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2. A comprehensive quantification of global nitrous oxide sources and sinks.

Author

Tian, Hanqin, Xu, Rongting, Canadell, Josep G, Thompson, Rona L, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Suntharalingam, Parvadha, Davidson, Eric A, Ciais, Philippe, Jackson, Robert B, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Prather, Michael J, Regnier, Pierre, Pan, Naiqing, Pan, Shufen, Peters, Glen P, Shi, Hao, Tubiello, Francesco N, Zaehle, Sönke, Zhou, Feng, Arneth, Almut, Battaglia, Gianna, Berthet, Sarah, Bopp, Laurent, Bouwman, Alexander F, Buitenhuis, Erik T, Chang, Jinfeng, Chipperfield, Martyn P, Dangal, Shree RS, Dlugokencky, Edward, Elkins, James W, Eyre, Bradley D, Fu, Bojie, Hall, Bradley, Ito, Akihiko, Joos, Fortunat, Krummel, Paul B, Landolfi, Angela, Laruelle, Goulven G, Lauerwald, Ronny, Li, Wei, Lienert, Sebastian, Maavara, Taylor, MacLeod, Michael, Millet, Dylan B, Olin, Stefan, Patra, Prabir K, Prinn, Ronald G, Raymond, Peter A, Ruiz, Daniel J, van der Werf, Guido R, Vuichard, Nicolas, Wang, Junjie, Weiss, Ray F, Wells, Kelley C, Wilson, Chris, Yang, Jia, and Yao, Yuanzhi

Subjects
Crops, Agricultural, Nitrogen, Nitrous Oxide, Atmosphere, Internationality, Human Activities, Agriculture, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O), like carbon dioxide, is a long-lived greenhouse gas that accumulates in the atmosphere. Over the past 150 years, increasing atmospheric N2O concentrations have contributed to stratospheric ozone depletion1 and climate change2, with the current rate of increase estimated at 2 per cent per decade. Existing national inventories do not provide a full picture of N2O emissions, owing to their omission of natural sources and limitations in methodology for attributing anthropogenic sources. Here we present a global N2O inventory that incorporates both natural and anthropogenic sources and accounts for the interaction between nitrogen additions and the biochemical processes that control N2O emissions. We use bottom-up (inventory, statistical extrapolation of flux measurements, process-based land and ocean modelling) and top-down (atmospheric inversion) approaches to provide a comprehensive quantification of global N2O sources and sinks resulting from 21 natural and human sectors between 1980 and 2016. Global N2O emissions were 17.0 (minimum-maximum estimates: 12.2-23.5) teragrams of nitrogen per year (bottom-up) and 16.9 (15.9-17.7) teragrams of nitrogen per year (top-down) between 2007 and 2016. Global human-induced emissions, which are dominated by nitrogen additions to croplands, increased by 30% over the past four decades to 7.3 (4.2-11.4) teragrams of nitrogen per year. This increase was mainly responsible for the growth in the atmospheric burden. Our findings point to growing N2O emissions in emerging economies-particularly Brazil, China and India. Analysis of process-based model estimates reveals an emerging N2O-climate feedback resulting from interactions between nitrogen additions and climate change. The recent growth in N2O emissions exceeds some of the highest projected emission scenarios3,4, underscoring the urgency to mitigate N2O emissions.

Published
2020

3. Correction: COS-derived GPP relationships with temperature and light help explain high-latitude atmospheric CO₂ seasonal cycle amplification

Author

Hu, Lei, Montzka, Stephen A., Kaushik, Aleya, Andrews, Arlyn E., Sweeney, Colm, Miller, John, Baker, Ian T., Denning, Scott, Campbell, Elliott, Shiga, Yoichi P., Tans, Pieter, Siso, M. Carolina, Crotwell, Molly, McKain, Kathryn, Thoning, Kirk, Hall, Bradley, Vimont, Isaac, Elkins, James W., Whelan, Mary E., and Suntharalingam, Parvadha

Published
2021

4. F/A-18D & AH-1W designate for Copperhead

Author

Hall, Bradley R., Maj and Bishop, Andrew M., Capt

Subjects
MARINE CORPS AVIATION - Equipment, AIRPLANE TYPE - F-18, LASERS, ARTILLERY - Marine Corps - United States, TARGETS AND TARGETING
Abstract

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Published
1999

6. Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence

Author

Forster, Piers M., primary, Smith, Chris, additional, Walsh, Tristram, additional, Lamb, William F., additional, Lamboll, Robin, additional, Hall, Bradley, additional, Hauser, Mathias, additional, Ribes, Aurélien, additional, Rosen, Debbie, additional, Gillett, Nathan P., additional, Palmer, Matthew D., additional, Rogelj, Joeri, additional, von Schuckmann, Karina, additional, Trewin, Blair, additional, Allen, Myles, additional, Andrew, Robbie, additional, Betts, Richard A., additional, Borger, Alex, additional, Boyer, Tim, additional, Broersma, Jiddu A., additional, Buontempo, Carlo, additional, Burgess, Samantha, additional, Cagnazzo, Chiara, additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Gettelman, Andrew, additional, Gütschow, Johannes, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jenkins, Stuart, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Kadow, Christopher, additional, Kennedy, John, additional, Killick, Rachel E., additional, Krummel, Paul B., additional, Minx, Jan C., additional, Myhre, Gunnar, additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Pirani, Anna, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich, additional, Seneviratne, Sonia I., additional, Szopa, Sophie, additional, Thorne, Peter, additional, Kovilakam, Mahesh V. M., additional, Majamäki, Elisa, additional, Jalkanen, Jukka-Pekka, additional, van Marle, Margreet, additional, Hoesly, Rachel M., additional, Rohde, Robert, additional, Schumacher, Dominik, additional, van der Werf, Guido, additional, Vose, Russell, additional, Zickfeld, Kirsten, additional, Zhang, Xuebin, additional, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, additional, and Zhai, Panmao, additional

Published
2024
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8. Atmospheric H2 observations from the NOAA Cooperative Global Air Sampling Network.

Author

Pétron, Gabrielle, Crotwell, Andrew M., Mund, John, Crotwell, Molly, Mefford, Thomas, Thoning, Kirk, Hall, Bradley, Kitzis, Duane, Madronich, Monica, Moglia, Eric, Neff, Donald, Wolter, Sonja, Jordan, Armin, Krummel, Paul, Langenfelds, Ray, and Patterson, John

Subjects
AIR sampling, BIOMASS burning, AIR cylinders, MOLE fraction, POLYNOMIAL time algorithms
Abstract

The NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) measures atmospheric hydrogen (H 2) in grab samples collected weekly as flask pairs at over 50 sites in the Cooperative Global Air Sampling Network. Measurements representative of background air sampling show higher H 2 in recent years at all latitudes. The marine boundary layer (MBL) global mean H 2 was 552.8 ppb in 2021, 20.2 ± 0.2 ppb higher compared to 2010. A 10 ppb or more increase over the 2010–2021 average annual cycle was detected in 2016 for MBL zonal means in the tropics and in the Southern Hemisphere. Carbon monoxide measurements in the same-air samples suggest large biomass burning events in different regions likely contributed to the observed interannual variability at different latitudes. The NOAA H 2 measurements from 2009 to 2021 are now based on the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmospheric Watch (WMO GAW) H 2 mole fraction calibration scale, developed and maintained by the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Jena, Germany. GML maintains eight H 2 primary calibration standards to propagate the WMO scale. These are gravimetric hydrogen-in-air mixtures in electropolished stainless steel cylinders (Essex Industries, St. Louis, MO), which are stable for H 2. These mixtures were calibrated at the MPI-BGC, the WMO Central Calibration Laboratory (CCL) for H 2 , in late 2020 and span the range 250–700 ppb. We have used the CCL assignments to propagate the WMO H 2 calibration scale to NOAA air measurements performed using gas chromatography and helium pulse discharge detector instruments since 2009. To propagate the scale, NOAA uses a hierarchy of secondary and tertiary standards, which consist of high-pressure whole-air mixtures in aluminum cylinders, calibrated against the primary and secondary standards, respectively. Hydrogen at the parts per billion level has a tendency to increase in aluminum cylinders over time. We fit the calibration histories of these standards with zero-, first-, or second-order polynomial functions of time and use the time-dependent mole fraction assignments on the WMO scale to reprocess all tank air and flask air H 2 measurement records. The robustness of the scale propagation over multiple years is evaluated with the regular analysis of target air cylinders and with long-term same-air measurement comparison efforts with WMO GAW partner laboratories. Long-term calibrated, globally distributed, and freely accessible measurements of H 2 and other gases and isotopes continue to be essential to track and interpret regional and global changes in the atmosphere composition. The adoption of the WMO H 2 calibration scale and subsequent reprocessing of NOAA atmospheric data constitute a significant improvement in the NOAA H 2 measurement records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Supplementary material to "Atmospheric H2 observations from the NOAA Global Cooperative Air Sampling Network"

