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Aims: Bile duct injury (BDI) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Although the critical view of safety (CVS) concept is the most widely supported approach to prevent BDI, alternative approaches are used as well. The aim was to evaluate the incidence, severity, and management of bile duct injury in LC, using a posterior infundibular approach. Methods: This retrospective, monocentric cohort study includes patients who underwent LC for gallstone disease. Data were collected in a prospectively maintained database. Patients with BDI were identified and were analyzed in-depth. Results: Between 1999 and 2018, 8389 consecutive patients were included (M/F 3288/5101; mean age 55 (standard deviation; SD ± 17) years). Mean length of postoperative hospital stay was two days (SD ± 4). Fourteen patients died after LC and 21 patients were identified with BDI. Seventeen BDI (81%) patients were managed minimally invasive (14 endoscopic, 3 laparoscopic), and 4 patients via laparotomy (3 hepaticojejunostomy, 1 primary suture). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥3) after BDI repair were observed in 6 patients. There was no BDI-related mortality. Median follow-up time was 113 months (range 5–238). Conclusion: A posterior infundibular approach in LC was associated with a low incidence of BDI and no BDI-related mortality.

Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy, either laparoscopic or robotic, is a high-risk procedure with demanding learning curve. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate short-term clinical and oncologic outcomes of 3D-laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (3dLPD) with stented pancreaticogastrostomy (sPG) and Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy (ryGES).Between March 2016 and July 2021, 347 consecutive patients underwent 3dLPD for confirmed or suspected pancreatic or periampullary tumors. Pancreatic duct diameter measured 3 mm or less in 221 (64%) and pancreatic texture was soft in 191 (55%) patients. Simultaneous resection of the superior mesenteric or portal vein was performed in 52 (15%) patients.Postoperative complications were observed in 189 (54%) patients, with severe complications (Clavien-Dindo grade 2) in 68 (20%) including 4 (1.2%) deaths. Clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (cPOPF) occurred in 88 (25%), hemorrhage in 25 (7%), and bile leakage in 10 (3%) patients. Clinical pancreatic fistula was strongly associated with soft pancreatic texture and small pancreatic duct diameter (p 0.001) and managed by endoscopic trans-gastric drainage in 34 (38.6%) patients, reoperation in 12 (13.6%), and ICU admission in 11 (12.5%). The remaining 31 (35%) patients with cPOPF were managed without invasive intervention. Median length of hospital stay after surgery was 13 (range 5-112; IQR 8-18) days. In pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) the R0-resection rate was 66/186 (36%), R1-indirect 95/186 (51%), and R1-direct 25 (13%). Median number of locoregional lymph nodes retrieved in PDAC was 21 (IQR 15-28). R0-resection rate for malignancy other than PDAC was 78/86 (91%) with a median of 16 (IQR 12-22) locoregional lymph nodes retrieved.3dLPD with sPG and ryGES is associated with 1.2% mortality and 25% cPOPF. About two-third of patients with cPOPF were managed with some type of invasive intervention, whereas the intraoperatively placed drains sufficed in one-third of patients.Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02671357.

Background and Aims: Gastric outlet and biliary obstruction are common manifestations of GI malignancies and some benign diseases for which standard treatment would be surgical gastroenterostomy and hepaticojejunostomy (ie, “double bypass”). Therapeutic EUS has allowed for the creation of an EUS-guided double bypass. However, same-session double EUS-guided bypass has only been described in small proof-of-concept series and lacks a comparison with surgical double bypass. Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis was performed of all consecutive same-session double EUS-guided bypass procedures performed in 5 academic centers. Surgical comparators were extracted from these centers’ databases from the same time interval. Efficacy, safety, hospital stay, nutrition and chemotherapy resumption, long-term patency, and survival were compared. Results: Of 154 identified patients, 53 (34.4%) received treatment with EUS and 101 (65.6%) with surgery. At baseline, patients undergoing EUS exhibited higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores and a higher median Charlson Comorbidity Index (9.0 [interquartile range {IQR}, 7.0-10.0] vs 7.0 [IQR, 5.0-9.0], P

