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Austronausibius wagneri (Grouvelle), new combination (Fig. 28–38) Nausibius wagneri Grouvelle 1913: 316 (type examined). Discussion. Many years ago, Dr A. O. Bachmann (MACN), following a request, kindly sent a small number of mainly unidentified Argentinian silvanids to the author. These included three male specimens which, apart from the strongly developed genae, compared well with Nausibius wagneri Grouvelle, a species described from one female collected in Argentina and not recorded since. Grouvelle’s name label on the type specimen is as follows, “Anausibius wagneri ty. Grouv.”, probably showing that at some point he had intended to erect a new genus for this beetle. The three males have the general facies of beetles placed in Austronausibius, particularly of males of A. leai Halstead and A. aemulus Halstead, and consequently N. wagneri is here transferred to Austronausibius. This genus seems to be predominantly an Australian genus as species previously placed in it are all from this continent. Austronausibius wagneri is so far the only member of the genus that has been found outside Australia and currently the only species known to occur in South America. Diagnosis. Austronausibius wagneri is readily distinguished from other known species of Austronausibius by the form of the male genitalia, particularly the relatively straight parameres and the arrangement of their setae. Description. The following description is based on the female type and 3 males, one larger than the other two, measurements and ratios are given for all four specimens, males in ascending order of size. Length, female 4.5 mm (Grouvelle gives 4.2 mm), males 4.2, 4.2, 5.7 mm, ratio breadth to length, female 10:36, males 10:39, 39, 43. Dark brown, head moderately shining, rest of body appearing duller due to puncturation and pubescence (cuticle shining), moderately depressed, setae golden. Head. Genae expanded and raised, slightly in female seen (Fig. 33), moderately to very strongly in males (Fig. 28–32); ratio of length of head to breadth across genae female, 10:13, males, 10:27, 27, 40; clypeus and frontal region convex, depression present between this region and genae (above antennal insertions); eyes not very prominent but more so than temple, eyes dorsally separated by 9.3× (female), 7.4, 8.0, 9.9× (males) breadth of eye in dorsal view; temple less than tenth length of eye; antenna (Fig. 29), ratio of length (excluding pedicel, which is largely hidden beneath gena) to that of body, female 10:58, males 10:54, 56, 64, antennomere 11 terminating in a small process; puncturation strong (punctures deep) and dense, punctures generally separated by diameter or less, except towards clypeus and vertex where separated by slightly more than diameter and at sides towards eyes where punctures become reticulate; interspaces shining. Ventrally, head with long setae, much longer than elsewhere on underside of body; large shallow cavity on each side produced by expansion of genae (for accommodation of antennae). Pronotum. More elongate in males than in female seen, ratio of length to breadth 13, 13, 14:10 (males), 12:10 (female); puncturation dense, reticulate except along mid-line and medially before raised region where there are a few punctures more widely separated (although interspaces shining overall impression dull) basal two thirds of longitudinal mid-line slightly raised to form a weak ridge, rest of disc broadly depressed on each side of mid-line, depressions deepest towards base; anterior margin slightly raised, most obviously so at sides; lateral teeth moderately developed, anterior tooth more prominent than others, which are obtuse (Fig. 28, 32–33). Elytra. Elongate, ratio of length to breadth, female 20:10, male 21, 22, 22:10; disc convex; interstriae 3, 5 and 7 raised, 3 raised slightly on basal two thirds, others obviously raised for greater part of length; 9 forms margin of declivity, somewhat carinate; setae arranged in herringbone pattern although not very obviously so; apex slightly curved in to suture. Legs. Male metafemora with a strong tooth on inner margin (Fig. 31); tarsi simple (third tarsomere not produced beneath fourth). Abdomen. First ventrite with femoral line very short (Fig. 30). Male genitalia (Fig. 34–38). Internal sac with teeth arranged in the form of an armature (Fig. 37); median strut gradually broadened to apex; area towards ostium with about 22 rods on each side; parameres long, 4 or 5 long setae at apex, shorter setae along outer margin of apical half, much shorter finer setae along inner margin; median lobe with fine short setae on dorsal surface, apex pointed; sternites 8 and 9 (Fig. 38), sternite 8 with several short fine setae towards each side. Material examined. Holotype female “Rep. Arg. Chaco Sant [green label, Grouvelle’s handwriting] / Type [orange printed label] / Museum Paris 1917 Coll. Grouvelle [recent Paris Mus. label] / Anausibius Wagneri ty. Grouv. [Grouvelle’s handwriting, see Discussion above]” (MNHN). Other material. (3 total) 1 male “Bańado Tucam. Weiser / Col. C. BRUCH / Mus. Arg. Cs. Nat. ” (dissected, MACN); 1 male “ La Cienega (Belén) Catamarca I. 1926 Weiser Wolters leg. / Col. C. BRUCH / Mus. Arg.Cs. Nat. ” (dissected, MACN); 1 male with same data as previous specimen except date “ XII. 1925 ” (not dissected, MACN)., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313 - 386."]}

Eunausibius Grouvelle Eunausibius Grouvelle 1913: 314. Discussion. Two species originally described in Eunausibius by Parsons (1974) are transferred to Nausibius as follows: Nausibius lophius (Parsons) new combination (= Eunausibius lophius Parsons) and Nausibius salutaris (Parsons) new combination (= Eunausibius salutaris Parsons) and Eunausibius wheeleri Schwarz and Barber, is placed in Coccidotrophus (see above in this paper). The description of one new species discovered during this study makes a total of three within Eunausibius. Diagnosis. Body elongate, moderately cylindrical, total length within species belonging to the genus can show considerable variation; for E. jatahyensis new species, the range of the eight specimens examined (the type series) is 3.71–9.60 mm, and that of seventeen of E. elongatus 3.00– 5.43 mm. Head with deep convergent antennal grooves beneath (Fig. 101). Antenna short with first antennomere hidden beneath genal margin and a gradually to more obviously developed club of four segments. Pronotum with anterior angles not strongly developed but lateral limit either defined by an inward expansion of the lateral pronotal rim joining a short impressed line (Fig. 91, 98–99) or just a small impression on the lateral rim. Males of the three known species with a small metafemoral tooth (see Fig. 103) and metatibiae striate on proximal side. Elytra each with 9 rows of punctures forming striae or punctate striate. Striae terminating before elytral apex, 6 and 7 of equal length and shorter than rest. Eunausibius and Coccidotrophus are similar genera, for comparisons see the genus diagnosis for the latter., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313 - 386.","Parsons CT. 1974. Two new species of Eunausibius (Coleoptera Cucujidae) from Brazil. Papeis Avulsos Zoologia, Sao Paulo 28 (10): 181 - 184, Fig. 12 - 22."]}