Author

Petron, Gabrielle B., primary, Crotwell, Andrew M., additional, Mund, John, additional, Crotwell, Molly, additional, Mefford, Thomas, additional, Thoning, Kirk, additional, Hall, Bradley D., additional, Kitzis, Duane R., additional, Madronich, Monica, additional, Moglia, Eric, additional, Neff, Don, additional, Wolter, Sonja, additional, Jordan, Armin, additional, Krummel, Paul, additional, Langenfelds, Ray, additional, and Patterson, John D., additional

Published
2024
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10. Atmospheric H2 observations from the NOAA Global Cooperative Air Sampling Network

Author

Petron, Gabrielle B., primary, Crotwell, Andrew M., additional, Mund, John, additional, Crotwell, Molly, additional, Mefford, Thomas, additional, Thoning, Kirk, additional, Hall, Bradley D., additional, Kitzis, Duane R., additional, Madronich, Monica, additional, Moglia, Eric, additional, Neff, Don, additional, Wolter, Sonja, additional, Jordan, Armin, additional, Krummel, Paul, additional, Langenfelds, Ray, additional, and Patterson, John D., additional

Published
2024
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11. Multisite Verification of a Targeted CFTR Polymerase Chain Reaction/Capillary Electrophoresis Assay That Evaluates Pathogenic Variants Across Diverse Ethnic and Ancestral Groups

Author

Hall, Bradley, primary, Milligan, John N., additional, Kelnar, Kevin, additional, Hallmark, Elliot, additional, Ashton, Jacob D., additional, Parker, Connor A., additional, Filipovic-Sadic, Stela, additional, Sharp, Abigail, additional, Eagle, Samantha, additional, Rodgers, Nissa, additional, Leung, Marco, additional, Mathew, Mariam T., additional, Grissom, Luke, additional, Post, Rebecca, additional, Teran, Nataša, additional, and Latham, Gary J., additional

Published
2024
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12. Considerable contribution of the Montreal Protocol to declining greenhouse gas emissions from the United States

Author

Hu, Lei, Montzka, Stephen A, Lehman, Scott J, Godwin, David S, Miller, Benjamin R, Andrews, Arlyn E, Thoning, Kirk, Miller, John B, Sweeney, Colm, Siso, Caroline, Elkins, James W, Hall, Bradley D, Mondeel, Debra J, Nance, David, Nehrkorn, Thomas, Mountain, Marikate, Fischer, Marc L, Biraud, Sébastien C, Chen, Huilin, and Tans, Pieter P

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate Action, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Ozone depleting substances (ODSs) controlled by the Montreal Protocol are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs), as are their substitutes, the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Here we provide for the first time a comprehensive estimate of U.S. emissions of ODSs and HFCs based on precise measurements in discrete air samples from across North America and in the remote atmosphere. Derived emissions show spatial and seasonal variations qualitatively consistent with known uses and largely confirm U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) national emissions inventories for most gases. The measurement-based results further indicate a substantial decline of ODS emissions from 2008 to 2014, equivalent to ~50% of the CO2-equivalent decline in combined emissions of CO2 and all other long-lived GHGs inventoried by the EPA for the same period. Total estimated CO2-equivalent emissions of HFCs were comparable to the sum of ODS emissions in 2014, but can be expected to decline in the future in response to recent policy measures.

Published
2017

13. A decline in global CFC-11 emissions during 2018−2019

Author

Montzka, Stephen A., Dutton, Geoffrey S., Portmann, Robert W., Chipperfield, Martyn P., Davis, Sean, Feng, Wuhu, Manning, Alistair J., Ray, Eric, Rigby, Matthew, Hall, Bradley D., Siso, Carolina, Nance, J. David, Krummel, Paul B., Mühle, Jens, Young, Dickon, O’Doherty, Simon, Salameh, Peter K., Harth, Christina M., Prinn, Ronald G., Weiss, Ray F., Elkins, James W., Walter-Terrinoni, Helen, and Theodoridi, Christina

Published
2021
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14. Continued emissions of carbon tetrachloride from the United States nearly two decades after its phaseout for dispersive uses

Author

Hu, Lei, Montzka, Stephen A, Miller, Ben R, Andrews, Arlyn E, Miller, John B, Lehman, Scott J, Sweeney, Colm, Miller, Scot M, Thoning, Kirk, Siso, Carolina, Atlas, Elliot L, Blake, Donald R, de Gouw, Joost, Gilman, Jessica B, Dutton, Geoff, Elkins, James W, Hall, Bradley, Chen, Huilin, Fischer, Marc L, Mountain, Marikate E, Nehrkorn, Thomas, Biraud, Sebastien C, Moore, Fred L, and Tans, Pieter

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, carbon tetrachloride, emissions, United States, ozone-depleting substances, greenhouse gases
Abstract

National-scale emissions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are derived based on inverse modeling of atmospheric observations at multiple sites across the United States from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's flask air sampling network. We estimate an annual average US emission of 4.0 (2.0-6.5) Gg CCl4 y(-1) during 2008-2012, which is almost two orders of magnitude larger than reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) (mean of 0.06 Gg y(-1)) but only 8% (3-22%) of global CCl4 emissions during these years. Emissive regions identified by the observations and consistently shown in all inversion results include the Gulf Coast states, the San Francisco Bay Area in California, and the Denver area in Colorado. Both the observation-derived emissions and the US EPA TRI identified Texas and Louisiana as the largest contributors, accounting for one- to two-thirds of the US national total CCl4 emission during 2008-2012. These results are qualitatively consistent with multiple aircraft and ship surveys conducted in earlier years, which suggested significant enhancements in atmospheric mole fractions measured near Houston and surrounding areas. Furthermore, the emission distribution derived for CCl4 throughout the United States is more consistent with the distribution of industrial activities included in the TRI than with the distribution of other potential CCl4 sources such as uncapped landfills or activities related to population density (e.g., use of chlorine-containing bleach).

