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BackgroundAlthough the Health & Fitness category of the Apple App Store features hundreds of calorie counting apps, the extent to which popular calorie counting apps include health behavior theory is unknown. ObjectiveThis study evaluates the presence of health behavior theory in calorie counting apps. MethodsData for this study came from an extensive content analysis of the 10 most popular calorie counting apps in the Health & Fitness category of the Apple App Store. ResultsEach app was given a theory score to reflect the extent to which health behavior theory was integrated into the app. The highest possible score was 60. Out of the 10 apps evaluated, My Diet Coach obtained the highest theory score of 15. MapMyFitness and Yumget received the lowest scores of 0. The average theory score among the apps was 5.6. ConclusionsMost of the calorie counting apps in the sample contained minimal health behavior theory.

Systemic inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) delays aging and many age‐related conditions including arterial and metabolic dysfunction. However, the mechanisms and tissues involved in these beneficial effects remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that activation of S6K, a downstream target of mTOR, is increased in arteries with advancing age, and that this occurs preferentially in the endothelium compared with the vascular smooth muscle. Induced endothelial cell‐specific deletion of mTOR reduced protein expression by 60–70%. Although this did not significantly alter arterial and metabolic function in young mice, endothelial mTOR reduction reversed arterial stiffening and improved endothelium‐dependent dilation (EDD) in old mice, indicating an improvement in age‐related arterial dysfunction. Improvement in arterial function in old mice was concomitant with reductions in arterial cellular senescence, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The reduction in endothelial mTOR also improved glucose tolerance in old mice, and this was associated with attenuated hepatic gluconeogenesis and improved lipid tolerance, but was independent of alterations in peripheral insulin sensitivity, pancreatic beta cell function, or fasted plasma lipids in old mice. Lastly, we found that endothelial mTOR reduction suppressed gene expression of senescence and inflammatory markers in endothelial‐rich (i.e., lung) and metabolically active organs (i.e., liver and adipose tissue), which may have contributed to the improvement in metabolic function in old mice. This is the first evidence demonstrating that reducing endothelial mTOR in old age improves arterial and metabolic function. These findings have implications for future drug development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the historical background of the installation of experimental laboratories for wind energy development which transformed the landscape of the Altamont Pass in the eastern Alameda County, California in 1980. As stated by some observers that California is an ideal site for the application of this technology. This is due to the six major mountain passes requirements of a wind resource area met by the site including winds averaging and inexpensive range acreage.

Background: Although the Health & Fitness category of the Apple App Store features hundreds of calorie counting apps, the extent to which popular calorie counting apps include health behavior theory is unknown. Objective: This study evaluates the presence of health behavior theory in calorie counting apps. Methods: Data for this study came from an extensive content analysis of the 10 most popular calorie counting apps in the Health & Fitness category of the Apple App Store. Results: Each app was given a theory score to reflect the extent to which health behavior theory was integrated into the app. The highest possible score was 60. Out of the 10 apps evaluated, My Diet Coach obtained the highest theory score of 15. MapMyFitness and Yumget received the lowest scores of 0. The average theory score among the apps was 5.6. Conclusions: Most of the calorie counting apps in the sample contained minimal health behavior theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nominating primary confidants (i.e., safety plan nominees) is central to safety planning for suicide but there is a dearth of research about such confidants-a serious oversight given their high-leverage position to affect pathways into clinical care. Informed by advance care planning (ACP) work, this study examined differences between social network members who were and were not identified as primary confidants on attributes that could impact their effectiveness in a helping role. Using social network methodology, information was collected from 41 individuals with affective disorders about the 332 people and relationships in their networks. Logistic regression analysis revealed that being perceived as capable of managing stress and prioritizing the participant's best interests over one's own increased the odds of being a primary confidant. Clinicians working with suicidal individuals may benefit from integrating ACP principles-which recognize the thoughtful selection of nominees based on specific attributes-into their safety planning procedures.

It is important to explore factors that could help or hinder one's wellbeing following a suicide attempt, which could yield not only negative consequences but also posttraumatic growth (PTG; positive changes following a traumatic event). The present study used a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to test the relationship between disclosure, PTG, and posttraumatic depreciation among suicide attempt survivors when controlling for time since attempt and to test whether these effects remained after controlling for quality of support from family and friends. Suicide attempt survivors ( n = 159) completed an online survey about their experiences. Increases in disclosure to family and friends but not to healthcare providers predicted changes in PTG. The effects of family disclosure remained even after controlling for quality of support. Disclosure to healthcare providers demonstrated some statistical effects on PTG, yet in the opposite direction and only after controlling for quality of support. The control variables-time since attempt and quality of support-were the only variables that predicted a change in posttraumatic depreciation. These findings suggest there is value in disclosing one's personal story to family regardless of whether one receives supportive responses and that social support can impact one's PTG.