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2. Worldwide Disparities in Recovery of Cardiac Testing 1 Year Into COVID-19
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Einstein, A, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Vitola, J, Better, N, Villines, T, Cerci, R, Shaw, L, Choi, A, Dorbala, S, Karthikeyan, G, Lu, B, Sinitsyn, V, Ansheles, A, Kudo, T, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Norgaard, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Campisi, R, Milan, E, Louw, L, Allam, A, Bhatia, M, Sewanan, L, Malkovskiy, E, Cohen, Y, Randazzo, M, Narula, J, Morozova, O, Pascual, T, Pynda, Y, Dondi, M, Paez, D, Hinterleitner, G, Lu, Y, Xu, Z, Erinne, I, Shetty, M, Lopez-Mattei, J, Parwani, P, Goda, A, Shirka, E, Bouyoucef, S, Chelghoum, L, Mansouri, F, Medjahedi, A, Naili, Q, Ridouh, M, Alasia, D, Alberghina, L, Aramayo, N, Buchara, D, Busso, F, Bustos Rivadero, J, Camilletti, J, Campanelli, H, Castro, R, Daicz, M, del Riego, H, Dragonetti, L, Echazarreta, D, Erriest, J, Faccio, F, Facello, A, Gallegos, H, Geronazzo, R, Glait, H, Hasbani, V, Jager, V, Lewkowicz, J, Lotti, J, Maciel, N, Masoli, O, Mastrovito, E, Medus, M, Merani, M, Molteni, S, Montecinos, M, Parisi, G, Sueldo, C, Perez de Arenaza, D, Quintana, L, Radzinschi, A, Redruello, M, Rodriguez, M, Rojas, H, Acuna, A, Schere, D, Traverso, S, Vazquez, G, Zeffiro, S, Sakanyan, M, Beuzeville, S, Boktor, R, Crowley, M, Downie, D, Dwivedi, G, Elison, B, Farouque, O, Jasper, K, Joshi, S, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lui, E, Mcconachie, P, Meaker, J, Nandurkar, D, Neill, J, O'Rourke, E, O'Sullivan, P, Pandos, G, Premaratne, M, Prior, D, Rutherford, N, Saunders, C, Taubman, K, Tauro, A, Taylor, A, Theuerle, J, Thomas, P, Tow, J, Upton, A, Vamadevan, S, Wayne, V, Wegner, E, Wong, D, Younger, J, Beitzke, D, Feuchtner, G, Sommer, O, Weiss, K, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, N, Tserakhau, U, Homans, F, Van De Heyning, C, Araujo, R, Soldat-Stankovic, V, Stankovic, S, Almeida, A, Anselmi, C, Azevedo, G, Bittencourt, M, Pianta, D, Cabeda, E, Carreira, L, Coelho, I, de Amorim Fernandes, F, de Lorenzo, A, Delgado, R, Erthal, F, Fernandes, F, Fernandes, J, Ferreira de Souza, T, Foppa, M, Matos Alves, W, Gontijo, C, Gottlieb, I, Grossman, G, Albernaz Siqueira, M, Nomura, C, Koga, K, Lima, R, Lopes, R, Marcal Filho, H, Masiero, P, Mastrocola, L, Menezes de Siqueira, M, Mesquita, C, Naves, D, Penna, F, Pinto, I, Rocha, T, Rocha, J, Rodrigues, A, Salioni, L, Sanches, A, Santos, M, Da Silva, L, Schvartzman, P, Matushita, C, Senra, T, Silva, M, Soares, C, Spiro, B, Suaide Silva, C, Torres, R, Monte, G, Vilela, A, Villa, A, Voss, T, Waltrick, R, Zapparoli, M, Naseer, H, Garcheva-Tsacheva, M, Ouattara, T, Thou, S, Varoeun, S, Abikhzer, G, Beanlands, R, Chetrit, M, Dabreo, D, Dennie, C, Friedrich, M, Hafez, M, Hanneman, K, Miller, R, Oikonomou, A, Roifman, I, Small, G, Tandon, V, Trivedi, A, White, J, Zukotynski, K, Alay, R, Concha, C, Massardo, T, Abad, P, Anzola, K, Arturo, H, Benitez, L, Cadena, A, Zamudio, C, Calderon, A, Gutierrez Villamil, C, Jaimes, C, Londono, J, Lopez, N, Merlano-Gaitan, S, Murgieitio-Cabrera, R, Valencia, M, Vergel, D, Santamaria, A, Solis, F, Batinic, T, Franceschi, M, Paar, M, Prpic, M, Felipe Batista, C, Cabrera, L, Peix, A, Pena, Y, Rochela Vazquez, L, Ntalas, I, Kaminek, M, Kincl, V, Lang, O, Abdulla, J, Bottcher, M, Busk, M, Geisler, U, Gormsen, L, Hansson, N, Hess, S, Hove, J, Jensen, L, Jensen, M, Kragholm, K, Ovrehus, K, Rasmussen, J, Ronnow Sand, N, Sondergaard, H, Zaremba, T, Speckter, H, Amores, N, Velez, M, Alrahman, T, Elsamad, S, Abdelfattah, A, Elkaffas, S, Hassan, M, Hussein, E, Ibrahim, A, Kandeel, A, Ali, M, Shaaban, M, Flores, C, Gomez Leiva, V, Liiver, A, Larikka, M, Uusitalo, V, Agostini, D, Berger, C, Dietz, M, Hyafil, F, Ohana, M, Prigent, K, Regaieg, H, Sarda-Mantel, L, H-Ici, D, Ayetey, H, Angelidis, G, Fragkaki, C, Fragkiadaki, C, Georgoulias, P, Koutelou, M, Kyrozi, E, Lama, N, Prassopoulos, V, Spartalis, M, Zaglavara, T, Gonzalez, C, Gutierrez, G, Maldonado, A, Martinez, Y, Kovacs, A, Szilveszter, B, Banthia, N, Bhat, V, Choudhury, P, Chowdekar, V, Christopher, J, Garg, T, Goyal, N, Gupta, R, Gupta, A, Hephzibah, J, Jain, S, Krupa, J, Kumar, P, Kumar, S, Lalchandani, A, Mishra, A, Mishra, V, Mohan, P, Ozair, A, Pandey, S, Parameswaran, R, Patel, C, Patel, T, Patel, S, Vimala, L, Kumar Sarangi, D, Sengupta, S, Sethi, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shrigiriwar, A, Singh, S, Singh, H, Sood, A, Verma, A, Vyas, A, Soeriadi, E, Bun, E, Hutomo, F, Syawaluddin, H, Yudistiro, R, Albadr, A, Assadi, M, Emami, F, Emami-Ardekani, A, Farzanehfar, S, Jafari, R, Manafi-Farid, R, Tajik, M, Arnson, Y, Fuchs, S, Goldkorn, R, Kennedy, J, Leitman, M, Shalev, A, Acampa, W, Albano, D, Alongi, P, Arnone, G, Assante, R, Baritussio, A, Bauckneht, M, Bianco, F, Bonfiglioli, R, Bovenzi, F, Bruno, I, Bruno, A, Busnardo, E, Califaretti, E, Casoni, R, Censullo, V, Chierichetti, F, Chiocchi, M, Cittanti, C, Clemente, A, Cuocolo, A, De Rimini, M, De Vincentis, G, Della Tommasina, V, Dellegrottaglie, S, Erba, P, Evangelista, L, Faggi, L, Faragasso, E, Florimonte, L, Frantellizzi, V, Gatti, M, Gaudiano, A, Gelardi, F, Gerali, A, Gimelli, A, Guglielmo, M, Leccisotti, L, Liga, R, Liguori, C, Longo, G, Maffione, M, Marcassa, C, Matassa, G, Mele, D, Mircoli, L, Paccagnella, A, Pacella, S, Padovano, F, Pellegrini, D, Pergola, V, Pugliese, L, Quartuccio, N, Rampin, L, Ricci, F, Rubini, G, Russo, V, Sambuceti, G, Scatteia, A, Sciagra, R, Spidalieri, G, Stefanelli, A, Tedeschi, C, Ventroni, G, Baugh, D, Madu, E, Aikawa, T, Asano, H, Fujimoto, S, Fujise, K, Fukushima, Y, Fukuyama, K, Ichikawa, Y, Ideguchi, R, Iguchi, N, Imai, M, Ishimura, H, Isobe, S, Ito, K, Izawa, Y, Kadokami, T, Kasai, T, Kato, T, Kawamoto, T, Kiryu, S, Kumita, S, Manabe, O, Maruno, H, Matsumoto, N, Miyagawa, M, Moroi, M, Nagamachi, S, Nakajima, K, Nakazato, R, Nanasato, M, Naya, M, Norikane, T, Ohta, Y, Otomi, Y, Otsuka, H, Oyama-Manabe, N, Saito, M, Sarai, M, Sato, J, Sato, D, Shiraishi, S, Takanami, K, Takehana, K, Taniguchi, Y, Teragawa, H, Tomizawa, N, Umeji, K, Wakabayashi, Y, Yamada, S, Yamazaki, S, Yoneyama, T, Rawashdeh, M, Dautov, T, Makhdomi, K, Abass, M, Garashi, M, Siraj, Q, Kalnina, M, Haidar, M, Komiagiene, R, Kviecinskiene, G, Vajauskas, D, Karim, N, Doucoure, M, Reichmuth, L, Samuel, A, Dieng, M, Naojee, A, Hernandez, E, Alducin Tellez, C, Alexanderson-Rosas, E, Barragan, E, Cabada, M, Calderon, D, Carvajal-Juarez, I, Esparza, J, Gama-Moreno, M, Quinto, V, Gonzalez, N, Herrera-Zarza, M, Meave, A, Medina Verdugo, J, Melendez, G, Morales Murguia, R, Navarro Quiroz, C, Ornelas, M, Preciado-Anaya, A, Preciado-Gutierrez, O, Puente, A, Salazar, A, Rosales Uvera, S, Rosales-Uvera, S, Serna Macias, J, Sierra-Galan, L, Tirado Alderete, J, Vallejo, E, Faraggi, M, Sereegotov, E, Ben Rais, N, Alaoui, N, Kyiphyu, T, Oo, S, Win, S, Zar, H, Ghimire, R, Neupane, M, Glaudemans, A, Slart, R, Verschure, D, Allen, B, Edmond, J, Mckenzie, C, Tie, S, Van Pelt, N, Worthington, K, Young, C, Soli, I, Kana, S, Onubogu, U, Sani, M, Braten, A, Jorgensen, A, Vassbotn, H, Al Dhuhli, H, Jawa, Z, Tag, N, Fatima, S, Imran, M, Younis, M, Saadullah, M, Malo, Y, Lenturut-Katal, D, Castillo, M, Ortellado, J, Akhter, A, Cader, F, Hussain, R, Khan, S, Mandal, T, Nasreen, F, An, Y, Cao, D, Gong, L, Hou, Y, Jia, C, Li, T, Li, C, Liu, H, Liu, W, Liu, J, Ng, M, Shi, H, Tang, C, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Wu, J, Yi, Y, Yuan, L, Zhang, T, Zhang, L, Chavez, E, Cruz, C, Llontop, C, Morales, R, Abrihan, P, Bustos-Barroso, A, Duldulao-Ogbac, M, Eduarte, C, Obaldo, J, Quinon, A, San Juan, B, San Juan, C, Sauler-Gomez, M, Uy, M, Kostkiewicz, M, Kunikowska, J, Teresinska, A, Urbanik, T, Bettencourt, N, Fontes-Carvalho, R, Gavina, C, Goncalves, L, Macedo, F, Moreno, N, Sousa, C, Timoteo, A, Vidigal, M, Al Heidous, M, Ramanathan, S, Arnous, S, Aytani, S, Byrne, A, Gleeson, T, Kerins, D, O'Brien, J, Bang, J, Bom, H, Cheon, M, Cheon, G, Cho, S, Hong, C, Jeong, Y, Kang, W, Kang, Y, Kim, J, Oh, S, So, Y, Song, H, Won, K, Yoo, S, Mitevska, I, Vavlukis, M, Salobir, B, Stalc, M, Benedek, T, Pop, M, Stan, C, Dariy, O, Gagarina, N, Itskovich, I, Karalkin, A, Kokov, A, Marina, G, Migunova, E, Pospelov, V, Ryzhkova, D, Sayfullina, G, Sergienko, V, Shurupova, I, Vakhromeeva, M, Valiullina, N, Zavadovsky, K, Zhuravlev, K, Abazid, R, Al Garni, T, Alasnag, M, Aljizeeri, A, Amer, H, Amro, A, Hamdy, H, Smettei, O, Saranovic, D, Vlajkovic, M, Keng, F, See, J, Berecova, Z, Mistinova, J, Evbuomwan, O, Govender, N, Hack, J, Hadebe, B, Hlongwa, K, Kaplan, M, Lakhi, H, Milos, K, Modiselle, M, More, S, Muambadzi, N, Scholtz, L, Barreiro-Perez, M, Blanco, I, Broncano, J, Camarero, A, Casans-Tormo, I, De Haro, J, Flotats, A, Garcia, E, Mendiguchia, C, Jimenez-Heffernan, A, Leta, R, Diaz, J, Vega, L, Manovel-Sanchez, A, Monzonis, A, Patrut, B, Pubul, V, Perez, R, Zeidan, N, Nanayakkara, D, Suliman, A, Engblom, H, Murtadha, M, Ostenfeld, E, Simonsson, M, Alkadhi, H, Buechel, R, Burger, P, Grani, C, Kamani, C, Kawel-Bohm, N, Klaeser, B, Manka, R, Prior, J, Kaewchur, T, Khiewvan, B, Kositwattanarerk, A, Namwongprom, S, Thientunyakit, T, Sayman, H, Yuksel, M, Sebikali, M, Okello, E, Korol, P, Noverko, I, Satyr, M, Ahmad, T, Alfakih, K, Andrade, I, Buckingham, S, Bularga, A, Carpenter, J, Cole, G, Cusack, D, David, S, Davis, P, Fairbairn, T, Ghosh, A, Ramkumar, P, Hamilton, M, Haque, F, Hudson, B, Johnstone, A, Karthikeyan, V, Kay, M, Khan, M, Kitt, J, Low, C, Mcalindon, E, Mccreavy, D, Morrissey, B, Motwani, M, Na, D, Nicol, E, Patel, D, Rodrigues, J, Rofe, C, Schofield, R, Semple, T, Sheikh, A, Sinha, A, Subedi, D, Topping, W, Tweed, K, Underwood, S, Weir-Mccall, J, Zuhairy, H, Abbasi, T, Abohashem, S, Abramson, S, Al-Mallah, M, Kumar, M, Balmer-Swain, M, Berman, D, Bernheim, A, Bhatti, S, Biederman, R, Bieging, E, Bingham, S, Bloom, S, Blue, S, Borges, A, Branch, K, Bravo, P, Buddhe, S, Budoff, M, Bullock-Palmer, R, Cahill, M, Candela, C, Cao, J, Chatterjee, S, Chatzizisis, Y, Chaudhuri, N, Cheezum, M, Chelliah, A, Chen, T, Chen, M, Chen, L, Chokshi, A, Chung, J, Danciu, S, Desisto, W, Dilorenzo, M, Doukky, R, Duvall, W, Ferencik, M, Foster, C, Fuisz, A, Gannon, M, German, D, Gerson, M, Geske, J, Hage, F, Haider, A, Haider, S, Hamirani, Y, Hassen, K, Hendel, R, Henkel, J, Horgan, S, Hyun, M, Janardhanan, R, Jerome, S, Kalra, D, Kassop, D, Kinkhabwala, M, Kinzfogl, G, Koch, B, Koweek, L, Krepp, J, Kwon, Y, Layer, J, Lesser, J, Leung, S, Lisske, B, Magurany, K, Markowitz, J, Mccullough, B, Moalemi, A, Moffitt, C, Montanez, J, Moore, W, Morayati, S, Mossa-Basha, M, Mrsic, Z, Murthy, V, Nagpal, P, Nelson, K, Nijjar, P, O'Quinn, R, Passen, E, Patil, P, Pursnani, A, Quachang, N, Rabbat, M, Ranjan, P, Lozano, P, Schemmer, M, Seifried, R, Shah, N, Shah, A, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Skotnicki, R, Sobczak, M, Soman, P, Sorrell, V, Srichai, M, Streeter, J, Strickland, L, Suliman, S, Tebyanian, N, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Vandyck-Acquah, M, Verma, V, Weinstein, J, Wolinsky, D, Zareba, K, Zgaljardic, M, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Vera, L, Duc, B, Nguyen, X, Hiep Nguyen, P, Einstein A. J., Hirschfeld C., Williams M. C., Vitola J. V., Better N., Villines T. C., Cerci R., Shaw L. J., Choi A. D., Dorbala S., Karthikeyan G., Lu B., Sinitsyn V., Ansheles A. A., Kudo T., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Norgaard B. L., Maurovich-Horvat P., Campisi R., Milan E., Louw L., Allam A. H., Bhatia M., Sewanan L., Malkovskiy E., Cohen Y., Randazzo M., Narula J., Morozova O., Pascual T. N. B., Pynda Y., Dondi M., Paez D., Hinterleitner G., Lu Y., Xu Z., Hirschfeld C. B., Erinne I., Shetty M., Choi A., Lopez-Mattei J., Parwani P., Goda A., Shirka E., Bouyoucef S., Chelghoum L., Mansouri F., Medjahedi A., Naili Q., Ridouh M., Alasia D., Alberghina L., Aramayo N., Buchara D., Busso F. G., Bustos Rivadero J. J., Camilletti J., Campanelli H., Castro R. B., Daicz M., del Riego H., Dragonetti L., Echazarreta D., Erriest J., Faccio F., Facello A., Gallegos H., Geronazzo R., Glait H., Hasbani V., Jager V., Lewkowicz J. M., Lotti J., Maciel N., Masoli O., Mastrovito E., Medus M., Merani M. F., Molteni S., Montecinos M., Parisi G., Sueldo C. P., Perez de Arenaza D., Quintana L., Radzinschi A., Redruello M., Rodriguez M., Rojas H., Acuna A. R., Schere D., Traverso S., Vazquez G., Zeffiro S., Sakanyan M., Beuzeville S., Boktor R., Crowley M., Downie D. A., Dwivedi G., Elison B., Farouque O., Jasper K., Joshi S., Lee J., Lee K., Lui E., Mcconachie P., Meaker J., Nandurkar D., Neill J., O'Rourke E., O'Sullivan P., Pandos G., Premaratne M., Prior D., Rutherford N., Saunders C., Taubman K., Tauro A., Taylor A., Theuerle J., Thomas P., Tow J., Upton A., Vamadevan S., Wayne V., Wegner E. A., Wong D., Younger J., Beitzke D., Feuchtner G., Sommer O., Weiss K., Maroz-Vadalazhskaya N., Tserakhau U., Homans F., Van De Heyning C. M., Araujo R., Soldat-Stankovic V., Stankovic S., Almeida A., Anselmi C., Azevedo G. S. A., Bittencourt M. S., Pianta D. B., Cabeda E., Carreira L., Coelho I., de Amorim Fernandes F., de Lorenzo A., Delgado R., Erthal F., Fernandes F., Fernandes J., Ferreira de Souza T., Foppa M., Matos Alves W. F., Gontijo C., Gottlieb I., Grossman G., Albernaz Siqueira M. H., Nomura C. H., Koga K. H., Lima R., Lopes R., Marcal Filho H. H., Masiero P., Mastrocola L., Menezes de Siqueira M. E., Mesquita C., Naves D., Penna F., Pinto I., Rocha T., Rocha J. L., Rodrigues A., Salioni L., Sanches A., Santos M., Da Silva L. S., Schvartzman P., Matushita C. S., Senra T., Silva M., Soares C. E., Spiro B., Suaide Silva C. E., Torres R., Monte G. U., Vilela A., Villa A. V., Vitola J., Voss T., Waltrick R., Zapparoli M., Naseer H., Garcheva-Tsacheva M., Ouattara T. F., Thou S., Varoeun S., Abikhzer G., Beanlands R., Chetrit M., Dabreo D., Dennie C., Friedrich M., Hafez M. N., Hanneman K., Miller R., Oikonomou A., Roifman I., Small G., Tandon V., Trivedi A., White J., Zukotynski K., Alay R., Concha C., Massardo T., Abad P., Anzola K., Arturo H., Benitez L., Cadena A., Zamudio C. C., Calderon A., Gutierrez Villamil C. T., Jaimes C., Londono J. L., Lopez N., Merlano-Gaitan S., Murgieitio-Cabrera R., Valencia M., Vergel D., Santamaria A. Z., Solis F., Batinic T., Franceschi M., Paar M. H., Prpic M., Felipe Batista C. J., Cabrera L. O., Peix A., Pena Y., Rochela Vazquez L. M., Ntalas I., Kaminek M., Kincl V., Lang O., Abdulla J., Bottcher M., Busk M., Geisler U., Gormsen L. C., Hansson N., Hess S., Hove J., Jensen L. T., Jensen M. T., Kragholm K. H., Ovrehus K., Rasmussen J., Ronnow Sand N. P., Sondergaard H., Zaremba T., Speckter H., Amores N., Velez M. S., Alrahman T. A., Elsamad S. A., Abdelfattah A., Allam A., Elkaffas S., Hassan M., Hussein E., Ibrahim A., Kandeel A., Ali M. M., Shaaban M., Flores C., Gomez Leiva V. V., Liiver A., Larikka M., Uusitalo V., Agostini D., Berger C., Dietz M., Hyafil F., Ohana M., Prigent K., Regaieg H., Sarda-Mantel L., H-Ici D. O., Ayetey H., Angelidis G., Fragkaki C., Fragkiadaki C., Georgoulias P., Koutelou M., Kyrozi E., Lama N., Prassopoulos V., Spartalis M., Zaglavara T., Gonzalez C., Gutierrez G., Maldonado A., Martinez Y., Kovacs A., Szilveszter B., Banthia N., Bhat V., Choudhury P., Chowdekar V. S., Christopher J., Garg T., Goyal N. K., Gupta R. K., Gupta A., Hephzibah J., Jain S., Krupa J., Kumar P., Kumar S., Lalchandani A., Mishra A., Mishra V. D., Mohan P., Ozair A., Pandey S., Parameswaran R., Patel C., Patel T., Patel S., Vimala L. R., Kumar Sarangi D. P., Sengupta S., Sethi A., Sharma A., Sharma A. K., Sharma P., Shrigiriwar A., Singh S., Singh H., Sood A., Verma A., Vyas A., Soeriadi E. A., Bun E., Hutomo F., Syawaluddin H., Yudistiro R., Albadr A., Assadi M., Emami F., Emami-Ardekani A., Farzanehfar S., Jafari R., Manafi-Farid R., Tajik M., Arnson Y., Fuchs S., Goldkorn R., Kennedy J., Leitman M., Shalev A., Acampa W., Albano D., Alongi P., Arnone G., Assante R., Baritussio A., Bauckneht M., Bianco F., Bonfiglioli R., Bovenzi F., Bruno I., Bruno A., Busnardo E., Califaretti E., Casoni R., Censullo V., Chierichetti F., Chiocchi M., Cittanti C., Clemente A., Cuocolo A., De Rimini M. L., De Vincentis G., Della Tommasina V., Dellegrottaglie S., Erba P. A., Evangelista L., Faggi L., Faragasso E., Florimonte L., Frantellizzi V., Gatti M., Gaudiano A., Gelardi F., Gerali A., Gimelli A., Guglielmo M., Leccisotti L., Liga R., Liguori C., Longo G., Maffione M., Marcassa C., Matassa G., Mele D., Mircoli L., Paccagnella A., Pacella S., Padovano F., Pellegrini D., Pergola V., Pugliese L., Quartuccio N., Rampin L., Ricci F., Rubini G., Russo V., Sambuceti G., Scatteia A., Sciagra R., Spidalieri G., Stefanelli A., Tedeschi C., Ventroni G., Baugh D., Madu E., Aikawa T., Asano H., Fujimoto S., Fujise K., Fukushima Y., Fukuyama K., Ichikawa Y., Ideguchi R., Iguchi N., Imai M., Ishimura H., Isobe S., Ito K., Izawa Y., Kadokami T., Kasai T., Kato T., Kawamoto T., Kiryu S., Kumita S., Manabe O., Maruno H., Matsumoto N., Miyagawa