ImportanceOnly a few high-volume centers have reported on long-term oncologic outcomes after minimally invasive pancreatic surgery (MIPS) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but none of them have shown superior long-term overall survival (OS) compared with open pancreatic surgery (OPS).ObjectiveTo study long-term survival after MIPS and OPS with curative intent among patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis comparative effectiveness study used a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained electronic database of patient data collected between January 2010 and December 2019. Consecutive patients from a high-volume pancreatic cancer referral center were included. Data analysis was conducted from March to October 2022. Median follow-up time was 56.8 months.ExposuresPatients were matched using propensity score models to study long-term survival.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSurvival outcomes were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Variables used for propensity score correction were TNM stage, tumor dimension, lymph node status, type of operation, simultaneous vascular resection, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, sex, age, and American Society of Anesthesiologists score. Additional corrections were made for year of surgery and type of adjuvant chemotherapy.ResultsAfter propensity score matching the sample of 396 patients, there were 198 patients in the MIPS group (89 [44.9%] men; median [range] age, 68 [32-87] years) and 198 in the OPS group (94 [47.5%] men; median [range] age, 67 [39-84] years). Median OS in the MIPS group was 30.7 (95% CI, 26.2-36.8) months compared with 20.3 (95% CI, 17.6-23.5) months after OPS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.56-0.87; P = .002). Median disease-free survival (DFS) after MIPS vs OPS was 14.8 (95% CI, 11.8-17.0) months vs 10.7 (95% CI, 9.0-12.1) months (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57-0.89; P = .003). Additional corrections for year of surgery and type of adjuvant chemotherapy showed better OS (year of surgery: HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.96; P = .02; adjuvant chemotherapy: HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56-0.90; P = .005) and DFS (year of surgery: HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59-0.99; P = .04; adjuvant chemotherapy: HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.57-0.92; P = .009) for patients undergoing minimally invasive vs open surgery.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study of 396 patients with borderline resectable and resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, MIPS was associated with better OS and DFS than OPS. Centralization of MIPS should be stimulated, and pancreatic surgeons should be encouraged to pass the learning curve before implementing MIPS for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in daily clinical practice.

Tumor growth is inevitably accompanied by changes in the tumor-microenvironment to which cancer cells have to adapt in order to thrive. Alterations in metabolism and blood perfusion of solid tumors have been suggested to drive a spontaneous increase in tumoral temperature. However, it is currently unknown if this phenomenon affects cancer biology. We found increased temperature in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors. By mimicking this observation in PDAC cell lines, we found that cancer cells adapt to tumoral temperature by altering the cellular lipidome and accordingly evade ferroptosis, a lipid-dependent form of cell death. We found evidence that tumoral temperature-induced ferroptosis evasion depends on p38-MAPK deactivation and ultimately drives resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Collectively, our findings suggest a direct role for p38-dependend ferroptosis evasion in gemcitabine resistance, and we identify tumoral temperature as a pathophysiological driver of this process. Our discovery unveils temperature as an unexplored hallmark of the tumor-microenvironment. Citation Format: Vincent de Laat, Halit Topal, Jonas Dehairs, Xander Spotbeen, Ali Talebi, Frank Vanderhoydonc, Tessa Ostyn, Tania Roskams, Baki Topal, Johan Swinnen. Evidence for a tumoral temperature driven chemoresistance pathway in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2022 Sep 13-16; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(22 Suppl):Abstract nr C077.

Following our previous study about a lightweight self-adhering mesh (Adhesix®, Cousin Biotech, Wervicq-Sud, France; distributed by Davol Inc., subsidiary of C.R. Bard, Inc.), we report the long-term results with the use of this mesh in patients treated for a primary, unilateral inguinal hernia without any other hernias. Prospectively collected data of 100 patients between February 2011 and February 2014 were analyzed. The mean follow-up time was 2.7 years (range 1-4), and mean length of hospital stay was 0.6 days (range 0.5-1). At the time of the last follow-up visit, two patients (2%) had a recurrent inguinal hernia. Compared to preoperative values, patients reported a significant reduction in their pain sensation (visual analogue scale, VAS) after one month (4.61 vs. 1.32; P0.001). A difference in VAS scores remained significant at the last follow-up visit (1.31 vs. 0.28; P0.001). Patients reported high quality of life scores. Only one patient (1%) developed a clinically significant seroma that required an evacuating puncture. Two patients (2%) had superficial wound infections. Neither mesh infections nor mortalities occurred. This study, with a long follow-up, confirms our previous results: use of the Adhesix® mesh is safe, feasible, and efficient in laparoscopic hernia repair.

Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) is a common procedure in abdominal surgery. Use of mesh has become the gold standard in the last decade because of significantly fewer recurrences. Subsequently, the attention shifted to reduce mesh related complications in the short- and long-term as well as to facilitate its handling and positioning. In continuation of our previous study, we conducted a final analysis about the use of the Ventralight™ ST hernia patch (Davol Inc, Subsidary of C. R. Bard, Inc. Warwick, RI).Prospectively collected data of 61 consecutive patients (men/women: 44/17) from July 2011 to October 2013 were analysed in this final study. Patients were evaluated clinically at four time points in total. At the final clinical check- up, 97% of the total study population was reassessed. The primary outcome parameter was recurrence. Secondary outcome parameters were described in terms of mesh related complications, pain scores, and quality of life.Mean follow-up time was 23 months (range 16-44). Mean length of hospital stay was four days (range 2-17). There were no operative complications. Two patients (both80 years old) died more than one year after the procedure because of a cardiovascular event. One morbidly obese patient (2%) treated for a recurrent incisional hernia showed a second recurrence at the last follow-up visit. A clinical significant seroma was observed in two patients (3%) one month postoperatively. At last follow-up, two patients (3%) reported persistent mild discomfort at one specific spot. There was a significant reduction in the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at the last follow-up visit compared to preoperative scores (3.01 vs. 0.27; P0.01). Quality of life measurements using the SF-36 questionnaire showed good results.This final analysis of long-term follow-up results on the use of the Ventralight™ ST hernia patch in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair confirms our preliminary findings of the previous two reports. Use of the Ventralight™ ST hernia patch is associated with good short- and long-term outcomes and can be considered as safe and feasible in LVHR.

The purpose of the current prospective study was to confirm the results of our previous study on the use of the Ventralight™ ST mesh. In this study we also evaluated a pre-attached positioning system. Between July 2011 and October 2013 prospectively collected data of 61 consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopic ventral hernia repair were analyzed. Short- and long-term outcomes were described. A total of 61 patients were treated in this period (men/women ratio 44/17). Overall median follow-up was 7 months (range 2-29). There were 30 patients with a follow-up of at least 12 months. Mean hernia diameter was 6 x 5 cm (craniocaudal x laterolateral) (range 1.5 x 1.5 to 20 x 15 cm). Overall mean length of hospital stay was 4.4 days. Postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) at last follow-up was significantly lower than the preoperative VAS (3.01 vs 0.68; P = 0.011) There were no intraoperative complications. In the whole group, only 6 patients (10%) showed minor complications. Four patients had mild discomfort, another 2 patients developed a clinically significant seroma. The complication rate in the subgroup with a follow-up of at least 1 year was 13%. No recurrences were observed. This study confirms our preliminary findings on the use of this mesh. The optional positioning system offers a significantly more quick and proper mesh positioning.

The aim of the current prospective study was to show the results of a new type of medium-weight monofilament polypropylene mesh covered with a hydrogel barrier on the visceral side. Between July 2011 and April 2013 prospectively collected data on 30 consecutive patients who underwent abdominal wall hernia repair using a medium-weight mesh covered with carboxymethylcellulose-sodiumhyaluronate coating (Ventralight™ ST mesh, Davol Inc, Subsidary of C. R. Bard, Inc. Warwick, RI) were analyzed. Out of these patients, those who had a follow-up of at least 12 months were selected. Short- and long-term outcomes were described. Meanwhile, registration continues up to completion of a series with 100 included patients. A total of 17 patients were selected (men/women ratio 11/6). Median follow-up was 12 months (range 12-21). Mean hernia diameter was 7 cm x 5 cm (craniocaudal x laterolateral) (range 1.5 x 1.5 to 20 x 15). Mean length of hospital stay was 6.1 days. Postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at last follow-up was significantly lower than the preoperative VAS (P = 0.017) There were no intraoperative complications. Four patients (23%) developed minor complications. Two patients had mild discomfort, another two patients developed a seroma. No recurrences were observed. This intermediate study shows good results using a biofilm coated mesh and confirm the positive results obtained in the Sasse clinical trial.