Halstead, David G. H. (2020): New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America. Insecta Mundi 2020 (842): 1-37, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Barber HS. 1928. 1 A new Bolivian silvanid beetle from the myrmecodomatia of Cordia. p. 167-168. In: Wheeler WM. Some Cordia and Triplaris insects. Psyche, a Journal of Entomology 35: 167-172.","Boving AG. 1921. The larvae and pupae of the social beetles Coccidotrophus socialis (Schwarz and Barber) and Eunausibius wheeleri (Schwarz and Barber) with remarks on the taxonomy of the family Cucujidae. Zoologica, New York 3 (7): 198-213, plates VII-X.","Grouvelle A. 1881. Cucujides nouveaux ou peu connus. 6th Memoire. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (6)1: 89-96 (p. 96), pl. 4, Fig. 12.","Grouvelle A. 1889. Cucujides nouveaux ou peu connus. 6th Memoire. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (6)9: 162, pl. 6, Fig. 6.","Grouvelle A. 1896. Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 65: 177-216, 17 Figures.","Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313-386.","Halstead DGH. 1973. A revision of the genus Silvanus Latreille (S.L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 29(2): 37-112.","Halstead DGH. 1980. A revision of the genus Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, including descriptions of related genera (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 69: 271-374.","Halstead DGH. 1993. Keys for the identification of beetles associated with stored products. II. Laemophloeidae, Passandridae and Silvanidae. Journal of Stored Products Research 29 (2): 99-197.","Halstead DGH. 1997. New Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer and related taxa from Africa (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Annales Zoologici 47(1): 189-198.","Parsons CT. 1974. Two new species of Eunausibius (Coleoptera Cucujidae) from Brazil. Papeis Avulsos Zoologia, Sao Paulo 28(10): 181-184, Fig. 12-22.","Reitter E. 1878. I. Neue Cucujidae des konigl. Museums in Berlin. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 28: 185-195.","Schwarz EA, Barber HS. 1921. Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera. Zoologica, New York 3(6): 189-197, plate VI.","Sharp D. 1899. Cucujidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insects, Coleoptera II (1): 499-563.","Wheeler WM. 1921. A study of some social beetles in British Guiana and of their relations to the ant-plant Tachigalia. Zoologica, New York 3: 35-126.","Wheeler WM. 1928. The Social Insects. Their Origin and Evolution. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd; London. xviii + 378 p.","Yoshida T, Hirowatari T, Hashim R. 2017. A new genus of Silvaninae (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) with two new species from the Malay Peninsula. Zootaxa 4258(4): 365-374."]}

Annomus Halstead, new genus Type species. Annomus bolivianus Halstead, new species, here designated. Discussion. Two specimens (male and female) of a new, small Bolivian beetle belonging to the Silvaninae were kindly sent to the author by Dr. M. C. Thomas for study and description. The relationship with other genera within the subfamily is not clear. However, this new genus has head and pronotal puncturation that is reminiscent of the widespread Monanus (Monanus) concinnulus (Walker) and also several other members of this subgenus. Of course, the pronotum of Monanus species (both those of Monanus (Monanus) and Monanus (Monanops)) differs from that of the new genus in many characters including for example in having lateral marginal denticles, about 8–14, not 5 large teeth, and having quite different genitalia with a long and thin median strut (Halstead 1993), unlike the broad and relatively short one of Annomus. Diagnosis. Characters which, apart from the general facies probably have significance for recognition of other members of Annomus, include the following: male genitalia of similar form to that illustrated (Fig. 121–122); a pair of setae on each pronotal lateral tooth; large punctures producing reticulation on pronotum; eyes large and prominent, equally exposed above and below; tarsal formula 5-5-5, with tarsomeres 1–3 each produced below to form an obvious lobe (Fig. 120)., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Halstead DGH. 1993. Keys for the identification of beetles associated with stored products. II. Laemophloeidae, Passandridae and Silvanidae. Journal of Stored Products Research 29 (2): 99 - 197."]}

Austronausibius Halstead Austronausibius Halstead 1980: 320., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Halstead DGH. 1980. A revision of the genus Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, including descriptions of related genera (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 69: 271 - 374."]}

Eunausibius tenebrionoides (Grouvelle) (Fig. 91–94) Nausibius tenebrionoides Grouvelle 1896: 193 (type examined). Eunausibius tenebrionoides (Grouvelle); Grouvelle 1913: 314. Diagnosis. See “Diagnosis” for Nausibius jatahyensis new species, a very similar species. Description. Eunausibius tenebrionoides is known only from the male holotype. Length 6.4 mm, elongate, total length to elytral breadth ratio 43.8:10.0, general appearance sub-cylindrical, dark brown, moderately shining, dorsum glabrous. Head. Slightly transverse (10.0:10.9), moderately raised medially on anterior half, slight depressions above antennal insertions, punctures small and separate on middle of head becoming larger and confluent laterally towards eyes; eyes in dorsal view flat, small, length: head length, 10:36, separated from front of head by 2× length of eye; antenna with 4-segmented club, last segment small, first antennal segment hidden beneath genal margin. Pronotum. Elongate, 13.3:10.0; lateral margins straight, parallel; lateral rim fine, inwardly produced as very short fine line below anterior angle; anterior angle slightly curved before apical margin; densely punctured, punctures confluent producing predominantly longitudinal rugosity, particularly obvious laterally where punctures become obsolete (pronotum without an obvious medial, longitudinal impunctate region). Elytra. Elongate, 24.4:10.0, sub-cylindrical, glabrous (at least in type); 9 rows of punctate striae on each elytron, including 2 on lateral declivity; interstriae mostly with single row of very small punctures, surface uneven with deep micro-reticulation as in E. jatahyensis; arrangement of elytral punctures similar to that of E. jatahyensis (see Fig. 102) but setae absent; fine impressed line present along sutural side of first punctate stria, near elytral apices (Fig. 91). First abdominal ventrite. Femoral line strongly produced, extending to apical third of ventrite (Fig. 92). Legs, male. Metafemora with extremely small tooth, all tibiae with fine striae on inner side (Fig. 91). Male genitalia. (Fig. 93–94) With median strut and internal sac similar to E. elongatus (see Fig. 108), also rods similar but 25–26 on each side; median lobe short, deeply emarginate and with 4 comparatively long setae on each side; parameres moderately long, setae present along outer margin and apical third of inner margin, those at apex very long (Fig. 94); sternites 8 and 9 transverse, 8 rounded at sides, not produced (Fig. 93). Taxonomic notes. The specimen in the MNHN labelled as “tenebrionoides” also “ Eunausibius tenebrionoides ” by Grouvelle, and bearing an old printed “Type” label (as other Grouvelle types) is a male (as figured by Grouvelle in the original description). It has the character states described by Grouvelle, of which the pronotal puncturation is particularly significant, but the locality of Bahia, which is on the specimen, is wrong for that recorded by Grouvelle (1896) who gives “Matusinhos (Minas Geraes)”. However, the specimen is here accepted as the holotype because there is no evidence to suggest that Grouvelle based his description on more than one specimen and the published locality record seems to be a mistake. Material examined. Holotype male “ S. Antonio da Barra Pr. de Bahia Gounelle 11-12. 88 [printed] / Type [printed] / Nausibius tenebrionoides Grouv. [handwritten on squared paper] / tenebrionoides Grouv. [Grouvelle’s handwriting on green label] / Eunausibius tenebrionoides Grouv. [Grouvelle’s handwriting on green label]” (MNHN). Distribution. Brazil., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Grouvelle A. 1896. Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 65: 177 - 216, 17 Figures.","Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313 - 386."]}