M., Moroi M., Nagamachi S., Nakajima K., Nakazato R., Nanasato M., Naya M., Norikane T., Ohta Y., Otomi Y., Otsuka H., Oyama-Manabe N., Saito M., Sarai M., Sato J., Sato D., Shiraishi S., Takanami K., Takehana K., Taniguchi Y., Teragawa H., Tomizawa N., Umeji K., Wakabayashi Y., Yamada S., Yamazaki S., Yoneyama T., Rawashdeh M., Dautov T., Makhdomi K., Abass M., Garashi M., Siraj Q., Kalnina M., Haidar M., Komiagiene R., Kviecinskiene G., Vajauskas D., Karim N. K. A., Doucoure M., Reichmuth L., Samuel A., Dieng M. L., Naojee A. S., Hernandez E. A., Alducin Tellez C. R., Alexanderson-Rosas E., Barragan E., Cabada M., Calderon D., Carvajal-Juarez I., Esparza J., Gama-Moreno M. G., Quinto V. G., Gonzalez N. C., Herrera-Zarza M. C., Meave A., Medina Verdugo J. G., Melendez G., Morales Murguia R. H., Navarro Quiroz C. S., Ornelas M., Preciado-Anaya A., Preciado-Gutierrez O. U., Puente A., Salazar A. R., Rosales Uvera S. G., Rosales-Uvera S., Serna Macias J. A., Sierra-Galan L., Sierra-Galan L. M., Tirado Alderete J. C., Vallejo E., Faraggi M., Sereegotov E., Ben Rais N., Alaoui N. I., Kyiphyu T., Oo S. T., Win S. M., Zar H., Ghimire R., Neupane M., Glaudemans A., Slart R., Verschure D., Allen B., Edmond J., Mckenzie C., Tie S., Van Pelt N., Worthington K., Young C., Soli I. A., Kana S., Onubogu U., Sani M., Braten A. T., Jorgensen A., Vassbotn H. -E., Al Dhuhli H., Jawa Z., Tag N., Fatima S., Imran M. B., Younis M. N., Saadullah M., Malo Y. H., Lenturut-Katal D., Castillo M., Ortellado J., Akhter A., Cader F. A., Hussain R., Khan S. R., Mandal T., Nasreen F., An Y., Cao D., Gong L., Hou Y., Jia C., Li T., Li C., Liu H., Liu W., Liu J., Ng M. -Y., Shi H., Tang C., Wang X., Wang Z., Wang Y., Wu J., Yi Y., Yuan L., Zhang T., Zhang L., Chavez E., Cruz C., Llontop C., Morales R., Abrihan P., Bustos-Barroso A., Duldulao-Ogbac M., Eduarte C., Obaldo J., Quinon A., San Juan B., San Juan C. J., Sauler-Gomez M. R., Uy M., Kostkiewicz M., Kunikowska J., Teresinska A., Urbanik T., Bettencourt N., Fontes-Carvalho R., Gavina C., Goncalves L., Macedo F., Moreno N., Sousa C., Timoteo A. T., Vidigal M. J., Al Heidous M., Ramanathan S., Arnous S., Aytani S., Byrne A., Gleeson T., Kerins D., O'Brien J., Bang J. -I., Bom H., Cheon M., Cheon G. J., Cho S. -G., Hong C. M., Jeong Y. H., Kang W. J., Kang Y. -K., Kim J. -Y., Oh S. W., So Y., Song H. -C., Won K. S., Yoo S. W., Mitevska I., Vavlukis M., Salobir B. G., Stalc M., Benedek T., Pop M., Stan C., Ansheles A., Dariy O., Gagarina N., Itskovich I., Karalkin A., Kokov A., Marina G., Migunova E., Pospelov V., Ryzhkova D., Sayfullina G., Sergienko V., Shurupova I., Vakhromeeva M., Valiullina N., Zavadovsky K., Zhuravlev K., Abazid R., Al Garni T., Alasnag M., Aljizeeri A., Amer H., Amro A., Hamdy H., Smettei O., Saranovic D. S., Vlajkovic M., Keng F., See J., Berecova Z., Mistinova J. P., Evbuomwan O., Govender N., Hack J., Hadebe B., Hlongwa K., Kaplan M., Lakhi H., Milos K., Modiselle M., More S., Muambadzi N., Scholtz L., Barreiro-Perez M., Blanco I., Broncano J., Camarero A., Casans-Tormo I., De Haro J., Flotats A., Garcia E., Mendiguchia C. G., Jimenez-Heffernan A., Leta R., Diaz J. L., Vega L. L., Manovel-Sanchez A., Monzonis A. M., Patrut B., Pubul V., Perez R. R., Zeidan N., Nanayakkara D., Suliman A., Engblom H., Murtadha M., Ostenfeld E., Simonsson M., Alkadhi H., Buechel R. R., Burger P., Grani C., Kamani C., Kawel-Bohm N., Klaeser B., Manka R., Prior J., Kaewchur T., Khiewvan B., Kositwattanarerk A., Namwongprom S., Thientunyakit T., Sayman H. B., Yuksel M., Sebikali M. J., Okello E., Korol P., Noverko I., Satyr M., Ahmad T., Alfakih K., Andrade I., Buckingham S., Bularga A., Carpenter J. -P., Cole G., Cusack D., David S., Davis P., Fairbairn T., Ghosh A., Ramkumar P. G., Hamilton M., Haque F., Hudson B., Johnstone A., Karthikeyan V. J., Kay M., Khan M. A., Kitt J., Low C. S., Mcalindon E., Mccreavy D., Morrissey B., Motwani M., Na D., Nicol E., Patel D., Rodrigues J., Rofe C., Schofield R., Semple T., Sheikh A., Sinha A., Subedi D., Topping W., Tweed K., Underwood S. R., Weir-Mccall J., Zuhairy H., Abbasi T., Abohashem S., Abramson S., Al-Mallah M., Kumar M. A., Balmer-Swain M., Berman D., Bernheim A., Bhatti S., Biederman R., Bieging E., Bingham S., Bloom S., Blue S., Borges A., Branch K., Bravo P., Buddhe S., Budoff M., Bullock-Palmer R., Cahill M., Candela C., Cao J., Chatterjee S., Chatzizisis Y., Chaudhuri N. R., Cheezum M., Chelliah A., Chen T., Chen M., Chen L., Chokshi A., Chung J., Danciu S., DeSisto W., Dilorenzo M., Doukky R., Duvall W., Ferencik M., Foster C., Fuisz A., Gannon M., German D., Gerson M., Geske J., Hage F., Haider A., Haider S., Hamirani Y., Hassen K., Hendel R., Henkel J., Horgan S., Hyun M., Janardhanan R., Jerome S., Kalra D., Kassop D., Kinkhabwala M., Kinzfogl G., Koch B., Koweek L., Krepp J., Kwon Y., Layer J., Lesser J., Leung S., Lisske B., Magurany K., Markowitz J., Mccullough B., Moalemi A., Moffitt C., Montanez J., Moore W., Morayati S., Mossa-Basha M., Mrsic Z., Murthy V., Nagpal P., Nelson K., Nijjar P., O'Quinn R., Passen E., Patil P., Pursnani A., Quachang N., Rabbat M., Ranjan P., Lozano P. R., Schemmer M., Seifried R., Shah N., Shah A., Shanbhag S., Sharma G., Skotnicki R., Sobczak M., Soman P., Sorrell V., Srichai M., Streeter J., Strickland L., Suliman S., Tebyanian N., Thomas D., Thompson R., Uretsky S., Vallurupalli S., Vandyck-Acquah M., Verma V., Villines T., Weinstein J., Wolinsky D., Zareba K., Zgaljardic M., Beretta M., Ferrando R., Kapitan M., Mut F., Djuraev O., Rozikhodjaeva G., Vera L., Duc B. D., Nguyen X. C., Hiep Nguyen P. 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R., Schemmer M., Seifried R., Shah N., Shah A., Shanbhag S., Sharma G., Skotnicki R., Sobczak M., Soman P., Sorrell V., Srichai M., Streeter J., Strickland L., Suliman S., Tebyanian N., Thomas D., Thompson R., Uretsky S., Vallurupalli S., Vandyck-Acquah M., Verma V., Villines T., Weinstein J., Wolinsky D., Zareba K., Zgaljardic M., Beretta M., Ferrando R., Kapitan M., Mut F., Djuraev O., Rozikhodjaeva G., Vera L., Duc B. D., Nguyen X. C., and Hiep Nguyen P. M.
- Abstract
Background: The extent to which health care systems have adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic to provide necessary cardiac diagnostic services is unknown. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the pandemic on cardiac testing practices, volumes and types of diagnostic services, and perceived psychological stress to health care providers worldwide. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations from baseline in cardiovascular diagnostic care at the pandemic's onset and 1 year later. Multivariable regression was used to determine factors associated with procedure volume recovery. Results: Surveys were submitted from 669 centers in 107 countries. Worldwide reduction in cardiac procedure volumes of 64% from March 2019 to April 2020 recovered by April 2021 in high- and upper middle-income countries (recovery rates of 108% and 99%) but remained depressed in lower middle- and low-income countries (46% and 30% recovery). Although stress testing was used 12% less frequently in 2021 than in 2019, coronary computed tomographic angiography was used 14% more, a trend also seen for other advanced cardiac imaging modalities (positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance; 22%-25% increases). Pandemic-related psychological stress was estimated to have affected nearly 40% of staff, impacting patient care at 78% of sites. In multivariable regression, only lower-income status and physicians’ psychological stress were significant in predicting recovery of cardiac testing. Conclusions: Cardiac diagnostic testing has yet to recover to prepandemic levels in lower-income countries. Worldwide, the decrease in standard stress testing is offset by greater use of advanced cardiac imaging modalities. Pandemic-related psychological stress among providers is widespread and associated with poor recovery of cardiac testing.
- Published
- 2022
3. Impact of COVID-19 on the imaging diagnosis of cardiac disease in Europe
- Author
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A, Dougan, J, Fairbairn, T, Farrugia, A, Gopalan, D, Gummow, A, Ramkumar, P, Hamilton, M, Harbinson, M, Hartley, T, Hudson, B, Joshi, N, Kay, M, Kelion, A, Khokhar, A, Kitt, J, Low, C, Mak, S, Marousa, N, Martin, J, Mcalindon, E, Menezes, L, Morgan-Hughes, G, Moss, A, Murray, A, Patel, D, Peebles, C, Pugliese, F, Rodrigues, J, Rofe, C, Sabharwal, N, Schofield, R, Semple, T, Sharma, N, Strouhal, P, Subedi, D, Topping, W, Tweed, K, Weir-Mccall, J, Abbara, S, Abbasi, T, Abbott, B, Abohashem, S, Abramson, S, Al-Abboud, T, Al-Mallah, M, Almousalli, O, Ananthasubramaniam, K, Kumar, M, Askew, J, Attanasio, L, Balmer-Swain, M, Bayer, R, Bernheim, A, Bhatti, S, Bieging, E, Blankstein, R, Bloom, S, Blue, S, Bluemke, D, Borges, A, Branch, K, Bravo, P, Brothers, J, Budoff, M, Bullock-Palmer, R, Burandt, A, Burke, F, Bush, K, Candela, C, Capasso, E, Cavalcante, J, Chang, D, Chatterjee, S, Chatzizisis, Y, Cheezum, M, Chen, T, Chen, J, Chen, M, Choi, A, Clarcq, J, Cordero, A, Crim, M, Danciu, S, Decter, B, Dhruva, N, Doherty, N, Doukky, R, Dunbar, A, Duvall, W, Edwards, R, Esquitin, K, Farah, H, Fentanes, E, Ferencik, M, Fisher, D, Fitzpatrick, D, Foster, C, Fuisz, T, Gannon, M, Gastner, L, Gerson, M, Ghoshhajra, B, Goldberg, A, Goldner, B, Gonzalez, J, Gore, R, Gracia-Lopez, S, Hage, F, Haider, A, Haider, S, Hamirani, Y, Hassen, K, Hatfield, M, Hawkins, C, Hawthorne, K, Heath, N, Hendel, R, Hernandez, P, Hill, G, Horgan, S, Huffman, J, Hurwitz, L, Iskandrian, A, Janardhanan, R, Jellis, C, Jerome, S, Kalra, D, Kaviratne, S, Kay, F, Kelly, F, Khalique, O, Kinkhabwala, M, Iii, G, Kircher, J, Kirkbride, R, Kontos, M, Kottam, A, Krepp, J, Layer, J, Lee, S, Leppo, J, Lesser, J, Leung, S, Lewin, H, Litmanovich, D, Liu, Y, Lopez-Mattei, J, Magurany, K, Markowitz, J, Marn, A, Matis, S, Mckenna, M, Mcrae, T, Mendoza, F, Merhige, M, Min, D, Moffitt, C, Moncher, K, Moore, W, Morayati, S, Morris, M, Mossa-Basha, M, Mrsic, Z, Murthy, V, Nagpal, P, Napier, K, Narula, J, Nelson, K, Nijjar, P, Osman, M, Parwani, P, Passen, E, Patel, A, Patil, P, Paul, R, Phillips, L, Polsani, V, Poludasu, R, Pomerantz, B, Porter, T, Prentice, R, Pursnani, A, Rabbat, M, Ramamurti, S, Rich, F, Luna, H, Robinson, A, Robles, K, Rodriguez, C, Rorie, M, Rumberger, J, Russell, R, Sabra, P, Sadler, D, Schemmer, M, Schoepf, U, Shah, S, Shah, N, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Shayani, S, Shirani, J, Shivaram, P, Sigman, S, Simon, M, Slim, A, Smith, D, Smith, A, Soman, P, Srichai-Parsia, M, Streeter, J, Albert, T, Tawakol, A, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Torbet, T, Trinidad, D, Ullery, S, Unzek, S, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Verma, V, Waller, A, Wang, E, Ward, P, Weissman, G, Wesbey, G, White, K, Winchester, D, Wolinsky, D, Yost, S, Zgaljardic, M, Alonso, O, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Ngoc, H, Mai, S, Nguyen, X, Williams M. C., Shaw L., Hirschfeld C. B., Maurovich-Horvat P., Norgaard B. L., Pontone G., Jimenez-Heffernan A., Sinitsyn V., Sergienko V., Ansheles A., Bax J. J., Buechel R., Milan E., Slart R. H. J. A., Nicol E., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Pynda Y., Better N., Cerci R., Dorbala S., Raggi P., Villines T. C., Vitola J., Malkovskiy E., Goebel B., Cohen Y., Randazzo M., Pascual T. N. B., Dondi M., Paez D., Einstein A. J., Nasery M. N., Goda A., Shirka E., Benlabgaa R., Bouyoucef S., Medjahedi A., Nailli Q., Agolti M., Aguero R. N., Del Carmen Alak M., Alberguina L. G., Arronada G., Astesiano A., Norton C. B., Benteo P., Blanco J., Bonelli J. M., Bustos J. J., Cabrejas R., Cachero J., Campisi R., Canderoli A., Carames S., Carrascosa P., Castro R., Cendoya O., Cognigni L. M., Collaud C., Cortes C., Courtis J., Cragnolino D., Daicz M., De La Vega A., De Maria S. T., Del Riego H., Dettori F., Deviggiano A., Dragonetti L., Embon M., Enriquez R. E., Ensinas J., Faccio F., Facello A., Garofalo D., Geronazzo R., Gonza N., Gutierrez L., Guzzo M. A., Hasbani V., Huerin M., Jager V., Lewkowicz J. M., De Munain M. N. A. L., Lotti J. M., Marquez A., Masoli O., Masoli O. H., Mastrovito E., Mayoraz M., Melado G. E., Mele A., Merani M. F., Meretta A. H., Molteni S., Montecinos M., Noguera E., Novoa C., Sueldo C. P., Ascani S. P., Pollono P., Pujol M. P., Radzinschi A., Raimondi G., Redruello M., Rodriguez M., Romero R. L., Acuna A. R., Rovaletti F., Miguel L. S., Solari L., Strada B., Traverso S., Traverzo S. S., Del Huerto Velazquez Espeche M., Weihmuller J. S., Wolcan J., Zeffiro S., Sakanyan M., Beuzeville S., Boktor R., Butler P., Calcott J., Carr L., Chan V., Chao C., Chong W., Dobson M., Downie D., Dwivedi G., Elison B., Engela J., Francis R., Gaikwad A., Basavaraj A. G., Goodwin B., Greenough R., Hamilton-Craig C., Hsieh V., Joshi S., Lederer K., Lee K., Lee J., Magnussen J., Mai N., Mander G., Murton F., Nandurkar D., Neill J., O'Rourke E., O'Sullivan P., Pandos G., Pathmaraj K., Pitman A., Poulter R., Premaratne M., Prior D., Ridley L., Rutherford N., Salehi H., Saunders C., Scarlett L., Seneviratne S., Shetty D., Shrestha G., Shulman J., Solanki V., Stanton T., Stuart M., Stubbs M., Swainson I., Taubman K., Taylor A., Thomas P., Unger S., Upton A., Vamadevan S., Van Gaal W., Verjans J., Voutnis D., Wayne V., Wilson P., Wong D., Wong K., Younger J., Feuchtner G., Mirzaei S., Weiss K., Maroz-Vadalazhskaya N., Gheysens O., Homans F., Moreno-Reyes R., Pasquet A., Roelants V., Van De Heyning C. M., Rios R. A., Soldat-Stankovic V., Stankovic S., Siqueira M. H. A., Almeida A., Togni P. H. A., Andrade J. H., Andrade L., Anselmi C., Araujo R., Azevedo G., Bezerra S., Biancardi R., Grossman G. B., Brandao S., Pianta D. B., Carreira L., Castro B., Chang T., Cunali F., Cury R., Dantas R., De Amorim Fernandes F., De Lorenzo A., De MacEdo Filho R., Erthal F., Fernandes F., Fernandes J., De Souza T. F., Alves W. F., Ghini B., Goncalves L., Gottlieb I., Hadlich M., Kameoka V., Lima R., Lima A., Lopes R. W., E Silva R. M., Magalhaes T., Silva F. M., Mastrocola L. E., Medeiros F., Meneghetti J. C., Naue V., Naves D., Nolasco R., Nomura C., Oliveira J. B., Paixao E., De Carvalho F. P., Pinto I., Possetti P., Quinta M., Ramos R. R. N., Rocha R., Rodrigues A., Rodrigues C., Romantini L., Sanches A., Santana S., Da Silva L. S., Schvartzman P., Matushita C. S., Senra T., Shiozaki A., De Siqueira M. E. M., Siqueira C., Smanio P., Soares C. E., Soares J., Bittencourt M. S., Spiro B., Mesquita C. T., Torreao J., Torres R., Uellendahl M., Monte G. U., Verissimo O., Cabeda E. V., Pedras F. V., Waltrick R., Zapparoli M., Naseer H., Garcheva-Tsacheva M., Kostadinova I., Theng Y., Abikhzer G., Barette R., Chow B., Dabreo D., Friedrich M., Garg R., Hafez M. N., Johnson C., Kiess M., Leipsic J., Leung E., Miller R., Oikonomou A., Probst S., Roifman I., Small G., Tandon V., Trivedi A., White J., Zukotynski K., Canessa J., Munoz G. C., Concha C., Hidalgo P., Lovera C., Massardo T., Vargas L. S., Abad P., Arturo H., Ayala S., Benitez L., Cadena A., Caicedo C., Moncayo A. C., Gomez S., Villamil C. T. G., Jaimes C., Londono J., Blair J. L. L., Pabon L., Pineda M., Rojas J. C., Ruiz D., Escobar M. V., Vasquez A., Vergel D., Zuluaga A., Gamboa I. B., Castro G., Gonzalez U., Baric A., Batinic T., Franceschi M., Hrabak M., Jukic M., Medakovic P., Persic V., Prpic M., Punda A., Batista J. F., Lauchy J. M. G., Gutierrez Y. M., Menendez R., Peix A., Rochela L., Panagidis C., Petrou I., Engelmann V., Kaminek M., Kincl V., Lang O., Simanek M., Abdulla J., Bottcher M., Christensen M., Gormsen L. C., Hasbak P., Hess S., Holdgaard P., Johansen A., Kyhl K., Ovrehus K. A., Sand N. P. R., Steffensen R., Thomassen A., Zerahn B., Perez A., Velez G. A. E., Velez M. S., Aziz I. S. A., Abougabal M., Ahmed T., Allam A., Asfour A., Hassan M., Hassan A., Ibrahim A., Kaffas S., Kandeel A., Ali M. M., Mansy A., Maurice H., Nabil S., Shaaban M., Flores A. C., Poksi A., Knuuti J., Kokkonen V., Larikka M., Uusitalo V., Bailly M., Burg S., Deux J. -F., Habouzit V., Hyafil F., Lairez O., Proffit F., Regaieg H., Sarda-Mantel L., Tacher V., Schneider R. P., Ayetey H., Angelidis G., Archontaki A., Chatziioannou S., Datseris I., Fragkaki C., Georgoulias P., Koukouraki S., Koutelou M., Kyrozi E., Repasos E., Stavrou P., Valsamaki P., Gonzalez C., Gutierrez G., Maldonado A., Buga K., Garai I., Schmidt E., Szilveszter B., Varady E., Banthia N., Bhagat J. K., Bhargava R., Bhat V., Bhatia M., Choudhury P., Chowdekar V. S., Irodi A., Jain S., Joseph E., Kumar S., Mahapatra G., Mitra D., Mittal B. R., Ozair A., Patel C., Patel T., Patel R., Patel S., Saxena S., Sengupta S., Singh S., Singh B., Sood A., Verma A., Affandi E., Alam P. S., Edison E., Gunawan G., Hapkido H., Hidayat B., Huda A., Mukti A. P., Prawiro D., Soeriadi E. A., Syawaluddin H., Albadr A., Assadi M., Emami F., Houshmand G., Maleki M., Rostami M. T., Zakavi S. R., Zaid E. A., Agranovich S., Arnson Y., Bar-Shalom R., Frenkel A., Knafo G., Lugassi R., Moalem I. S. M., Mor M., Muskal