Published
2016

16. U.S. emissions of HFC‐134a derived for 2008–2012 from an extensive flask‐air sampling network

Author

Hu, Lei, Montzka, Stephen A, Miller, John B, Andrews, Aryln E, Lehman, Scott J, Miller, Benjamin R, Thoning, Kirk, Sweeney, Colm, Chen, Huilin, Godwin, David S, Masarie, Kenneth, Bruhwiler, Lori, Fischer, Marc L, Biraud, Sebastien C, Torn, Margaret S, Mountain, Marikate, Nehrkorn, Thomas, Eluszkiewicz, Janusz, Miller, Scot, Draxler, Roland R, Stein, Ariel F, Hall, Bradley D, Elkins, James W, and Tans, Pieter P

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate Action, HFC-134a, emissions, inverse modeling, atmosphere based, US, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Atmospheric sciences, Climate change science
Abstract

U.S. national and regional emissions of HFC-134a are derived for 20082012 based on atmospheric observations from ground and aircraft sites across the U.S. and a newly developed regional inverse model. Synthetic data experiments were first conducted to optimize the model assimilation design and to assess model-data mismatch errors and prior flux error covariances computed using a maximumlikelihood estimation technique. The synthetic data experiments also tested the sensitivity of derived national and regional emissions to a range of assumed prior emissions, with the goal of designing a system that was minimally reliant on the prior. We then explored the influence of additional sources of error in inversions with actual observations, such as those associated with background mole fractions and transport uncertainties. Estimated emissions of HFC-134a range from 52 to 61 Gg yr-1 for the contiguous U.S. during 20082012 for inversions using air transport from Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model driven by the 12km resolution meteorogical data from North American Mesoscale Forecast System (NAM12) and all tested combinations of prior emissions and background mole fractions. Estimated emissions for 20082010 were 20% lower when specifying alternative transport from Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model driven by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorology. Our estimates (for HYSPLIT-NAM12) are consistent with annual emissions reported by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the full study interval. The results suggest a 1020% drop in U.S. national HFC-134a emission in 2009 coincident with a reduction in transportation-related fossil fuel CO2 emissions, perhaps related to the economic recession. All inversions show seasonal variation in national HFC-134a emissions in all years, with summer emissions greater than winter emissions by 2050%.

Published
2015

17. Comparison of halocarbon measurements in an atmospheric dry whole air sample

Author

Rhoderick, George C, Hall, Bradley D, Harth, Christina M, Kim, Jin Seog, Lee, Jeongsoon, Montzka, Stephen A, Mühle, Jens, Reimann, Stefan, Vollmer, Martin K, and Weiss, Ray F

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate Action
Abstract

The growing awareness of climate change/global warming, and continuing concerns regarding stratospheric ozone depletion, will require continued measurements and standards for many compounds, in particular halocarbons that are linked to these issues. In order to track atmospheric mole fractions and assess the impact of policy on emission rates, it is necessary to demonstrate measurement equivalence at the highest levels of accuracy for assigned values of standards. Precise measurements of these species aid in determining small changes in their atmospheric abundance. A common source of standards/scales and/or well-documented agreement of different scales used to calibrate the measurement instrumentation are key to understanding many sets of data reported by researchers. This report describes the results of a comparison study among National Metrology Institutes and atmospheric research laboratories for the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113); the hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) and 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b); and the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), all in a dried whole air sample. The objective of this study is to compare calibration standards/scales and the measurement capabilities of the participants for these halocarbons at trace atmospheric levels. The results of this study show agreement among four independent calibration scales to better than 2.5% in almost all cases, with many of the reported agreements being better than 1.0%.

Published
2015

20. Violence in the Workplace: Avoiding Institutional Liability.

Author

Marsh, Ranaye J. and Hall, Bradley H.

Abstract

This document is intended to provide career and technical education faculty and administrators with information on institutional liability relating to workplace violence as documented in court cases. The major legislation regarding violence in schools is summarized. Seventeen warning signs of violence are presented along with simple steps administrators, faculty, and staff can take to prevent violence. The distinction between litigation and liability is explained along with principles of negligence. Selected court cases dealing with negligent hiring and retention, negligent referral, and negligent placement of students are summarized. Basic items that should be included in a workplace violence policy are listed. The following suggestions for avoiding institutional liability are offered: (1) establish a workplace violence policy; (2) create and train a workplace violence team; (3) treat threats of violence seriously; (4) conduct adequate background checks; (5) ask potential employees about criminal history; (6) refer to the sex offender registry; (7) conduct thorough reference checks; (8) obtain personnel files from previous employers; (9) train supervisors in applying workplace violence policies; (10) pay attention to warning signs; (11) keep good records of misconduct and efforts to correct it; (12) try to foresee potential incidents; and (13) evaluate situations and appropriate responses on a case-by-case basis. A sample workplace violence policy is attached. The bibliography lists four references. (MN)

Published
2002

21. Atmospheric H 2 observations from the NOAA Global Cooperative Air Sampling Network.

Author

Pétron, Gabrielle, Crotwell, Andrew M., Mund, John, Crotwell, Molly, Mefford, Thomas, Thoning, Kirk, Hall, Bradley, Kitzis, Duane, Madronich, Monica, Moglia, Eric, Neff, Don, Wolter, Sonja, Jordan, Armin, Krummel, Paul, Langenfelds, Ray, and Patterson, John

Subjects
AIR sampling, BIOMASS burning, AIR cylinders, MOLE fraction, POLYNOMIAL time algorithms
Abstract

The NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory measures atmospheric hydrogen (H2) in grab-samples collected weekly as flask pairs at over 50 sites in the Global Cooperative Air Sampling Network. These NOAA H2 measurements from 2009 to 2021 are publicly available. Measurements representative of background air sampling show higher H2 in recent years at all latitudes. The marine boundary layer (MBL) global mean H2 was 20.2 ±0.2 ppb higher in 2021 compared to 2010. A 10 ppb or more increase over the 2010-2021 average annual cycle was detected in 2016 for MBL zonal means in the tropics and in the Southern Hemisphere. Carbon monoxide measurements in the same air samples suggest large biomass burning events in different regions likely contributed to the observed interannual variability at different latitudes. A major focus in recent years involved the adoption of the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmospheric Watch (WMO GAW) H2 mole fraction X2009 calibration scale, developed and maintained by the Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Jena, Germany. GML maintains eight H2 primary calibration standards to propagate the MPI scale. These are gravimetric hydrogen-in-air mixtures in electropolished stainless steel cylinders (Essex Industries, st. Louis, MO) which are stable for H2. These mixtures were calibrated at the MPI-BGC, the WMO Central Calibration Laboratory (CCL) for H2, in late 2020 and span the range 250-700 ppb. We have used the CCL assignments to propagate the MPI X2009 H2 calibration scale to NOAA air measurements performed using Gas Chromatography-Helium Pulse Discharge Detector instruments since 2009. To propagate the scale, NOAA uses a hierarchy of secondary and tertiary standards, which are high pressure tanks with whole air mixtures calibrated against the primary and secondary standards respectively. NOAA secondary and tertiary standards are stored in aluminum cylinders, which have a tendency to grow H2 over time. We fit the calibration histories of these standards with 0-2nd order polynomial functions of time and use the time-dependent mole fraction assignments on the MPI X2009 to reprocess all tank air and flask air measurement records. The robustness of the scale propagation over multiple years is evaluated with the regular analysis of target air cylinders and with long-term same air measurement comparison efforts with WMO GAW partner laboratories. Long-term calibrated, globally distributed and freely accessible measurements of H2 and other gasses and isotopes continue to be essential to track and interpret regional and global changes in the atmosphere composition. The adoption of the MPI X2009 H2 calibration scale and subsequent reprocessing of NOAA atmospheric data constitute a significant improvement in the NOAA H2 measurement records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Introduction