Synobius Sharp Synobius Sharp 1899: 558. Discussion. Synobius Sharp is a little-known genus containing two described species, Synobius lobicollis Sharp, 1899, described from Panama, and Synobius lobatus (Grouvelle, 1896), from Brazil. Grouvelle originally described his species in Nausibius and, although differing from this genus in general facies, it does seem to be more closely related to it than any other in the family. Grouvelle (1913) transferred his species to Synobius remarking that an examination of the figures of S. lobicollis and S. lobatus showed these species were very closely related. Indeed, one of the labels that he attached to his holotype following the establishment of the new genus by Sharp, suggests he thought that they might be conspecific. Sharp, when describing the genus, remarked that it was apparently allied to Nausibius, Cathartus Reiche and Hapalips Reitter (the last of these is now placed in the Erotylidae). He stated that ‘… the greatest peculiarity of the genus is the peculiar, glabrous, rigid antennae.’ and drew attention to the fact that the structure of the sterna is that normal in the ‘Silvanides’. In his accompanying species description, Sharp anticipated a myrmecophilous or termitophilous habit for this insect. The habitat data on the majority of specimens examined (see descriptions below) tends to confirm an inquiline relationship as they were found in nests of bees of the genus Trigona Jurine (Apidae). Diagnosis. This genus (Fig. 1–17, 123), as represented by the two known species, may be distinguished from Nausibius by its antennae, which have a very small, narrow terminal segment; the pronotum, which is without lateral teeth, has a strong indentation before the anterior angles that form rounded and in front slightly declivous lobes; and the elytra, which lack obvious striae (an unusual condition in Nausibius although it does occur). The tarsi in Synobius are simple (Fig. 2) and there are no antennal grooves on the head. Obvious secondary sexual characters have not been found although with larger individuals, more transverse pronota may be indicative of females, as is often the case in Nausibius and some other silvanine genera. Apart from the types in the MNHN (S. lobatu s) and NHML (S. lobicollis) the species are known to the author only from a small number of specimens from Nevermann’s collection made in the 1930s and now mainly in the USNM, but also NHML and MIZP (just S. lobicollis in these last two depositories). Nevermann believed that his material represented two new species and labelled the specimens as such but did not publish descriptions. Comparison of Nevermann’s specimens with S. lobatus and S. lobicollis has shown that they represent these two extremely similar and very obviously closely related taxa, which are maintained here as distinct species and redescribed., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 2-3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Sharp D. 1899. Cucujidae. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Insects, Coleoptera II (1): 499 - 563.","Grouvelle A. 1896. Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 65: 177 - 216, 17 Figures.","Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313 - 386."]}

Coccidotrophus wheeleri (Schwarz and Barber), new combination (Fig. 58–63, 67–69) Eunausibius wheeleri Schwarz and Barber 1921: 192 (paratypes examined). Description. This redescription is based on two paratypes, one of each sex. Measurements, ratios etc., are given for the male specimen first. Length 3.32 mm (male), 3.30 mm (female), length to breadth ratios, 53 and 51:10, Schwarz and Barber (1921) give length as 3.5 – 3.0 mm, breadth 0.75 – 0.60 mm (i.e., presumably ratios of 47 – 50:10); general appearance sub-cylindrical, color yellowish brown, shining, appearing glabrous. Head. Slightly longer than broad, margins in front of eyes sub-parallel before converging to front of head at midway; front of head weakly emarginate; obvious depressions present above insertion of antennae; eyes prominent, large with large facets, dorsal eye separation 6× breadth of eye in dorsal view; antennae robust, funicular segments transverse, club well developed with large segments; antennal grooves (beneath head) relatively long in comparison with head (Fig. 63); puncturation, moderately dense, less so between depressions, punctures include some paired ones also some arranged in short curved lines. Pronotum. Elongate, length to breadth ratio 14.5–15.0:10.0, sides almost straight from base of anterior angles to just before obtuse posterior angles, all margins with rim; disc with shallow longitudinal depressions on each side, deepest towards base; anterior angles weakly developed, very slightly produced forward, a very small depression encompassed by them (Fig. 58); median longitudinal line impunctate, elsewhere puncturation moderately dense, in general similar to that of C. socialis with punctures elongate, tending to be arranged in short lines some of them curved. Elytra. About 3 × as long as broad with narrow rim along suture and sides (Fig. 61). Legs. Male metafemora with small prominence on inner (proximal) margin and metatibiae with a small apical spine on proximal margin (Fig. 62); female without these characters. Abdomen. Femoral lines on first abdominal ventrite extending to about posterior quarter of ventrite; last abdominal ventrite convex medially, without a ridge along the edge. Male genitalia. (Fig. 67–69) Parameres rounded apically, 3 or 4 long setae at apex, group of very short setae along apical half of inner margins, many minute setae on surface as illustrated; median lobe with sides convergent to apex from basal half (it seems that apex has become bent over in preparation), irregular group of setae across middle; about 20 rods on each side of area towards ostium (Fig. 67); internal sac with various modified setae, as illustrated (Fig. 68); sternite 8 with a few short setae (Fig. 69). Material examined. One male and one female paratype, both with the same data labels: “Kartabo, Bartica Distr. Brit. Guiana W M Wheeler 1920 # 442 Aug 9 / wheeleri U. S. N. M. Paratype 24071 [red label]” (USNM). Additional types are in the USNM., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Schwarz EA, Barber HS. 1921. Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera. Zoologica, New York 3 (6): 189 - 197, plate VI."]}