N., Ranser S., Shalev A., Albano D., Alongi P., Arnone G., Bagatin E., Baldari S., Bauckneht M., Bertelli P., Bianco F., Bonfiglioli R., Boni R., Bruno A., Bruno I., Busnardo E., Califaretti E., Camoni L., Carnevale A., Casoni R., Cavallo A. U., Cavenaghi G., Chierichetti F., Chiocchi M., Cittanti C., Colletta M., Conti U., Cossu A., Cuocolo A., Cuzzocrea M., De Rimini M. L., De Vincentis G., Del Giudice E., Del Torto A., Della Tommasina V., Durmo R., Erba P. A., Evangelista L., Faletti R., Faragasso E., Farsad M., Ferro P., Florimonte L., Frantellizzi V., Fringuelli F. M., Gatti M., Gaudiano A., Gimelli A., Giubbini R., Giuffrida F., Ialuna S., Laudicella R., Leccisotti L., Leva L., Liga R., Liguori C., Longo G., Maffione M., Mancini M. E., Marcassa C., Nardi B., Pacella S., Pepe G., Pulizzi S., Quartuccio N., Rampin L., Ricci F., Rossini P., Rubini G., Russo V., Sacchetti G. M., Sambuceti G., Scarano M., Sciagra R., Sperandio M., Stefanelli A., Ventroni G., Zoboli S., Baugh D., Chambers D., Madu E., Nunura F., Asano H., Chimura C. M., Fujimoto S., Fujisue K., Fukunaga T., Fukushima Y., Fukuyama K., Hashimoto J., Ichikawa Y., Iguchi N., Imai M., Inaki A., Ishimura H., Isobe S., Kadokami T., Kato T., Kudo T., Kumita S., Maruno H., Mataki H., Miyagawa M., Morimoto R., Moroi M., Nagamachi S., Nakajima K., Nakata T., Nakazato R., Nanasato M., Naya M., Norikane T., Ohta Y., Okayama S., Okizaki A., Otomi Y., Otsuka H., Saito M., Sakata S. Y., Sarai M., Sato D., Shiraishi S., Suwa Y., Takanami K., Takehana K., Taki J., Tamaki N., Taniguchi Y., Teragawa H., Tomizawa N., Tsujita K., Umeji K., Wakabayashi Y., Yamada S., Yamazaki S., Yoneyama T., Rawashdeh M., Batyrkhanov D., Dautov T., Makhdomi K., Ombati K., Alkandari F., Garashi M., Coie T. L., Rajvong S., Kalinin A., Kalnina M., Haidar M., Komiagiene R., Kviecinskiene G., Mataciunas M., Vajauskas D., Picard C., Karim N. K. A., Reichmuth L., Samuel A., Allarakha M. A., Naojee A. S., Alexanderson-Rosas E., Barragan E., Becerril A., Cabada M., Rodriguez D. C., Carvajal-Juarez I., Cortes V., Cortes F., De La Pena E., Gama-Moreno M., Gonzalez L., Ramirez N. G., Jimenez-Santos M., Matos L., Monroy E., Morelos M., Ornelas M., Ramirez J. A. O., Preciado-Anaya A., Preciado-Gutierrez O. U., Barragan A. P., Uvera S. G. R., Sandoval S., Tomas M. S., Sierra-Galan L. M., Siu S., Vallejo E., Valles M., Faraggi M., Sereegotov E., Ilic S., Ben-Rais N., Alaoui N. I., Taleb S., Myo K. P. P., Thu P. S., Ghimire R. K., Rajbanshi B., Barneveld P., Glaudemans A., Habets J., Koopmans K. P., Manders J., Pool S., Scholte A., Scholtens A., Slart R., Thimister P., Van Asperen E. -J., Veltman N., Verschure D., Wagenaar N., Edmond J., Ellis C., Johnson K., Keenan R., Kueh S. H., Occleshaw C., Sasse A., To A., Van Pelt N., Young C., Cuadra T., Vanegas H. B. R., Soli I. A., Issoufou D. M., Ayodele T., Madu C., Onimode Y., Efros-Monsen E., Forsdahl S. H., Dimmen J. -M. H., Jorgensen A., Krohn I., Lovhaugen P., Braten A. T., Al Dhuhli H., Al Kindi F., Al-Bulushi N., Jawa Z., Tag N., Afzal M. S., Fatima S., Younis M. N., Riaz M., Saadullah M., Herrera Y., Lenturut-Katal D., Vazquez M. C., Ortellado J., Akhter A., Cao D., Cheung S., Dai X., Gong L., Han D., Hou Y., Li C., Li T., Li D., Li S., Liu J., Liu H., Lu B., Ng M. Y., Sun K., Tang G., Wang J., Wang X., Wang Z. -Q., Wang Y., Wu J., Wu Z., Xia L., Xiao J., Xu L., Yang Y., Yin W., Yu J., Yuan L., Zhang T., Zhang L., Zhang Y. -G., Zhang X., Zhu L., Alfaro A., Abrihan P., Barroso A., Cruz E., Gomez M. R., Magboo V. P., Medina J. M., Obaldo J., Pastrana D., Pawhay C. M., Quinon A., Tang J. M., Tecson B., Uson K. J., Uy M., Kostkiewicz M., Kunikowska J., Bettencourt N., Cantinho G., Ferreira A., Syed G., Arnous S., Atyani S., Byrne A., Gleeson T., Kerins D., Meehan C., Murphy D., Murphy M., Murray J., O'Brien J., Bang J. -I., Bom H., Cho S. -G., Hong C. M., Jang S. J., Jeong Y. H., Kang W. J., Kim J. -Y., Namgung C. K., So Y., Won K. S., Majstorov V., Vavlukis M., Salobir B. G., Stalc M., Benedek T., Benedek I., Mititelu R., Stan C. A., Dariy O., Drozdova O., Gagarina N., Gulyaev V. M., Itskovich I., Karalkin A., Kokov A., Migunova E., Pospelov V., Ryzhkova D., Saifullina G., Sazonova S., Shurupova I., Trifonova T., Ussov W. Y., Vakhromeeva M., Valiullina N., Zavadovsky K., Zhuravlev K., Alasnag M., Okarvi S., Saranovic D. S., Keng F., See J. H. J., Sekar R., Yew M. S., Vondrak A., Bejai S., Bennie G., Bester R., Engelbrecht G., Evbuomwan O., Gongxeka H., Vuuren M. J., Kaplan M., Khushica P., Lakhi H., Louw L., Malan N., Milos K., Modiselle M., More S., Naidoo M., Scholtz L., Vangu M., Aguade-Bruix S., Blanco I., Cabrera A., Camarero A., Casans-Tormo I., Cuellar-Calabria H., Flotats A., Canamero M. E. F., Garcia M. E., Leta R., Diaz J. L., Lumbreras L., Marquez-Cabeza J. J., Martin F., De Alegria A. M., Medina F., Canal M. P., Peiro V., Pubul-Nunez V., Madrid J. I. R., Rey C. R., Perez R. R., Ruiz J., Hernandez G. S., Sevilla A., Zeidan N., Nanayakkara D., Udugama C., Simonsson M., Alkadhi H., Buechel R. R., Burger P., Ceriani L., De Boeck B., Grani C., De Saint Lager Lucas A. J., Kamani C. H., Kawel-Boehm N., Manka R., Prior J. O., Rominger A., Vallee J. -P., Khiewvan B., Premprabha T., Thientunyakit T., Sellem A., Kir K. M., Sayman H., Sebikali M. J., Muyinda Z., Kmetyuk Y., Korol P., Mykhalchenko O., Pliatsek V., Satyr M., Albalooshi B., Hassan M. I. A., Anderson J., Bedi P., Biggans T., Bularga A., Bull R., Burgul R., Carpenter J. -P., Coles D., Cusack D., Deshpande A., Dougan J., Fairbairn T., Farrugia A., Gopalan D., Gummow A., Ramkumar P. G., Hamilton M., Harbinson M., Hartley T., Hudson B., Joshi N., Kay M., Kelion A., Khokhar A., Kitt J., Low C., Mak S. M., Marousa N., Martin J., McAlindon E., Menezes L., Morgan-Hughes G., Moss A., Murray A., Patel D., Peebles C., Pugliese F., Rodrigues J. C. L., Rofe C., Sabharwal N., Schofield R., Semple T., Sharma N., Strouhal P., Subedi D., Topping W., Tweed K., Weir-Mccall J., Abbara S., Abbasi T., Abbott B., Abohashem S., Abramson S., Al-Abboud T., Al-Mallah M., Almousalli O., Ananthasubramaniam K., Kumar M. A., Askew J., Attanasio L., Balmer-Swain M., Bayer R. R., Bernheim A., Bhatti S., Bieging E., Blankstein R., Bloom S., Blue S., Bluemke D., Borges A., Branch K., Bravo P., Brothers J., Budoff M., Bullock-Palmer R., Burandt A., Burke F. W., Bush K., Candela C., Capasso E., Cavalcante J., Chang D., Chatterjee S., Chatzizisis Y., Cheezum M., Chen T., Chen J., Chen M., Choi A., Clarcq J., Cordero A., Crim M., Danciu S., Decter B., Dhruva N., Doherty N., Doukky R., Dunbar A., Duvall W., Edwards R., Esquitin K., Farah H., Fentanes E., Ferencik M., Fisher D., Fitzpatrick D., Foster C., Fuisz T., Gannon M., Gastner L., Gerson M., Ghoshhajra B., Goldberg A., Goldner B., Gonzalez J., Gore R., Gracia-Lopez S., Hage F., Haider A., Haider S., Hamirani Y., Hassen K., Hatfield M., Hawkins C., Hawthorne K., Heath N., Hendel R., Hernandez P., Hill G., Horgan S., Huffman J., Hurwitz L., Iskandrian A., Janardhanan R., Jellis C., Jerome S., Kalra D., Kaviratne S., Kay F., Kelly F., Khalique O., Kinkhabwala M., Iii G. K., Kircher J., Kirkbride R., Kontos M., Kottam A., Krepp J., Layer J., Lee S. H., Leppo J., Lesser J., Leung S., Lewin H., Litmanovich D., Liu Y., Lopez-Mattei J., Magurany K., Markowitz J., Marn A., Matis S. E., McKenna M., McRae T., Mendoza F., Merhige M., Min D., Moffitt C., Moncher K., Moore W., Morayati S., Morris M., Mossa-Basha M., Mrsic Z., Murthy V., Nagpal P., Napier K., Narula J., Nelson K., Nijjar P., Osman M., Parwani P., Passen E., Patel A., Patil P., Paul R., Phillips L., Polsani V., Poludasu R., Pomerantz B., Porter T., Prentice R., Pursnani A., Rabbat M., Ramamurti S., Rich F., Luna H. R., Robinson A., Robles K., Rodriguez C., Rorie M., Rumberger J., Russell R., Sabra P., Sadler D., Schemmer M., Schoepf U. J., Shah S., Shah N., Shanbhag S., Sharma G., Shayani S., Shirani J., Shivaram P., Sigman S., Simon M., Slim A., Smith D., Smith A., Soman P., Srichai-Parsia M. B., Streeter J., Albert T., Tawakol A., Thomas D., Thompson R., Torbet T., Trinidad D., Ullery S., Unzek S., Uretsky S., Vallurupalli S., Verma V., Waller A., Wang E., Ward P., Weissman G., Wesbey G., White K., Winchester D., Wolinsky D., Yost S., Zgaljardic M., Alonso O., Beretta M., Ferrando R., Kapitan M., Mut F., Djuraev O., Rozikhodjaeva G., Ngoc H. L., Mai S. H., and Nguyen X. C.
- Abstract
Objectives We aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac diagnostic testing and practice and to assess its impact in different regions in Europe. Methods The online survey organised by the International Atomic Energy Agency Division of Human Health collected information on changes in cardiac imaging procedural volumes between March 2019 and March/April 2020. Data were collected from 909 centres in 108 countries. Results Centres in Northern and Southern Europe were more likely to cancel all outpatient activities compared with Western and Eastern Europe. There was a greater reduction in total procedure volumes in Europe compared with the rest of the world in March 2020 (45% vs 41%, p=0.003), with a more marked reduction in Southern Europe (58%), but by April 2020 this was similar in Europe and the rest of the world (69% vs 63%, p=0.261). Regional variations were apparent between imaging modalities, but the largest reductions were in Southern Europe for nearly all modalities. In March 2020, location in Southern Europe was the only independent predictor of the reduction in procedure volume. However, in April 2020, lower gross domestic product and higher COVID-19 deaths were the only independent predictors. Conclusion The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on care of patients with cardiac disease, with substantial regional variations in Europe. This has potential long-term implications for patients and plans are required to enable the diagnosis of non-COVID- 19 conditions during the ongoing pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
4. Non-Calcified Plaque Burden Is Associated With Increased Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events In A High Risk Appalachian Population With Low Coronary Artery Calcium Scores (0-100).
- Author
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Miller, T., Hendricks, E., Berzingi, S., Mensah, S., Watson, H., Borkowski, N., Ahmad, S., Avalon, J., Hamirani, Y., and Mills, J.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Impact of COVID-19 on the imaging diagnosis of cardiac disease in Europe
- Author
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Williams M. C., Shaw L., Hirschfeld C. B., Maurovich-Horvat P., Norgaard B. L., Pontone G., Jimenez-Heffernan A., Sinitsyn V., Sergienko V., Ansheles A., Bax J. J., Buechel R., Milan E., Slart R. H. J. A., Nicol E., Bucciarelli-Ducci C., Pynda Y., Better N., Cerci R., Dorbala S., Raggi P., Villines T. C., Vitola J., Malkovskiy E., Goebel B., Cohen Y., Randazzo M., Pascual T. N. B., Dondi M., Paez D., Einstein A. J., Nasery M. N., Goda A., Shirka E., Benlabgaa R., Bouyoucef S., Medjahedi A., Nailli Q., Agolti M., Aguero R. N., Del Carmen Alak M., Alberguina L. G., Arronada G., Astesiano A., Norton C. B., Benteo P., Blanco J., Bonelli J. M., Bustos J. J., Cabrejas R., Cachero J., Campisi R., Canderoli A., Carames S., Carrascosa P., Castro R., Cendoya O., Cognigni L. M., Collaud C., Cortes C., Courtis J., Cragnolino D., Daicz M., De La Vega A., De Maria S. T., Del Riego H., Dettori F., Deviggiano A., Dragonetti L., Embon M., Enriquez R. E., Ensinas J., Faccio F., Facello A., Garofalo D., Geronazzo R., Gonza N., Gutierrez L., Guzzo M. A., Hasbani V., Huerin M., Jager V., Lewkowicz J. M., De Munain M. N. A. L., Lotti J. M., Marquez A., Masoli O., Masoli O. H., Mastrovito E., Mayoraz M., Melado G. E., Mele A., Merani M. F., Meretta A. H., Molteni S., Montecinos M., Noguera E., Novoa C., Sueldo C. P., Ascani S. P., Pollono P., Pujol M. P., Radzinschi A., Raimondi G., Redruello M., Rodriguez M., Romero R. L., Acuna A. R., Rovaletti F., Miguel L. S., Solari L., Strada B., Traverso S., Traverzo S. S., Del Huerto Velazquez Espeche M., Weihmuller J. S., Wolcan J., Zeffiro S., Sakanyan M., Beuzeville S., Boktor R., Butler P., Calcott J., Carr L., Chan V., Chao C., Chong W., Dobson M., Downie D., Dwivedi G., Elison B., Engela J., Francis R., Gaikwad A., Basavaraj A. 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A, Dougan, J, Fairbairn, T, Farrugia, A, Gopalan, D, Gummow, A, Ramkumar, P, Hamilton, M, Harbinson, M, Hartley, T, Hudson, B, Joshi, N, Kay, M, Kelion, A, Khokhar, A, Kitt, J, Low, C, Mak, S, Marousa, N, Martin, J, Mcalindon, E, Menezes, L, Morgan-Hughes, G, Moss, A, Murray, A, Patel, D, Peebles, C, Pugliese, F, Rodrigues, J, Rofe, C, Sabharwal, N, Schofield, R, Semple, T, Sharma, N, Strouhal, P, Subedi, D, Topping, W, Tweed, K, Weir-Mccall, J, Abbara, S, Abbasi, T, Abbott, B, Abohashem, S, Abramson, S, Al-Abboud, T, Al-Mallah, M, Almousalli, O, Ananthasubramaniam, K, Kumar, M, Askew, J, Attanasio, L, Balmer-Swain, M, Bayer, R, Bernheim, A, Bhatti, S, Bieging, E, Blankstein, R, Bloom, S, Blue, S, Bluemke, D, Borges, A, Branch, K, Bravo, P, Brothers, J, Budoff, M, Bullock-Palmer, R, Burandt, A, Burke, F, Bush, K, Candela, C, Capasso, E, Cavalcante, J, Chang, D, Chatterjee, S, Chatzizisis, Y, Cheezum, M, Chen, T, Chen, J, Chen, M, Choi, A, Clarcq, J, Cordero, A, Crim, M, Danciu, S, 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P, Osman, M, Parwani, P, Passen, E, Patel, A, Patil, P, Paul, R, Phillips, L, Polsani, V, Poludasu, R, Pomerantz, B, Porter, T, Prentice, R, Pursnani, A, Rabbat, M, Ramamurti, S, Rich, F, Luna, H, Robinson, A, Robles, K, Rodriguez, C, Rorie, M, Rumberger, J, Russell, R, Sabra, P, Sadler, D, Schemmer, M, Schoepf, U, Shah, S, Shah, N, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Shayani, S, Shirani, J, Shivaram, P, Sigman, S, Simon, M, Slim, A, Smith, D, Smith, A, Soman, P, Srichai-Parsia, M, Streeter, J, Albert, T, Tawakol, A, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Torbet, T, Trinidad, D, Ullery, S, Unzek, S, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Verma, V, Waller, A, Wang, E, Ward, P, Weissman, G, Wesbey, G, White, K, Winchester, D, Wolinsky, D, Yost, S, Zgaljardic, M, Alonso, O, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Ngoc, H, Mai, S, Nguyen, X, Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE), Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)
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INCAPS COVID Investigators Group ,cardiac imaging techniques ,Settore MED/11 - Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare ,Practice Patterns ,Disease ,Cardiovascular ,coronary artery disease ,COVID-19 ,Cardiac Imaging Techniques ,Cardiologists ,Europe ,Health Care Surveys ,Healthcare Disparities ,Heart Diseases ,Humans ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Gross domestic product ,Human health ,cardiovascular disease ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,cardiovascular imaging ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina ,cardiac imaging technique ,Predictive value of tests ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija ,cardiac disease ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Independent predictor ,cardiac imaging ,NO ,Imaging diagnosis ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine ,Physicians' ,business.industry ,BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology ,RC666-701 ,HOSPITALIZATIONS ,business ,Health Care Delivery, Economics and Global Health Care ,Demography - Abstract
ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac diagnostic testing and practice and to assess its impact in different regions in Europe.MethodsThe online survey organised by the International Atomic Energy Agency Division of Human Health collected information on changes in cardiac imaging procedural volumes between March 2019 and March/April 2020. Data were collected from 909 centres in 108 countries.ResultsCentres in Northern and Southern Europe were more likely to cancel all outpatient activities compared with Western and Eastern Europe. There was a greater reduction in total procedure volumes in Europe compared with the rest of the world in March 2020 (45% vs 41%, p=0.003), with a more marked reduction in Southern Europe (58%), but by April 2020 this was similar in Europe and the rest of the world (69% vs 63%, p=0.261). Regional variations were apparent between imaging modalities, but the largest reductions were in Southern Europe for nearly all modalities. In March 2020, location in Southern Europe was the only independent predictor of the reduction in procedure volume. However, in April 2020, lower gross domestic product and higher COVID-19 deaths were the only independent predictors.ConclusionThe first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on care of patients with cardiac disease, with substantial regional variations in Europe. This has potential long-term implications for patients and plans are required to enable the diagnosis of non-COVID-19 conditions during the ongoing pandemic.