Author

Boyer, Tim, primary, Bartow-Gillies, Ellen, additional, Abida, A., additional, Ades, Melanie, additional, Adler, Robert, additional, Adusumilli, Susheel, additional, Agyakwah, W., additional, Ahmasuk, Brandon, additional, Aldeco, Laura S., additional, Alexe, Mihai, additional, Alfaro, Eric J., additional, Allan, Richard P., additional, Allgood, Adam, additional, Alves, Lincoln. M., additional, Amador, Jorge A., additional, Anderson, John, additional, Andrade, B., additional, Anneville, Orlane, additional, Aono, Yasuyuki, additional, Arguez, Anthony, additional, Arosio, Carlo, additional, Atkinson, C., additional, Augustine, John A., additional, Avalos, Grinia, additional, Azorin-Molina, Cesar, additional, Backensto, Stacia A., additional, Bader, Stephan, additional, Baez, Julian, additional, Baiman, Rebecca, additional, Ballinger, Thomas J., additional, Banwell, Alison F., additional, Bardin, M. Yu, additional, Barichivich, Jonathan, additional, Barnes, John E., additional, Barreira, Sandra, additional, Beadling, Rebecca L., additional, Beck, Hylke E., additional, Becker, Emily J., additional, Bekele, E., additional, Bellido, Guillem Martín, additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Benedetti, Angela, additional, Benestad, Rasmus, additional, Berne, Christine, additional, Berner, Logan. T., additional, Bernhard, Germar H., additional, Bhatt, Uma S., additional, Bhuiyan, A. E., additional, Bigalke, Siiri, additional, Biló, Tiago, additional, Bissolli, Peter, additional, Bjerke Jarle, W., additional, Blagrave, Kevin, additional, Blake, Eric S., additional, Blenkinsop, Stephen, additional, Blunden, Jessica, additional, Bochníček, Oliver, additional, Bock, Olivier, additional, Bodenstein, Barbara, additional, Bodin, Xavier, additional, Bosilovich, Michael, additional, Boucher, Olivier, additional, Bozkurt, Deniz, additional, Brettschneider, Brian, additional, Bringas, Francis G., additional, Bringas, Francis, additional, Buechler, Dennis, additional, Buehler, Stefan A., additional, Bukunt, Brandon, additional, Calderón, Blanca, additional, Camargo, Suzana J., additional, Campbell, Jayaka, additional, Campos, Diego, additional, Carrea, Laura, additional, Carter, Brendan R., additional, Cetinić, Ivona, additional, Chambers, Don P., additional, Chan, Duo, additional, Chandler, Elise, additional, Chang, Kai-Lan, additional, Chen, Hua, additional, Chen, Lin, additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Cheng, Vincent Y. S., additional, Chomiak, Leah, additional, Christiansen, Hanne H., additional, Christy, John R., additional, Chung, Eui-Seok, additional, Ciasto, Laura M., additional, Clarke, Leonardo, additional, Clem, Kyle R., additional, Clingan, Scott, additional, Coelho, Caio A.S., additional, Cohen, Judah L., additional, Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie, additional, Colwell, Steve, additional, Cooper, Owen R., additional, Cornes, Richard C., additional, Correa, Kris, additional, Costa, Felipe, additional, Covey, Curt, additional, Coy, Lawrence, additional, Créatux, Jean-François, additional, Crhova, Lenka, additional, Crimmins, Theresa, additional, Cronin, Meghan F., additional, Cropper, Thomas, additional, Crotwell, Molly, additional, Culpepper, Joshua, additional, Cunha, Ana P., additional, Cusicanqui, Diego, additional, Datta, Rajashree T., additional, Davis, Sean M., additional, De Bock, Veerle, additional, de Jeu, Richard A. M., additional, De Laat, Jos, additional, Decharme, Bertrand, additional, Degenstein, Doug, additional, Delaloye, Reynald, additional, Demircan, Mesut, additional, Derksen, Chris, additional, Deus, Ricardo, additional, Dhurmea, K. R., additional, Diamond, Howard J., additional, Dirkse, S., additional, Divine, Dmitry, additional, Dokulil, Martin T., additional, Donat, Markus G., additional, Dong, Shenfu, additional, Dorigo, Wouter A., additional, Drost Jensen, Caroline, additional, Druckenmiller, Matthew L., additional, Drumond, Paula, additional, du Plessis, Marcel, additional, Dugan, Hilary A., additional, Dulamsuren, Dashkhuu, additional, Dunmire, Devon, additional, Dunn, Robert J. H., additional, Durre, Imke, additional, Dusek, Robert, additional, Dutton, Geoff, additional, Duveiller, Gregory, additional, Ekici, Mithat, additional, Elias Chereque, Alesksandra, additional, ElKharrim, M., additional, Epstein, Howard E., additional, Espinoza, Jhan-Carlo, additional, Estilow, Thomas W., additional, Estrella, Nicole, additional, Fauchereau, Nicolas, additional, Fausto, Robert S., additional, Feely, Richard A., additional, Fenimore, Chris, additional, Fereday, David, additional, Fettweis, Xavier, additional, Fioletov, vitali E., additional, Flemming, Johannes, additional, Fogarty, Chris, additional, Fogt, Ryan L., additional, Forbes, Bruce C., additional, Foster, Michael J., additional, Franz, Bryan A., additional, Freeman, Natalie M., additional, Fricker, Helen A., additional, Frith, Stacey M., additional, Froidevaux, Lucien, additional, Frost, Gerald V. (JJ), additional, Fuhrman, Steven, additional, Füllekrug, Martin, additional, Ganter, Catherine, additional, Gao, Meng, additional, Gardner, Alex S., additional, Garforth, Judith, additional, Garg, Jay, additional, Gerland, Sebastian, additional, Gibbes, Badin, additional, Gille, Sarah T., additional, Gilson, John, additional, Gleason, Karin, additional, Gobron, Nadine, additional, Goetz, Scott J., additional, Goldenberg, Stanley B., additional, Goni, Gustavo, additional, Goodman, Steven, additional, Goto, Atsushi, additional, Grooß, Jens-Uwe, additional, Gruber, Alexander, additional, Gu, Guojun, additional, Guard, Charles “Chip” P., additional, Hagos, S., additional, Hahn, Sebastian, additional, Haimberger, Leopold, additional, Hall, Bradley D., additional, Hamlington, Benjamin D., additional, Hanna, Edward, additional, Hanssen-Bauer, Inger, additional, Harnos, Daniel S., additional, Harris, Ian, additional, He, Qiong, additional, Heim, Richard R., additional, Hellström, Sverker, additional, Hemming, Deborah L., additional, Hendricks, Stefan, additional, Hicks, J., additional, Hidalgo, Hugo G., additional, Hirschi, Martin, additional, Ho, Shu-peng (Ben), additional, Hobbs, W., additional, Holmes, Robert M., additional, Holzworth, Robert, additional, Hrbáček, Filip, additional, Hu, Guojie, additional, Hu, Zeng-Zhen, additional, Huang, Boyin, additional, Huang, Hongjie, additional, Hurst, Dale F., additional, Ialongo, Iolanda, additional, Inness, Antje, additional, Isaksen, Ketil, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jadra, Gerardo, additional, Jevrejeva, Svetlana, additional, John, Viju O., additional, Johns, W., additional, Johnsen, Bjørn, additional, Johnson, Bryan, additional, Johnson, Gregory C., additional, Jones, Philip D., additional, Jones, Timothy, additional, Josey, Simon A., additional, Jumaux, G., additional, Junod, Robert, additional, Kääb, Andreas, additional, Kabidi, K., additional, Kaiser, Johannes W., additional, Kaler, Robb S.A., additional, Kaleschke, Lars, additional, Kaufmann, Viktor, additional, Kazemi, Amin Fazl, additional, Keller, Linda M., additional, Kellerer-Pirklbauer, Andreas, additional, Kendon, Mike, additional, Kennedy, John, additional, Kent, Elizabeth C., additional, Kerr, Kenneth, additional, Khan, Valentina, additional, Khiem, Mai Van, additional, Kidd, Richard, additional, Kim, Mi Ju, additional, Kim, Seong-Joong, additional, Kipling, Zak, additional, Klotzbach, Philip J., additional, Knaff, John A., additional, Koppa, Akash, additional, Korshunova, Natalia N., additional, Kraemer, Benjamin M., additional, Kramarova, Natalya A., additional, Kruger, A. C., additional, Kruger, Andries, additional, Kumar, Arun, additional, L’Heureux, Michelle, additional, La Fuente, Sofia, additional, Laas, Alo, additional, Labe, Zachary M., additional, Lader, Rick, additional, Lakatos, Mónika, additional, Lakkala, Kaisa, additional, Lam, Hoang Phuc, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Landschützer, Peter, additional, Landsea, Chris W., additional, Lang, Timothy, additional, Lankhorst, Matthias, additional, Lantz, Kathleen O., additional, Lara, Mark J., additional, Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo, additional, Lavers, David A., additional, Lazzara, Matthew A., additional, Leblanc, Thierry, additional, Lee, Tsz-Cheung, additional, Leibensperger, Eric M., additional, Lennard, Chris, additional, Leuliette, Eric, additional, Leung, Kinson H. Y., additional, Lieser, Jan L., additional, Likso, Tanja, additional, Lin, I-I., additional, Lindsey, Jackie, additional, Liu, Yakun, additional, Locarnini, Ricardo, additional, Loeb, Norman G., additional, Loomis, Bryant D., additional, Lorrey, Andrew M., additional, Loyola, Diego, additional, Lu, Rui, additional, Lumpkin, Rick, additional, Luo, Jing-Jia, additional, Luojus, Kari, additional, Lyman, John M., additional, Maberly, Stephen