172 results on '"Hakimi H"'
Search Results
2. Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Formation of Bacterial Isolates Derived from Pediatric Patients with Cystic Fibrosis from Tehran, Iran
- Author
-
Kodori, M, Nikmanesh, B, Hakimi, H, and Ghalavand, Z
- Subjects
Male ,Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Short Communication ,Veterinary medicine ,Iran ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,cystic fibrosis ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,pediatric ,Biofilms ,SF600-1100 ,biofilm formation ,Animals ,Female ,antibiotics susceptibility test - Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Children with CF commonly suffer from recurrent and persistent pulmonary tract infections caused by diverse bacterial pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and biofilm formation of bacterial isolates in pediatric patients with CF. The study population of this cross-sectional study included 8,908 children suspected to have CF by clinical manifestations from March 2015 to August 2017 who were referred to the Tehran Pediatric Central Hospital, Iran. The tests carried out for each participant included screening sweat test, sputum culture, antibiotic susceptibility test using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and biofilm formation in microtiter plates method. Based onclinical examination and screening sweat test, 183 (2.05 %( out of 8,908 children, were positive for CF. The mean age of children was estimated at 2.93 years, and the majority of them were male (n=103, 56.2%). No gender-specific difference was observed in CF disease in this study (Pamp;gt;0.05). In addition, the results of sputum culture showed that 153 (83.6%) microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were collected from CF patients. Normal flora was isolated in 30 (16.4%) patients and more than one bacterial species were isolated in 7.2% of patients. The obtained results indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent isolated bacteria followed by Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility test results, P. aeruginosa and piperacillin/tazobactam had the highest (11.7%) and the lowest (2.3%) resistance rate against gentamicin, respectively. However, all K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to Cefotaxime. Among S. aureus isolates, 83.4% and 16.6% were methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Concerning biofilm formation, 76%, 67%, and 72.5% of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae isolates were biofilm producers, respectively. Based on the study results, P. aeruginosa was the dominant pathogen in pediatric patients with CF from Tehran, Iran, and most of the pathogens were biofilm producers. No severe antibiotic resistance was observed in the isolates; however, the anti-microbial resistance profile should be carefully checked in CF patients on a regular basis.
- Published
- 2021
3. Effectiveness of microcredit program and determinants of income among small business entrepreneurs in Malaysia
- Author
-
Terano, Rika, Mohamed, Zainalabidin, and Jusri, Jarir Hakimi H.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Drillstring vibration analysis using differential quadrature method
- Author
-
Hakimi, H. and Moradi, S.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Concept of active aging in diabetics: A qualitative article
- Author
-
Dorri, S., Hakimi, H., Forough Rafii, Ashghali Farahani, M., and Mohammadi, H.
- Subjects
aged ,diabetes ,aging ,RT1-120 ,Nursing ,iran ,qualitative research - Abstract
Background & Aim: Iranian elderly population is increasing, and a high percentage of this population suffers from diabetes. Considering that the concept of active aging has not been developed in the context of chronic diseases that are common in aging (such as diabetes), the purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of active aging in diabetic elderly patients based on a hybrid model. Methods & Materials: Three stages of hybrid model (theoretical, field work and final analysis) were used in this study. In the theoretical phase, 35 articles (published in 1990-2016) from scientific databases were analyzed. In the field work phase, 10 participants were interviewed and then a qualitative content analysis was performed. In the final phase, the findings of the two previous stages were merged and analyzed. Results: The definition of active aging for the diabetic elderly is a comprehensive, dynamic, multidimensional and culturally dependent process that requires a sense of satisfaction, happiness, well-being, security, and physical and mental health, that is achieved through social participation, providence of appropriate health and employment services, awareness of diabetes, and financial, emotional, family, and governmental support that brings subjective and objective benefits to the international, national and individual levels (such as adaptation to illness, a sense of worth and self-esteem). In order to achieve this, paying attention to the whole life span from childhood to old age is needed. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that health, security, satisfaction, participation, access to health services, support and knowledge of diabetes play an important role in activating elderly people with diabetes in Iran.