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- 2021
6. Association Of Stroke With Pattern Of Aortic Leaflet And Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Calcifications
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Brito, D., primary, Shotwell, M., additional, Agrawal, P., additional, Patibandla, S., additional, Kadiyala, M., additional, Hamirani, Y., additional, Daggubati, R., additional, Raybuck, B., additional, Kawsara, A., additional, and Zeb, I., additional
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- 2021
- Full Text
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7. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia: The IAEA INCAPS-COVID Study
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- Subjects
INCAPS COVID Investigators Group ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,positron emission tomography ,CTA ,SARS-CoV-2 ,cardiac testing ,invasive coronary angiography ,Prevention ,coronavirus ,coronavirus disease-19 ,COVID-19 ,global health ,Settore MED/11 - Malattie dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare ,cardiac magnetic resonance ,cardiovascular disease ,NO ,transthoracic echocardiography ,PET ,Good Health and Well Being ,severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 ,TTE ,ICA ,CMR ,computed tomographic angiography - Abstract
BackgroundThe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known.ObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia.MethodsThe International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison.ResultsProcedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April2020.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
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- 2021
8. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia
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Enriquez, Ruben Emilio, Ensinas, Jorge, Faccio, Fernando, Facello, Adolfo, Garofalo, Diego, Geronazzo, Ricardo, Gonza, Natalia, Gutierrez, Lucas, Guzzo, Miguel Angel, Hasbani, Victor, Huerin, Melina, Jäger, Victor, Lewkowicz, Julio Manuel, López De Munaín, Maria Nieves A., Lotti, Jose Maria, Marquez, Alejandra, Masoli, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio, Mastrovito, Edgardo, Mayoraz, Matias, Melado, Graciela Eva, Mele, Anibal, Merani, Maria Fernanda, Meretta, Alejandro Horacio, Molteni, Susana, Montecinos, Marcos, Noguera, Eduardo, Novoa, Carlos, Sueldo, Claudio Pereyra, Ascani, Sebastian Perez, Pollono, Pablo, Pujol, Maria Paula, Radzinschi, Alejandro, Raimondi, Gustavo, Redruello, Marcela, Rodríguez, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Romero, Romina Lorena, Acuña, Arturo Romero, Rovaletti, Federico, San Miguel, Lucas, Solari, Lucrecia, Strada, Bruno, Traverso, Sonia, Traverzo, Sonia Simona, Espeche, Maria del Huerto Velazquez, Weihmuller, Juan Sebastian, Wolcan, Juan, Zeffiro, Susana, Sakanyan, Mari, Beuzeville, Scott, Boktor, Raef, Butler, Patrick, Calcott, Jennifer, Carr, Loretta, Chan, Virgil, Chao, Charles, Chong, Woon, Dobson, Mark, Downie, D'Arne, Dwivedi, Girish, Elison, Barry, Engela, Jean, Francis, Roslyn, Gaikwad, Anand, Basavaraj, Ashok Gangasandra, Goodwin, Bruce, Greenough, Robert, Hamilton-Craig, Christian, Hsieh, Victar, Joshi, Subodh, Lederer, Karin, Lee, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Magnussen, John, Mai, Nghi, Mander, Gordon, Murton, Fiona, Nandurkar, Dee, Neill, Johanne, O'Rourke, Edward, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Pandos, George, Pathmaraj, Kunthi, Pitman, Alexander, Poulter, Rohan, Premaratne, Manuja, Prior, David, Ridley, Lloyd, Rutherford, Natalie, Salehi, Hamid, Saunders, Connor, Scarlett, Luke, Seneviratne, Sujith, Shetty, Deepa, Shrestha, Ganesh, Shulman, Jonathan, Solanki, Vijay, Stanton, Tony, Stuart, Murch, Stubbs, Michael, Swainson, Ian, Taubman, Kim, Taylor, Andrew, Thomas, Paul, Unger, Steven, Upton, Anthony, Vamadevan, Shankar, Van Gaal, William, Verjans, Johan, Voutnis, Demetrius, Wayne, Victor, Wilson, Peter, Wong, David, Wong, Kirby, Younger, John, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Mirzaei, Siroos, Weiss, Konrad, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Natallia, Gheysens, Olivier, Homans, Filip, Moreno-Reyes, Rodrigo, Pasquet, Agnès, Roelants, Veronique, Van De Heyning, Caroline M., Ríos, Raúl Araujo, Soldat-Stankovic, Valentina, Stankovic, Sinisa, Albernaz Siqueira, Maria Helena, Almeida, Augusto, Alves Togni, Paulo Henrique, Andrade, Jose Henrique, Andrade, Luciana, Anselmi, Carlos, Araújo, Roberta, Azevedo, Guilherme, Bezerra, Sabbrina, Biancardi, Rodrigo, Grossman, Gabriel Blacher, Brandão, Simone, Pianta, Diego Bromfman, Carreira, Lara, Castro, Bruno, Chang, Tien, Cunali, Fernando, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Roberto, de Amorim Fernandes, Fernando, De Lorenzo, Andrea, De Macedo Filho, Robson, Erthal, Fernanda, Fernandes, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, De Souza, Thiago Ferreira, Alves, Wilson Furlan, Ghini, Bruno, Goncalves, Luiz, Gottlieb, Ilan, Hadlich, Marcelo, Kameoka, Vinícius, Lima, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lopes, Rafael Willain, Machado e Silva, Ricardo, Magalhães, Tiago, Silva, Fábio Martins, Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo, Medeiros, Fábio, Meneghetti, José Claudio, Naue, Vania, Naves, Danilo, Nolasco, Roberto, Nomura, Cesar, Oliveira, Joao Bruno, Paixao, Eduardo, De Carvalho, Filipe Penna, Pinto, Ibraim, Possetti, Priscila, Quinta, Mayra, Nogueira Ramos, Rodrigo Rizzo, Rocha, Ricardo, Rodrigues, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Romantini, Leila, Sanches, Adelina, Santana, Sara, Sara da Silva, Leonardo, Schvartzman, Paulo, Matushita, Cristina Sebastião, Senra, Tiago, Shiozaki, Afonso, Menezes de Siqueira, Maria Eduarda, Siqueira, Cristiano, Smanio, Paola, Soares, Carlos Eduardo, Junior, José Soares, Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer, Spiro, Bernardo, Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco, Torreao, Jorge, Torres, Rafael, Uellendahl, Marly, Monte, Guilherme Urpia, Veríssimo, Otávia, Cabeda, Estevan Vieira, Pedras, Felipe Villela, Waltrick, Roberto, Zapparoli, Marcello, Naseer, Hamid, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Marina, Kostadinova, Irena, Theng, Youdaline, Abikhzer, Gad, Barette, Rene, Chow, Benjamin, Dabreo, Dominique, Friedrich, Matthias, Garg, Ria, Hafez, Mohammed Nassoh, Johnson, Chris, Kiess, Marla, Leipsic, Jonathon, Leung, Eugene, Miller, Robert, Oikonomou, Anastasia, Probst, Stephan, Roifman, Idan, Small, Gary, Tandon, Vikas, Trivedi, Adwait, White, James, Zukotynski, Katherine, Canessa, Jose, Muñoz, Gabriel Castro, Concha, Carmen, Hidalgo, Pablo, Lovera, Cesar, Massardo, Teresa, Vargas, Luis Salazar, Abad, Pedro, Arturo, Harold, Ayala, Sandra, Benitez, Luis, Cadena, Alberto, Caicedo, Carlos, Moncayo, Antonio Calderón, Gomez, Sharon, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Jaimes, Claudia, Londoño, Juan, Londoño Blair, Juan Luis, Pabon, Luz, Pineda, Mauricio, Rojas, Juan Carlos, Ruiz, Diego, Escobar, Manuel Valencia, Vasquez, Andres, Vergel, Damiana, Zuluaga, Alejandro, Gamboa, Isabel Berrocal, Castro, Gabriel, González, Ulises, Baric, Ana, Batinic, Tonci, Franceschi, Maja, Paar, Maja Hrabak, Jukic, Mladen, Medakovic, Petar, Persic, Viktor, Prpic, Marina, Punda, Ante, Batista, Juan Felipe, Gómez Lauchy, Juan Manuel, Gutierrez, Yamile Marcos, Menéndez, Rayner, Peix, Amalia, Rochela, Luis, Panagidis, Christoforos, Petrou, Ioannis, Engelmann, Vaclav, Kaminek, Milan, Kincl, Vladimír, Lang, Otto, Simanek, Milan, Abdulla, Jawdat, Bøttcher, Morten, Christensen, Mette, Gormsen, Lars Christian, Hasbak, Philip, Hess, Søren, Holdgaard, Paw, Johansen, Allan, Kyhl, Kasper, Norgaard, Bjarne Linde, Øvrehus, Kristian Altern, Rønnow Sand, Niels Peter, Steffensen, Rolf, Thomassen, Anders, Zerahn, Bo, Perez, Alfredo, Escorza Velez, Giovanni Alejandro, Velez, Mayra Sanchez, Abdel Aziz, Islam Shawky, Abougabal, Mahasen, Ahmed, Taghreed, Allam, Adel, Asfour, Ahmed, Hassan, Mona, Hassan, Alia, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Kaffas, Sameh, Kandeel, Ahmed, Ali, Mohamed Mandour, Mansy, Ahmad, Maurice, Hany, Nabil, Sherif, Shaaban, Mahmoud, Flores, Ana Camila, Poksi, Anne, Knuuti, Juhani, Kokkonen, Velipekka, Larikka, Martti, Uusitalo, Valtteri, Bailly, Matthieu, Burg, Samuel, Deux, Jean-François, Habouzit, Vincent, Hyafil, Fabien, Lairez, Olivier, Proffit, Franck, Regaieg, Hamza, Sarda-Mantel, Laure, Tacher, Vania, Schneider, Roman P., Ayetey, Harold, Angelidis, George, Archontaki, Aikaterini, Chatziioannou, Sofia, Datseris, Ioannis, Fragkaki, Christina, Georgoulias, Panagiotis, Koukouraki, Sophia, Koutelou, Maria, Kyrozi, Eleni, Repasos, Evangelos, Stavrou, Petros, Valsamaki, Pipitsa, Gonzalez, Carla, Gutierrez, Goleat, Maldonado, Alejandro, Buga, Klara, Garai, Ildiko, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Schmidt, Erzsébet, Szilveszter, Balint, Várady, Edit, Banthia, Nilesh, Bhagat, Jinendra Kumar, Bhargava, Rishi, Bhat, Vivek, Choudhury, Partha, Chowdekar, Vijay Sai, Irodi, Aparna, Jain, Shashank, Joseph, Elizabeth, Kumar, Sukriti, Girijanandan Mahapatra, Prof Dr, Mitra, Deepanjan, Mittal, Bhagwant Rai, Ozair, Ahmad, Patel, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Ravi, Patel, Shivani, Saxena, Sudhir, Sengupta, Shantanu, Singh, Santosh, Singh, Bhanupriya, Sood, Ashwani, Verma, Atul, Affandi, Erwin, Alam, Padma Savenadia, Edison, Edison, Gunawan, Gani, Hapkido, Habusari, Hidayat, Basuki, Huda, Aulia, Mukti, Anggoro Praja, Prawiro, Djoko, Soeriadi, Erwin Affandi, Syawaluddin, Hilman, Albadr, Amjed, Assadi, Majid, Emami, Farshad, Houshmand, Golnaz, Maleki, Majid, Rostami, Maryam Tajik, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zaid, Eed Abu, Agranovich, Svetlana, Arnson, Yoav, Bar-Shalom, Rachel, Frenkel, Alex, Knafo, Galit, Lugassi, Rachel, Maor Moalem, Israel Shlomo, Mor, Maya, Muskal, Noam, Ranser, Sara, Shalev, Aryeh, Albano, Domenico, Alongi, Pierpaolo, Arnone, Gaspare, Bagatin, Elisa, Baldari, Sergio, Bauckneht, Matteo, Bertelli, Paolo, Bianco, Francesco, Bonfiglioli, Rachele, Boni, Roberto, Bruno, Andrea, Bruno, Isabella, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Elena, Camoni, Luca, Carnevale, Aldo, Casoni, Roberta, Cavallo, Armando Ugo, Cavenaghi, Giorgio, Chierichetti, Franca, Chiocchi, Marcello, Cittanti, Corrado, Colletta, Mauro, Conti, Umberto, Cossu, Alberto, Cuocolo, Alberto, Cuzzocrea, Marco, De Rimini, Maria Luisa, De Vincentis, Giuseppe, Del Giudice, Eleonora, Del Torto, Alberico, Della Tommasina, Veronica, Durmo, Rexhep, Erba, Paola Anna, Evangelista, Laura, Faletti, Riccardo, Faragasso, Evelina, Farsad, Mohsen, Ferro, Paola, Florimonte, Luigia, Frantellizzi, Viviana, Fringuelli, Fabio Massimo, Gatti, Marco, Gaudiano, Angela, Gimelli, Alessia, Giubbini, Raffaele, Giuffrida, Francesca, Ialuna, Salvatore, Laudicella, Riccardo, Leccisotti, Lucia, Leva, Lucia, Liga, Riccardo, Liguori, Carlo, Longo, Giampiero, Maffione, Margherita, Mancini, Maria Elisabetta, Marcassa, Claudio, Milan, Elisa, Nardi, Barbara, Pacella, Sara, Pepe, Giovanna, Pontone, Gianluca, Pulizzi, Sabina, Quartuccio, Natale, Rampin, Lucia, Ricci, Fabrizio, Rossini, Pierluigi, Rubini, Giuseppe, Russo, Vincenzo, Sacchetti, Gian Mauro, Sambuceti, Gianmario, Scarano, Massimo, Sciagrà, Roberto, Sperandio, Massimiliano, Stefanelli, Antonella, Ventroni, Guido, Zoboli, Stefania, Baugh, Dainia, Chambers, Duane, Madu, Ernest, Nunura, Felix, Asano, Hiroshi, Chimura, Chimura Misato, Fujimoto, Shinichiro, Fujisue, Koichiro, Fukunaga, Tomohisa, Fukushima, Yoshimitsu, Fukuyama, Kae, Hashimoto, Jun, Ichikawa, Yasutaka, Iguchi, Nobuo, Imai, Masamichi, Inaki, Anri, Ishimura, Hayato, Isobe, Satoshi, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Kato, Takao, Kumita, Shinichiro, Maruno, Hirotaka, Mataki, Hiroyuki, Miyagawa, Masao, Morimoto, Ryota, Moroi, Masao, Nagamachi, Shigeki, Nakajima, Kenichi, Nakata, Tomoaki, Nakazato, Ryo, Nanasato, Mamoru, Naya, Masanao, Norikane, Takashi, Ohta, Yasutoshi, Okayama, Satoshi, Okizaki, Atsutaka, Otomi, Yoichi, Otsuka, Hideki, Saito, Masaki, Sakata, Sakata Yasushi, Sarai, Masayoshi, Sato, Daisuke, Shiraishi, Shinya, Suwa, Yoshinobu, Takanami, Kentaro, Takehana, Kazuya, Taki, Junichi, Tamaki, Nagara, Taniguchi, Yasuyo, Teragawa, Hiroki, Tomizawa, Nobuo, Tsujita, Kenichi, Umeji, Kyoko, Wakabayashi, Yasushi, Yamada, Shinichiro, Yamazaki, Shinya, Yoneyama, Tatsuya, Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Batyrkhanov, Daultai, Makhdomi, Khalid, Ombati, Kevin, Alkandari, Faridah, Garashi, Masoud, Coie, Tchoyoson Lim, Rajvong, Sonexay, Kalinin, Artem, Kalnina, Marika, Haidar, Mohamad, Komiagiene, Renata, Kviecinskiene, Giedre, Mataciunas, Mindaugas, Vajauskas, Donatas, Picard, Christian, Karim, Noor Khairiah A., Reichmuth, Luise, Samuel, Anthony, Allarakha, Mohammad Aaftaab, Naojee, Ambedhkar Shantaram, Alexanderson-Rosas, Erick, Barragan, Erika, González-Montecinos, Alejandro Becerril, Cabada, Manuel, Rodriguez, Daniel Calderon, Carvajal-Juarez, Isabel, Cortés, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, De La Peña, Erasmo, Gama-Moreno, Manlio, González, Luis, Ramírez, Nelsy Gonzalez, Jiménez-Santos, Moisés, Matos, Luis, Monroy, Edgar, Morelos, Martha, Ornelas, Mario, Ortga Ramirez, Jose Alberto, Preciado-Anaya, Andrés, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Óscar Ulises, Barragan, Adriana Puente, Rosales Uvera, Sandra Graciela, Sandoval, Sigelinda, Tomas, Miguel Santaularia, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Siu, Silvia, Vallejo, Enrique, Valles, Mario, Faraggi, Marc, Sereegotov, Erdenechimeg, Ilic, Srdja, Ben-Rais, Nozha, Alaoui, Nadia Ismaili, Taleb, Sara, Pa Myo, Khin Pa, Thu, Phyo Si, Ghimire, Ram Kumar, Rajbanshi, Bijoy, Barneveld, Peter, Glaudemans, Andor, Habets, Jesse, Koopmans, Klaas Pieter, Manders, Jeroen, Pool, Stefan, Scholte, Arthur, Scholtens, Asbjørn, Slart, Riemer, Thimister, Paul, Van Asperen, Erik-Jan, Veltman, Niels, Verschure, Derk, Wagenaar, Nils, Edmond, John, Ellis, Chris, Johnson, Kerryanne, Keenan, Ross, Kueh, Shaw Hua (Anthony), Occleshaw, Christopher, Sasse, Alexander, To, Andrew, Van Pelt, Niels, Young, Calum, Cuadra, Teresa, Roque Vanegas, Hector Bladimir, Soli, Idrissa Adamou, Issoufou, Djibrillou Moussa, Ayodele, Tolulope, Madu, Chibuzo, Onimode, Yetunde, Efros-Monsen, Elen, Forsdahl, Signe Helene, Hildre Dimmen, Jenni-Mari, Jørgensen, Arve, Krohn, Isabel, Løvhaugen, Pål, Bråten, Anders Tjellaug, Al Dhuhli, Humoud, Al Kindi, Faiza, Al-Bulushi, Naeema, Jawa, Zabah, Tag, Naima, Afzal, Muhammad Shehzad, Fatima, Shazia, Younis, Muhammad Numair, Riaz, Musab, Saadullah, Mohammad, Herrera, Yariela, Lenturut-Katal, Dora, Vázquez, Manuel Castillo, Ortellado, José, Akhter, Afroza, Cao, Dianbo, Cheung, Stephen, Dai, Xu, Gong, Lianggeng, Han, Dan, Hou, Yang, Li, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Liu, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Ng, Ming Yen, Sun, Kai, Tang, Gongshun, Wang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wu, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Xia, Liming, Xiao, Jiangxi, Xu, Lei, Yang, Youyou, Yin, Wu, Yu, Jianqun, Yuan, Li, Zhang, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhu, Li, Alfaro, Ana, Abrihan, Paz, Barroso, Asela, Cruz, Eric, Gomez, Marie Rhiamar, Magboo, Vincent Peter, Medina, John Michael, Obaldo, Jerry, Pastrana, Davidson, Pawhay, Christian Michael, Quinon, Alvin, Tang, Jeanelle Margareth, Tecson, Bettina, Uson, Kristine Joy, Uy, Mila, Kostkiewicz, Magdalena, Kunikowska, Jolanta, Bettencourt, Nuno, Cantinho, Guilhermina, Ferreira, Antonio, Syed, Ghulam, Arnous, Samer, Atyani, Said, Byrne, Angela, Gleeson, Tadhg, Kerins, David, Meehan, Conor, Murphy, David, Murphy, Mark, Murray, John, O'Brien, Julie, Bang, Ji-In, Bom, Henry, Cho, Sang-Geon, Hong, Chae Moon, Jang, Su Jin, Jeong, Yong Hyu, Kang, Won Jun, Kim, Ji-Young, Lee, Jaetae, Namgung, Chang Kyeong, So, Young, Won, Kyoung Sook, Majstorov, Venjamin, Vavlukis, Marija, Salobir, Barbara Gužic, Štalc, Monika, Benedek, Theodora, Benedek, Imre, Mititelu, Raluca, Stan, Claudiu Adrian, Ansheles, Alexey, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Olga, Gagarina, Nina, Gulyaev, Vsevolod Milyevich, Itskovich, Irina, Karalkin, Anatoly, Kokov, Alexander, Migunova, Ekaterina, Pospelov, Viktor, Ryzhkova, Daria, Saifullina, Guzaliya, Sazonova, Svetlana, Sergienko, Vladimir, Shurupova, Irina, Trifonova, Tatjana, Ussov, Wladimir Yurievich, Vakhromeeva, Margarita, Valiullina, Nailya, Zavadovsky, Konstantin, Zhuravlev, Kirill, Okarvi, Subhani, Saranovic, Dragana Sobic, Keng, Felix, Jason See, Jia Hao, Sekar, Ramkumar, Yew, Min Sen, Vondrak, Andrej, Bejai, Shereen, Bennie, George, Bester, Ria, Engelbrecht, Gerrit, Evbuomwan, Osayande, Gongxeka, Harlem, Vuuren, Magritha Jv, Kaplan, Mitchell, Khushica, Purbhoo, Lakhi, Hoosen, Louw, Lizette, Malan, Nico, Milos, Katarina, Modiselle, Moshe, More, Stuart, Naidoo, Mathava, Scholtz, Leonie, Vangu, Mboyo, Aguadé-Bruix, Santiago, Blanco, Isabel, Cabrera, Antonio, Camarero, Alicia, Casáns-Tormo, Irene, Cuellar-Calabria, Hug, Flotats, Albert, Fuentes Cañamero, Maria Eugenia, García, María Elia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Amelia, Leta, Rubén, Diaz, Javier Lopez, Lumbreras, Luis, Marquez-Cabeza, Juan Javier, Martin, Francisco, Martinez de Alegria, Anxo, Medina, Francisco, Canal, Maria Pedrera, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Virginia, Rayo Madrid, Juan Ignacio, Rey, Cristina Rodríguez, Perez, Ricardo Ruano, Ruiz, Joaquín, Hernández, Gertrudis Sabatel, Sevilla, Ana, Zeidán, Nahla, Nanayakkara, Damayanthi, Udugama, Chandraguptha, Simonsson, Magnus, Alkadhi, Hatem, Buechel, Ronny Ralf, Burger, Peter, Ceriani, Luca, De Boeck, Bart, Gräni, Christoph, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Alix, Kamani, Christel H., Kawel-Boehm, Nadine, Manka, Robert, Prior, John O., Rominger, Axel, Vallée, Jean-Paul, Khiewvan, Benjapa, Premprabha, Teerapon, Thientunyakit, Tanyaluck, Sellem, Ali, Kir, Kemal Metin, Sayman, Haluk, Sebikali, Mugisha Julius, Muyinda, Zerida, Kmetyuk, Yaroslav, Korol, Pavlo, Mykhalchenko, Olena, Pliatsek, Volodymyr, Satyr, Maryna, Albalooshi, Batool, Ahmed Hassan, Mohamed Ismail, Anderson, Jill, Bedi, Punit, Biggans, Thomas, Bularga, Anda, Bull, Russell, Burgul, Rajesh, Carpenter, John-Paul, Coles, Duncan, Cusack, David, Deshpande, Aparna, Dougan, John, Fairbairn, Timothy, Farrugia, Alexia, Gopalan, Deepa, Gummow, Alistair, Ramkumar, Prasad Guntur, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Mark, Hartley, Thomas, Hudson, Benjamin, Joshi, Nikhil, Kay, Michael, Kelion, Andrew, Khokhar, Azhar, Kitt, Jamie, Lee, Ken, Low, Chen, Mak, Sze Mun, Marousa, Ntouskou, Martin, Jon, Mcalindon, Elisa, Menezes, Leon, Morgan-Hughes, Gareth, Moss, Alastair, Murray, Anthony, Nicol, Edward, Patel, Dilip, Peebles, Charles, Pugliese, Francesca, Luis Rodrigues, Jonathan Carl, Rofe, Christopher, Sabharwal, Nikant, Schofield, Rebecca, Semple, Thomas, Sharma, Naveen, Strouhal, Peter, Subedi, Deepak, Topping, William, Tweed, Katharine, Weir-Mccall, Jonathan, Abbara, Suhny, Abbasi, Taimur, Abbott, Brian, Abohashem, Shady, Abramson, Sandra, Al-Abboud, Tarek, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Almousalli, Omar, Ananthasubramaniam, Karthikeyan, Kumar, Mohan Ashok, Askew, Jeffrey, Attanasio, Lea, Balmer-Swain, Mallory, Bayer, Richard R., Bernheim, Adam, Bhatti, Sabha, Bieging, Erik, Blankstein, Ron, Bloom, Stephen, Blue, Sean, Bluemke, David, Borges, Andressa, Branch, Kelley, Bravo, Paco, Brothers, Jessica, Budoff, Matthew, Bullock-Palmer, Renée, Burandt, Angela, Burke, Floyd W., Bush, Kelvin, Candela, Candace, Capasso, Elizabeth, Cavalcante, Joao, Chang, Donald, Chatterjee, Saurav, Chatzizisis, Yiannis, Cheezum, Michael, Chen, Tiffany, Chen, Jennifer, Chen, Marcus, Clarcq, James, Cordero, Ayreen, Crim, Matthew, Danciu, Sorin, Decter, Bruce, Dhruva, Nimish, Doherty, Neil, Doukky, Rami, Dunbar, Anjori, Duvall, William, Edwards, Rachael, Esquitin, Kerry, Farah, Husam, Fentanes, Emilio, Ferencik, Maros, Fisher, Daniel, Fitzpatrick, Daniel, Foster, Cameron, Fuisz, Tony, Gannon, Michael, Gastner, Lori, Gerson, Myron, Ghoshhajra, Brian, Goldberg, Alan, Goldner, Brian, Gonzalez, Jorge, Gore, Rosco, Gracia-López, Sandra, Hage, Fadi, Haider, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Hamirani, Yasmin, Hassen, Karen, Hatfield, Mallory, Hawkins, Carolyn, Hawthorne, Katie, Heath, Nicholas, Hendel, Robert, Hernandez, Phillip, Hill, Gregory, Horgan, Stephen, Huffman, Jeff, Hurwitz, Lynne, Iskandrian, Ami, Janardhanan, Rajesh, Jellis, Christine, Jerome, Scott, Kalra, Dinesh, Kaviratne, Summanther, Kay, Fernando, Kelly, Faith, Khalique, Omar, Kinkhabwala, Mona, Iii, George Kinzfogl, Kircher, Jacqueline, Kirkbride, Rachael, Kontos, Michael, Kottam, Anupama, Krepp, Joseph, Layer, Jay, Lee, Steven H., Leppo, Jeffrey, Lesser, John, Leung, Steve, Lewin, Howard, Litmanovich, Diana, Liu, Yiyan, Magurany, Kathleen, Markowitz, Jeremy, Marn, Amanda, Matis, Stephen E., Mckenna, Michael, Mcrae, Tony, Mendoza, Fernando, Merhige, Michael, Min, David, Moffitt, Chanan, Moncher, Karen, Moore, Warren, Morayati, Shamil, Morris, Michael, Mossa-Basha, Mahmud, Mrsic, Zorana, Murthy, Venkatesh, Nagpal, Prashant, Napier, Kyle, Nelson, Katarina, Nijjar, Prabhjot, Osman, Medhat, Passen, Edward, Patel, Amit, Patil, Pravin, Paul, Ryan, Phillips, Lawrence, Polsani, Venkateshwar, Poludasu, Rajaram, Pomerantz, Brian, Porter, Thomas, Prentice, Ryan, Pursnani, Amit, Rabbat, Mark, Ramamurti, Suresh, Rich, Florence, Luna, Hiram Rivera, Robinson, Austin, Robles, Kim, Rodríguez, Cesar, Rorie, Mark, Rumberger, John, Russell, Raymond, Sabra, Philip, Sadler, Diego, Schemmer, Mary, Schoepf, U. 