C., additional, Macander, Matthew J., additional, MacFerrin, Michael, additional, MacGilchrist, Graeme A., additional, MacLennan, Michelle L., additional, Madelon, Remi, additional, Magee, Andrew D., additional, Magnin, Florence, additional, Mamen, Jostein, additional, Mankoff, Ken D., additional, Manney, Gloria L., additional, Marcinonienė, Izolda, additional, Marengo, Jose A., additional, Marjan, Mohammadi, additional, Martínez, Ana E., additional, Massom, Robert A., additional, Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro, additional, May, Linda, additional, Mayer, Michael, additional, Mazloff, Matthew R., additional, McAfee, Stephanie A., additional, McBride, C., additional, McCabe, Matthew F., additional, McClelland, James W., additional, McPhaden, Michael J., additional, Mcvicar, Tim R., additional, Mears, Carl A., additional, Meier, Walter N., additional, Mekonnen, A., additional, Menzel, Annette, additional, Merchant, Christopher J., additional, Merrifield, Mark A., additional, Meyer, Michael F., additional, Meyers, Tristan, additional, Mikolajczyk, David E., additional, Miller, John B., additional, Miralles, Diego G., additional, Misevicius, Noelia, additional, Mishonov, Alexey, additional, Mitchum, Gary T., additional, Moat, Ben I., additional, Moesinger, Leander, additional, Moise, Aurel, additional, Molina-Carpio, Jorge, additional, Monet, Ghislaine, additional, Montzka, Stephan A., additional, Moon, Twila A., additional, Moore, G. W. K., additional, Mora, Natali, additional, Morán, Johnny, additional, Morehen, Claire, additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Mostafa, A. E., additional, Mote, Thomas L., additional, Mrekaj, Ivan, additional, Mudryk, Lawrence, additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Müller, Rolf, additional, Nance, David, additional, Nash, Eric R., additional, Nerem, R. Steven, additional, Newman, Paul A., additional, Nicolas, Julien P., additional, Nieto, Juan J., additional, Noetzli, Jeannette, additional, Noll, Ben, additional, Norton, Taylor, additional, Nyland, Kelsey E., additional, O’Keefe, John, additional, Ochwat, Naomi, additional, Oikawa, Yoshinori, additional, Okunaka, Yuka, additional, Osborn, Timothy J., additional, Overland, James E., additional, Park, Taejin, additional, Parrington, Mark, additional, Parrish, Julia K., additional, Pasch, Richard J., additional, Pascual Ramírez, Reynaldo, additional, Pellet, Cécile, additional, Pelto, Mauri S., additional, Perčec Tadić, Melita, additional, Perovich, Donald K., additional, Petersen, Guðrún Nína, additional, Petersen, Kyle, additional, Petropavlovskikh, Irina, additional, Petty, Alek, additional, Pezza, Alexandre B., additional, Pezzi, Luciano P., additional, Phillips, Coda, additional, Phoenix, Gareth K., additional, Pierson, Don, additional, Pinto, Izidine, additional, Pires, Vanda, additional, Pitts, Michael, additional, Po-Chedley, Stephen, additional, Pogliotti, Paolo, additional, Poinar, Kristin, additional, Polvani, Lorenzo, additional, Preimesberger, Wolfgang, additional, Price, Colin, additional, Pulkkanen, Merja, additional, Purkey, Sarah G., additional, Qiu, Bo, additional, Quisbert, Kenny, additional, Quispe, Willy R., additional, Rajeevan, M., additional, Ramos, Andrea M., additional, Randel, William J., additional, Rantanen, Mika, additional, Raphael, Marilyn N., additional, Reagan, James, additional, Recalde, Cristina, additional, Reid, Phillip, additional, Rémy, Samuel, additional, Reyes Kohler, Alejandra J., additional, Ricciardulli, Lucrezia, additional, Richardson, Andrew D., additional, Ricker, Robert, additional, Robinson, David A., additional, Robjhon, M., additional, Rocha, Willy, additional, Rodell, Matthew, additional, Rodriguez Guisado, Esteban, additional, Rodriguez-Fernandez, Nemesio, additional, Romanovsky, Vladimir E., additional, Ronchail, Josyane, additional, Rosencrans, Matthew, additional, Rosenlof, Karen H., additional, Rösner, Benjamin, additional, Rösner, Henrieke, additional, Rozanov, Alexei, additional, Rozkošný, Jozef, additional, Rubek, Frans, additional, Rusanovskaya, Olga O., additional, Rutishauser, This, additional, Sabeerali, C. T., additional, Salinas, Roberto, additional, Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira, additional, Santee, Michelle L., additional, Santini, Marcelo, additional, Sato, Katsunari, additional, Sawaengphokhai, Parnchai, additional, Sayouri, A., additional, Scambos, Theodore, additional, Schenzinger, Verena, additional, Schimanke, Semjon, additional, Schlegel, Robert W., additional, Schmid, Claudia, additional, Schmid, Martin, additional, Schneider, Udo, additional, Schreck, Carl J., additional, Schultz, Cristina, additional, _, _, additional, Segele, Z. T., additional, Sensoy, Serhat, additional, Serbin, Shawn P., additional, Serreze, Mark C., additional, Setiawan, Amsari Mudzakir, additional, Sezaki, Fumi, additional, Sharma, Sapna, additional, Sharp, Jonathan D., additional, Sheffield, Gay, additional, Shi, Jia-Rui, additional, Shi, Lei, additional, Shiklomanov, Alexander I., additional, Shiklomanov, Nikolay I., additional, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V., additional, Shukla, R., additional, Siegel, David A., additional, Silow, Eugene A., additional, Sima, F., additional, Simmons, Adrian J., additional, Smeed, David A., additional, Smith, Adam, additional, Smith, Matthew M., additional, Smith, Sharon L., additional, Soden, Brian J., additional, Sofieva, Viktoria, additional, Souza, Everaldo, additional, Sparks, Tim H., additional, Spence-Hemmings, Jacqueline, additional, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, Spillane, Sandra, additional, Sreejith, O. P., additional, Srivastava, A. K., additional, Stackhouse, Paul W., additional, Stammerjohn, Sharon, additional, Stauffer, Ryan, additional, Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, additional, Steiner, Andrea K., additional, Stella, Jose L., additional, Stephenson, Tannecia S., additional, Stradiotti, Pietro, additional, Strahan, Susan E., additional, Streletskiy, Dmitry A., additional, Surendran, Divya E., additional, Suslova, Anya, additional, Svendby, Tove, additional, Sweet, William, additional, Takahashi, Kiyotoshi, additional, Takemura, Kazuto, additional, Tank, Suzanne E., additional, Taylor, Michael A., additional, Tedesco, Marco, additional, Thackeray, Stephen J., additional, Thiaw, W. M., additional, Thibert, Emmanuel, additional, Thoman, Richard L., additional, Thompson, Andrew F., additional, Thompson, Philip R., additional, Tian-Kunze, Xiangshan, additional, Timmermans, Mary-Louise, additional, Timofeyev, Maxim A., additional, Tobin, Skie, additional, Tømmervik, Hans, additional, Tourpali, Kleareti, additional, Trescilo, Lidia, additional, Tretiakov, Mikhail, additional, Trewin, Blair C., additional, Triñanes, Joaquin A., additional, Trotman, Adrian, additional, Truchelut, Ryan E., additional, Trusel, Luke D., additional, Tye, Mari R., additional, van der A, Ronald, additional, van der Schalie, Robin, additional, van der Schrier, Gerard, additional, Van Hemert, Caroline, additional, Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J., additional, van vliet, Arnold J.H., additional, Vazife, Ahad, additional, Verburg, Piet, additional, Vernier, Jean-Paul, additional, Vimont, Isaac J., additional, Virts, Katrina, additional, Vivero, Sebastián, additional, Volkov, Denis L., additional, Vömel, Holger, additional, Vose, Russell S., additional, Walker, Donald (Skip) A., additional, Walsh, John E., additional, Wang, Bin, additional, Wang, Hui, additional, Wang, Muyin, additional, Wang, Ray H. J., additional, Wang, Xinyue, additional, Wanninkhof, Rik, additional, Warnock, Taran, additional, Weber, Mark, additional, Webster, Melinda, additional, Wehrlé, Adrian, additional, Wen, Caihong, additional, Westberry, Toby K., additional, Widlansky, Matthew J., additional, Wiese, David N., additional, Wild, Jeannette D., additional, Wille, Jonathan D., additional, Willems, An, additional, Willett, Kate M., additional, Williams, Earle, additional, Willis, J., additional, Wong, Takmeng, additional, Wood, Kimberly M., additional, Woolway, Richard Iestyn, additional, Xie, Ping-Ping, additional, Yang, Daqing, additional, Yin, Xungang, additional, Yin, Ziqi, additional, Zeng, Zhenzhong, additional, Zhang, Huai-min, additional, Zhang, Li, additional, Zhang, Peiqun, additional, Zhao, Lin, additional, Zhou, Xinjia, additional, Zhu, Zhiwei, additional, Ziemke, Jerry R., additional, Ziese, Markus, additional, Zolkos, Scott, additional, Zotta, Ruxandra M., additional, Zou, Cheng-Zhi, additional, Allen, Jessicca, additional, Camper, Amy V., additional, Haley, Bridgette O., additional, Hammer, Gregory, additional, Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth, additional, Ohlmann, Laura, additional, Noguchi, Lukas, additional, Riddle, Deborah B., additional, and Veasey, Sara W., additional