- Published
- 2019
6. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
-
Zhou, B, Carrillo-Larco, Rm, Danaei, G, Riley, Lm, Paciorek, Cj, Stevens, Ga, Gregg, Ew, Bennett, Je, Solomon, B, Singleton, Rk, Sophiea, Mk, Iurilli, Mlc, Lhoste, Vpf, Cowan, Mj, Savin, S, Woodward, M, Balanova, Y, Cifkova, R, Damasceno, A, Elliott, P, Farzadfar, F, He, J, Ikeda, N, Kengne, Ap, Khang, Yh, Kim, Hc, Laxmaiah, A, Lin, Hh, Maira, Pm, Miranda, Jj, Neuhauser, H, Sundstrom, J, Varghese, C, Widyahening, Is, Zdrojewski, T, Ezzati, M, Abarca-Gomez, L, Abdeen, Za, Rahim, Hfa, Abu-Rmeileh, Nm, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, Rj, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Afzal, S, Agdeppa, Ia, Aghazadeh-Attari, J, Aguilar-Salinas, Ca, Agyemang, C, Ahmad, Na, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, N, Ahmadizar, F, Ahmed, Sh, Ahrens, W, Ajlouni, K, Al-Raddadi, R, Alarouj, M, Albuhairan, F, Aldhukair, S, Ali, Mm, Alkandari, A, Alkerwi, A, Allin, K, Aly, E, Amarapurkar, Dn, Amougou, N, Amouyel, P, Andersen, Lb, Anderssen, Sa, Anjana, Rm, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansong, D, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araujo, J, Ariansen, I, Aris, T, Arku, Re, Arlappa, N, Aryal, Kk, Aspelund, T, Assah, Fk, Assuncao, Mcf, Auvinen, J, Avdicova, M, Azevedo, A, Azimi-Nezhad, M, Azizi, F, Azmin, M, Babu, Bv, Bahijri, S, Balakrishna, N, Bamoshmoosh, M, Banach, M, Banadinovic, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas, Jr, Baran, J, Barbagallo, Cm, Barcelo, A, Barkat, A, Barreto, M, Barros, Ajd, Barros, Mvg, Bartosiewicz, A, Basit, A, Bastos, Jld, Bata, I, Batieha, Am, Batyrbek, A, Baur, La, Beaglehole, R, Belavendra, A, Ben Romdhane, H, Benet, M, Benson, Ls, Berkinbayev, S, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bettiol, H, Bezerra, J, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bhargava, Sk, Bia, D, Biasch, K, Lele, Ecb, Bikbov, Mm, Bista, B, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertness, E, Bjertness, Mb, Bjorkelund, C, Bloch, Kv, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boeing, H, Boggia, Jg, Boissonnet, Cp, Bojesen, Se, Bongard, V, Bonilla-Vargas, A, Bopp, M, Borghs, H, Bovet, P, Boyer, Cb, Braeckman, L, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, Lm, Briceno, Y, Brito, M, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Hb, Bueno, G, Bugge, A, Burns, C, Bursztyn, M, de Leon, Ac, Cacciottolo, J, Cameron, C, Can, G, Candido, Apc, Capanzana, Mv, Capkova, N, Capuano, E, Capuano, V, Cardoso, Vc, Carlsson, Ac, Carvalho, J, Casanueva, Ff, Censi, L, Cervantes-Loaiza, M, Chadjigeorgiou, Ca, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, Aw, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, Hk, Chaturvedi, N, Chee, Ml, Chen, Cj, Chen, Ff, Chen, Hs, Chen, Sh, Chen, Zm, Cheng, Cy, Cheraghian, B, Dekkaki, Ic, Chetrit, A, Chien, Kl, Chiolero, A, Chiou, St, Chirita-Emandi, A, Chirlaque, Md, Cho, B, Christensen, K, Christofaro, Dg, Chudek, J, Cinteza, E, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cohen, E, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Coppinger, Tc, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, Cl, Crampin, Ac, Crujeiras, Ab, Cruz, Jj, Csilla, S, Cui, Lf, Cureau, Fv, Cuschieri, S, D'Arrigo, G, D'Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Dankner, R, Dantoft, Tm, Dauchet, L, Davletov, K, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, De Curtis, A, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, de Oliveira, Pd, De Ridder, D, De Smedt, D, Deepa, M, Deev, Ad, Degennaro, V, Delisle, H, Demarest, S, Dennison, E, Deschamps, V, Dhimal, M, Di