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Starting in the socio-cultural changes associated with the recent proliferation of various post-terms, this essay explores Mattias Martinson’s proposal for a theological response to these developments. Based on Martinson’s Post-Christian Theology and The Cathedral in the Center, the essay sketches a post-Christian theology that attempts to transcend both traditional Christian theology and atheism as a response to a societal situation of widespread disbelief. To address the ambivalence of the post-Christian society, post-Christian theology needs to be open, adaptable, and provisional, characterized by a ‘neither/nor’ and an ‘in-between,’ rather than by strong metaphysical claims. In a second step, the essay investigates the post-Christian Christian church. To this end, the essay develops an ecclesiological heuristic model to examine the ecclesiological implications of Martinson’s proposal. Situating the Christian church in the nexus of tensions between the divine and the human, the past and the future, and the open and the bounded, the essay demonstrates how the post-Christian church breaks with the established ecclesiological thinking about the church, rejecting the divine elements, the normativity of past and future, and the boundedness of the church. The result is a flattened or weakened church that is better described as a post-Christian atheist church.

The paper studies the degree of engagement in questions of HIV in the local Anglican Church in Ocean View, Cape Town, using a triangulation design combining participant observation, survey results and interviews. Survey results from two other parishes in the Cape Town area and from clergy in the dioceses of Cape Town and False Bay are used to extend the material and to establish wider patterns in an extended case study approach. The findings show that people in the congregation of St Clare of Assisi in Ocean View are generally aware of HIV. The “buzz” around HIV has however subsided. The congregation is not directly engaged in work relating to HIV anymore and HIV is more mentioned than talked about in the church. HIV stigma continues to pose a challenge to the response to HIV at the local level. Conceptualisations of HIV vary markedly among members of the congregation with a majority seeing HIV+ people as living positively. There is also a group that strongly associates HIV with death, dirt and filth. The results are confirmed to hold also in other parishes of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa in the Western Cape. To work towards the prevention of HIV, the local church needs to put HIV back on the agenda and continue to speak about the virus by integrating HIV perspectives into the current framework.