Published
2023
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23. Global Climate

Author

Dunn, Robert J. H., primary, Miller, John B., additional, Willett, Kate M., additional, Gobron, Nadine, additional, Ades, Melanie, additional, Adler, Robert, additional, Alexe, Mihai, additional, Allan, Richard P., additional, Anderson, John, additional, Anneville, Orlane, additional, Aono, Yasuyuki, additional, Arguez, Anthony, additional, Arosio, Carlo, additional, Augustine, John A., additional, Azorin-Molina, Cesar, additional, Barichivich, Jonathan, additional, Barnes, John E., additional, Beck, Hylke E., additional, Bellouin, Nicolas, additional, Benedetti, Angela, additional, Blagrave, Kevin, additional, Blenkinsop, Stephen, additional, Bock, Olivier, additional, Bodin, Xavier, additional, Bosilovich, Michael, additional, Boucher, Olivier, additional, Buechler, Dennis, additional, Buehler, Stefan A., additional, Campos, Diego, additional, Carrea, Laura, additional, Chang, Kai-Lan, additional, Christiansen, Hanne H., additional, Christy, John R., additional, Chung, Eui-Seok, additional, Ciasto, Laura M., additional, Clingan, Scott, additional, Coldewey-Egbers, Melanie, additional, Cooper, Owen R., additional, Cornes, Richard C., additional, Covey, Curt, additional, Créatux, Jean-François, additional, Crimmins, Theresa, additional, Cropper, Thomas, additional, Crotwell, Molly, additional, Culpepper, Joshua, additional, Cusicanqui, Diego, additional, Davis, Sean M., additional, de Jeu, Richard A. M., additional, Degenstein, Doug, additional, Delaloye, Reynald, additional, Dokulil, Martin T., additional, Donat, Markus G., additional, Dorigo, Wouter A., additional, Dugan, Hilary A., additional, Durre, Imke, additional, Dutton, Geoff, additional, Duveiller, Gregory, additional, Estilow, Thomas W., additional, Estrella, Nicole, additional, Fereday, David, additional, Fioletov, Vitali E., additional, Flemming, Johannes, additional, Foster, Michael J., additional, Franz, Bryan, additional, Frith, Stacey M., additional, Froidevaux, Lucien, additional, Füllekrug, Martin, additional, Garforth, Judith, additional, Garg, Jay, additional, Gibbes, Badin, additional, Goodman, Steven, additional, Goto, Atsushi, additional, Gruber, Alexander, additional, Gu, Guojun, additional, Hahn, Sebastian, additional, Haimberger, Leopold, additional, Hall, Bradley D., additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Hemming, Deborah L., additional, Hirschi, Martin, additional, Ho, Shu-peng, additional, Holzworth, Robert, additional, Hrbáček, Filip, additional, Hu, Guojie, additional, Hurst, Dale F., additional, Inness, Antje, additional, Isaksen, Ketil, additional, John, Viju O., additional, Jones, Philip D., additional, Junod, Robert, additional, Kääb, Andreas, additional, Kaiser, Johannes W., additional, Kaufmann, Viktor, additional, Kellerer-Pirklbauer, Andreas, additional, Kent, Elizabeth C., additional, Kidd, Richard, additional, Kipling, Zak, additional, Koppa, Akash, additional, Kraemer, Benjamin M., additional, Kramarova, Natalya, additional, Kruger, Andries, additional, La Fuente, Sofia, additional, Laas, Alo, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lang, Timothy, additional, Lantz, Kathleen O., additional, Lavers, David A., additional, Leblanc, Thierry, additional, Leibensperger, Eric M., additional, Lennard, Chris, additional, Liu, Yakun, additional, Loeb, Norman G., additional, Loyola, Diego, additional, Maberly, Stephen C., additional, Madelon, Remi, additional, Magnin, Florence, additional, Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro, additional, May, Linda, additional, Mayer, Michael, additional, McCabe, Matthew F., additional, McVicar, Tim R., additional, Mears, Carl A., additional, Menzel, Annette, additional, Merchant, Christopher J., additional, Meyer, Michael F., additional, Miralles, Diego G., additional, Moesinger, Leander, additional, Monet, Ghislaine, additional, Montzka, Stephan A., additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Mrekaj, Ivan, additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Nance, David, additional, Nicolas, Julien P., additional, Noetzli, Jeannette, additional, Noll, Ben, additional, O’Keefe, John, additional, Osborn, Timothy J., additional, Park, Taejin, additional, Parrington, Mark, additional, Pellet, Cécile, additional, Pelto, Mauri S., additional, Petersen, Kyle, additional, Phillips, Coda, additional, Pierson, Don, additional, Pinto, Izidine, additional, Po-Chedley, Stephen, additional, Pogliotti, Paolo, additional, Polvani, Lorenzo, additional, Preimesberger, Wolfgang, additional, Price, Colin, additional, Pulkkanen, Merja, additional, Randel, William J., additional, Rémy, Samuel, additional, Ricciardulli, Lucrezia, additional, Richardson, Andrew D., additional, Robinson, David A., additional, Rocha, Willy, additional, Rodell, Matthew, additional, Rodriguez-Fernandez, Nemesio, additional, Rosenlof, Karen H., additional, Rozanov, Alexei, additional, Rozkošný, Jozef, additional, Rusanovskaya, Olga O., additional, Rutishauser, This, additional, Sabeerali, C. T., additional, Sánchez-Lugo, Ahira, additional, Sawaengphokhai, Parnchai, additional, Schenzinger, Verena, additional, Schlegel, Robert W., additional, Schmid, Martin, additional, Schneider, Udo, additional, Sezaki, Fumi, additional, Sharma, Sapna, additional, Shi, Lei, additional, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V., additional, Silow, Eugene A., additional, Simmons, Adrian J., additional, Smith, Sharon L., additional, Soden, Brian J., additional, Sofieva, Viktoria, additional, Sparks, Tim H., additional, Sreejith, O.P., additional, Stackhouse, Paul W., additional, Stauffer, Ryan, additional, Steinbrecht, Wolfgang, additional, Steiner, Andrea K., additional, Stradiotti, Pietro, additional, Streletskiy, Dmitry A., additional, Surendran, Divya E., additional, Thackeray, Stephen J., additional, Thibert, Emmanuel, additional, Timofeyev, Maxim A., additional, Tourpali, Kleareti, additional, Tye, Mari R., additional, van der A, Ronald, additional, van der Schalie, Robin, additional, van der Schrier, Gerard, additional, van Vliet, Arnold J.H., additional, Verburg, Piet, additional, Vernier, Jean-Paul, additional, Vimont, Isaac J., additional, Virts, Katrina, additional, Vivero, Sebastián, additional, Vömel, Holger, additional, Vose, Russell S., additional, Wang, Ray H. J., additional, Wang, Xinyue, additional, Warnock, Taran, additional, Weber, Mark, additional, Wiese, David N., additional, Wild, Jeannette D., additional, Williams, Earle, additional, Wong, Takmeng, additional, Woolway, Richard Iestyn, additional, Yin, Xungang, additional, Zeng, Zhenzhong, additional, Zhao, Lin, additional, Zhou, Xinjia, additional, Ziemke, Jerry R., additional, Ziese, Markus, additional, Zotta, Ruxandra M., additional, Zou, Cheng-Zhi, additional, Allen, Jessicca, additional, Camper, Amy V., additional, Haley, Bridgette O., additional, Hammer, Gregory, additional, Love-Brotak, S. Elizabeth, additional, Ohlmann, Laura, additional, Noguchi, Lukas, additional, Riddle, Deborah B., additional, and Veasey, Sara W., additional