Annomus bolivianus Halstead, new species (Fig. 120–122, 126) Description. This description is based on two specimens, one of each sex, from the same locality and exhibiting very little variation in body measurements. Nevertheless, measurements are included for both, those for the holotype (male) first. Length 2.18 mm (both types the same length) length to breadth ratios, 28:10, 26:10; pubescence obvious; color dark brown. Head. Breadth (across eyes) to length ratio of both specimens, 10:15; sides in front of eyes gradually converging to rounded apex; margins slightly raised above antennal insertions; eyes extremely large and very prominent; temples virtually absent; pubescence semi-recumbent directed towards middle from each side, particularly on vertex; vertex densely punctured with large, shallow punctures each with central seta, as on pronotum; antennal length to total body length ratios, 10:30, 10:25, apical antennomeres 9–11 forming a club, antennomere 8 smaller than 7 and 9, 4 shorter than 3, scape moderately robust, base hidden; maxillary and labial palps as in Silvanus spp. (Halstead 1973). Pronotum. (Fig. 120) Broader than long, greatest breadth excluding teeth to length ratios, 11.7:10.0, 12.6: 10.0; sides with 5 teeth, those at anterior and posterior angles not as prominent as others, each tooth with two long apical setae; densely punctured as on vertex of head; transverse somewhat oval depression present medially at basal quarter. Scutellar shield. Broad. Elytra. Length (both types) 1.7× maximum breadth; sides gradually tapered to apices, outer margins with a row of fringing setae, coarser, more erect and prominent than others, becoming shorter towards apices; strial punctures deep with area around each shallowly depressed, forming 9 rows of strial punctures on each elytron, 7 visible in dorsal view plus 2 before the lateral margin, punctures gradually becoming smaller after basal third and becoming indistinct towards apices (part of rows on basal third illustrated on Fig. 120, for details see Fig. 126). Thoracic sterna. All parts densely punctured (particularly the mesosternal process) consisting of large punctures separated by less than one diameter. Legs. Tarsomeres 1–3, produced below, each forming a conspicuous lobe; protibiae abruptly expanded on apical half (Fig. 120). Procoxal cavites. Closed behind. First abdominal ventrite. Without femoral lines. Male genitalia. (Fig. 121–122) Parameres at outer side of apical half bent over towards middle and consequently apices appear pointed, each paramere with 3 setae on margin; median lobe large, shallowly emarginate at apex; median strut broad, parallel sided to rounded apex; internal sac with spines as illustrated, pair of pointed sclerites near apex before ejaculatory duct, without an armature of rods; sternite 8 bearing a few short setae at sides (Fig. 122). Material examined. Holotype (male) and paratype (female) both with same locality and collecting data, “ BOLIVIA: El Beni Beni Stn, Palm Camp NE San Borja, 25–30 July 1988. T. Erwin ex: Fogging canopy”. The holotype is deposited in the USNM; the paratype in the FSCA. The holotype also has the following determination label, “new genus new species Silvaninae det M. C. Thomas 2010”. Etymology. The generic name Annomus is an anagram of Monanus., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 33-35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Halstead DGH. 1973. A revision of the genus Silvanus Latreille (S. L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology 29 (2): 37 - 112."]}

Coccidotrophus socialis Schwarz and Barber (Fig. 52–57, 64–66) Coccidotrophus socialis Schwarz and Barber 1921: 189 (types examined). Description. This description is based on two male paratypes and takes into account data from the original description. The illustration of half of the pronotum of a specimen of C. socialis, with sides very obviously narrowed to the middle (Fig. 54), was made from a photograph showing all characteristics of the species. The specimen illustrated was collected in Ecuador with C. cordiae but has not been seen by the author. Length of the two specimens examined 4.1 and 4.3 mm, length to breadth ratios, 54 and 56:10, Schwarz and& Barber (1921) gave length as 3.5 – 4.5 mm, breadth 0.6 – 0.8 mm (i.e., presumably length to breadth ratio of 58 – 56:10); general appearance sub-cylindrical, dark to reddish brown, shining and glabrous. Head. Slightly broader than long, tapering from in front of eyes to broad, v-shaped emargination, lateral margins (in front of eyes) moderately raised; shallow depressions present above antennal insertions, vertex with very shallow, longitudinal depression; basal half of head rugose and papillate, papillae minute, well separated and each bearing a short, fine (inconspicuous) seta, apical half with normal, sparser puncturation, punctures each with a short, fine seta; eyes in dorsal view rounded, small with small facets, dorsally separated by 8.6× or 10× breadth of eye in dorsal view; antennae robust, funicular segments strongly transverse, apical segments forming narrow club; antennal grooves (beneath head) relatively short (Fig. 57). Pronotum. Elongate, length to breadth ratio 14.5–15.0:10, slightly to obviously narrowed to middle (Fig. 52, 54), all margins with narrow rim, apical rim less obvious than others, small depressions present by anterior angles; disc more or less flat; anterior angles only slightly developed, not produced in front (semi-lateral view Fig. 53); narrow, medial, longitudinal impunctate region extending to apical quarter, puncturation on rest of dorsal side with moderately dense puncturation consisting of elongate, elliptical punctures appearing to be derived mainly from pairs of punctures, some punctures in short rows (puncturation similar to that of C. trinidadensis, Fig. 85), interspaces shining. Elytra. About 3× as long as broad with narrow rim along suture and sides; each elytron with 9 rows of punctures forming striae, a microscopic puncture bearing a minute seta present in front of each strial puncture and a regular interstrial row of these punctures (Fig. 56). Legs. Male tibiae all with a small apical spine on proximal margin, no other secondary sexual characters present on legs. Abdomen. Femoral lines on first abdominal ventrite extending to about caudal half; male, last abdominal ventrite with broad depression (similar to although not as deep as that of C. cordiae Fig. 72), apical margin of depression with obvious rim. Male genitalia. (Fig. 64 – 66) Parameres broadest on basal half, moderately tapered to rounded apex, with 7 – 8 long, mainly apical setae but one long seta half-way along outer edge of one paramere in specimen dissected, a similar number of short, fine setae in a group on outer edge within basal half and some of variable size along inner edge and towards apical long setae; median lobe gradually tapered to broad apparently slightly emarginate apex (apex difficult to see in slide preparation); area towards ostium with about 20 rods on each side (Fig. 64); internal sac (Fig. 65) with long sclerite at apex; sternite 8 on each side of apical margin with a few long setae towards middle followed by many very short setae (Fig. 66). Material examined. Two male specimens examined, one dissected, “Kartabo. Bartica Distr. Brit. Guiana W M Wheeler 1920 / socialis Sz &B Paratype no 24070 USNM [red label]” (Additional type specimens are in the NHML and USNM). Distribution and habitat. Guyana (types) and Ecuador. Associated with coccids in myrmecodermati on the anttree Tachigalia paniculata., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 17-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Schwarz EA, Barber HS. 1921. Descriptions of new species of Coleoptera. Zoologica, New York 3 (6): 189 - 197, plate VI."]}