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Enriquez, Ruben Emilio, Ensinas, Jorge, Faccio, Fernando, Facello, Adolfo, Garofalo, Diego, Geronazzo, Ricardo, Gonza, Natalia, Gutierrez, Lucas, Guzzo, Miguel Angel, Hasbani, Victor, Huerin, Melina, Jäger, Victor, Lewkowicz, Julio Manuel, López De Munaín, Maria Nieves A., Lotti, Jose Maria, Marquez, Alejandra, Masoli, Osvaldo, Masoli, Osvaldo Horacio, Mastrovito, Edgardo, Mayoraz, Matias, Melado, Graciela Eva, Mele, Anibal, Merani, Maria Fernanda, Meretta, Alejandro Horacio, Molteni, Susana, Montecinos, Marcos, Noguera, Eduardo, Novoa, Carlos, Sueldo, Claudio Pereyra, Ascani, Sebastian Perez, Pollono, Pablo, Pujol, Maria Paula, Radzinschi, Alejandro, Raimondi, Gustavo, Redruello, Marcela, Rodríguez, Marina, Rodríguez, Matías, Romero, Romina Lorena, Acuña, Arturo Romero, Rovaletti, Federico, San Miguel, Lucas, Solari, Lucrecia, Strada, Bruno, Traverso, Sonia, Traverzo, Sonia Simona, Espeche, Maria del Huerto Velazquez, Weihmuller, Juan Sebastian, Wolcan, Juan, Zeffiro, Susana, Sakanyan, Mari, Beuzeville, Scott, Boktor, Raef, Butler, Patrick, Calcott, Jennifer, Carr, Loretta, Chan, Virgil, Chao, Charles, Chong, Woon, Dobson, Mark, Downie, D'Arne, Dwivedi, Girish, Elison, Barry, Engela, Jean, Francis, Roslyn, Gaikwad, Anand, Basavaraj, Ashok Gangasandra, Goodwin, Bruce, Greenough, Robert, Hamilton-Craig, Christian, Hsieh, Victar, Joshi, Subodh, Lederer, Karin, Lee, Kenneth, Lee, Joseph, Magnussen, John, Mai, Nghi, Mander, Gordon, Murton, Fiona, Nandurkar, Dee, Neill, Johanne, O'Rourke, Edward, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Pandos, George, Pathmaraj, Kunthi, Pitman, Alexander, Poulter, Rohan, Premaratne, Manuja, Prior, David, Ridley, Lloyd, Rutherford, Natalie, Salehi, Hamid, Saunders, Connor, Scarlett, Luke, Seneviratne, Sujith, Shetty, Deepa, Shrestha, Ganesh, Shulman, Jonathan, Solanki, Vijay, Stanton, Tony, Stuart, Murch, Stubbs, Michael, Swainson, Ian, Taubman, Kim, Taylor, Andrew, Thomas, Paul, Unger, Steven, Upton, Anthony, Vamadevan, Shankar, Van Gaal, William, Verjans, Johan, Voutnis, Demetrius, Wayne, Victor, Wilson, Peter, Wong, David, Wong, Kirby, Younger, John, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Mirzaei, Siroos, Weiss, Konrad, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Natallia, Gheysens, Olivier, Homans, Filip, Moreno-Reyes, Rodrigo, Pasquet, Agnès, Roelants, Veronique, Van De Heyning, Caroline M., Ríos, Raúl Araujo, Soldat-Stankovic, Valentina, Stankovic, Sinisa, Albernaz Siqueira, Maria Helena, Almeida, Augusto, Alves Togni, Paulo Henrique, Andrade, Jose Henrique, Andrade, Luciana, Anselmi, Carlos, Araújo, Roberta, Azevedo, Guilherme, Bezerra, Sabbrina, Biancardi, Rodrigo, Grossman, Gabriel Blacher, Brandão, Simone, Pianta, Diego Bromfman, Carreira, Lara, Castro, Bruno, Chang, Tien, Cunali, Fernando, Cury, Roberto, Dantas, Roberto, de Amorim Fernandes, Fernando, De Lorenzo, Andrea, De Macedo Filho, Robson, Erthal, Fernanda, Fernandes, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, De Souza, Thiago Ferreira, Alves, Wilson Furlan, Ghini, Bruno, Goncalves, Luiz, Gottlieb, Ilan, Hadlich, Marcelo, Kameoka, Vinícius, Lima, Ronaldo, Lima, Adna, Lopes, Rafael Willain, Machado e Silva, Ricardo, Magalhães, Tiago, Silva, Fábio Martins, Mastrocola, Luiz Eduardo, Medeiros, Fábio, Meneghetti, José Claudio, Naue, Vania, Naves, Danilo, Nolasco, Roberto, Nomura, Cesar, Oliveira, Joao Bruno, Paixao, Eduardo, De Carvalho, Filipe Penna, Pinto, Ibraim, Possetti, Priscila, Quinta, Mayra, Nogueira Ramos, Rodrigo Rizzo, Rocha, Ricardo, Rodrigues, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Carlos, Romantini, Leila, Sanches, Adelina, Santana, Sara, Sara da Silva, Leonardo, Schvartzman, Paulo, Matushita, Cristina Sebastião, Senra, Tiago, Shiozaki, Afonso, Menezes de Siqueira, Maria Eduarda, Siqueira, Cristiano, Smanio, Paola, Soares, Carlos Eduardo, Junior, José Soares, Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer, Spiro, Bernardo, Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco, Torreao, Jorge, Torres, Rafael, Uellendahl, Marly, Monte, Guilherme Urpia, Veríssimo, Otávia, Cabeda, Estevan Vieira, Pedras, Felipe Villela, Waltrick, Roberto, Zapparoli, 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Kenichi, Umeji, Kyoko, Wakabayashi, Yasushi, Yamada, Shinichiro, Yamazaki, Shinya, Yoneyama, Tatsuya, Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Batyrkhanov, Daultai, Makhdomi, Khalid, Ombati, Kevin, Alkandari, Faridah, Garashi, Masoud, Coie, Tchoyoson Lim, Rajvong, Sonexay, Kalinin, Artem, Kalnina, Marika, Haidar, Mohamad, Komiagiene, Renata, Kviecinskiene, Giedre, Mataciunas, Mindaugas, Vajauskas, Donatas, Picard, Christian, Karim, Noor Khairiah A., Reichmuth, Luise, Samuel, Anthony, Allarakha, Mohammad Aaftaab, Naojee, Ambedhkar Shantaram, Alexanderson-Rosas, Erick, Barragan, Erika, González-Montecinos, Alejandro Becerril, Cabada, Manuel, Rodriguez, Daniel Calderon, Carvajal-Juarez, Isabel, Cortés, Violeta, Cortés, Filiberto, De La Peña, Erasmo, Gama-Moreno, Manlio, González, Luis, Ramírez, Nelsy Gonzalez, Jiménez-Santos, Moisés, Matos, Luis, Monroy, Edgar, Morelos, Martha, Ornelas, Mario, Ortga Ramirez, Jose Alberto, Preciado-Anaya, Andrés, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Óscar Ulises, Barragan, Adriana Puente, Rosales Uvera, Sandra Graciela, Sandoval, Sigelinda, Tomas, Miguel Santaularia, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Siu, Silvia, Vallejo, Enrique, Valles, Mario, Faraggi, Marc, Sereegotov, Erdenechimeg, Ilic, Srdja, Ben-Rais, Nozha, Alaoui, Nadia Ismaili, Taleb, Sara, Pa Myo, Khin Pa, Thu, Phyo Si, Ghimire, Ram Kumar, Rajbanshi, Bijoy, Barneveld, Peter, Glaudemans, Andor, Habets, Jesse, Koopmans, Klaas Pieter, Manders, Jeroen, Pool, Stefan, Scholte, Arthur, Scholtens, Asbjørn, Slart, Riemer, Thimister, Paul, Van Asperen, Erik-Jan, Veltman, Niels, Verschure, Derk, Wagenaar, Nils, Edmond, John, Ellis, Chris, Johnson, Kerryanne, Keenan, Ross, Kueh, Shaw Hua (Anthony), Occleshaw, Christopher, Sasse, Alexander, To, Andrew, Van Pelt, Niels, Young, Calum, Cuadra, Teresa, Roque Vanegas, Hector Bladimir, Soli, Idrissa Adamou, Issoufou, Djibrillou Moussa, Ayodele, Tolulope, Madu, Chibuzo, Onimode, Yetunde, Efros-Monsen, Elen, Forsdahl, Signe Helene, Hildre Dimmen, Jenni-Mari, Jørgensen, Arve, Krohn, Isabel, Løvhaugen, Pål, Bråten, Anders Tjellaug, Al Dhuhli, Humoud, Al Kindi, Faiza, Al-Bulushi, Naeema, Jawa, Zabah, Tag, Naima, Afzal, Muhammad Shehzad, Fatima, Shazia, Younis, Muhammad Numair, Riaz, Musab, Saadullah, Mohammad, Herrera, Yariela, Lenturut-Katal, Dora, Vázquez, Manuel Castillo, Ortellado, José, Akhter, Afroza, Cao, Dianbo, Cheung, Stephen, Dai, Xu, Gong, Lianggeng, Han, Dan, Hou, Yang, Li, Caiying, Li, Tao, Li, Dong, Li, Sijin, Liu, Jinkang, Liu, Hui, Ng, Ming Yen, Sun, Kai, Tang, Gongshun, Wang, Jian, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhao-Qian, Wang, Yining, Wang, Yifan, Wu, Jiang, Wu, Zhifang, Xia, Liming, Xiao, Jiangxi, Xu, Lei, Yang, Youyou, Yin, Wu, Yu, Jianqun, Yuan, Li, Zhang, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Zhang, Yong-Gao, Zhang, Xiaoli, Zhu, Li, Alfaro, Ana, Abrihan, Paz, Barroso, Asela, Cruz, Eric, Gomez, Marie Rhiamar, Magboo, Vincent Peter, Medina, John Michael, Obaldo, Jerry, Pastrana, Davidson, Pawhay, Christian Michael, Quinon, Alvin, Tang, Jeanelle Margareth, Tecson, Bettina, Uson, Kristine Joy, Uy, Mila, Kostkiewicz, Magdalena, Kunikowska, Jolanta, Bettencourt, Nuno, Cantinho, Guilhermina, Ferreira, Antonio, Syed, Ghulam, Arnous, Samer, Atyani, Said, Byrne, Angela, Gleeson, Tadhg, Kerins, David, Meehan, Conor, Murphy, David, Murphy, Mark, Murray, John, O'Brien, Julie, Bang, Ji-In, Bom, Henry, Cho, Sang-Geon, Hong, Chae Moon, Jang, Su Jin, Jeong, Yong Hyu, Kang, Won Jun, Kim, Ji-Young, Lee, Jaetae, Namgung, Chang Kyeong, So, Young, Won, Kyoung Sook, Majstorov, Venjamin, Vavlukis, Marija, Salobir, Barbara Gužic, Štalc, Monika, Benedek, Theodora, Benedek, Imre, Mititelu, Raluca, Stan, Claudiu Adrian, Ansheles, Alexey, Dariy, Olga, Drozdova, Olga, Gagarina, Nina, Gulyaev, Vsevolod Milyevich, Itskovich, Irina, Karalkin, Anatoly, Kokov, Alexander, Migunova, Ekaterina, Pospelov, Viktor, Ryzhkova, Daria, Saifullina, Guzaliya, Sazonova, Svetlana, Sergienko, Vladimir, Shurupova, Irina, Trifonova, Tatjana, Ussov, Wladimir Yurievich, Vakhromeeva, Margarita, Valiullina, Nailya, Zavadovsky, Konstantin, Zhuravlev, Kirill, Okarvi, Subhani, Saranovic, Dragana Sobic, Keng, Felix, Jason See, Jia Hao, Sekar, Ramkumar, Yew, Min Sen, Vondrak, Andrej, Bejai, Shereen, Bennie, George, Bester, Ria, Engelbrecht, Gerrit, Evbuomwan, Osayande, Gongxeka, Harlem, Vuuren, Magritha Jv, Kaplan, Mitchell, Khushica, Purbhoo, Lakhi, Hoosen, Louw, Lizette, Malan, Nico, Milos, Katarina, Modiselle, Moshe, More, Stuart, Naidoo, Mathava, Scholtz, Leonie, Vangu, Mboyo, Aguadé-Bruix, Santiago, Blanco, Isabel, Cabrera, Antonio, Camarero, Alicia, Casáns-Tormo, Irene, Cuellar-Calabria, Hug, Flotats, Albert, Fuentes Cañamero, Maria Eugenia, García, María Elia, Jimenez-Heffernan, Amelia, Leta, Rubén, Diaz, Javier Lopez, Lumbreras, Luis, Marquez-Cabeza, Juan Javier, Martin, Francisco, Martinez de Alegria, Anxo, Medina, Francisco, Canal, Maria Pedrera, Peiro, Virginia, Pubul-Nuñez, Virginia, Rayo Madrid, Juan Ignacio, Rey, Cristina Rodríguez, Perez, Ricardo Ruano, Ruiz, Joaquín, Hernández, Gertrudis Sabatel, Sevilla, Ana, Zeidán, Nahla, Nanayakkara, Damayanthi, Udugama, Chandraguptha, Simonsson, Magnus, Alkadhi, Hatem, Buechel, Ronny Ralf, Burger, Peter, Ceriani, Luca, De Boeck, Bart, Gräni, Christoph, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, Alix, Kamani, Christel H., Kawel-Boehm, Nadine, Manka, Robert, Prior, John O., Rominger, Axel, Vallée, Jean-Paul, Khiewvan, Benjapa, Premprabha, Teerapon, Thientunyakit, Tanyaluck, Sellem, Ali, Kir, Kemal Metin, Sayman, Haluk, Sebikali, Mugisha Julius, Muyinda, Zerida, Kmetyuk, Yaroslav, Korol, Pavlo, Mykhalchenko, Olena, Pliatsek, Volodymyr, Satyr, Maryna, Albalooshi, Batool, Ahmed Hassan, Mohamed Ismail, Anderson, Jill, Bedi, Punit, Biggans, Thomas, Bularga, Anda, Bull, Russell, Burgul, Rajesh, Carpenter, John-Paul, Coles, Duncan, Cusack, David, Deshpande, Aparna, Dougan, John, Fairbairn, Timothy, Farrugia, Alexia, Gopalan, Deepa, Gummow, Alistair, Ramkumar, Prasad Guntur, Hamilton, Mark, Harbinson, Mark, Hartley, Thomas, Hudson, Benjamin, Joshi, Nikhil, Kay, Michael, Kelion, Andrew, Khokhar, Azhar, Kitt, Jamie, Lee, Ken, Low, Chen, Mak, Sze Mun, Marousa, Ntouskou, Martin, Jon, Mcalindon, Elisa, Menezes, Leon, Morgan-Hughes, Gareth, Moss, Alastair, Murray, Anthony, Nicol, Edward, Patel, Dilip, Peebles, Charles, Pugliese, Francesca, Luis Rodrigues, Jonathan Carl, Rofe, Christopher, Sabharwal, Nikant, Schofield, Rebecca, Semple, Thomas, Sharma, Naveen, Strouhal, Peter, Subedi, Deepak, Topping, William, Tweed, Katharine, Weir-Mccall, Jonathan, Abbara, Suhny, Abbasi, Taimur, Abbott, Brian, Abohashem, Shady, Abramson, Sandra, Al-Abboud, Tarek, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Almousalli, Omar, Ananthasubramaniam, Karthikeyan, Kumar, Mohan Ashok, Askew, Jeffrey, Attanasio, Lea, Balmer-Swain, Mallory, Bayer, Richard R., Bernheim, Adam, Bhatti, Sabha, Bieging, Erik, Blankstein, Ron, Bloom, Stephen, Blue, Sean, Bluemke, David, Borges, Andressa, Branch, Kelley, Bravo, Paco, Brothers, Jessica, Budoff, Matthew, Bullock-Palmer, 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- Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results: Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
- Published
- 2021
9. Exploring The Utility Of Aortic Valve Calcium Scores To Prognosticate TAVR Outcomes In Aortic Stenosis Patients.
- Author
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Patel, D., Fisher, S., Mishra, N., Kilcoyne, J., East, S., Chaudhary, A., Sethi, A., Russo, M., Yanamala, N., Maganti, K., Bokhari, S., Sengupta, P., and Hamirani, Y.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Concordance Of CT-FFR With Invasive Angiography Is Affected By Image Quality And Coronary Vessel Volume/Mass Ratio.
- Author
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Benjamin, M., primary, Banga, S., additional, Kim, C., additional, Hamirani, Y., additional, Zeb, I., additional, and Kadiyala, M., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Safety of statins: effects on muscle and the liver.
- Author
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Vasudevan, A. R, primary, Hamirani, Y. S, additional, and Jones, P. H, additional
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Worldwide Disparities in Recovery of Cardiac Testing 1 Year Into COVID-19
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Andrew J. Einstein, Cole Hirschfeld, Michelle C. Williams, Joao V. Vitola, Nathan Better, Todd C. Villines, Rodrigo Cerci, Leslee J. Shaw, Andrew D. Choi, Sharmila Dorbala, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Bin Lu, Valentin Sinitsyn, Alexey A. Ansheles, Takashi Kudo, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Bjarne Linde Nørgaard, Pál Maurovich-Horvat, Roxana Campisi, Elisa Milan, Lizette Louw, Adel H. Allam, Mona Bhatia, Lorenzo Sewanan, Eli Malkovskiy, Yosef Cohen, Michael Randazzo, Jagat Narula, Olga Morozova, Thomas N.B. Pascual, Yaroslav Pynda, Maurizio Dondi, Diana Paez, Gerd Hinterleitner, Yao Lu, Zhuoran Xu, Cole B. Hirschfeld, Ikenna Erinne, Mrinali Shetty, Andrew Choi, Juan Lopez-Mattei, Purvi Parwani, Artan Goda, Ervina Shirka, Salah Bouyoucef, Lydia Chelghoum, Farouk Mansouri, Abdelkader Medjahedi, Qais Naili, Mokhtar Ridouh, Diego Alasia, Lucia Alberghina, Natalia Aramayo, Diego Buchara, Franco Gabriel Busso, Jose Javier Bustos Rivadero, Jorge Camilletti, Hugo Campanelli, Ricardo Belisario Castro, Mariana Daicz, Horacio del Riego, Laura Dragonetti, Diego Echazarreta, Juan Erriest, Fernando Faccio, Adolfo Facello, Hugo Gallegos, Ricardo Geronazzo, Horacio Glait, Victor Hasbani, Victor Jäger, Julio Manuel Lewkowicz, Jose Lotti, Neiva Maciel, Osvaldo Masoli, Edgardo Mastrovito, Maria Medus, Maria Fernanda Merani, Susana Molteni, Marcos Montecinos, Gustavo Parisi, Claudio Pereyra Sueldo, Diego Perez de Arenaza, Luis Quintana, Alejandro Radzinschi, Marcela Redruello, Marina Rodríguez, Horacio Rojas, Arturo Romero Acuña, Daniel Schere, Sonia Traverso, Gustavo Vazquez, Susana Zeffiro, Mari Sakanyan, Scott Beuzeville, Raef Boktor, Michael Crowley, D'Arne Downie, Girish Dwivedi, Barry Elison, Omar Farouque, Kim Jasper, Subodh Joshi, Joseph Lee, Kenneth Lee, Elaine Lui, Peter Mcconachie, Joanne Meaker, Dee Nandurkar, Johanne Neill, Edward O'Rourke, Patricia O'Sullivan, George Pandos, Manuja Premaratne, David Prior, Natalie Rutherford, Connor Saunders, Kim Taubman, Andrew Tauro, Andrew Taylor, James Theuerle, Paul Thomas, Jonathan Tow, Anthony Upton, Shankar Vamadevan, Victor Wayne, Eva Alina Wegner, David Wong, John Younger, Dietrich Beitzke, Gudrun Feuchtner, Oliver Sommer, Konrad Weiss, Natallia Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Uladzimir Tserakhau, Filip Homans, Caroline M. Van De Heyning, Raúl Araujo, Valentina Soldat-Stankovic, Sinisa Stankovic, Augusto Almeida, Carlos Anselmi, Guilherme S.A. Azevedo, Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Diego Bromfman Pianta, Estevan Cabeda, Lara Carreira, Igor Coelho, Fernando de Amorim Fernandes, Andrea de Lorenzo, Roberta Delgado, Fernanda Erthal, Fabio Fernandes, Juliano Fernandes, Thiago Ferreira de Souza, Murilo Foppa, Wilson Furlan Matos Alves, Cibele Gontijo, Ilan Gottlieb, Gabriel Grossman, Maria Helena Albernaz Siqueira, Cesar Higa Nomura, Katia Hiromoto Koga, Ronaldo Lima, Rafael Lopes, Hugo Humberto Marçal Filho, Paulo Masiero, Luiz Mastrocola, Maria Eduarda Menezes de Siqueira, Claudio Mesquita, Danilo Naves, Filipe Penna, Ibraim Pinto, Thércio Rocha, Juliana Leal Rocha, Alfredo Rodrigues, Leila Salioni, Adelina Sanches, Marcelo Santos, Leonardo Sara Da Silva, Paulo Schvartzman, Cristina Sebastião Matushita, Tiago Senra, Marcelo Silva, Carlos Eduardo Soares, Bernardo Spiro, Carlos Eduardo Suaide Silva, Rafael Torres, Guilherme Urpia Monte, Andrea Vilela, Alexandre Volney Villa, Joao Vitola, Themissa Voss, Roberto Waltrick, Marcello Zapparoli, Hamid Naseer, Marina Garcheva-Tsacheva, Tiémégna Florence Ouattara, Sarameth Thou, Soley Varoeun, Gad Abikhzer, Rob Beanlands, Michael Chetrit, Dominique Dabreo, Carole Dennie, Matthias Friedrich, Mohmmed Nassoh Hafez, Kate Hanneman, Robert Miller, Anastasia Oikonomou, Idan Roifman, Gary Small, Vikas Tandon, Adwait Trivedi, James White, Katherine Zukotynski, Rita Alay, Carmen Concha, Teresa Massardo, Pedro Abad, Kelly Anzola, Harold Arturo, Luis Benitez, Alberto Cadena, Carlos Caicedo Zamudio, Antonio Calderón, Claudia T. Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia Jaimes, Juan L. Londono, Nelson Lopez, Sonia Merlano-Gaitan, Ramon Murgieitio-Cabrera, Manuel Valencia, Damiana Vergel, Alejandro Zuluaga Santamaria, Felix Solis, Tonci Batinic, Maja Franceschi, Maja Hrabak Paar, Marina Prpic, Cuba: Juan Felipe Batista, Lazaro Omar Cabrera, Amalia Peix, Yamilé Peña, Luis Manuel Rochela Vázquez, Ioannis Ntalas, Milan Kaminek, Vladimir Kincl, Otto Lang, Jawdat Abdulla, Morten Bøttcher, Martin Busk, Uka Geisler, Lars C. Gormsen, Nicolaj Hansson, Søren Hess, Jens Hove, Lars Thorbjoern Jensen, Magnus T. Jensen, Kristian Hay Kragholm, Bjarne L. Nørgaard, Kristian Øvrehus, Jan Rasmussen, Niels Peter Rønnow Sand, Hanne Sondergaard, Tomas Zaremba, Herwin Speckter, Nelson Amores, Mayra Sanchez Velez, Taghreed Abd Alrahman, Sherif Abd Elsamad, Alia Abdelfattah, Adel Allam, Sameh Elkaffas, Mona Hassan, Elshaymaa Hussein, Ahmed Ibrahim, Ahmed Kandeel, Mohamed Mandour Ali, Mahmoud Shaaban, Camila Flores, Verónica Vanesa Gómez Leiva, Anita Liiver, Martti Larikka, Valtteri Uusitalo, Denis Agostini, Clothilde Berger, Matthieu Dietz, Fabien Hyafil, Mickaël Ohana, Kevin Prigent, Hamza Regaieg, Laure Sarda-Mantel, Darach O. H-Ici, Harold Ayetey, George Angelidis, Christina Fragkaki, Chrysoula Fragkiadaki, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Maria Koutelou, Elena Kyrozi, Niki Lama, Vassilis Prassopoulos, Michael Spartalis, Theodora Zaglavara, Carla Gonzalez, Goleat Gutierrez, Alejandro Maldonado, Yassine Martinez, Attila Kovács, Bálint Szilveszter, Nilesh Banthia, Vivek Bhat, Partha Choudhury, Vijay Sai Chowdekar, Johann Christopher, Tushar Garg, Naresh Kumar Goyal, Ripen Kumar Gupta, Abhishek Gupta, Julie Hephzibah, Shashank Jain, Jesu Krupa, Parveen Kumar, Sukriti Kumar, Arati Lalchandani, Animesh Mishra, Vivaswan Dutt Mishra, Parul Mohan, Ahmad Ozair, Shivani Pandey, Ramanathapuram Parameswaran, Chetan Patel, Tapan Patel, Shivani Patel, Leena Robinson Vimala, Dr Pradosh Kumar Sarangi, Shantanu Sengupta, Arvind Sethi, Amit Sharma, Awadhesh Kumar Sharma, Punit Sharma, Apurva Shrigiriwar, Santosh Singh, Harpreet Singh, Ashwani Sood, Atul Verma, Ajay Vyas, Erwin Affandi Soeriadi, Edison Bun, Febby Hutomo, Hilman Syawaluddin, Ryan Yudistiro, Amjed Albadr, Majid Assadi, Farshad Emami, Alireza Emami-Ardekani, Saeed Farzanehfar, Ramezan Jafari, Reyhaneh Manafi-Farid, Maryam Tajik, Yoav Arnson, Shmuel Fuchs, Ronen Goldkorn, John Kennedy, Marina Leitman, Aryeh Shalev, Wanda Acampa, Domenico Albano, Pierpaolo Alongi, Gaspare Arnone, Roberta Assante, Anna Baritussio, Matteo Bauckneht, Francesco Bianco, Rachele Bonfiglioli, Francesco Bovenzi, Isabella Bruno, Andrea Bruno, Elena Busnardo, Elena Califaretti, Roberta Casoni, Vittorio Censullo, Franca Chierichetti, Marcello Chiocchi, Corrado Cittanti, Alberto Clemente, Alberto Cuocolo, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Veronica Della Tommasina, Santo Dellegrottaglie, Paola Anna Erba, Laura Evangelista, Lara Faggi, Evelina Faragasso, Luigia Florimonte, Viviana Frantellizzi, Marco Gatti, Angela Gaudiano, Fabrizia Gelardi, Alberto Gerali, Alessia Gimelli, Marco Guglielmo, Lucia Leccisotti, Riccardo Liga, Carlo Liguori, Giampiero Longo, Margherita Maffione, Claudio Marcassa, Giovanni Matassa, Donato Mele, Luca Mircoli, Andrea Paccagnella, Sara Pacella, Federica Padovano, Dario Pellegrini, Valeria Pergola, Luca Pugliese, Natale Quartuccio, Lucia Rampin, Fabrizio Ricci, Giuseppe Rubini, Vincenzo Russo, Gianmario Sambuceti, Alessandra Scatteia, Roberto Sciagrà, Gianluca Spidalieri, Antonella Stefanelli, Carlo Tedeschi, Guido Ventroni, Dainia Baugh, Ernest Madu, Tadao Aikawa, Hiroshi Asano, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Koichiro Fujise, Yoshimitsu Fukushima, Kae Fukuyama, Yasutaka Ichikawa, Reiko Ideguchi, Nobuo Iguchi, Masamichi Imai, Hayato Ishimura, Satoshi Isobe, Kimiteru Ito, Yu Izawa, Toshiaki Kadokami, Tokuo Kasai, Takao Kato, Takashi Kawamoto, Shigeru Kiryu, Shinichiro Kumita, Osamu Manabe, Hirotaka Maruno, Naoya Matsumoto, Masao Miyagawa, Masao Moroi, Shigeki Nagamachi, Kenichi Nakajima, Ryo Nakazato, Mamoru Nanasato, Masanao Naya, Takashi Norikane, Yasutoshi Ohta, Yoichi Otomi, Hideki Otsuka, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Masaki Saito, Masayoshi Sarai, Junichi Sato, Daisuke Sato, Shinya Shiraishi, Kentaro Takanami, Kazuya Takehana, Yasuyo Taniguchi, Hiroki Teragawa, Nobuo Tomizawa, Kyoko Umeji, Yasushi Wakabayashi, Shinichiro Yamada, Shinya Yamazaki, Tatsuya Yoneyama, Mohammad Rawashdeh, Tairkhan Dautov, Khalid Makhdomi, Mostafa Abass, Masoud Garashi, Qaisar Siraj, Marika Kalnina, Mohamad Haidar, Renata Komiagiene, Giedre Kviecinskiene, Donatas Vajauskas, Noor Khairiah A. Karim, Mady Doucoure, Luise Reichmuth, Anthony Samuel, Mohamed Lemine Dieng, Ambedhkar Shantaram Naojee, Estrella Aguilera Hernandez, Cesar Rene Alducin Tellez, Erick Alexánderson-Rosas, Erika Barragan, Manuel Cabada, Daniel Calderón, Isabel Carvajal-Juarez, José Esparza, Manlio Gerardo Gama-Moreno, Virginia Garcia Quinto, Nelsy Coromoto Gonzalez, Mary Carmen Herrera-Zarza, Aloha Meave, Jesus Gregorio Medina Verdugo, Gabriela Melendez, Rafael Humberto Morales Murguia, Carlos Salvador Navarro Quiroz, Mario Ornelas, Andres Preciado-Anaya, Oscar Ulises Preciado-Gutiérrez, Adriana Puente, Aristóteles Ramírez Salazar, Sandra Graciela Rosales Uvera, Sandra Rosales-Uvera, Jose Antonio Serna Macias, Lilia Sierra-Galan, Lilia M. Sierra-Galan, Juan Carlos Tirado Alderete, Enrique Vallejo, Marc Faraggi, Erdenechimeg Sereegotov, Nouzha Ben Rais, Nadia Ismaili Alaoui, Thiri Kyiphyu, Su Thet Oo, Soe Myat Win, Htin Zar, Ram Ghimire, Madhu Neupane, Andor Glaudemans, Riemer Slart, Derk Verschure, Berry Allen, John Edmond, Clare Mckenzie, Stuart Tie, Niels Van Pelt, Kirsten Worthington, Calum Young, Idrissa Adamou Soli, Shehu Kana, Uchenna Onubogu, Mahmoud Sani, Anders Tjellaug Bråten, Arve Jørgensen, Hanne-Elin Vassbotn, Humoud Al Dhuhli, Zabah Jawa, Naima Tag, Shazia Fatima, Muhammad Babar Imran, Muhammad Numair Younis, Mohammad Saadullah, Yariela Herrera Malo, Dora Lenturut-Katal, Manuel Castillo, José Ortellado, Afroza Akhter, F. Aaysha Cader, Raihan Hussain, Saidur Rahman Khan, Tapati Mandal, Faria Nasreen, Yunqiang An, Dianbo Cao, Lianggeng Gong, Yang Hou, Chongfu Jia, Tao Li, Caiying Li, Hui Liu, Wenya Liu, Jinkang Liu, Ming-Yen Ng, Heshui Shi, Chunxiang Tang, Ximing Wang, Zhaoqian Wang, Yining Wang, Jiang Wu, Yan Yi, Li Yuan, Tong Zhang, Longjiang Zhang, Edith Chavez, Carlos Cruz, Christian Llontop, Rosanna Morales, Paz Abrihan, Asela Bustos-Barroso, Michele Duldulao-Ogbac, Christopher Eduarte, Jerry Obaldo, Alvin Quinon, Belinda San Juan, Carlo Joe San Juan, Marie Rhiamar Sauler-Gomez, Mila Uy, Magdalena Kostkiewicz, Jolanta Kunikowska, Anna Teresinska, Tomasz Urbanik, Nuno Bettencourt, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho, Cristina Gavina, Lino Gonçalves, Filipe Macedo, Nuno Moreno, Carla Sousa, Ana Teresa Timoteo, Maria João Vidigal, Mahmoud Al Heidous, Subramaniyan Ramanathan, Samer Arnous, Said Aytani, Angela Byrne, Tadhg Gleeson, David Kerins, Julie O'Brien, Ji-In Bang, Henry Bom, Miju Cheon, Gi Jeong Cheon, Sang-Geon Cho, Chae Moon Hong, Yong Hyu Jeong, Won Jun Kang, Yeon-Koo Kang, Ji-Young Kim, So Won Oh, Young So, Ho-Chun Song, Kyoung Sook Won, Soo Woong Yoo, Irena Mitevska, Marija Vavlukis, Barbara Gužic Salobir, Monika Štalc, Theodora Benedek, Marian Pop, Claudiu Stan, Alexey Ansheles, Olga Dariy, Nina Gagarina, Irina Itskovich, Anatoliy Karalkin, Alexander Kokov, Gulya Marina, Ekaterina Migunova, Viktor Pospelov, Daria Ryzhkova, Guzaliya Sayfullina, Vladimir Sergienko, Irina Shurupova, Margarita Vakhromeeva, Nailia Valiullina, Konstantin Zavadovsky, Kirill Zhuravlev, Rami Abazid, Turki Al Garni, Mirvat Alasnag, Ahmed Aljizeeri, Hamid Amer, Ahmad Amro, Hesham Hamdy, Osama Smettei, Dragana Sobic Saranovic, Marina Vlajkovic, Felix Keng, Jason See, Zuzana Berecova, Jana Polakova Mistinova, Osayande Evbuomwan, Nerisha Govender, Jonathan Hack, Bawinile Hadebe, Khanyisile Hlongwa, Mitchell Kaplan, Hoosen Lakhi, Katarina Milos, Moshe Modiselle, Stuart More, Ntanganedzeni Muambadzi, Leonie Scholtz, Manuel Barreiro-Perez, Isabel Blanco, Jordi Broncano, Alicia Camarero, Irene Casáns-Tormo, Javier De Haro, Albert Flotats, Elia García, Ceferino Gutierrez Mendiguchia, Amelia Jimenez-Heffernan, Ruben Leta, Javier Lopez Diaz, Luis Lumbreras Vega, Ana Manovel-Sánchez, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Bianca Patrut, Virginia Pubul, Ricardo Ruano Perez, Nahla Zeidan, Damayanthi Nanayakkara, Ahmed Suliman, Henrik Engblom, Mustafa Murtadha, Ellen Ostenfeld, Magnus Simonsson, Hatem Alkadhi, Ronny Ralf Buechel, Peter Burger, Christoph Gräni, Christel Kamani, Nadine Kawel-Böhm, Bernd Klaeser, Robert Manka, John Prior, Tawika Kaewchur, Benjapa Khiewvan, Arpakorn Kositwattanarerk, Sirianong Namwongprom, Tanyaluck Thientunyakit, Haluk Burcak Sayman, Mahmut Yüksel, Mugisha Julius Sebikali, Emmy Okello, Pavlo Korol, Iryna Noverko, Maryna Satyr, Tahir Ahmad, Khaled Alfakih, Ivo Andrade, Susan Buckingham, Anda Bularga, John-Paul Carpenter, Graham Cole, David Cusack, Sarojini David, Patrick Davis, Timothy Fairbairn, Arjun Ghosh, Prasad Guntur Ramkumar, Mark Hamilton, Faisal Haque, Benjamin Hudson, Annette Johnstone, V.J. Karthikeyan, Mike Kay, Mohammad Ali Khan, Jamie Kitt, Chen Sheng Low, Elisa Mcalindon, David Mccreavy, Brian Morrissey, Manish Motwani, Dilip Na, Edward Nicol, Dilip Patel, Jonathan Rodrigues, Chris Rofe, Rebecca Schofield, Thomas Semple, Azeem Sheikh, Apurva Sinha, Deepak Subedi, William Topping, Katherine Tweed, Stephen Richard Underwood, Jonathan Weir-Mccall, Hamed Zuhairy, Taimur Abbasi, Shady Abohashem, Sandra Abramson, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Mohan Ashok Kumar, Mallory Balmer-Swain, Daniel Berman, Adam Bernheim, Sabha Bhatti, Robert Biederman, Erik Bieging, Scott Bingham, Stephen Bloom, Sean Blue, Andressa Borges, Kelley Branch, Paco Bravo, Sujatha Buddhe, Matthew Budoff, Renée Bullock-Palmer, Michael Cahill, Candace Candela, Jane Cao, Saurav Chatterjee, Yiannis Chatzizisis, Nita Ray Chaudhuri, Michael Cheezum, Anjali Chelliah, Tiffany Chen, Marcus Chen, Lu Chen, Aalap Chokshi, Jina Chung, Sorin Danciu, William DeSisto, Michael Dilorenzo, Rami Doukky, William Duvall, Maros Ferencik, Cameron Foster, Anthon Fuisz, Michael Gannon, David German, Myron Gerson, Jeffrey Geske, Fadi Hage, Agha Haider, Sofia Haider, Yasmin Hamirani, Karen Hassen, Robert Hendel, Jacqueline Henkel, Stephen Horgan, Mark Hyun, Rajesh Janardhanan, Scott Jerome, Dinesh Kalra, David Kassop, Mona Kinkhabwala, George Kinzfogl, Bernard Koch, Lynne Koweek, Joseph Krepp, Younghoon Kwon, Jay Layer, John Lesser, Steve Leung, Bernadette Lisske, Kathleen Magurany, Jeremy Markowitz, Brenda Mccullough, Azita Moalemi, Chanan Moffitt, Juan Montanez, Warren Moore, Shamil Morayati, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Zorana Mrsic, Venkatesh Murthy, Prashant Nagpal, Katarina Nelson, Prabhjot Nijjar, Rupal O’Quinn, Edward Passen, Toral Patel, Pravin Patil, Amit Pursnani, Nancy Quachang, Mark Rabbat, Pragya Ranjan, Patricia Rodriguez Lozano, Mary Schemmer, Rebecca Seifried, Nishant Shah, Amee Shah, Sujata Shanbhag, Gaurav Sharma, Robert Skotnicki, Michael Sobczak, Prem Soman, Vincent Sorrell, Monvadi Srichai, Jim Streeter, Leah Strickland, Suliman Suliman, Naghmeh Tebyanian, Dustin Thomas, Randall Thompson, Seth Uretsky, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Marian Vandyck-Acquah, Vikas Verma, Todd Villines, Joseph Weinstein, David Wolinsky, Karolina Zareba, Michael Zgaljardic, Mario Beretta, Rodolfo Ferrando, Miguel Kapitan, Fernando Mut, Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva, Luisa Vera, Binh Duong Duc, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Phuoc Minh Hiep Nguyen, Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE), Molecular Pharmacology, Drug Design, Einstein, A, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Vitola, J, Better, N, Villines, T, Cerci, R, Shaw, L, Choi, A, Dorbala, S, Karthikeyan, G, Lu, B, Sinitsyn, V, Ansheles, A, Kudo, T, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Norgaard, B, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Campisi, R, Milan, E, Louw, L, Allam, A, Bhatia, M, Sewanan, L, Malkovskiy, E, Cohen, Y, Randazzo, M, Narula, J, Morozova, O, Pascual, T, Pynda, Y, Dondi, M, Paez, D, Hinterleitner, G, Lu, Y, Xu, Z, Erinne, I, Shetty, M, Lopez-Mattei, J, Parwani, P, Goda, A, Shirka, E, Bouyoucef, S, Chelghoum, L, Mansouri, F, Medjahedi, A, Naili, Q, Ridouh, M, Alasia, D, Alberghina, L, Aramayo, N, Buchara, D, Busso, F, Bustos Rivadero, J, Camilletti, J, Campanelli, H, Castro, R, Daicz, M, del Riego, H, Dragonetti, L, Echazarreta, D, Erriest, J, Faccio, F, Facello, A, Gallegos, H, Geronazzo, R, Glait, H, Hasbani, V, Jager, V, Lewkowicz, J, Lotti, J, Maciel, N, Masoli, O, Mastrovito, E, Medus, M, Merani, M, Molteni, S, Montecinos, M, Parisi, G, Sueldo, C, Perez de Arenaza, D, Quintana, L, Radzinschi, A, Redruello, M, Rodriguez, M, Rojas, H, Acuna, A, Schere, D, Traverso, S, Vazquez, G, Zeffiro, S, Sakanyan, M, Beuzeville, S, Boktor, R, Crowley, M, Downie, D, Dwivedi, G, Elison, B, Farouque, O, Jasper, K, Joshi, S, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lui, E, Mcconachie, P, Meaker, J, Nandurkar, D, Neill, J, O'Rourke, E, O'Sullivan, P, Pandos, G, Premaratne, M, Prior, D, Rutherford, N, Saunders, C, Taubman, K, Tauro, A, Taylor, A, Theuerle, J, Thomas, P, Tow, J, Upton, A, Vamadevan, S, Wayne, V, Wegner, E, Wong, D, Younger, J, Beitzke, D, Feuchtner, G, Sommer, O, Weiss, K, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, N, Tserakhau, U, Homans, F, Van De Heyning, C, Araujo, R, Soldat-Stankovic, V, Stankovic, S, Almeida, A, Anselmi, C, Azevedo, G, Bittencourt, M, Pianta, D, Cabeda, E, Carreira, L, Coelho, I, de Amorim Fernandes, F, de Lorenzo, A, Delgado, R, Erthal, F, Fernandes, F, Fernandes, J, Ferreira de Souza, T, Foppa, M, Matos Alves, W, Gontijo, C, Gottlieb, I, Grossman, G, Albernaz Siqueira, M, Nomura, C, Koga, K, Lima, R, Lopes, R, Marcal Filho, H, Masiero, P, Mastrocola, L, Menezes de Siqueira, M, Mesquita, C, Naves, D, Penna, F, Pinto, I, Rocha, T, Rocha, J, Rodrigues, A, Salioni, L, Sanches, A, Santos, M, Da Silva, L, Schvartzman, P, Matushita, C, Senra, T, Silva, M, Soares, C, Spiro, B, Suaide Silva, C, Torres, R, Monte, G, Vilela, A, Villa, A, Voss, T, Waltrick, R, Zapparoli, M, Naseer, H, Garcheva-Tsacheva, M, Ouattara, T, Thou, S, Varoeun, S, Abikhzer, G, Beanlands, R, Chetrit, M, Dabreo, D, Dennie, C, Friedrich, M, Hafez, M, Hanneman, K, Miller, R, Oikonomou, A, Roifman, I, Small, G, Tandon, V, Trivedi, A, White, J, Zukotynski, K, Alay, R, Concha, C, Massardo, T, Abad, P, Anzola, K, Arturo, H, Benitez, L, Cadena, A, Zamudio, C, Calderon, A, Gutierrez Villamil, C, Jaimes, C, Londono, J, Lopez, N, Merlano-Gaitan, S, Murgieitio-Cabrera, R, Valencia, M, Vergel, D, Santamaria, A, Solis, F, Batinic, T, Franceschi, M, Paar, M, Prpic, M, Felipe Batista, C, Cabrera, L, Peix, A, Pena, Y, Rochela Vazquez, L, Ntalas, I, Kaminek, M, Kincl, V, Lang, O, Abdulla, J, Bottcher, M, Busk, M, Geisler, U, Gormsen, L, Hansson, N, Hess, S, Hove, J, Jensen, L, Jensen, M, Kragholm, K, Ovrehus, K, Rasmussen, J, Ronnow Sand, N, Sondergaard, H, Zaremba, T, Speckter, H, Amores, N, Velez, M, Alrahman, T, Elsamad, S, Abdelfattah, A, Elkaffas, S, Hassan, M, Hussein, E, Ibrahim, A, Kandeel, A, Ali, M, Shaaban, M, Flores, C, Gomez Leiva, V, Liiver, A, Larikka, M, Uusitalo, V, Agostini, D, Berger, C, Dietz, M, Hyafil, F, Ohana, M, Prigent, K, Regaieg, H, Sarda-Mantel, L, H-Ici, D, Ayetey, H, Angelidis, G, Fragkaki, C, Fragkiadaki, C, Georgoulias, P, Koutelou, M, Kyrozi, E, Lama, N, Prassopoulos, V, Spartalis, M, Zaglavara, T, Gonzalez, C, Gutierrez, G, Maldonado, A, Martinez, Y, Kovacs, A, Szilveszter, B, Banthia, N, Bhat, V, Choudhury, P, Chowdekar, V, Christopher, J, Garg, T, Goyal, N, Gupta, R, Gupta, A, Hephzibah, J, Jain, S, Krupa, J, Kumar, P, Kumar, S, Lalchandani, A, Mishra, A, Mishra, V, Mohan, P, Ozair, A, Pandey, S, Parameswaran, R, Patel, C, Patel, T, Patel, S, Vimala, L, Kumar Sarangi, D, Sengupta, S, Sethi, A, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shrigiriwar, A, Singh, S, Singh, H, Sood, A, Verma, A, Vyas, A, Soeriadi, E, Bun, E, Hutomo, F, Syawaluddin, H, Yudistiro, R, Albadr, A, Assadi, M, Emami, F, Emami-Ardekani, A, Farzanehfar, S, Jafari, R, Manafi-Farid, R, Tajik, M, Arnson, Y, Fuchs, S, Goldkorn, R, Kennedy, J, Leitman, M, Shalev, A, Acampa, W, Albano, D, Alongi, P, Arnone, G, Assante, R, Baritussio, A, Bauckneht, M, Bianco, F, Bonfiglioli, R, Bovenzi, F, Bruno, I, Bruno, A, Busnardo, E, Califaretti, E, Casoni, R, Censullo, V, Chierichetti, F, Chiocchi, M, Cittanti, C, Clemente, A, Cuocolo, A, De Rimini, M, De Vincentis, G, Della Tommasina, V, Dellegrottaglie, S, Erba, P, Evangelista, L, Faggi, L, Faragasso, E, Florimonte, L, Frantellizzi, V, Gatti, M, Gaudiano, A, Gelardi, F, Gerali, A, Gimelli, A, Guglielmo, M, Leccisotti, L, Liga, R, Liguori, C, Longo, G, Maffione, M, Marcassa, C, Matassa, G, Mele, D, Mircoli, L, Paccagnella, A, Pacella, S, Padovano, F, Pellegrini, D, Pergola, V, Pugliese, L, Quartuccio, N, Rampin, L, Ricci, F, Rubini, G, Russo, V, Sambuceti, G, Scatteia, A, Sciagra, R, Spidalieri, G, Stefanelli, A, Tedeschi, C, Ventroni, G, Baugh, D, Madu, E, Aikawa, T, Asano, H, Fujimoto, S, Fujise, K, Fukushima, Y, 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Mrsic, Z, Murthy, V, Nagpal, P, Nelson, K, Nijjar, P, O'Quinn, R, Passen, E, Patil, P, Pursnani, A, Quachang, N, Rabbat, M, Ranjan, P, Lozano, P, Schemmer, M, Seifried, R, Shah, N, Shah, A, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Skotnicki, R, Sobczak, M, Soman, P, Sorrell, V, Srichai, M, Streeter, J, Strickland, L, Suliman, S, Tebyanian, N, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Vandyck-Acquah, M, Verma, V, Weinstein, J, Wolinsky, D, Zareba, K, Zgaljardic, M, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Vera, L, Duc, B, Nguyen, X, Hiep Nguyen, P, Einstein, Andrew J, Hirschfeld, Cole, Williams, Michelle C, Vitola, Joao V, Better, Nathan, Villines, Todd C, Cerci, Rodrigo, Shaw, Leslee J, Choi, Andrew D, Dorbala, Sharmila, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Lu, Bin, Sinitsyn, Valentin, Ansheles, Alexey A, Kudo, Takashi, Bucciarelli-Ducci, Chiara, Nørgaard, Bjarne Linde, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Campisi, Roxana, Milan, Elisa, Louw, Lizette, Allam, Adel H, Bhatia, Mona, Sewanan, Lorenzo, Malkovskiy, Eli, Cohen, Yosef, Randazzo, Michael, Narula, Jagat, Morozova, Olga, Pascual, Thomas N B, Pynda, Yaroslav, Dondi, Maurizio, Paez, Diana, and Cuocolo, Alberto
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cardiac testing ,Health Personnel ,delivery of health care ,coronavirus ,COVID-19 ,global health ,610 Medicine & health ,cardiovascular disease ,health personnel ,humans ,pandemics ,surveys and questionnaires ,coronaviru ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Delivery of Health Care ,Pandemics ,COVID-19/epidemiology - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The extent to which health care systems have adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic to provide necessary cardiac diagnostic services is unknown.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the pandemic on cardiac testing practices, volumes and types of diagnostic services, and perceived psychological stress to health care providers worldwide.METHODS: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations from baseline in cardiovascular diagnostic care at the pandemic's onset and 1 year later. Multivariable regression was used to determine factors associated with procedure volume recovery.RESULTS: Surveys were submitted from 669 centers in 107 countries. Worldwide reduction in cardiac procedure volumes of 64% from March 2019 to April 2020 recovered by April 2021 in high- and upper middle-income countries (recovery rates of 108% and 99%) but remained depressed in lower middle- and low-income countries (46% and 30% recovery). Although stress testing was used 12% less frequently in 2021 than in 2019, coronary computed tomographic angiography was used 14% more, a trend also seen for other advanced cardiac imaging modalities (positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance; 22%-25% increases). Pandemic-related psychological stress was estimated to have affected nearly 40% of staff, impacting patient care at 78% of sites. In multivariable regression, only lower-income status and physicians' psychological stress were significant in predicting recovery of cardiac testing.CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac diagnostic testing has yet to recover to prepandemic levels in lower-income countries. Worldwide, the decrease in standard stress testing is offset by greater use of advanced cardiac imaging modalities. Pandemic-related psychological stress among providers is widespread and associated with poor recovery of cardiac testing.
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- 2022
13. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Testing in Asia
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Lee, Jeffrey Leppo, John Lesser, Steve Leung, Howard Lewin, Diana Litmanovich, Yiyan Liu, Kathleen Magurany, Jeremy Markowitz, Amanda Marn, Stephen E. Matis, Michael Mckenna, Tony Mcrae, Fernando Mendoza, Michael Merhige, David Min, Chanan Moffitt, Karen Moncher, Warren Moore, Shamil Morayati, Michael Morris, Mahmud Mossa-Basha, Zorana Mrsic, Venkatesh Murthy, Prashant Nagpal, Kyle Napier, Katarina Nelson, Prabhjot Nijjar, Medhat Osman, Edward Passen, Amit Patel, Pravin Patil, Ryan Paul, Lawrence Phillips, Venkateshwar Polsani, Rajaram Poludasu, Brian Pomerantz, Thomas Porter, Ryan Prentice, Amit Pursnani, Mark Rabbat, Suresh Ramamurti, Florence Rich, Hiram Rivera Luna, Austin Robinson, Kim Robles, Cesar Rodríguez, Mark Rorie, John Rumberger, Raymond Russell, Philip Sabra, Diego Sadler, Mary Schemmer, U. Joseph Schoepf, Samir Shah, Nishant Shah, Sujata Shanbhag, Gaurav Sharma, Steven Shayani, Jamshid Shirani, Pushpa Shivaram, Steven Sigman, Mitch Simon, Ahmad Slim, David Smith, Alexandra Smith, Prem Soman, Aditya Sood, Monvadi Barbara Srichai-Parsia, James Streeter, Albert T, Ahmed Tawakol, Dustin Thomas, Randall Thompson, Tara Torbet, Desiree Trinidad, Shawn Ullery, Samuel Unzek, Seth Uretsky, Srikanth Vallurupalli, Vikas Verma, Alfonso Waller, Ellen Wang, Parker Ward, Gaby Weissman, George Wesbey, Kelly White, David Winchester, David Wolinsky, Sandra Yost, Michael Zgaljardic, Omar Alonso, Mario Beretta, Rodolfo Ferrando, Miguel Kapitan, Fernando Mut, Omoa Djuraev, Gulnora Rozikhodjaeva, Ha Le Ngoc, Son Hong Mai, Xuan Canh Nguyen, Kudo, T, Lahey, R, Hirschfeld, C, Williams, M, Lu, B, Alasnag, M, Bhatia, M, Henry Bom, H, Dautov, T, Fazel, R, Karthikeyan, G, Keng, F, Rubinshtein, R, Better, N, Cerci, R, Dorbala, S, Raggi, P, Shaw, L, Villines, T, Vitola, J, Choi, A, Malkovskiy, E, 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Lauchy, J, Gutierrez, Y, Menéndez, R, Peix, A, Rochela, L, Panagidis, C, Petrou, I, Engelmann, V, Kaminek, M, Kincl, V, Lang, O, Simanek, M, Abdulla, J, Bøttcher, M, Christensen, M, Gormsen, L, Hasbak, P, Hess, S, Holdgaard, P, Johansen, A, Kyhl, K, Norgaard, B, Øvrehus, K, Rønnow Sand, N, Steffensen, R, Thomassen, A, Zerahn, B, Perez, A, Escorza Velez, G, Velez, M, Abdel Aziz, I, Abougabal, M, Ahmed, T, Allam, A, Asfour, A, Hassan, M, Hassan, A, Ibrahim, A, Kaffas, S, Kandeel, A, Ali, M, Mansy, A, Maurice, H, Nabil, S, Shaaban, M, Flores, A, Poksi, A, Knuuti, J, Kokkonen, V, Larikka, M, Uusitalo, V, Bailly, M, Burg, S, Deux, J, Habouzit, V, Hyafil, F, Lairez, O, Proffit, F, Regaieg, H, Sarda-Mantel, L, Tacher, V, Schneider, R, Ayetey, H, Angelidis, G, Archontaki, A, Chatziioannou, S, Datseris, I, Fragkaki, C, Georgoulias, P, Koukouraki, S, Koutelou, M, Kyrozi, E, Repasos, E, Stavrou, P, Valsamaki, P, Gonzalez, C, Gutierrez, G, Maldonado, A, Buga, K, Garai, I, Maurovich-Horvat, P, Schmidt, E, Szilveszter, B, Várady, E, Banthia, N, Bhagat, J, Bhargava, R, Bhat, V, Choudhury, P, Chowdekar, V, Irodi, A, Jain, S, Joseph, E, Kumar, S, Girijanandan Mahapatra, P, Mitra, D, Mittal, B, Ozair, A, Patel, C, Patel, T, Patel, R, Patel, S, Saxena, S, Sengupta, S, Singh, S, Singh, B, Sood, A, Verma, A, Affandi, E, Alam, P, Edison, E, Gunawan, G, Hapkido, H, Hidayat, B, Huda, A, Mukti, A, Prawiro, D, Soeriadi, E, Syawaluddin, H, Albadr, A, Assadi, M, Emami, F, Houshmand, G, Maleki, M, Rostami, M, Zakavi, S, Zaid, E, Agranovich, S, Arnson, Y, Bar-Shalom, R, Frenkel, A, Knafo, G, Lugassi, R, Maor Moalem, I, Mor, M, Muskal, N, Ranser, S, Shalev, A, Albano, D, Alongi, P, Arnone, G, Bagatin, E, Baldari, S, Bauckneht, M, Bertelli, P, Bianco, F, Bonfiglioli, R, Boni, R, Bruno, A, Bruno, I, Busnardo, E, Califaretti, E, Camoni, L, Carnevale, A, Casoni, R, Cavallo, A, Cavenaghi, G, Chierichetti, F, Chiocchi, M, Cittanti, C, Colletta, M, Conti, U, Cossu, A, Cuocolo, A, Cuzzocrea, M, De Rimini, M, De Vincentis, G, Del Giudice, E, Del Torto, A, Della Tommasina, V, Durmo, R, Erba, P, Evangelista, L, Faletti, R, Faragasso, E, Farsad, M, Ferro, P, Florimonte, L, Frantellizzi, V, Fringuelli, F, Gatti, M, Gaudiano, A, Gimelli, A, Giubbini, R, Giuffrida, F, Ialuna, S, Laudicella, R, Leccisotti, L, Leva, L, Liga, R, Liguori, C, Longo, G, Maffione, M, Mancini, M, Marcassa, C, Milan, E, Nardi, B, Pacella, S, Pepe, G, Pontone, G, Pulizzi, S, Quartuccio, N, Rampin, L, Ricci, F, Rossini, P, Rubini, G, Russo, V, Sacchetti, G, Sambuceti, G, Scarano, M, Sciagrà, R, Sperandio, M, Stefanelli, A, Ventroni, G, Zoboli, S, Baugh, D, Chambers, D, Madu, E, Nunura, F, Asano, H, Chimura, C, Fujimoto, S, Fujisue, K, Fukunaga, T, Fukushima, Y, Fukuyama, K, Hashimoto, J, Ichikawa, Y, Iguchi, N, Imai, M, Inaki, A, Ishimura, H, Isobe, S, Kadokami, T, Kato, T, Kumita, S, Maruno, H, Mataki, H, Miyagawa, M, Morimoto, R, Moroi, M, Nagamachi, S, Nakajima, K, Nakata, T, Nakazato, R, Nanasato, M, Naya, M, Norikane, T, Ohta, Y, Okayama, S, Okizaki, A, Otomi, Y, Otsuka, H, Saito, M, Sakata, S, Sarai, M, Sato, D, Shiraishi, S, Suwa, Y, Takanami, K, Takehana, K, Taki, J, Tamaki, N, Taniguchi, Y, Teragawa, H, Tomizawa, N, Tsujita, K, Umeji, K, Wakabayashi, Y, Yamada, S, Yamazaki, S, Yoneyama, T, Rawashdeh, M, Batyrkhanov, D, Makhdomi, K, Ombati, K, Alkandari, F, Garashi, M, Coie, T, Rajvong, S, Kalinin, A, Kalnina, M, Haidar, M, Komiagiene, R, Kviecinskiene, G, Mataciunas, M, Vajauskas, D, Picard, C, Karim, N, Reichmuth, L, Samuel, A, Allarakha, M, Naojee, A, Alexanderson-Rosas, E, Barragan, E, González-Montecinos, A, Cabada, M, Rodriguez, D, Carvajal-Juarez, I, Cortés, V, Cortés, F, De La Peña, E, Gama-Moreno, M, González, L, Ramírez, N, Jiménez-Santos, M, Matos, L, Monroy, E, Morelos, M, Ornelas, M, Ortga Ramirez, J, Preciado-Anaya, A, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Ó, Barragan, A, Rosales Uvera, S, Sandoval, S, Tomas, M, Sierra-Galan, L, Siu, S, Vallejo, E, Valles, M, Faraggi, M, Sereegotov, E, Ilic, S, Ben-Rais, N, Alaoui, N, Taleb, S, Pa Myo, K, Thu, P, Ghimire, R, Rajbanshi, B, Barneveld, P, Glaudemans, A, Habets, J, Koopmans, K, Manders, J, Pool, S, Scholte, A, Scholtens, A, Slart, R, Thimister, P, Van Asperen, E, Veltman, N, Verschure, D, Wagenaar, N, Edmond, J, Ellis, C, Johnson, K, Keenan, R, Kueh, S, Occleshaw, C, Sasse, A, To, A, Van Pelt, N, Young, C, Cuadra, T, Roque Vanegas, H, Soli, I, Issoufou, D, Ayodele, T, Madu, C, Onimode, Y, Efros-Monsen, E, Forsdahl, S, Hildre Dimmen, J, Jørgensen, A, Krohn, I, Løvhaugen, P, Bråten, A, Al Dhuhli, H, Al Kindi, F, Al-Bulushi, N, Jawa, Z, Tag, N, Afzal, M, Fatima, S, Younis, M, Riaz, M, Saadullah, M, Herrera, Y, Lenturut-Katal, D, Vázquez, M, Ortellado, J, Akhter, A, Cao, D, Cheung, S, Dai, X, Gong, L, Han, D, Hou, Y, Li, C, Li, T, Li, D, Li, S, Liu, J, Liu, H, Ng, M, Sun, K, Tang, G, Wang, J, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wang, Y, Wu, J, Wu, Z, Xia, L, Xiao, J, Xu, L, Yang, Y, Yin, W, Yu, J, Yuan, L, Zhang, T, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhang, X, Zhu, L, Alfaro, A, Abrihan, P, Barroso, A, Cruz, E, Gomez, M, Magboo, V, Medina, J, Obaldo, J, Pastrana, D, Pawhay, C, Quinon, A, Tang, J, Tecson, B, Uson, K, Uy, M, Kostkiewicz, M, Kunikowska, J, Bettencourt, N, Cantinho, G, Ferreira, A, Syed, G, Arnous, S, Atyani, S, Byrne, A, Gleeson, T, Kerins, D, Meehan, C, Murphy, D, Murphy, M, Murray, J, O'Brien, J, Bang, J, Bom, H, Cho, S, Hong, C, Jang, S, Jeong, Y, Kang, W, Kim, J, Namgung, C, So, Y, Won, K, Majstorov, V, Vavlukis, M, Salobir, B, Štalc, M, Benedek, T, Benedek, I, Mititelu, R, Stan, C, Ansheles, A, Dariy, O, Drozdova, O, Gagarina, N, Gulyaev, V, Itskovich, I, Karalkin, A, Kokov, A, Migunova, E, Pospelov, V, Ryzhkova, D, Saifullina, G, Sazonova, S, Sergienko, V, Shurupova, I, Trifonova, T, Ussov, W, Vakhromeeva, M, Valiullina, N, Zavadovsky, K, Zhuravlev, K, Okarvi, S, Saranovic, D, Jason See, J, Sekar, R, Yew, M, Vondrak, A, Bejai, S, Bennie, G, Bester, R, Engelbrecht, G, Evbuomwan, O, Gongxeka, H, Vuuren, M, Kaplan, M, Khushica, P, Lakhi, H, Louw, L, Malan, N, Milos, K, Modiselle, M, More, S, Naidoo, M, Scholtz, L, Vangu, M, Aguadé-Bruix, S, Blanco, I, Cabrera, A, Camarero, A, Casáns-Tormo, I, Cuellar-Calabria, H, Flotats, A, Fuentes Cañamero, M, García, M, Jimenez-Heffernan, A, Leta, R, Diaz, J, Lumbreras, L, Marquez-Cabeza, J, Martin, F, Martinez de Alegria, A, Medina, F, Canal, M, Peiro, V, Pubul-Nuñez, V, Rayo Madrid, J, Rey, C, Perez, R, Ruiz, J, Hernández, G, Sevilla, A, Zeidán, N, Nanayakkara, D, Udugama, C, Simonsson, M, Alkadhi, H, Buechel, R, Burger, P, Ceriani, L, De Boeck, B, Gräni, C, Juillet de Saint Lager Lucas, A, Kamani, C, Kawel-Boehm, N, Manka, R, Prior, J, Rominger, A, Vallée, J, Khiewvan, B, Premprabha, T, Thientunyakit, T, Sellem, A, Kir, K, Sayman, H, Sebikali, M, Muyinda, Z, Kmetyuk, Y, Korol, P, Mykhalchenko, O, Pliatsek, V, Satyr, M, Albalooshi, B, Ahmed Hassan, M, Anderson, J, Bedi, P, Biggans, T, Bularga, A, Bull, R, Burgul, R, Carpenter, J, Coles, D, Cusack, D, Deshpande, A, Dougan, J, Fairbairn, T, Farrugia, A, Gopalan, D, Gummow, A, Ramkumar, P, Hamilton, M, Harbinson, M, Hartley, T, Hudson, B, Joshi, N, Kay, M, Kelion, A, Khokhar, A, Kitt, J, Low, C, Mak, S, Marousa, N, Martin, J, Mcalindon, E, Menezes, L, Morgan-Hughes, G, Moss, A, Murray, A, Nicol, E, Patel, D, Peebles, C, Pugliese, F, Luis Rodrigues, J, Rofe, C, Sabharwal, N, Schofield, R, Semple, T, Sharma, N, Strouhal, P, Subedi, D, Topping, W, Tweed, K, Weir-Mccall, J, Abbara, S, Abbasi, T, Abbott, B, Abohashem, S, Abramson, S, Al-Abboud, T, Al-Mallah, M, Almousalli, O, Ananthasubramaniam, K, Kumar, M, Askew, J, Attanasio, L, Balmer-Swain, M, Bayer, R, Bernheim, A, Bhatti, S, Bieging, E, Blankstein, R, Bloom, S, Blue, S, Bluemke, D, Borges, A, Branch, K, Bravo, P, Brothers, J, Budoff, M, Bullock-Palmer, R, Burandt, A, Burke, F, Bush, K, Candela, C, Capasso, E, Cavalcante, J, Chang, D, Chatterjee, S, Chatzizisis, Y, Cheezum, M, Chen, T, Chen, J, Chen, M, Clarcq, J, Cordero, A, Crim, M, Danciu, S, Decter, B, Dhruva, N, Doherty, N, Doukky, R, Dunbar, A, Duvall, W, Edwards, R, Esquitin, K, Farah, H, Fentanes, E, Ferencik, M, Fisher, D, Fitzpatrick, D, Foster, C, Fuisz, T, Gannon, M, Gastner, L, Gerson, M, Ghoshhajra, B, Goldberg, A, Goldner, B, Gonzalez, J, Gore, R, Gracia-López, S, Hage, F, Haider, A, Haider, S, Hamirani, Y, Hassen, K, Hatfield, M, Hawkins, C, Hawthorne, K, Heath, N, Hendel, R, Hernandez, P, Hill, G, Horgan, S, Huffman, J, Hurwitz, L, Iskandrian, A, Janardhanan, R, Jellis, C, Jerome, S, Kalra, D, Kaviratne, S, Kay, F, Kelly, F, Khalique, O, Kinkhabwala, M, Iii, G, Kircher, J, Kirkbride, R, Kontos, M, Kottam, A, Krepp, J, Layer, J, Lee, S, Leppo, J, Lesser, J, Leung, S, Lewin, H, Litmanovich, D, Liu, Y, Magurany, K, Markowitz, J, Marn, A, Matis, S, Mckenna, M, Mcrae, T, Mendoza, F, Merhige, M, Min, D, Moffitt, C, Moncher, K, Moore, W, Morayati, S, Morris, M, Mossa-Basha, M, Mrsic, Z, Murthy, V, Nagpal, P, Napier, K, Nelson, K, Nijjar, P, Osman, M, Passen, E, Patel, A, Patil, P, Paul, R, Phillips, L, Polsani, V, Poludasu, R, Pomerantz, B, Porter, T, Prentice, R, Pursnani, A, Rabbat, M, Ramamurti, S, Rich, F, Luna, H, Robinson, A, Robles, K, Rodríguez, C, Rorie, M, Rumberger, J, Russell, R, Sabra, P, Sadler, D, Schemmer, M, Schoepf, U, Shah, S, Shah, N, Shanbhag, S, Sharma, G, Shayani, S, Shirani, J, Shivaram, P, Sigman, S, Simon, M, Slim, A, Smith, D, Smith, A, Soman, P, Srichai-Parsia, M, Streeter, J, T, A, Tawakol, A, Thomas, D, Thompson, R, Torbet, T, Trinidad, D, Ullery, S, Unzek, S, Uretsky, S, Vallurupalli, S, Verma, V, Waller, A, Wang, E, Ward, P, Weissman, G, Wesbey, G, White, K, Winchester, D, Wolinsky, D, Yost, S, Zgaljardic, M, Alonso, O, Beretta, M, Ferrando, R, Kapitan, M, Mut, F, Djuraev, O, Rozikhodjaeva, G, Le Ngoc, H, Mai, S, and Nguyen, X
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Heart disease ,business.industry ,cardiac testing ,coronavirus ,COVID-19 ,global health ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,coronaviru ,cardiovascular disease ,RC666-701 ,Emergency medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Global health ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,business ,Coronavirus - Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly affected management of cardiovascular disease around the world. The effect of the pandemic on volume of cardiovascular diagnostic procedures is not known. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diagnostic procedures and safety practices in Asia. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey to assess changes in cardiovascular procedure volume and safety practices caused by COVID-19. Testing volumes were reported for March 2020 and April 2020 and were compared to those from March 2019. Data from 180 centers across 33 Asian countries were grouped into 4 subregions for comparison. Results: Procedure volumes decreased by 47% from March 2019 to March 2020, showing recovery from March 2020 to April 2020 in Eastern Asia, particularly in China. The majority of centers cancelled outpatient activities and increased time per study. Practice changes included implementing physical distancing and restricting visitors. Although COVID testing was not commonly performed, it was conducted in one-third of facilities in Eastern Asia. The most severe reductions in procedure volumes were observed in lower-income countries, where volumes decreased 81% from March 2019 to April 2020. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic in Asia caused significant reductions in cardiovascular diagnostic procedures, particularly in low-income countries. Further studies on effects of COVID-19 on cardiovascular outcomes and changes in care delivery are warranted.
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- 2021
14. Deep Learning Model of Diastolic Dysfunction Risk Stratifies the Progression of Early-Stage Aortic Stenosis.
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Tokodi M, Shah R, Jamthikar A, Craig N, Hamirani Y, Casaclang-Verzosa G, Hahn RT, Dweck MR, Pibarot P, Yanamala N, and Sengupta PP
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Background: The development and progression of aortic stenosis (AS) from aortic valve (AV) sclerosis is highly variable and difficult to predict., Objectives: The authors investigated whether a previously validated echocardiography-based deep learning (DL) model assessing diastolic dysfunction (DD) could identify the latent risk associated with the development and progression of AS., Methods: The authors evaluated 898 participants with AV sclerosis from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) cohort study and associated the DL-predicted probability of DD with 2 endpoints: 1) the new diagnosis of AS; and 2) the composite of subsequent mortality or AV interventions. Validation was performed in 2 additional cohorts: 1) in 50 patients with mild-to-moderate AS undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and serial echocardiographic assessments; and 2) in 18 patients with AV sclerosis undergoing
18 F-sodium fluoride (NaF) and18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) to assess valvular inflammation and calcification., Results: In the ARIC cohort, a higher DL-predicted probability of DD was associated with the development of AS (adjusted HR: 3.482 [95% CI: 2.061-5.884]; P < 0.001) and subsequent mortality or AV interventions (adjusted HR: 7.033 [95% CI: 3.036-16.290]; P < 0.001). The multivariable Cox model (incorporating the DL-predicted probability of DD) derived from the ARIC cohort efficiently predicted the progression of AS (C-index: 0.798 [95% CI: 0.648-0.948]) in the CMR cohort. Moreover, the predictions of this multivariable Cox model correlated positively with valvular18 F-NaF mean standardized uptake values in the PET/CT cohort (r = 0.62; P = 0.008)., Conclusions: Assessment of DD using DL can stratify the latent risk associated with the progression of early-stage AS., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures The work presented in this paper was supported in part by funds from the National Science Foundation (award number: 1920920). Dr Tokodi was supported by the New National Excellence Program (ÚNKP-23-4-II-SE-39) of the Ministry of Culture and Innovation in Hungary from the National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund. Dr Tokodi has received consulting fees from CardioSight outside the submitted work. Dr Hahn has received speaker fees from Abbott Structural, Baylis Medical, and Edwards Lifesciences; has institutional educational and consulting contracts for which she receives no direct compensation, with Abbott Structural, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic; and is the chief scientific officer for the Echocardiography Core Laboratory at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation for multiple industry-sponsored trials for which she receives no direct industry compensation. Dr Dweck is supported by the British Heart Foundation (FS/14/78/31020); has received the Sir Jules Thorn Award for Biomedical Research 2015 (15/JTA); and has received speaker fees from Pfizer, Radcliffe Cardiology, Bristol Myers Squibb, Edwards, and Novartis and consulting fees from Novartis, Jupiter Bioventures, Beren, and Silence Therapeutics. Dr Pibarot has received funding from Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, Pi-Cardia, and Cardiac Success for echocardiography core laboratory analyses and research studies in transcatheter valve therapies, for which he received no personal compensation; and has received lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. Dr Yanamala serves as an advisor for Turnkey Techstart. Dr Sengupta serves as an advisor for RCE Technologies and HeartSciences. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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15. 1 Patient With Single Coronary Artery, Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm, Contained Rupture, and Fistula.