Published
2023
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30. Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence

Author

Forster, Piers M., primary, Smith, Christopher J., additional, Walsh, Tristram, additional, Lamb, William F., additional, Lamboll, Robin, additional, Hauser, Mathias, additional, Ribes, Aurélien, additional, Rosen, Debbie, additional, Gillett, Nathan, additional, Palmer, Matthew D., additional, Rogelj, Joeri, additional, von Schuckmann, Karina, additional, Seneviratne, Sonia I., additional, Trewin, Blair, additional, Zhang, Xuebin, additional, Allen, Myles, additional, Andrew, Robbie, additional, Birt, Arlene, additional, Borger, Alex, additional, Boyer, Tim, additional, Broersma, Jiddu A., additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Gutiérrez, José M., additional, Gütschow, Johannes, additional, Hall, Bradley, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jenkins, Stuart, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lee, June-Yi, additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Kadow, Christopher, additional, Kennedy, John, additional, Killick, Rachel, additional, Minx, Jan C., additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Pirani, Anna, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich, additional, Szopa, Sophie, additional, Thorne, Peter, additional, Rohde, Robert, additional, Rojas Corradi, Maisa, additional, Schumacher, Dominik, additional, Vose, Russell, additional, Zickfeld, Kirsten, additional, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, additional, and Zhai, Panmao, additional

Published
2023
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31. Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: Annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and the human influence

Author

Forster, Piers Maxwell, primary, Smith, Christopher J., additional, Walsh, Tristram, additional, Lamb, William F., additional, Palmer, Matthew D., additional, von Schuckmann, Karina, additional, Trewin, Blair, additional, Allen, Myles, additional, Andrew, Robbie, additional, Birt, Arlene, additional, Borger, Alex, additional, Boyer, Tim, additional, Broersma, Jiddu A., additional, Cheng, Lijing, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Gillett, Nathan, additional, Gutiérrez, José M., additional, Gütschow, Johannes, additional, Hauser, Mathias, additional, Hall, Bradley, additional, Ishii, Masayoshi, additional, Jenkins, Stuart, additional, Lamboll, Robin, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Lee, June-Yi, additional, Morice, Colin, additional, Kadow, Christopher, additional, Kennedy, John, additional, Killick, Rachel, additional, Minx, Jan, additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Peters, Glen, additional, Pirani, Anna, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Ribes, Aurélien, additional, Rogelj, Joeri, additional, Rosen, Debbie, additional, Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich, additional, Seneviratne, Sonia, additional, Szopa, Sophie, additional, Thorne, Peter, additional, Rohde, Robert, additional, Rojas Corradi, Maisa, additional, Schumacher, Dominik, additional, Vose, Russell, additional, Zickfeld, Kirsten, additional, Zhang, Xuebin, additional, Masson-Delmotte, Valérie, additional, and Zhai, Panmao, additional

Published
2023
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34. A novel, cost-effective analytical method for measuring high-resolution vertical profiles of stratospheric trace gases using a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector

Author

Li, Jianghanyang, Baier, Bianca C., Moore, Fred, Newberger, Tim, Wolter, Sonja, Higgs, Jack, Dutton, Geoff, Hintsa, Eric, Hall, Bradley, and Sweeney, Colm

Abstract

The radiative balance of the upper atmosphere is dependent on the magnitude and distribution of greenhouse gases and aerosols in that region. Climate models predict that with increasing surface temperature, the primary mechanism for transporting tropospheric air into the stratosphere (known as the Brewer–Dobson circulation) will strengthen, leading to changes in the distribution of atmospheric water vapor, other greenhouse gases, and aerosols. Stratospheric relationships between greenhouse gases and other long-lived trace gases with various photochemical properties (such as N2O, SF6, and chlorofluorocarbons) provide a strong constraint for tracking changes in the stratospheric circulation. Therefore, a cost-effective approach is needed to monitor these trace gases in the stratosphere. In the past decade, the balloon-borne AirCore sampler developed at NOAA's Global Monitoring Laboratory has been routinely used to monitor the mole fractions of CO2, CH4, and CO from the ground to approximately 25 km above mean sea level. Our recent development work adapted a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) to measure a suite of trace gases (N2O, SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, H-1211, and CFC-113) in the stratospheric portion of AirCores. This instrument, called the StratoCore-GC-ECD, allows us to retrieve vertical profiles of these molecules at high resolution (5–7 hPa per measurement). We launched four AirCore flights and analyzed the stratospheric air samples for these trace gases. The results showed consistent and expected tracer–tracer relationships and good agreement with recent aircraft campaign measurements. Our work demonstrates that the StratoCore-GC-ECD system provides a low-cost and robust approach to measuring key stratospheric trace gases in AirCore samples and for evaluating changes in the stratospheric circulation.