Synobius lobatus (Grouvelle) (Fig. 1–8, 123) Nausibius lobatus Grouvelle 1896: 207 (type examined). Synobius lobatus (Grouvelle): Grouvelle 1913: 371. Synobius reichenspergeri Nevermann (manuscript name, unpublished - see below). Diagnosis. See S. lobicollis. Description. This description, including measurements, is based on 7 specimens with data label information as recorded below. Length 4.60–5.24 mm; length to breadth ratio (breadth, maximum across elytra) 27.5–29.5:10.0; dark red-brown, moderately shining, sub-depressed; fine, short, recumbent golden pubescence present, most obvious on elytra. Head. Breadth (across eyes) to length ratio, 14.1–16.3:10; punctures fine, setiferous; sides in front of eyes initially straight then forming obtuse angle, raised above antennal insertions; transverse, weakly arcuate impression across greater part of head between frons and vertex; clypeal region somewhat convex; temples absent; eyes small, separated dorsally by 10–12× width of eye in dorsal view; antennae, length to total body length ratio 10: 39–44, slightly clubbed, antennomere 11 (apical) very small, 8–10 (particularly 9 and 10) a little broader than 3–7 (Fig. 3); ventral prominence beneath antenna slightly broader than that of S. lobicollis (see Fig. 12 for S. lobicollis). Pronotum. (Fig. 1, 7–8) Slightly to more obviously transverse (not trapezoidal in specimens seen), medial breadth to midline length, 10.6–13.8:10.0, transversely less convex than elytra; margins with narrow rim; anterior angles forming lobes, laterally rounded, in front slightly declivous, smaller compared with pronotum than lobes of S. lobicollis; side margins of pronotum very shallowly, irregularly undulating; posterior angles only slightly produced; very shallow (inconspicuous) depressions on each side of disc towards anterior and posterior angles, a more obvious transverse depression towards base. Tarsi. (Fig. 2) Simple, not lobed, basal three tarsomeres each slightly smaller than previous one, tarsomere 4 very small, pretarsus about as long as basal three. Elytra. Ratio of length to greatest breadth (latter across basal quarter), 18.2–17.4:10.0, gradually curved to apex from greatest breadth; very narrowly explanate at sides before marginal rim; not obviously striate, 9 rows of punctures present although obscured by rows of very fine golden, recumbent setae (3 rows between each row of punctures) originating in low tubercles; humeri with short, curved, impressed line. Scutellar shield with transverse ridge joining raised basal margin of elytra. Male genitalia. Parameres (Fig. 4–6) long, sides almost parallel for much of length, 6 × as long as broad, setae restricted to apical part, outer margin with longest setae (6 or 7 in specimens seen), apex with a few shorter setae, inner margin bearing much shorter and finer setae (Fig. 6); median lobe longer than broad (Fig. 4–5), gradually tapered from base to rounded apex, degree of taper variable, a few small fine setae across middle; median strut very broadly expanded and almost semi-circular at apex then strongly narrowed to basal bifurcation where one thirteenth of breadth across apex; tegminal struts also broad at their apical junction; about 16 rods on each side towards ostium; internal sac with spines and, near ejaculatory duct, sclerites as in S. lobicollis (Fig. 16); sternites 8 and 9 similar to those of S. lobicollis (Fig. 17), with caudal margins straight, mainly short setae along them, at corners a few long setae (3 or 4 in specimens examined). Material examined. Holotype male “ Rio Grande do Sul / Type / TYPE / Museum Paris 1917 Coll.Grouvelle / lobatus ty Grouv [Grouvelle’s handwriting, black ink] / Synobius lobicollis Sharp v. prob. [handwritten, purple ink]” [dissected] (MNHN). Other material. (7 total) 7 specimens labelled by Nevermann “ Synobius Reichenspergeri new species m.” [manuscript name, unpublished] as follows: 1 male, “ Brasilien Est. Paraná Rio Negro 26. v. 36 slg. Nevermann [top of green label] Wilte O. F. M. col. Reichensperger ded. 10. viii. 36 [reverse of this label, all handwritten / Nest von Trigona [cream label, handwitten] / Cotype [pink print] / Synobius Reichenspergeri new species m. / det. Nevermann 1936 / 49 / Nevermann Collection 1940 / USNM 2045653” (USNM); 4, including male and female mounted together plus two separately mounted females, sex written on the cards, all with data as above but without “49” and with date on top of green label “15. vii. 36” and that on reverse of this label “19. x. 36” (USNM); 1 male, (on card male sign and “No. 94a”) “ Brasilien Est. Paraná Rio Negro 15. vii. 36 [top of green label] San Antonio Coleg. A. Reichensperger leg. Erh. 19. x. 36 [reverse of this label] / im Nest von Trigona / TYPE [red label] / Nevermann Collection 1940 / Synobius Reichenspergeri new species m. det. Nevermann 1936 / USNM 2045653” (USNM); 1 male, genitalia mounted on a separate card beneath card point holding specimen “ Paraná Rio Negro 15. vii. 36 Collegia San Antonio [on top of green label] Erhalten 19.x. 36 A. Reichensperger leg. [on reverse of this label] / im nest von Trapua Bienc Trigona / Cotype [pink label] / Nevermann Collection 1940 / Synobius Reichenspergeri new species m. det. Nevermann 1936 / USNM 2045653” (USNM)., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105, {"references":["Grouvelle A. 1896. Nitidulides, Colydiides, Cucujides et Parnides recoltes par M. E. Gounelle au Bresil et autres Clavicornes nouveaux d'Amerique. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 65: 177 - 216, 17 Figures.","Grouvelle A. 1913. Notes sur les Silvanini. Synonymies et descriptions de genres nouveaux et de nouvelles especes. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 81: 313 - 386."]}

