Technology (Computational Linguistics) - Abstract
Using inconsistent terminology, e.g. having different terms in documentation and e.g. labels and menu items in a user interface is believed to be confusing to users. However, few empirical studies exist on this particular topic. In this paper we show how users' interaction with an interface is affected by inconsistent terminology. An experimental eye-tracking study with 30 participants was conducted where the participants were shown a user interface and a task description. The terminology in the interface and task description was manipulated to be either consistent or inconsistent. The results show that terminological inconsistencies led to a significantly higher number of visual fixations, more time needed to perform the task, and more returns to the task description. The conclusion is that inconsistent use of terms create unnecessary cognitive workload for the user that can be avoided by ensuring terminological consistency within a system.
- Published
- 2014
9. Konsekvent eller inkonsekvent terminologi? : En studie i hur termer påverkar läsförståelse
- Author
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Hammarbäck, Jimmy and Hammarbäck, Jimmy
- Abstract
Inkonsekvent terminologi anses ofta vara något att fördöma då det kan skapa osäkerhet och försämrad kvalité. Samtidigt finns uppfattningen att ordvariation ger möjligheter till lärande och gör språket tilltalande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka huruvida inkonsekvent terminologi påverkar läsförståelse i tre olika domäner – hälso- och sjukvård, ekonomi och data. Dessutom kontrolleras ordförståelse i varje domän för att se sambandet till läsförståelse. Resultaten indikerade att läsförståelse inte kan förklaras av terminologi och tyder på att individer kan få en bra förståelse oberoende om termer varieras eller ej. Dock förutsätter detta förmodat kunskap om termerna, vilket leder till slutsatsen att målgruppens kunskaper och syftet med texten bör identifieras innan beslut om konsekvent eller inkonsekvent terminologi avgörs.
- Published
- 2015
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