Castelnuovo, Af, Dias-da-Costa, Js, Diaz, A, Dickerson, Tt, Dika, Z, Djalalinia, S, Htp, Do, Dobson, Aj, Donfrancesco, C, Donoso, Sp, Doring, A, Dorobantu, M, Dorr, M, Doua, K, Dragano, N, Drygas, W, Duante, Ca, Duboz, P, Duda, Rb, Dulskiene, V, Dushpanova, A, Dzakula, A, Dzerve, V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eddie, R, Eftekhar, E, Eggertsen, R, Eghtesad, S, Eiben, G, Ekelund, U, El-Khateeb, M, El Ati, J, Eldemire-Shearer, D, Eliasen, M, Elosua, R, Erasmus, Rt, Erbel, R, Erem, C, Eriksen, L, Eriksson, Jg, Escobedo-de la Pena, J, Eslami, S, Esmaeili, A, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Fakhretdinova, Aa, Fall, Ch, Faramarzi, E, Farjam, M, Fattahi, Mr, Fawwad, A, Felix-Redondo, Fj, Felix, Sb, Ferguson, Ts, Fernandes, Ra, Fernandez-Berges, D, Ferrante, D, Ferrao, T, Ferrari, M, Ferrario, Mm, Ferreccio, C, Ferreira, Hs, Ferrer, E, Ferrieres, J, Figueiro, Th, Fink, G, Fischer, K, Foo, Lh, Forsner, M, Fouad, Hm, Francis, Dk, Grego, Franco, Frikke-Schmidt, R, Frontera, G, Fuchs, Fd, Fuchs, Sc, Fujita, Y, Fumihiko, M, Furdela, V, Furer, A, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Galbarczyk, A, Galenkamp, H, Galvano, F, Gao, Jl, Gao, P, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Garcia, P, Gareta, D, Garnett, Sp, Gaspoz, Jm, Gasull, M, Gazzinelli, A, Gehring, U, Geleijnse, Jm, George, R, Ghanbari, A, Ghasemi, E, Gheorghe-Fronea, Of, Ghimire, A, Gialluisi, A, Giampaoli, S, Gieger, C, Gill, Tk, Giovannelli, J, Gironella, G, Giwercman, A, Gkiouras, K, Goldberg, M, Goldsmith, Ra, Gomez, Lf, Gomula, A, da Silva, Bgc, Goncalves, H, Goncalves, M, Gonzalez-Chica, Da, Gonzalez-Gross, M, Gonzalez-Rivas, Jp, Gonzalez-Villalpando, C, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Me, Gonzalez, Ar, Gorbea, Mb, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Grajda, A, Grammatikopoulou, Mg, Gregor, Rd, Grodzicki, T, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Df, Gu, Guan, Op, Gudmundsson, Ef, Gudnason, V, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, Al, Gulliford, Mc, Gunnlaugsdottir, J, Gunter, Mj, Gupta, Pc, Gupta, R, Gureje, O, Gurzkowska, B, Gutierrez, L, Gutzwiller, F, Ha, S, Hadaegh, F, Haghshenas, R, Hakimi, H, Halkjaer, J, Hambleton, Ir, Hamzeh, B, Hange, D, Hanif, Aam, Hantunen, S, Hao, J, Hardman, Cm, Kumar, Rh, Hashemi-Shahri, Sm, Hata, J, Haugsgjerd, T, Hayes, Aj, Yn, He, Heier, M, Hendriks, Me, Henrique, Rd, Henriques, A, Cadena, Lh, Herrala, S, Heshmat, R, Hill, Ag, Sy, Ho, Sc, Ho, Hobbs, M, Holdsworth, M, Homayounfar, R, Dinc, Gh, Horimoto, Arvr, Hormiga, Cm, Horta, Bl, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, Tt, Htet, As, Htike, Mmt, Yh, Hu, Huerta, Jm, Huhtaniemi, It, Huiart, L, Huisman, M, Husseini, As, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, Ag, Ibrahim, Mm, Wong, Ni, Ikram, Ma, Iotova, V, Irazola, Ve, Ishida, T, Isiguzo, Gc, Islam, M, Islam, Sms, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, Rt, Jacobs, Jm, Jaddou, Hy, Jafar, T, James, K, Jamrozik, K, Janszky, I, Janus, E, Jarvelin, Mr, Jasienska, G, Jelakovic, A, Jelakovic, B, Jennings, G, Jha, Ak, Jiang, Cq, Jimenez, Ro, Jockel, Kh, Joffres, M, Johansson, M, Jokelainen, Jj, Jonas, Jb, Jorgensen, T, Joshi, P, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Juolevi, A, Jurak, G, Juresa, V, Kaaks, R, Kafatos, A, Kajantie, Eo, Kalmatayeva, Z, Kalpourtzi, N, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kampmann, Fb, Kannan, S, Karaglani, E, Karhus, Ll, Karki, Kb, Katibeh, M, Katz, J, Kauhanen, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Kazakbaeva, Gm, Keil, U, Boker, Lk, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelishadi, R, Kemper, Hcg, Keramati