Neocorimus thomasi Halstead, new species (Fig. 18–27) Description. The following description is based on a single male specimen. Length 2.7 mm; ratio of length to breadth 22:10. Dark brown, moderately shining, lateral margins of elytra and appendages appearing slightly lighter than rest of body; pubescence short, recumbent and golden. Head. Twice as broad as long; very slightly depressed on each side by eyes (Fig. 18); front margin slightly raised; clypeus virtually straight; eyes of moderate size, about twice as long as broad, separated dorsally across head by about 7× breadth of eye in dorsal view; antenna short with very gradually developed club of five antennomeres, 9 shorter and more transverse than 10, 10 larger than other antennomeres, 11 slightly longer than 10 and with pointed apex, antennomere 1 and base of 2 hidden from above by margin of head (Fig. 18–19); punctures fine (all setiferous) on frontal triangle, larger but shallow on each side towards eyes; deep, ventral antennal grooves present, inner margins of grooves almost straight and moderately convergent from base (behind eyes) to front (Fig. 19); dense puncturation and long setae on submentum near mentum (without secondary sexual setiferous pit). Pronotum. Transverse (ratio of breadth to length 15:10), strongly narrowed to apex, slightly narrowed to base (Fig. 18), nearly as broad across base as base of elytra; anterior margin very slightly sinuate (raised on each side); anterior angles produced, lateral limit indicated by inconspicuous indentations; sides explanate, lateral margin gently curved medially, shallowly undulating before base; disc with shallow depression medially before base; base with narrow marginal rim; punctures dense but shallow becoming larger towards sides where puncturation is reticulate, large and oval on explanate margins (largest longer than twice an eye facet diameter); sides of prosternum strongly declivous on each side near middle, giving impression that prosternum is prolonged to apical third. Elytra. Short, ratio of length to breadth 12:10; striae absent, only rows of setiferous tubercles present including 5 rows of closely aligned setiferous tubercles consisting of 1 row along suture plus 4 slightly raised rows on disc (latter apparently equivalent to raised interstriae such as are found in Metacorimus mroczkowskii Halstead and other Silvaninae), 4 or 5 uneven rows (Fig. 21 shows a small part of elytron, including mid-region of second and third raised rows) and 6 or 7 uneven rows between margin of disc and upturned explanate lateral margin; all setae directed caudally. Legs. In male (female, unknown but characters given here are assumed to be secondary sexual ones), mesotrochanter with apex of trochanter (by inner side of femur) very slightly produced (inconspicuous); metatrochanter with apex slightly but obviously produced and recurved (Fig. 22). Male genitalia (Fig. 23–27). Parameres curved, with two long apical setae plus a few short setae at apex, toothed prominence on apical third (Fig. 23–24); area towards ostium with about 22 rods on each side; median strut short, apically broad; median lobe with point at apex, line of 6 short setae (3 on each side) across middle of ventral side; internal sac with many small caudally directed spines (Fig. 25); sternite 8 with two long and 6 or 7 shorter setae on each side (Fig. 26–27). Material examined. Holotype male “N. VENEZUELA Estado Aragua P. Nac. Henri Pittier, Campo Experimental CENIAP Pozo del Diablo 400m / FOG 16. 11. v. 1990 Gallery forest. Cassia grandis J. G. Davies / Tray 16 / 355 / Bristol University Exped. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. 1992-6.” (NHML). Etymology. This species is named in honour of the late Dr. Michael C. Thomas. Michael was an excellent taxonomist whose beetle studies covered various families. He became primarily interested in some of the cucujoid families including the Silvanidae, Cucujidae, and Laemophloeidae, on which he published the results of several very important, major taxonomic studies., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2020, New and little known Coleoptera (Silvanidae: Silvaninae) from Central and South America, pp. 1-37 in Insecta Mundi 2020 (842) on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354105

Airaphilus abei sp. nov. [Japanese name: Hyoutan-hoso-hiratamushi] (Figs 1���3) Type material. HOLOTYPE: ���, Kokeyachi bog, Tsugaru City, Aomori Prefecture, Japan, 5. V. 1992, Azuma Abe leg. (EUMJ). PARATYPES: 1♀ and 2 unsexed specimens, same data as (EUMJ); 1 unsexed specimen, ABE76-373 [the label data is missing], Azuma Abe leg. (SEHU). Description. Habitus (Fig. 1). BL: 2.77���3.36 mm (n = 4). Surface dark brown except for reddish brown antennae, legs, elytra and distal abdominal ventrites; setae golden. Head (Figs 1, 2A). Subquadrate, slightly shorter than wide, HL 0.43���0.49 mm, HW 0.50���0.56 mm, HW/HL 1.10���1.22; IE/HL 0.72���0.80 (n = 4); genal region (front of eyes) a little enlarged laterally, frontal region with paired yellowish setae; temples very short. Eyes moderate in size, strongly protruding, longer than length of antennomere I. Punctation sparse and shallow, consisting of punctures of various sizes, interspaces between punctures with reticulate microsculpture. Pubescence thick and short, ventrally composed of thinner setae, directed toward posterior. Labrum completely covered by clypeus. Antennae (Fig. 2A) very long (about half as long as body), with trimerous club; antennomere XI asymmetric, outer side somewhat concave; all antennomeres densely covered with thin, short and semi-elect pubescence plus some thin, longer erect setae; antennal total length and antennomere approximate length ratios from base to apex, both for the holotype, 1.35 mm; 1.6: 1.2: 1.3: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.0: 1.2: 1.1: 1.8. Pronotum (Fig. 1) longitudinally oval, gradually narrowed towards anterior and posterior margins, widest slightly anterior to middle; anterior margin width almost equal to (not exceeding) head width across eyes, PL 0.67���0.81 mm, PW 0.58���0.72 mm, PL/PW 1.12���1.16 (n = 4); lateral margins with about 12 small teeth at regular intervals, each bearing a short thick seta; anterior margin a little wider than neck of head; surface of pronotum with punctation sparse and shallow, including longitudinal, oval punctures, interspaces with reticulate microsculpture, pubescence moderately dense and short, directed from sides posteriorly and towards midline; anterior margin with setae mainly directed anteriorly and towards middle on each side. Scutellar shield wide, about twice as wide as long, width slightly less than eye length. Elytra (Fig. 1A) elongate, oval, EL 1.66���2.05 mm, EW 0.73���1.00 mm (greatest width posterior to middle), EW/BL 0.26���0.30, EW/EL 0.44���0.49 (n=4), with widely rounded apices. Strial punctures small and very shallow, bearing short thick setae on anterior margins. Lateral margins with many minute denticles at bases of setae, without obvious humeral tooth. Hind wing absent. Legs (Fig. 2B) long, with reticulate to rugose microsculpture, covered with many short setae, thinner than those of pronotum; femora thick, profemora moderately expanded; tibiae gradually widening distally, apically with some short conical spine-like setae; tarsi (Fig. 2C) long, tarsomeres I���III large and lobed; claws simple. Ventral surface (Fig. 1B). Metaventrite long, about 3/4�� as long as abdominal ventrite I, with punctation sparser than on pronotum; mesoventrite with larger and deeper punctation than other ventrites; setae thinner than those of pronotum, each located by a puncture and directed anteriorly on prosternum, and posteriorly on meso- and metaventrites; ventrites mostly covered with coarse transverse microsculpture; intercoxal process of procoxae widening toward base; mesocoxal process narrowed posteriorly, somewhat widened near apex. Abdomen more than 1.5�� as long as wide; intercoxal process narrowed towards base and rounded; femoral line absent; setae short and thin. Male genitalia (Figs 2 B���H). Tergite VIII transversely oblong, about twice as long as wide, with many short setae along posterior margin; sternite VIII with paired small oblong plates connected by a membrane, ventrally with several very short setae, with two setae of medium length on each posterior portion; sternite IX Y-shaped, widening around middle; branches with moderately sclerotized plates, densely pubescent with short setae on each inner area (Fig. 2B). Median lobe (Figs 2C, D) with rounded apex, longer than wide, with sparse and weak punctation on apical 1/4; median strut Y-shaped with short branches, long and somewhat broad, less than 3�� as long as median lobe; ostium opening ventrally around apex (Fig. 2C). Parameres (Fig. 2E) elongate, enlarged at basal 1/3, gradually narrowed toward apex, connected to each other at inner margin of basal 1/3, except on area around basal inner margin covered with many short setae, with some median length to long setae around apices. Phallobase (Fig. 2E) moderately long; tegminal strut short Y-shaped, branches widely divergent with a membrane between them; basal piece transversely oblong, with long branches extending from anterior angles and connected to tegminal strut, a membrane present between branches, posterior margin concave at junction of parameres. Internal sac (Fig. 2D) very long, apex with a long and thin strut (ejaculatory duct) and a U-shaped small plate, with long and more or less angulated armature in apical half, U-shaped thin strut around basal half. Differential diagnosis. Airaphilus abei sp. nov. is similar to A. filiformis (Rosenhauer, 1856), another apterous species, but it can be distinguished by having the following characters: 1) Antennae about half as long as body (similarly long antennae present also in a few other species); in A. filiformis obviously less than half as long. 2) Anterior margin of pronotum narrow, about as wide as (not wider than) head across eyes; in A. filiformis wider than head across eyes. 3) Elytra without a humeral tooth, somewhat rounded to base and more rounded to apices; in A. filiformis elytra each with a poorly developed humeral tooth, distinctly narrowed to base and more narrowed to apices. 4) Metaventrite, about 3/4 as long as abdominal ventrite I; in A. filiformis metaventrite shorter, about 1/2 the length of this ventrite. The general appearance of the new species (head, thorax, and elytra) particularly the shape of the pronotum, also the absence of a femoral line on the abdominal ventrite I (in contrast to those species where it is present) plus characters given above, are also useful for distinguishing A. abei sp. nov. from other superficially similar ones. As far as the authors are aware, male genitalia of Airaphilus species have been illustrated for only three species; those of A. serricollis Reitter, 1878 were illustrated and described by SENGUPTA & PAL (1996), and those of A. doramas Wurst & Lange, 1996 were similarly treated by WURST & LANGE (1996). Genitalia of A. seabrai Luna de Carvalho, 1951 were illustrated without description by LUNA DE CARVALHO (1951). Comparison of the genitalia of A. abei sp. nov. with these published illustrations showed that the new species differs from them in the form of one or more parts, i.e., parameres, including shape and/or setae on them, median lobe and basal piece. A few additional species, examined by one of the authors (D. Halstead), also revealed some differences in these parts suggesting that male genitalia, particularly the parameres, may provide a guide to species limits and be helpful in identification. Biological notes. All specimens were collected from the marsh vegetation with ground beetles and/or diving beetles. Etymology. This new species is dedicated to Dr. Azuma Abe who collected all of the type specimens. Distribution. Japan (Aomori Prefecture)., Published as part of Yoshida, Takahiro, Halstead, David G. H. & Hirowatari, Toshiya, 2019, Discovery of the genus Airaphilus (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) in Japan, with a description of a potentially endangered new species, pp. 211-216 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (1) on pages 212-215, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0018, http://zenodo.org/record/4505350, {"references":["SENGUPTA T. & PAL T. K. 1996: Fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Calvicornia [sic!]: Coleoptera, family Silvanidae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 262 pp.","WURST C. & LANGE F. 1996: Airaphilus doramas n. sp., ein neuer Plattkafer von den Kanarischen Inseln (Coleoptera, Silvanidae). Mitteilungen des Entomologischen Vereins Stuttgart 31: 59 - 64.","LUNA DE CARVALHO E. 1951: Notas coleopterologicas (IV nota). Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciencias Naturais (Serie 2) 3: 161 - 171."]}

Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, 1899 Oryzaephilus is a relatively small genus containing 16 species including the new one described below. It is indigenous to the Old World and is well represented in Africa. All species have six lateral teeth on each side of the pronotum that are moderately to strongly developed. In males the tooth at the anterior angle is sometimes conspicuously more strongly developed than the others. In addition, the sides of the pronotal disc are raised to form lateral ridges (one at each side) and usually a median longitudinal ridge is also present. They have 5 tarsomeres, the 4 th (penultimate) very small, and the 3 rd apically slightly broader than previous tarsomeres and concave to receive the 4 th. Two pest species, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus, 1758) (the Saw-toothed Grain Beetle) and Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel, 1889) (the Merchant Grain Beetle), are virtually cosmopolitan having been introduced to many parts of the world in association with grain and various other stored food products. Consequently, Oryzaephilus is a well-known genus throughout the greater part of the world. Although the two pest species have occasionally been collected under bark, trapping records for other field species suggest that humus, fallen seeds and dead plant material in general may be more important as natural habitats for the genus. The most recent revision of Oryzaephilus is that of the author (HALSTEAD 1980). Since then two additional species have been described (HALSTEAD 1997)., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2012, New species of Oryzaephilus and Silvanolomus from Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Silvaninae), pp. 223-231 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 on page 224, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354295, {"references":["HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1980: A revision of the genus Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, including descriptions of related genera (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 69: 271 - 374.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1997: New Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer and related taxa from Africa (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 47: 189 - 198."]}

Silvanolomus depressus sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 8–11) Type locality. Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam plateau, Firmihin (Dracaena forest), 12°28.6′N, 54°01.1′E, 490 m. Type material. HOLOTYPE: dissected J (NMPC): ‘ YEMEN, SOCOTRA Island / Dixam plateau Firmihin (Dracaena forest) / 12°28.6′N, 54°01.1′E, 490m. / J. Bezděk leg., 15-16.xi.2010 ’. PARATYPE: 1 dissected ♀, with the same data as holotype (NMPC). Description (measurements/ratios given for holotype first): Body. Brown, vertex of head and disc of pronotum appearing flat. Length 2.0 mm, 2.2 mm; length: maximum elytral breadth ratios, 30.74: 10, 29.7: 10. Pubescence golden. Head. Length: breadth across eyes ratios, 10: 13.75, 10: 14.37; eyes very large and protuberant (as usual in the genus), separated across mid-line by ×4.8, ×5.0 breadth, length: breadth ratio 23.1: 10, 24.62: 10; antennal length about 1/3 body length; vertex almost flat, with puncturation coarsely reticulate. Pronotum. Length: maximum breadth ratio, 11.81: 10, 11.02: 10 i.e., slightly more elongate in male than in female seen (although possibly significant, similar sexual difference has not been observed in other Silvanolomus – more material is required for confirmation); puncturation as on vertex of head, coarsely reticulate; disc overall shallowly depressed (appearing almost flat at low magnification), depression deepest toward base; lateral margins with teeth obsolete, represented by six very small prominences (anterior and posterior angles included), most obvious in larger (female) specimen, coarse punctures at pronotal edge producing an uneven margin between prominences. Elytra. Slightly less than ×2 as long as broad, length: maximum breadth ratios, 18.4: 10, 18.1: 10; interstriae with setae arranged in alternate single and double rows, one row on 1 st (sutural) interstriae, two on 2 nd etc. Male genitalia (Figs. 10–11). Internal sac as in Fig. 10, usual form in Silvanolomus, rows of 11–13 obvious rods on each side towards ostium; median lobe somewhat triangular, apex rounded, row of setae across basal half; parameres, at about apical third tapered from distal margin to apex, bearing 5–6 long setae along apical margin, longest more than half as long as parameres, few short setae on distal half at beginning of taper. Differential diagnosis. This species differs from other described and new ones known to the author in having the pronotal disc shallowly depressed and appearing rather flat, and the head with the vertex comparatively flat. Other species have the pronotum and head obviously, transversely, moderately convex. Poorly developed pronotal teeth, although somewhat variable, are also a characteristic of S. inermis (Japan, China and Korea). In addition, this species has similar genitalia but they differ from those of the new species as follows: the median lobe appears more triangular (sides straighter) and the parameres more widely separated, more parallel sided and with the point of taper a little closer to the apex (cf. Figs. 11–12). Relatively poorly developed teeth are also present on the pronotum of S. pullus (distribution Africa and South Yemen) but teeth in this species are generally more easily distinguished from the smaller prominences between them. The male genitalia of S. depressus sp. nov. and S. pullus do not appear to differ in any significant way, suggesting that they are very closely related. However, separate species status has been given to the taxon based principally on the rather unique character provided by the shallowly depressed pronotal disc. Etymology. The name refers to the pronotal disc. Distribution. So far known only from the type locality in Socotra Island., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2012, New species of Oryzaephilus and Silvanolomus from Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Silvaninae), pp. 223-231 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 on pages 228-230, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354295

Halstead, David G. H. (2012): New species of Oryzaephilus and Silvanolomus from Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Silvaninae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52: 223-231, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5354295, {"references":["AITKEN A. D. 1965: A new species of Oryzaephilus (Col. Silvanidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 34: 123-126.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1980: A revision of the genus Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, including descriptions of related genera (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 69: 271-374.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1993: Keys for the identification of beetles associated with stored products. II. Laemophloeidae, Passandridae and Silvanidae. Journal of Stored Products Research 29: 99-197.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1997: New Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer and related taxa from Africa (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Annales Zoologici (Warszawa) 47: 189-198.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 2011:Order Coleoptera, family Silvanidae.Pp.233-245.In: HARTEN A.VAN (ed.): Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Volume 4. Multiply Marketing Consultancy Services, Abu Dhabi, 832 pp.","SENGUPTA T. & PAL T.K. 1996:Fauna of India and the adjacent countries, Calvicornia [sic!]: Coleoptera Family Silvanidae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, [10] + 262 pp."]}

Oryzaephilus gibbosus Aitken, 1965 (Fig. 7) Material examined. 1 dissectedJ, ‘ YEMEN, SOCOTRA Isl./ GPS 12.652N, 54.024E; 10m / Hadibu, 11.-23.xi.2000 / V. Bejček & K. Šťastný leg’ (NMPC); 1 ♀, ‘ YEMEN, SOQOTRA-ARCHIPEL. SOQOTRA / Wadi Danegan, Barbelfallen, 90m / 12°36′59″N 54°03′48″E, / 28.-30.x.2000 / leg: T. van. Harten & H. Pohl SOQ 2000/02a // HLMD-Col-933’ (HLMD). Notes. Oryzaephilus gibbosus is widespread in Africa but has not previously been recorded from Socotra. In the past it was found on East African coconuts and coconut shell (AITKEN 1965) imported to the United Kingdom. It has also been found on other oilseeds, sifted from compost, and caught in a soil trap (HALSTEAD 1980). Some notes on characters for distinguishing O. gibbosus and O. socotraensis sp. nov. are included in the differential diagnosis for the latter species. In addition, O. gibbosus males have a spine on the metafemora, as well as the other secondary sexual characters of the hind legs. The typical form of the parameres and median lobe of this species is illustrated in Fig. 7. For additional line illustrations of O. gibbosus and its genitalia, see HALSTEAD (1980, 1993)., Published as part of Halstead, David G. H., 2012, New species of Oryzaephilus and Silvanolomus from Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Silvanidae: Silvaninae), pp. 223-231 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 on page 228, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5354295, {"references":["AITKEN A. D. 1965: A new species of Oryzaephilus (Col. Silvanidae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B) 34: 123 - 126.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1980: A revision of the genus Oryzaephilus Ganglbauer, including descriptions of related genera (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 69: 271 - 374.","HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1993: Keys for the identification of beetles associated with stored products. II. Laemophloeidae, Passandridae and Silvanidae. Journal of Stored Products Research 29: 99 - 197."]}

The Silvanidae and Laemophloeidae of the Maltese archipelago are reviewed, based on literature records and, where available, examination of voucher material, as well as the study of additional material collected in recent years. A total of five species of Silvanidae are included of which, Airaphilus nasutus Chevrolat, 1860 and Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel, 1889) represent new records for the Maltese Islands. Silvanus lewisi Reitter, 1876, a tropical species, was collected alive from under bark of logs imported from Cameroon (intended for the timber industry). Six species of Laemophloeidae are also recorded from the Maltese Islands, of which, Placonotus testaceus (Fabricius, 1787), Cryptolestes capensis (Waltl, 1834), C. pusilloides (Steel & Howe, 1952) and Leptophloeus juniperi (Grouvelle, 1874) represent new records for the Maltese Islands. The record of Leptophloeus hypobori (Perris, 1855) by Cameron & Caruana Gatto (1907) was found to be incorrect as their material is Cryptolestes capensis (Waltl, 1834)., peer-reviewed