Published
2023

36. Organic trace gases collected using the Whole Air Sampler over North America (summer 2021, 2022), in the UTLS region, targeting deep convective regions

Author

Smith, Katie, primary, Atlas, Elliot, additional, Bui, Paul, additional, Daube, Bruce, additional, Donnelly, Stephen, additional, Moore, Fred, additional, Hall, Bradley, additional, Hintsa, Eric, additional, Hendershot, Roger, additional, Lueb, Rich, additional, Pittman, Jasna, additional, Pope, Leslie, additional, Schauffler, Sue, additional, Smith, Jessica, additional, Treadaway, Victoria, additional, and Wofsy, Steven, additional

Published
2023
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43. A grounded theory study exploring change processes following cognitive behavioural therapy for distressing voices.

Author

Hall, Bradley, Hayward, Mark, and Terry, Rachel

Subjects
*HALLUCINATIONS, *GROUNDED theory, *RESEARCH methodology, *ATTITUDE (Psychology), *MATHEMATICAL models, *INTERVIEWING, *GROUP identity, *FEAR, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *PATIENTS' attitudes, *QUALITATIVE research, *NATIONAL health services, *INTERPERSONAL relations, *THEORY, *COGNITIVE therapy, *CONTROL (Psychology), *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, *BEHAVIOR modification
Abstract

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for voice hearing (CBTv) has been shown to be effective at reducing distress. However, it is unclear why voice hearers might deteriorate or continue to benefit post-intervention. This study aimed to explore therapeutic change processes following CBTv. A critical realist, grounded theory methodology was utilised. Individual interviews were conducted with 12 participants who had experienced distressing voice hearing and had completed a CBTv intervention in the last 3–12 months. Participants were recruited from a specialist hearing voices service. Three categories were found to be facilitative of positive change within CBTv: "New Ways of Managing", "Overcoming Challenges" and "Gaining New Perspectives". Five categories denoted the maintenance or furthering of positive change following intervention: "Having a Sense of Control", "Standing on My Own Two Feet", "Voices Are Just Part of My Life", "Investing in Sustaining Relationships", and "Rediscovering and Developing Identity". Challenging circumstances faced by participants are also incorporated into a model for maintaining change following CBTv. The model adds to current literature on change processes occurring within and after CBTv. The results support the need for those working with voice hearers post-therapy to focus on rebuilding social relationships, meaning making and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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46. A novel, cost-effective analytical method for measuring high-resolution vertical profiles of stratospheric trace gases using a GC-ECD.

Author

Li, Jianghanyang, Baier, Bianca C., Moore, Fred, Newberger, Tim, Wolter, Sonja, Higgs, Jack, Dutton, Geoff, Hintsa, Eric, Hall, Bradley, and Sweeney, Colm

Subjects
TRACE gases, ATMOSPHERIC water vapor, STRATOSPHERIC circulation, UPPER atmosphere, SEA level, GREENHOUSE gases
Abstract

The radiative balance of the upper atmosphere is dependent on the magnitude and distribution of greenhouse gases and aerosols in that region of the atmosphere. Climate models predict that with increasing surface temperature, the primary mechanism for transporting tropospheric air into the stratosphere (known as the Brewer-Dobson Circulation) will strengthen, leading to changes in the distribution of atmospheric water vapor, other greenhouse gases, and aerosols in this region. Stratospheric relationships between greenhouse gases and other long-lived trace gases with various photochemical properties (such as N2O, SF6, and chlorofluorocarbons) provide a strong constraint for tracking changes in the stratospheric circulation. Therefore, a cost-effective approach is needed to monitor these trace gases in the stratosphere. In the past decade, the balloon-borne AirCore sampler developed at NOAA/GML has been routinely used to monitor the mole fractions of CO2, CH4, and CO from ground to approximately 25 km above mean sea level. Our recent development work adapted a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) to measure a suite of trace gases (N2O, SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, H-1211, and CFC-113) in the stratospheric portion of AirCores. This instrument, called the StratoCore-GC-ECD, allows us to retrieve vertical profiles of these molecules at high resolution (5–7 hPa per measurement). We then launched four AirCore flights and analyzed the stratospheric air samples for these trace gases. The results showed consistent and expected tracer-tracer relationships and good agreement with recent aircraft campaign measurements. Our work demonstrates that the StratoCore-GC-ECD system provides a low-cost and robust approach to measuring key stratospheric trace gases in AirCore samples and for evaluating changes in the stratospheric circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. A novel, cost-effective analytical method for measuring high-resolution vertical profiles of stratospheric trace gases using a GC-ECD.

Author

Jianghanyang Li, Baier, Bianca C., Moore, Fred, Newberger, Tim, Wolter, Sonja, Higgs, Jack, Dutton, Geoff, Hintsa, Eric, Hall, Bradley, and Sweeney, Colm

Subjects
TRACE gases, TROPOSPHERIC aerosols, ATMOSPHERIC water vapor, STRATOSPHERIC circulation, UPPER atmosphere, SEA level, GREENHOUSE gases
Abstract

The radiative balance of the upper atmosphere is dependent on the magnitude and distribution of greenhouse gases and aerosols in that region of the atmosphere. Climate models predict that with increasing surface temperature, the primary mechanism for transporting tropospheric air into the stratosphere (known as the Brewer-Dobson Circulation) will strengthen, leading to changes in the distribution of atmospheric water vapor, other greenhouse gases, and aerosols in this region. Stratospheric relationships between greenhouse gases and other long-lived trace gases with various photochemical properties (such as N2O, SF6, and chlorofluorocarbons) provide a strong constraint for tracking changes in the stratospheric circulation. Therefore, a cost-effective approach is needed to monitor these trace gases in the stratosphere. In the past decade, the balloon-borne AirCore sampler developed at NOAA/GML has been routinely used to monitor the mole fractions of CO2, CH4, and CO from ground to approximately 25 km above mean sea level. Our recent development work adapted a gas chromatograph coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD) to measure a suite of trace gases (N2O, SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, H-1211, and CFC-113) in the stratospheric portion of AirCores. This instrument, called the StratoCore-GC-ECD, allows us to retrieve vertical profiles of these molecules at high resolution (5-7 hPa per measurement). We then launched four AirCore flights and analyzed the stratospheric air samples for these trace gases. The results showed consistent and expected tracer-tracer relationships and good agreement with recent aircraft campaign measurements. Our work demonstrates that the StratoCore-GC-ECD system provides a low-cost and robust approach to measuring key stratospheric trace gases in AirCore samples and for evaluating changes in the stratospheric circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Continental-scale contributions to the global CFC-11 emission increase between 2012 and 2017

Author

Hu, Lei, primary, Montzka, Stephen A., additional, Moore, Fred, additional, Hintsa, Eric, additional, Dutton, Geoff, additional, Siso, M. Carolina, additional, Thoning, Kirk, additional, Portmann, Robert W., additional, McKain, Kathryn, additional, Sweeney, Colm, additional, Vimont, Isaac, additional, Nance, David, additional, Hall, Bradley, additional, and Wofsy, Steven, additional

Published
2022
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50. eP361: Democratizing carrier screening: A 34-gene panel of routine and challenging targets resolved using a single workflow

Author

Hernandez, James, primary, Hall, Bradley, additional, Kemppainen, Jon, additional, Thibert, Julie, additional, Edwards, Cody, additional, Chen, Liangjing, additional, Routsong, Ryan, additional, Fraher, Chris, additional, Markulin, Theodore, additional, Church, Melissa, additional, Turner, Jonathan, additional, Filipovic-Sadic, Stela, additional, Wisotsky, Jacob, additional, Janovsky, Justin, additional, Latham, Gary, additional, Haynes, Brian, additional, and Statt, Sarah, additional

Published
2022
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