, M, Kerimkulova, A, Kersting, M, Key, T, Khader, Ys, Khalili, D, Khaw, Kt, Kheiri, B, Kheradmand, M, Khosravi, A, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiechl, S, Killewo, J, Kim, Dw, Kim, J, Klakk, H, Klimek, M, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Kolle, E, Kolsteren, P, Kontto, Jp, Korpelainen, R, Korrovits, P, Kos, J, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kowlessur, S, Koziel, S, Kratenova, J, Kriaucioniene, V, Kristensen, Pl, Krokstad, S, Kromhout, D, Kruger, Hs, Kubinova, R, Kuciene, R, Kujala, Um, Kulaga, Z, Kumar, Rk, Kurjata, P, Kusuma, Ys, Kutsenko, V, Kuulasmaa, K, Kyobutungi, C, Laatikainen, T, Lachat, C, Laid, Y, Lam, Th, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Larijani, B, Latt, Ts, Le Coroller, G, Bao, Kln, Le, THUY DUNG, Lee, J, Lehmann, N, Lehtimaki, T, Lemogoum, D, Levitt, Ns, Yp, Li, Lilly, Cl, Lim, Wy, Lima-Costa, Mf, Lin, X, Lin, Yt, Lind, L, Lingam, V, Linneberg, A, Lissner, L, Litwin, M, Wc, Lo, Loit, Hm, Lopez-Garcia, E, Lopez, T, Lotufo, Pa, Lozano, Je, Lovrencic, Il, Lukrafka, Jl, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lundqvist, R, Lunet, N, Lustigova, M, Luszczki, E, Gs, Ma, Ma, J, Machado-Coelho, Gll, Machado-Rodrigues, Am, Macia, E, Macieira, Lm, Madar, Aa, Maggi, S, Magliano, Dj, Magriplis, E, Mahasampath, G, Maire, B, Majer, M, Makdisse, M, Malekzadeh, F, Malekzadeh, R, Malhotra, R, Mallikharjuna, K, Malyutina, Sk, Maniego, Lv, Manios, Y, Mann, Ji, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Manzato, E, Marcil, A, Margozzini, P, Marild, Sb, Glavic, Mm, Marques-Vidal, P, Marques, Lp, Marrugat, J, Martorell, R, Mascarenhas, Lp, Matasin, M, Mathiesen, Eb, Mathur, P, Matijasevich, A, Matlosz, P, Matsha, Te, Mavrogianni, C, Mbanya, Jcn, Posso, Ajm, Mcfarlane, Sr, Mcgarvey, St, Mclachlan, S, Mclean, Rm, Mclean, Sb, Mcnulty, Ba, Benchekor, Sm, Medzioniene, J, Mehdipour, P, Mehlig, K, Mehrparvar, Ah, Meirhaeghe, A, Meisinger, C, Montano, Cm, Menezes, Amb, Menon, Gr, Mereke, A, Meshram, Ii, Metspalu, A, Meyer, He, Mi, J, Michels, N, Mikkel, K, Milkowska, K, Miller, Jc, Minderico, Cs, Mini, Gk, Mirjalili, Mr, Mirrakhimov, E, Misigoj-Durakovic, M, Modesti, Pa, Moghaddam, Ss, Mohajer, B, Mohamed, Mk, Mohamed, Sf, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, Mr, Mohammadi, Z, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohan, V, Mohanna, S, Yusoff, Mfm, Mohebbi, I, Mohebi, F, Moitry, M, Mollehave, Lt, Molnar, D, Momenan, A, Mondo, Ck, Monterrubio-Flores, E, Monyeki, Kdk, Moon, Js, Moosazadeh, M, Moreira, Lb, Morejon, A, Moreno, La, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mostafavi, Sa, Mota, J, Motlagh, Me, Motta, J, Moura-dos-Santos, Ma, Mridha, Mk, Msyamboza, Kp, Tt, Mu, Muhihi, Aj, Muiesan, Ml, Muller-Nurasyid, M, Murphy, N, Mursu, J, Musa, Ki, Milanovic, Sm, Musil, V, Mustafa, N, Nabipour, I, Naderimagham, S, Nagel, G, Naidu, Bm, Najafi, F, Nakamura, H, Namesna, J, Nang, Eek, Nangia, Vb, Narake, S, Ndiaye, Nc, Neal, Wa, Nejatizadeh, A, Nenko, I, Neovius, M, Neuhauser, Hk, Nguyen, Ct, Nguyen, Nd, Nguyen, Qv, Nguyen, Qn, Nieto-Martinez, Re, Niiranen, Tj, Nikitin, Yp, Ninomiya, T, Nishtar, S, Njelekela, Ma, Noale, M, Noboa, Oa, Noorbala, Aa, Norat, T, Nordendahl, M, Nordestgaard, Bg, Noto, D, Nowak-Szczepanska, N, Al Nsour, M, Nunes, B, O'Neill, Tw, O'Reilly, D, Ochimana, C, Oda, E, Odili, An, Oh, K, Ohara, K, Ohtsuka, R, Olie, V, Olinto, Mta, Oliveira, Io, Omar, Ma, Onat, A, Ong, Sk, Ono, Lm, Ordunez, P, Ornelas, R, Ortiz, Pj, Osmond, C, Ostojic, Sm, Ostovar, A, Otero, Ja, Overvad, K, Owusu-Dabo, E, Paccaud, Fm, Padez, C, Pahomova, E, de Paiva, Km, Pajak, A, Palli, D, Palmieri, L, Pan, Wh, Panda-Jonas, S, Panza, F, Paoli, M, Papandreou, D, Park, Sw, Park, S, Parnell, Wr, Parsaeian, M, Pasquet, P, Patel, Nd, Pavlyshyn, H, Pecin, I, Pednekar, Ms, Pedro, Jm, Peer, N, Peixoto, Sv, Peltonen, M, Pereira, Ac, Peres, Kgda, Peres, Ma, Peters, A, Petkeviciene, J, Peykari, N, Pham, St, Pichardo, Rn, Pigeot, I, Pikhart, H, Pilav, A, Pilotto, L, Pitakaka, F, Piwonska, A, Pizarro, An, Plans-Rubio, P, Polasek, O, Porta, M, Poudyal, A, Pourfarzi, F, Pourshams, A, Poustchi, H, Pradeepa, R, Price, Aj, Price, Jf, Providencia, R, Puhakka, Se, Puiu, M, Punab, M, Qasrawi, Rf, Qorbani, M, Queiroz, D, Bao, Tq, Radic, I, Radisauskas, R, Rahimikazerooni, S, Rahman, M, Raitakari, O, Raj, M, Rakhimova, Em, Rao, Sr, Ramachandran, A, Ramos, E, Rampal, L, Rampal, S, Reina, Dar, Rarra, V, Rech, Cr, Redon, J, Reganit, Pfm, Regecova, V, Revilla, L, Rezaianzadeh, A, Ribeiro, R, Riboli, E, Richter, A, Rigo, F, de Wit, Tfr, Ritti-Dias, Rm, Robitaille, C, Rodriguez-Artalejo, F, Rodriguez-Perez, Md, Rodriguez-Villamizar, La, Roggenbuck, U, Rojas-Martinez, R, Romaguera, D, Romeo, El, Rosengren, A, Roy, Jgr, Rubinstein, A, Ruidavets, Jb, Ruiz-Betancourt, Bs, Ruiz-Castell, M, Rusakova, Ia, Russo, P, Rutkowski, M, Sabanayagam, C, Sabbaghi, H, Sachdev, Hs, Sadjadi, A, Safarpour, Ar, Safi, S, Safiri, S, Saidi, O, Sakarya, S, Saki, N, Salanave, B, Martinez, Es, Salmeron, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, Jt, Salvetti, M, Sanchez-Abanto, J, Sans, S, Santos, Da, Santos, Is, Santos, Lc, Santos, Mp, Santos, R, Saramies, Jl, Sardinha, Lb, Sarganas, G, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sathish, T, Saum, Ku, Savva, S, Sawada, N, Sbaraini, M, Scazufca, M, Schaan, Bd, Schargrodsky, H, Schipf, S, Schmidt, Co, Schnohr, P, Schottker, B, Schramm, S, Schultsz, C, Schutte, Ae, Sebert, S, Sein, Aa, Sen, A, Senbanjo, Io, Sepanlou, Sg, Servais, J, Shalnova, Sa, Shamah-Levy, T, Shamshirgaran, M, Shanthirani, Cs, Sharafkhah, M, Sharma, Sk, Shaw, Je, Shayanrad, A, Shayesteh, Aa, Shi, Zm, Shibuya, K, Shimizu-Furusawa, H, Shin, Dw, Shirani, M, Shiri, R, Shrestha, N, Si-Ramlee, K, Siani, A, Siantar, R, Sibai, Am, Silva, Crd, Silva, Das, Simon, M, Simons, J, Simons, La, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Smeeth, L, Hk, So, Soares, Fc, Sobngwi, E, Soderberg, S, Soemantri, A, Sofat, R, Solfrizzi, V, Somi, Mh, Sonestedt, E, Song, Y, Sorensen, Tia, Sorgjerd, Ep, Soric, M, Jerome, Cs, Soumare, A, Sparboe-Nilsen, B, Sparrenberger, K, Staessen, Ja, Starc, G, Stavreski, B, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stein, Ad, Stergiou, Gs, Stessman, J, Stieber, J, Stockl, D, Stocks, T, Stokwiszewski, J, Stronks, K, Strufaldi, Mw, Suka, M, Sun, Ca, Sung, Yt, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Rg, Sy, Syddall, He, Sylva, Rc, Szklo, M, Tai, Es, Tammesoo, Ml, Tamosiunas, A, Tan, Ej, Tang, X, Tanser, F, Tao, Y, Tarawneh, Mr, Tarqui-Mamani, Cb, Taylor, A, Taylor, J, Tebar, Wr, Tell, Gs, Tello, T, Tham, Yc, Thankappan, Kr, Theobald, H, Theodoridis, X, Thijs, L, Thinggaard, M, Thomas, N, Thorand, B, Thuesen, Bh, Timmermans, Ej, Tjandrarini, Dh, Tjonneland, A, Toft, U, Tolonen, Hk, Tolstrup, Js, Topbas, M, Topor-Madry, R, Tormo, Mj, Tornaritis, Mj, Torrent, M, Torres-Collado, L, Touloumi, G, Traissac, P, Triantafyllou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Trichopoulou, A, Trinh, Oth, Trivedi, A, Tshepo, L, Tsugane, S, Tuliakova, Am, Tulloch-Reid, Mk, Tullu, F, Tuomainen, Tp, Tuomilehto, J, Turley, Ml, Twig, G, Tynelius, P, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ugel, E, Ulmer, H, Uusitalo, Hmt, Valdivia, G, Valvi, D, van Dam, Rm, van den Born, Bj, Van der Heyden, J, van der Schouw, Yt, Van Herck, K, Minh, Hv, Van Schoor, Nm, van Valkengoed, Igm, van Zutphen, Em, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Varbo, A, Vasan, Sk, Vega, T, Veidebaum, T, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Veronesi, G, Verschuren, Wmm, Verstraeten, R, Victora, Cg, Viet, L, Villalpando, S, Vineis, P, Vioque, J, Virtanen, Jk, Visvikis-Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vlasoff, T, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, A, Wade, An, Walton, J, Wambiya, Eoa, Bebakar, Wmw, Mohamud, Wnw, Wanderley, Rd, Wang, Md, Wang, Nl, Wang, Q, Wang, Xj, Wang, Yx, Wang, Yw, Wannamethee, Sg, Wareham, N, Wei, Wb, Weres, A, Werner, B, Whincup, Ph, Widhalm, K, Wiecek, A, Wilks, Rj, Willeit, J, Willeit, P, Williams, Ea, Wilsgaard, T, Wojtyniak, B, Wong-McClure, Ra, Wong, A, Wong, Ty, Woo, J, Fc, Wu, Sl, Wu, Wyszynska, J, Hq, Xu, Xu, L, Yaacob, Na, Yan, Wl, Yang, L, Yang, Xg, Yang, Y, Yasuharu, T, Xw, Ye, Yiallouros, Pk, Yoosefi, M, Yoshihara, A, You, Sl, Younger-Coleman, No, Yusoff, Af, Zainuddin, Aa, Zakavi, Sr, Zamani, F, Zambon, S, Zampelas, A, Zapata, Me, Zaw, Kk, Zejglicova, K, Vrkic, Tz, Zeng, Y, Zhang, Lx, Zhang, Zy, Zhao, D, Zhao, Mh, Zhen, Sq, Zheng, Yf, Zholdin, B, Zhu, D, Zins, M, Zitt, E, Zocalo, Y, Zoghlami, N, Cisneros, Jz, Borghs, Herman, Claessens, Frank, Staessen, Jan, Thijs, Lutgarde, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Imperial Coll London, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, WHO, Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ New South Wales, Natl Med Res Ctr Therapy & Prevent Med, Charles Univ Prague, Thomayer Hosp, Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tulane Univ, Natl Inst Biomed Innovat Hlth & Nutr, South African Med Res Council, Seoul Natl Univ, Yonsei Univ, ICMR Natl Inst Nutr, Natl Taiwan Univ, Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Robert Koch Inst, Uppsala Univ, Univ Indonesia, Med Univ Gdansk, Univ Ghana, Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, Al Quds Univ, Qatar Univ, Birzeit Univ, Inst Mexicano Seguro Social, Flinders Univ S Australia, Mahidol Univ, BRAC Univ, Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Food & Nutr Res Inst, Urmia Univ Med Sci, Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Univ Amsterdam, Minist Hlth, Modeling Hlth Res Ctr, Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci, Erasmus MC, Univ Oslo, Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol BIPS, Natl Ctr Diabet Endocrinol & Genet, King Abdulaziz Univ, Dasman Diabet Inst, Aldara Hosp & Med Ctr, King Abdullah Int Med Res Ctr, Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Bispebjerg, Frederiksberg Univ Hosp, WHO Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Bombay Hosp & Med Res Ctr, CNRS, Univ Lille, Lille Univ Hosp, Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norwegian Sch Sport Sci, Madras Diabet Res Fdn, Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Porto, Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Massachusetts, Abt Associates Inc, Univ Iceland, Univ Yaounde I, Univ Fed Pelotas, Univ Oulu, Oulu Univ Hosp, Banska Bystr Reg Author Publ Hlth, Neyshabur Univ Med Sci, Res Inst Endocrine Sci, Indian Council Med Res, Univ Sci & Technol, Med Univ Lodz, Univ Zagreb, Univ Autonoma Madrid CIBERESP, Univ Rzeszow, Univ Palermo, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Mohammed V Univ Rabat, Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, NOVA Univ Lisbon, Univ Pernambuco, Baqai Inst Diabetol & Endocrinol, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Dalhousie Univ, Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Univ Sydney, Univ Auckland, Christian Med Coll Vellore, Univ Tunis El Manar, Cafam Univ Fdn, Univ Utah, Kazakh Natl Med Univ, Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), BJ Med Coll, Sunder Lal Jain Hosp, Univ Republica, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Med Res & Med Plant Studies, Ufa Eye Res Inst, Nepal Hlth Res Council, Univ Southern Denmark, Univ Gothenburg, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Univ Turin, UCL, German Inst Human Nutr, Ctr Educ Med & Invest Clin, Toulouse Univ, Univ Zurich, Univ Hosp KU Leuven, Unisante, Univ Ghent, Univ Cent Venezuela, Bielefeld Univ, German Canc Res Ctr, Univ Andres, Inst Politecn Lisboa, Univ Zaragoza, Univ Coll Copenhagen, Munster Technol Univ, Hadassah Univ, Univ La Laguna, Univ Malta, Canadian Fitness & Lifestyle Res Inst, Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Gaetano Fucito Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Santiago Compostela Univ, Council Agr Res & Econ, Res & Educ Inst Child Hlth, India Diabet Res Fdn, Duke NUS Med Sch, ICMR Natl Inst Med Stat, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Acad Sinica, Capital Inst Pediat, Duke Univ, Kailuan Gen Hosp, Univ Oxford, Ahvaz Jundishapur Univ Med Sci, Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, Univ Bern, Minist Hlth & Welf, Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm Timisoara, CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Med Univ Silesia, Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Katholieke Univ Leuven, STAT Canada, Agcy Prevent & Social Med, Univ Southampton, IRCCS Neuromed, Inst Pasteur, Malawi Epidemiol & Intervent Res Unit, CIBEROBN, Univ Autonoma Madrid, Univ Debrecen, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, CNR, Geneva Univ Hosp, Innovating Hlth Int, Univ Montreal, Sciensano, French Publ Hlth Agcy, Mediterranea Cardioctr, Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos, Natl Council Sci & Tech Res, Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Natl Inst Nutr, Univ Queensland, Ist Super Sanita, Univ Cuenca, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Univ Med Greifswald, Minist Sante & Hyg Publ, Univ Hosp Dusseldorf, Natl Inst Cardiol, IRL 3189 ESS, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Harvard Med Sch, Scuola Super Sant Anna, Univ Latvia, Minist Hlth & Med Serv, Hormozgan Univ Med Sci, Univ Tehran Med Sci, Univ Skovde, Natl Inst Nutr & Food Technol, Univ West Indies, Inst Hosp Mar Invest Med, CIBERCV, Univ Stellenbosch, Univ Duisburg Essen, Karadeniz Tech Univ, Univ Helsinki, Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci, Queens Univ Belfast, Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Fasa Univ Med Sci, Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Baqai Med Univ, Ctr Salud Villanueva Norte, Hosp Don Benito Villanueva de la Serena, Univ Insubria, Univ Fed Alagoas, Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Univ Basel, Univ Tartu, Univ Sains Malaysia, Umea Univ, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Hosp Univ Son Espases, Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Kindai Univ, Kyoto Univ, I Horbachevsky Ternopil Natl Med Univ, Tel Aviv Univ, Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Med Univ Warsaw, Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Univ Catania, Peking Univ, Wuqu Kawoq, Africa Hlth Res Inst, Univ Geneva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Univ Utrecht, Wageningen Univ, Med Res Fdn, BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Univ Adelaide, Lund Univ, Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Inst Natl Sante & Rech Med, Paris Univ, Pontificia Univ Javeriana, PASs Hirszfeld Inst Immunol & Expt Therapy, Univ Agostinho Neto, Univ Politecn Madrid, Int Clin Res Ctr, Ctr Estudios Diabet AC, Univ Autonoma Santo Domingo, Natl Inst Hyg Epidemiol & Microbiol, Inst Clin & Expt Med, Childrens Mem Hlth Inst, Int Hellen Univ, Natl Ctr Cardiovasc Dis, Iceland Heart Assoc, Univ ICESI, Univ Estadual Montes Claros, Kings Coll London, Int Agcy Res Canc, Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Univ Ibadan, Inst Clin Effectiveness & Hlth Policy, Natl Hlth Insurance Serv, Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr, Danish Canc Soc Res Ctr, Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, BRAC James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Univ Eastern Finland, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Kyushu Univ, Univ Bergen, Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Joep Lange Inst, Chron Dis Res Ctr, Univ Hong Kong, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Univ Western Australia, French Natl Res Inst Sustainable Dev, Celal Bayar Univ, Fdn Oftalmol Santander, Univ Oran 1, Minist Hlth & Sports, Sante Publ France, Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Amer Univ Beirut, Cairo Univ, Med Univ Varna, Univ Tokyo, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Hosp Sick Children, Deakin Univ, Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Gerontol, Hadassah Univ Med Ctr, Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Univ Melbourne, Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Heart Fdn, Guangzhou 12th Hosp, Univ Eugenio Maria Hostos, Simon Fraser Univ, Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, WHO Country Off, Guilan Univ Med Sci, Univ Opole, Finnish Inst Hlth & Welf, Univ Ljubljana, Univ Crete, Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Sree Chitra Tirunal Inst Med Sci & Technol, Harokopio Univ, Maharajgunj Med Campus, Aarhus Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Univ Munster, Israel Ctr Dis Control, Res Inst Primordial Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Amsterdam UMC Publ Hlth Res Inst, Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Res Inst Child Nutr, Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Univ Cambridge, Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Hypertens Res Ctr, Med Univ Innsbruck, VASCage, Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Natl Canc Ctr, Univ Coll South Denmark, Oulu Deaconess Inst Fdn, Tartu Univ Clin, Kansai Med Univ, Minist Hlth & Wellness, Univ Groningen, North West Univ, Amrita Inst Med Sci, All India Inst Med Sci, African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Minist Salud Publ, Sahlgrens Acad, Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Univ Publ Hlth, Natl Univ Singapore, Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere Univ, Univ Douala, Univ Cape Town, West Virginia Univ, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Rene Rachou Res Inst, Shanghai Inst Nutr & Hlth, Taipei Med Univ, Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Univ San Martin de Porres, Consejeria Sanidad Junta Castilla & Leon, Univ Fed Ciencias Saude Porto Alegre, Norrbotten Cty Council, Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Univ Hosp Ctr, Inst Neurosci Natl Res Council, Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Agr Univ Athens, Hosp Israelita Albert Einstein, SB RAS Fed Res Ctr Inst Cytol & Genet, Univ Otago, Univ Padua, Gothenburg Univ, Univ Rijeka, Lausanne Univ Hosp, Univ Lausanne, Escola Nacl Saude Publ Sergio Arouca, Emory Univ, Univ Estadual Centro Oeste, UiT Arctic Univ Norway, ICMR Natl Ctr Dis Informat & Res, Cape Peninsula Univ Technol, Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Brown Univ, