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Aims: To describe nursing students' experiences of a TeamSTEPPS® longitudinal team training program and the application of teamwork skills in clinical practice. Design: A descriptive qualitative design. Methods: Overall, 22 nursing students participated in six online focus group interviews after attending a TeamSTEPPS® team training program from their first semester. The data were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using inductive content analysis and reported following the COREQ guidelines. The focus group interviews took place in the students' fifth's semester. Results: The main category “Learning teamwork is not an event; it's a journey” emerged from 3 generic categories and 12 subcategories. The participants reported that grasping the relevance of team training and the use of teamwork skills takes time. Utilizing these skills improved their awareness of being a team member and facilitated learning. Conclusion: Team training raised the participants' awareness of teamwork as an essential component of being a professional nurse. Additionally, understanding the complexity of teamwork takes time.

Aim: To test the reliability and structural validity of the Norwegian version of the TeamSTEPPS(R) Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (T-TAQ) among Bachelor of Nursing students. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Bachelor of Nursing students (N = 1,624) at three campuses in different regions of Norway were invited to complete the survey. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Three models were tested. Model 3 was a post hoc modification with a correlation between four negatively worded items. The data was collected in September 2018 and May-June 2019. Results: A total of 509 students were included in the study. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.44-0.70 for the dimensions and was 0.79 for the total questionnaire. The fit indexes of model 3 were as follows: RMSEA = 0.043, chi-square = 724.3 (p < .000), normed chi-square = 1.862, TLI = 0.812 and CFI = 0.832. The questionnaire shows some potential to display attitudes towards teamwork in health care among Bachelor of Nursing students. Low Cronbach's alpha in the dimensions might indicate that the questionnaire should be considered used as a unidimensional questionnaire.

BackgroundEffective teamwork is essential for delivering safe health care. It is important to increase patient safety in healthcare by conducting interprofessional team training with both healthcare professionals and undergraduate students. Validated questionnaires that evaluate team training activities contribute to valuable knowledge regarding changes in attitudes toward teamwork. The aim of the study was to test the reliability and structural validity of the Swedish version of the TeamSTEPPS (R) Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (T-TAQ).MethodsThe study had a cross-sectional design. Four hospitals in three health care regions in Sweden participated in the study. In total, 458 healthcare professionals, response rate 39.4%, completed the questionnaire. The T-TAQ, which consists of 30 items and covers five dimensions (Team Structure, Leadership, Situation Monitoring, Mutual Support and Communication), was translated to Swedish. A paper version of the T-TAQ was distributed to healthcare professionals (physicians, registered nurses, midwives, nursing assistants and allied health professionals) from the hospitals. Reliability and validity were tested using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsCronbach's alpha was 0.70 for the total T-TAQ and ranged from 0.41 to 0.87 for the individual dimensions. The goodness-of-fit indexes in the confirmatory factor analysis (Model 2) revealed a normed chi-square of 2.96, a root mean square error of approximation of 0.068, a Tucker-Lewis index of 0.785 and a comparative fit index of 0.808.ConclusionsThe Swedish version of the T-TAQ has some potential to measure healthcare professionals' general attitudes toward the core components of teamwork in hospital settings. Further validation studies of the Swedish version of the T-TAQ are required, with samples representing both healthcare professionals and students from various healthcare disciplines and educational levels.

Aim:To describe healthcare professionals' perceptions of patient safety with a focus on the woman in connection to childbirth.Design: A descriptive and qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach.Methods: Individual qualitative face-to-face interviews with 19 healthcare professionals (midwives, nursing assistants and physicians) were conducted in three labour wards in Sweden. The data were analysed according to Dahlgren and Fallsberg's seven steps.Results: The informants' perceptions of patient safety for the women were identified in four qualitative different descriptive categories: Safeguarding the woman, Safeguarding the birth process, Respecting the individual and the team and Managing workforce and learning. Supportive care and listening to the woman were important for patient safety. It was crucial to follow labour stages and to avoid unnecessary interventions. An open and tolerant atmosphere between the healthcare professionals improved decision-making, and a reasonable workload was essential for ensuring safe care.

Healthcare professionals' attitudes play a significant role in influencing team behavior, and thereby affect the quality and safety of patient care. Culturally adapted and validated questionnaires may contribute valuable knowledge of professionals' attitudes toward teamwork. The aim of the study was to translate and cross-validate the TeamSTEPPS Teamwork Attitude Questionnaire (T-TAQ) into Norwegian, and to test the questionnaire for psychometric properties among Norwegian healthcare professionals. The T-TAQ, measuring five dimensions of attitude towards teamwork, was translated according to a model of back translation. Healthcare professionals (N = 247) from various hospital settings responded. A Pearson correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), test-retest reliability, Cronbach's alpha, and McDonald's omega were conducted. The inter-correlation test of the T-TAQ dimensions ranged from 0.16 to 0.54. The CFA showed a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation of (RMSEA) = 0.061. Test-retest showed Intraclass Correlation Coefficient scores from 0.73 to 0.86, with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega demonstrating values from 0.53 to 0.76 (alpha) and 0.57 to 0.76 (omega) on the five dimensions. The Norwegian version of T-TAQ revealed potential concerning the psychometric property for measuring healthcare professionals' attitudes toward teamwork in hospital settings. Further testing with a sample that is more proportionally composed in terms of an interprofessional mix is therefore proposed.