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Mishra N, Hamirani Y, Sengupta PP, Lee LY, and Bokhari S
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Single coronary artery, giant coronary artery aneurysm, and coronary cameral fistula are rare congenital anomalies, and can cause a range of presentations. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of all 3 entities occurring simultaneously in 1 patient, with largely unknown implications. Multimodal imaging was essential in prompt diagnosis and management., Competing Interests: The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
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- 2024
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16. Broadening Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence in Echocardiography.
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Seetharam K, Thyagaturu H, Ferreira GL, Patel A, Patel C, Elahi A, Pachulski R, Shah J, Mir P, Thodimela A, Pala M, Thet Z, and Hamirani Y
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Echocardiography frequently serves as the first-line treatment of diagnostic imaging for several pathological entities in cardiology. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been growing substantially in information technology and various commercial industries. Machine learning (ML), a branch of AI, has been shown to expand the capabilities and potential of echocardiography. ML algorithms expand the field of echocardiography by automated assessment of the ejection fraction and left ventricular function, integrating novel approaches such as speckle tracking or tissue Doppler echocardiography or vector flow mapping, improved phenotyping, distinguishing between cardiac conditions, and incorporating information from mobile health and genomics. In this review article, we assess the impact of AI and ML in echocardiography., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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17. Multimodality assessment of high- vs. low-gradient aortic stenosis using echocardiography and cardiac CT.
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Zeb I, Uqaily R, Gonuguntla K, Ludhwani D, Abdelhaleem A, Leipsic J, Hahn RT, Pibarot P, Sankaramangalam K, Kuzhandai D, Sattar Y, Raina S, Sudarshan B, Kawsara M, Hamirani Y, and Daggubati R
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Predictive Value of Tests, Echocardiography, Aortic Valve diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Stroke Volume, Severity of Illness Index, Aortic Valve Stenosis
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Background: Aortic valve area (AVA) using CT-LVOT area (AVA
CT-LVOT ) <1.2 cm2 has been shown comparable to echocardiography AVA of <1.0 cm2 for severe aortic stenosis (AS). Current study evaluates how AS diagnosis will be affected when we substitute CT-LVOT with echo derived LVOT., Methods: We retrospectively studied 367 patients who underwent cardiac CTA and echocardiogram for assessment of high- and low-gradient AS (HG-AS and LG-AS). AVACT-LVOT was derived from CT-LVOT area and echo doppler data. Three AVACT-LVOT categories were created (<1.0, 1.0-1.2 and > 1.2 cm2 ). Outcomes were defined as composite of all-cause mortality and/or valve intervention., Results: Median echocardiographic profiles were consistent with severe AS across three AVACT-LVOT categories for HG-AS. HG-AS patients with AVACT-LVOT >1.2 cm2 had larger median CT-LVOT area (5.06 cm2 ) and AVC (2917AU). Among LG-AS with AVACT-LVOT ≤1.2 cm2 , 57% met echo criteria for low-flow LG-AS and 63% met criteria for severe AS using aortic valve calcium (AVC). Additionally, 45% with AVACT-LVOT >1.2 cm2 had larger median CT-LVOT area (5.43 cm2 ) and AVC (2389AU). Patients with AVACT-LVOT >1.2 cm2 and high AVC had large body surface area and were mostly characterized as severe with indexed AVA and AVC. Stroke volume index using CT-LVOT reclassified 70% of low-flow, LG-AS as normal flow, LG-AS. Composite outcomes were higher among patients with AVACT-LVOT ≤1.2 cm2 (p < 0.01), however, with no superior net reclassification improvement compared to AVAecho <1.0 cm2 ., Conclusion: AVACT-LVOT ≤1.2 cm2 is a reasonable CT criterion for severe AS. Large LVOT with elevated AVC identified a severe AS phenotype despite an AVACT-LVOT >1.2 cm2 , best characterized by indexed AVA and AVC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Dr. Philippe Pibarot has received funding from Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, Pi-Cardia, and Cardiac Phoenix for echocardiography core laboratory analyses and research studies in the field of transcatheter valve therapies, for which he received no personal compensation. He has received lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic. Dr. Rebecca T. Hahn has received speaker fees from Abbott Structural, Baylis Medical, Edwards Lifesciences, and Philips Healthcare; has institutional consulting contracts for which she receives no direct compensation with Abbott Structural, Boston Scientific, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and Novartis; and has equity with Navigate. Dr. Jonathon Leipsic has held institutional research core lab agreements with Medtronic, Edwards Lifesciences, Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Pi-Cardia. Rest of the authors have conflict of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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18. Applications of Machine Learning in Cardiology.
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Seetharam K, Balla S, Bianco C, Cheung J, Pachulski R, Asti D, Nalluri N, Tejpal A, Mir P, Shah J, Bhat P, Mir T, and Hamirani Y
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In this digital era, artificial intelligence (AI) is establishing a strong foothold in commercial industry and the field of technology. These effects are trickling into the healthcare industry, especially in the clinical arena of cardiology. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are making substantial progress in various subspecialties of cardiology. This will have a positive impact on patient care and move the field towards precision medicine. In this review article, we explore the progress of ML in cardiovascular imaging, electrophysiology, heart failure, and interventional cardiology., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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19. 3D Transesophageal Echocardiography for Guiding Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Without Prior Cardiac Computed Tomography in Patients With Renal Dysfunction.
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Hana D, Miller T, Skaff P, Seetharam K, Suleiman S, Raybuck B, Kawsara A, Wei L, Roberts H, Cook C, Badhwar V, Daggubati R, Mills J, Sengupta P, and Hamirani Y
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- Aortic Valve diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve surgery, Computed Tomography Angiography methods, Creatinine, Echocardiography, Transesophageal methods, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Acute Kidney Injury diagnosis, Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Aortic Valve Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve Stenosis etiology, Aortic Valve Stenosis surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement adverse effects, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement methods
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Background: Pre-procedural chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in-hospital acute kidney injury (AKI) are associated with worse outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We tested the feasibility of reducing overall AKI by avoiding pre-procedural cardiac CT angiography (CCTA) by using direct 3D-TEE guidance in TAVR patients with known CKD., Methods: An institutional TAVR database was examined from January 2016 to June 2020 to identify 396 patients in whom CCTA sizing was performed and 54 patients with creatinine (Cr) of >1.6 mg/dL in whom direct 3D-TEE, without prior CCTA, was used for TAVR guidance. Baseline demographics, procedural, echocardiographic, and clinical endpoints were compared as defined by the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 criteria., Results: Baseline demographics and risk factors were similar in both groups other than the creatinine level in CCTA vs. TEE groups (1.33 ± 1.1 vs 1.76 ± 0.7 mg/dL, p = 0.005). Procedural contrast volume was significantly lower in the TEE group compared to the CCTA group. No differences were noted in echocardiographic and clinical endpoints for both groups. Despite higher baseline Cr, patents in the TEE group experienced a similar pattern of changes in Cr compared to the CCTA group, with an overall renal improvement noted at the time of discharge for both groups., Conclusions: In patients with baseline CKD, careful avoidance of large contrast loads associated with CCTA and intra-procedural aortography by using TEE guidance may help reduce AKI following TAVR., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2022
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20. Right Ventricular Involvement of an Aggressive Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor.
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Patibandla S, Auber M, Patadji S, and Hamirani Y
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- Female, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Humans, Middle Aged, Stroke Volume, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ventricular Function, Left, Neurofibrosarcoma diagnostic imaging, Neurofibrosarcoma pathology
- Abstract
We present a case of a 58-year-old woman who had a painful right thigh mass for a few months. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed no evidence of an intracardiac mass. She had a whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan two months later that revealed masses in her right lower extremity and a mass in her right ventricle that had not been initially reported. She had been initially diagnosed with an undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, but this diagnosis was changed to a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with repeat pathology. She was subsequently hospitalized. An echocardiogram showed a mass covering 80% of her right ventricle (RV). Serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 9.4 × 5.6 cm RV mass with vascular and avascular portions and inflow and outflow tract obstruction. Computed tomography showed no other metastases. Due to a delay in diagnosis and a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction, the patient could not undergo palliative chemotherapy or radiotherapy., (Copyright Journal of Radiology Case Reports.)
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- 2022
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21. A Machine-Learning Framework to Identify Distinct Phenotypes of Aortic Stenosis Severity.
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Sengupta PP, Shrestha S, Kagiyama N, Hamirani Y, Kulkarni H, Yanamala N, Bing R, Chin CWL, Pawade TA, Messika-Zeitoun D, Tastet L, Shen M, Newby DE, Clavel MA, Pibarot P, and Dweck MR
- Subjects
- Aortic Valve diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve surgery, Humans, Machine Learning, Phenotype, Predictive Value of Tests, Severity of Illness Index, Aortic Valve Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Aortic Valve Stenosis surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
- Abstract
Objectives: The authors explored the development and validation of machine-learning models for augmenting the echocardiographic grading of aortic stenosis (AS) severity., Background: In AS, symptoms and adverse events develop secondarily to valvular obstruction and left ventricular decompensation. The current echocardiographic grading of AS severity focuses on the valve and is limited by diagnostic uncertainty., Methods: Using echocardiography (ECHO) measurements (ECHO cohort, n = 1,052), we performed patient similarity analysis to derive high-severity and low-severity phenogroups of AS. We subsequently developed a supervised machine-learning classifier and validated its performance with independent markers of disease severity obtained using computed tomography (CT) (CT cohort, n = 752) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging (CMR cohort, n = 160). The classifier's prognostic value was further validated using clinical outcomes (aortic valve replacement [AVR] and death) observed in the ECHO and CMR cohorts., Results: In 1,964 patients from the 3 multi-institutional cohorts, 1,346 (68%) subjects had either nonsevere or discordant AS severity. Machine learning identified 1,117 (57%) patients as having high-severity and 847 (43%) as having low-severity AS. High-severity patients in CT and CMR cohorts had higher valve calcium scores and left ventricular mass and fibrosis, respectively than the low-severity group. In the ECHO cohort, progression to AVR and progression to death in patients who did not receive AVR was faster in the high-severity group. Compared with the conventional classification of disease severity, machine-learning-based severity classification improved discrimination (integrated discrimination improvement: 0.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.02 to 0.12) and reclassification (net reclassification improvement: 0.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.11 to 0.23) for the outcome of AVR at 5 years. For both ECHO and CMR cohorts, we observed prognostic value of the machine-learning classifications for subgroups with asymptomatic, nonsevere or discordant AS., Conclusions: Machine learning can integrate ECHO measurements to augment the classification of disease severity in most patients with AS, with major potential to optimize the timing of AVR., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures This work is supported in part by funds from the National Science Foundation (NSF: # 1920920) and National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under (NIH: #5U54GM104942-04). Dr. Tastet is supported by a doctoral scholarship from Fonds de Recherche en Santé Québec. Dr. Newby is supported by the British Heart Foundation (CH/09/002, RE/18/5/34216, RG/16/10/32375); and is the recipient of a Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Awrd (WT103782AIA). Dr. Dweck is supported by the British Heart Foundation (FS/14/78/31020); and is the recipient of the Sir Jules Thorn Award for Biomedical Research 2015 (15/JTA). Dr. Sengupta is a consultant for Kencor Health, RCE Technologies, and Ultromics. All other authors have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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22. Challenging Scenario of Aortic Valve Tendon Masquerading as Aortic Dissection During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.
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Abdul Ghaffar Y, Hamirani Y, Alkhouli MA, Cook C, and Sengupta PP
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The authors report a case of 85-year-old male undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), whose intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram was concerning for ascending aortic dissection. Further imaging, however, delineated this to be an aortic valve tendon and the TAVR was accomplished successfully. ( Level of Difficulty: Advanced. )., (© 2019 The Authors.)
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- 2019
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23. Anthracycline- and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity: a retrospective study.
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Hamirani Y, Fanous I, Kramer CM, Wong A, Salerno M, and Dillon P
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms drug therapy, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Anthracyclines toxicity, Antineoplastic Agents toxicity, Cardiotoxicity, Stroke Volume drug effects, Trastuzumab toxicity
- Abstract
Some chemotherapeutic agents cause cardiotoxic effects including reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and occasionally congestive heart failure. Anthracyclines and HER2 monoclonal antibodies are common offenders, but clinical practice data on LVEF changes, risk factors and acute recovery is lacking. We retrospectively examined the electronic medical record at an academic medical center for receipt of anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab from 2000 to 2013 in cancer patients. Patient characteristics and serial LVEF assessments were collected. Patients with and without LVEF decline were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 549 patients were identified with anthracycline/trastuzumab use and 216 had multiple LVEF assessments. Only 27 of the 216 patients who had multiple LVEF assessments at multiple occasions suffered a clinically significant LVEF fall (12.5 %), and symptomatic CHF was rare (0.5 %). Compared to unaffected patients, those with a fall in LVEF were more likely to have hypertension, hyperlipidemia or coronary artery disease (CAD). Concomitant trastuzumab and anthracycline use was a risk factor (36 vs 9.5 % for anthracycline alone, p < 0.001). The median time from start of chemotherapy to reduced LVEF was 202 days (5-3008). On multivariate analysis, hypertension and use of trastuzumab remained independent predictors of LVEF fall. Acute recovery in LVEF was observed in 44 % of patients. LVEF changes from cancer therapies are frequent and hard to predict. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and CAD are associated with LVEF decline. Acute recovery of LVEF is observed in those experiencing treatment-related cardiotoxicity. Attention to timely interruption of cardiotoxic chemo is recommended., Competing Interests: The authors disclose no conflict of interest related to this work.
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- 2016
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24. Risk factors associated with the incidence and progression of mitral annulus calcification: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.
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Elmariah S, Budoff MJ, Delaney JA, Hamirani Y, Eng J, Fuster V, Kronmal RA, Halperin JL, and O'Brien KD
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- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Atherosclerosis diagnostic imaging, Calcinosis diagnostic imaging, Calcinosis epidemiology, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Ethnicity, Female, Heart Valve Diseases diagnostic imaging, Heart Valve Diseases epidemiology, Humans, Incidence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Mitral Valve diagnostic imaging, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Atherosclerosis complications, Calcinosis complications, Heart Valve Diseases complications, Mitral Valve pathology
- Abstract
Background: Significant cardiovascular morbidity has been associated with mitral annulus calcification (MAC), but limited data exist regarding its progression. The purpose of this study was to examine the natural history of and risk factors for MAC progression., Methods: The MESA is a longitudinal cohort study of participants aged 45 to 84 years without clinical cardiovascular disease who underwent serial cardiac computed tomography studies with quantification of MAC. Regression models were used to identify risk factors associated with MAC incidence and progression., Results: Prevalent MAC was observed in 534 (9%) of 5,895 participants. Over a median 2.3 years, 280 (5%) developed incident MAC. After adjustment, age was the strongest predictor of incident MAC (adjusted OR, 2.25 per 10 years; 95% CI, 1.97-2.58; P < .0001). Female gender, white ethnicity, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, serum cholesterol, smoking, and interleukin-6 were also significant predictors of incident MAC. In participants with prevalent MAC, the median rate of change was 10.1 [IQR, -6.7 to 60.7] Agatston units (AU)/year. Baseline MAC severity was the predominant predictor of rate of MAC progression (β-coefficient per 10 AU, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.85-0.91; P < .0001), although ethnicity and smoking status possessed modest influence., Conclusions: Several cardiovascular risk factors predicted incident MAC, as did female gender. Severity of baseline MAC was the primary predictor of MAC progression, suggesting that, while atherosclerotic processes may initiate MAC, they are only modestly associated with its progression over these time frames., (© 2013.)
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- 2013
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25. Prevalence and severity of coronary artery calcium in young persons with diabetes.
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Daga N, Nasir K, Hamirani Y, Tayek J, Bach P, Li D, and Budoff MJ
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- Adult, Age Factors, California epidemiology, Chi-Square Distribution, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetic Angiopathies diagnostic imaging, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Vascular Calcification diagnostic imaging, Coronary Artery Disease epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology, Diabetic Angiopathies epidemiology, Vascular Calcification epidemiology
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Background: Currently, American Diabetes Association guidelines suggest statin use among persons with diabetes mellitus aged >40 years. The presence of calcified plaque in coronary arteries is a sensitive surrogate of coronary artery disease and has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality and cardiac events., Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of calcified plaque in coronary arteries in patients aged <40 years with and without diabetes., Methods: We included 3723 asymptomatic patients aged <40 years who had undergone coronary calcium scanning. Clinical and demographic data were collected. Agatston score was categorized into Agatston score 0 as normal, 1 to 99 as low, 100 to 399 as intermediate, and ≥400 as severe; and statistical analysis was performed., Results: The study population consisted of 4% persons with diabetes (n = 142) and 56% men with a mean age of 35 ± 5 years. Young persons with diabetes had greater prevalence of Agatston score > 0 than persons without diabetes (43% vs 24%; P < .0001). In addition, 12% of persons with diabetes vs 2.5% of persons without diabetes had an Agatston score ≥ 100 (P < .0001). The prevalence of calcified plaque in coronary arteries was >50% in persons with diabetes aged >35 years. After taking into account risk factors, the presence of diabetes was associated with a 4-fold higher odds of an Agatston score ≥ 100 (odds ratio, 4.19; 95% CI, 2.29-7.65; P < .0001)., Conclusion: Our study found that 43% of young patients with diabetes have detectable coronary atherosclerosis. Given the known clinical implications of calcified plaque in coronary arteries, future studies are needed to evaluate interventions in persons aged <40 years who exhibit subclinical atherosclerosis to reduce future cardiovascular disease events in this vulnerable population., (Copyright © 2013 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2013
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26. Association of right coronary artery (RCA) motion at 75% phase with heart rate during multi-row detector cardiac tomography angiography.
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Sourayanezhad S, Hamirani Y, Pagali S, Nabavi V, Nair S, and Budoff MJ
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- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Coronary Artery Disease physiopathology, Heart Rate drug effects, Humans, Coronary Angiography methods, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Vessels physiology, Heart Rate physiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
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- 2010
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27. The degree of stenosis on cardiac catheterization compared to calcified coronary segments on multi-detector row cardiac computed tomography MDCT.
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Madaj P, Gopal A, Hamirani Y, Zeb I, Elamir S, and Budoff M
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- Aged, Calcinosis epidemiology, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease epidemiology, Coronary Stenosis epidemiology, Humans, Middle Aged, Calcinosis diagnostic imaging, Cardiac Catheterization, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Rationale and Objectives: Cardiac computed tomography is increasingly being used to assess the degree of stenosis in coronary arteries. It has been shown in multiple studies to have high negative predictive value for obstructive disease compared to invasive cardiac catheterization (ICA). However, calcified segments are interpreted differently in each study. The aim of this study was to examine the association of calcified plaques on multi-detector row cardiac computed tomography (MDCT) with the degree of stenosis on ICA., Materials and Methods: A total of 129 consecutive patients who underwent coronary evaluation on MDCT and also underwent ICA within 1 month of MDCT were included in the study. Each segment in the coronary artery was classified as mixed, calcified, or noncalcified. All segments with calcified plaque were evaluated, further classifying them as mild, moderate, or severe, and obstructive disease on ICA was used as the reference standard, in a blinded fashion., Results: The average age of the patients was 60.8 9.5 years. A total of 379 calcified segments were included in the study. Among these segments, 363 (95.8%) were found to be nonobstructive (<70% stenosis) on ICA. Calcifications were categorized as mild, moderate, and severe in 283 (74.7%), 58 (15.3%), and 38 (10.0%) segments, respectively. When calcium was incomplete in the cross-section of the lumen (mild or moderate calcification), 98.5% of these segments (336 of 341) were associated with nonobstructive disease, decreasing to 71% with severe calcification., Conclusion: Calcified plaques seen on MDCT were commonly associated with nonobstructive disease on invasive angiography. Increasing focal calcification increased the likelihood of obstructive disease, but only 29% of severe segments were associated with significant obstructive disease.
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- 2010
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28. Noninvasive quantitative evaluation of coronary artery stent patency using 64-row multidetector computed tomography.
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Abdelkarim MJ, Ahmadi N, Gopal A, Hamirani Y, Karlsberg RP, and Budoff MJ
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- Aged, Algorithms, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Equipment Failure Analysis methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Radiographic Image Enhancement methods, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Treatment Outcome, Coronary Angiography methods, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Coronary Artery Disease surgery, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted methods, Stents, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
- Abstract
Background: Many studies have used multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography to evaluate coronary stents qualitatively but not quantitatively., Objectives: This study sought to validate a method of quantitatively evaluating stent patency by using 64-row compared with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and to evaluate the stent size threshold of MDCT in detecting stent patency., Methods: Stented lesions (n=122) in 55 patients (age, 65+/-10 years; 90% men) who underwent both 64-row MDCT and ICA were studied. Density measurements in Hounsfield units (HUs) and stent diameters in millimeters were recorded in the stented segments, with the density of the ascending aorta (AO) taken as a reference. The ratio of the average of stent's proximal, middle, and distal densities to mean AO density was defined as the AS/AO HU. Threshold values for the detection of stent patency were examined by using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis., Results: One hundred six of 122 stents were interpretable. By ICA, 24 stents were found to have in-stent restenosis (22 interpretable and 2 noninterpretable with MDCT). The ROC curve showed that the optimal cutoff value of AS/AO HU to predict stent patency on MDCT was 0.81 with sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 95.2%, and the optimal stent diameter cutoff value was > or = 2.5 mm with a sensitivity of 91.8% and a specificity of 93.8%., Conclusion: With 64-row MDCT, coronary stent patency can be evaluated quantitatively with high sensitivity and specificity and with adequate diagnostic accuracy in stents > or = 2.5 mm in diameter., (2010 Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2010
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29. Diagnostic uncertainty of Takotusbo cardiomyopathy in a woman with cardiovascular risk factors hijacked at gunpoint: a case report.
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Akinwande O, Hamirani Y, and Chopra A
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Background: Left ventricular apical ballooning (LVAB) is a type of cardiomyopathy precipitated by emotional or physiological stress, which results in transient left ventricular dysfunction and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes with relatively normal coronary arteries., Case Presentation: We present a case describing the complexity of the diagnosis of LVAB in a patient with cardiovascular risk factors. We also review the literature from the initial discovery of this condition to the new developments., Conclusion: In patients with cardiovascular risk factors, diagnosis of LVAB is a challenge due to the similarities in symptoms with acute coronary syndrome. Such patients should be managed as an acute coronary syndrome until the definitive diagnosis is made. However, LVAB must still be maintained as a differential diagnosis in those patients to avoid unnecessary therapy.
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- 2008
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