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Context: Manual therapy (MT ) is reported to increase range of motion (ROM ), improve balance, and decrease pain in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Additional literature is needed to examine the effectiveness of the addition of MT to a therapeutic exercise regimen in individuals with CAL Objective : To examine the combined effects of thrust joint manipulation ( TJM ) and exercise on function in participants reporting CAI . Design . Randomized controlled trial. Sening: Research laboratory. Participants: A convenience sample of 30 participants (mean age 23 . 7 [ 3 .651 y ; mean height 169 . 50 [9 . 50 ] cm ; mean mass 66 . 48 [ 10.64]1 kg). Intervention: Participants were randomly allocated to the exercise (n = 15 ) or exercise + TJM group (n = 20) and completed an exercise program. The exercise + TJM group also received MT at the talocrural proximal, and distal tibiofibular joints in the first 3 sessions. Main Outcome Measures. Self-reported outcomes were recorded at baseline and follow - up using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), the FAAM-Sport (FAAM-S) subscale, and the Ankle Joint Functional Assessment Tool (AJFAT). The side-hop test, figure-of-8 hop test, 3 directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test. and dorsifiexion ROM were also assessed at baseline and follow -up . Results : Only the exercise + TJM group demonstrated an improvement in weightbearing dorsiflexion with the knee flexed following treatment (P = .02). For all outcome measures, except ROM, subjects improved significantly at follow - up regardless of group assignment (P 5 . 01 ). Conclusions : Our data suggest that rehabilitation of patients with CAI is related to improved ROM, function, and self-reported outcomes. This provides evidence that the addition of MT to exercise may enhance improvements in ROM as compared with exercise alone. Additional research is needed to identify optimal parameters to maximize therapeutic benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The etiology of patellar tendinopathy as it relates to clinical management of chronic patellar-tendon disease in athletes is examined. Inflammatory response and degenerative changes result in the complex process of pathoetiology of patellar tendinopathy.

Examines the reliability of the instrument Cybex Reactor in assessing agility tasks. Evaluation and reevaluation of athletic injuries; Components of the instrument; Reliability measures between adjacent testing sessions.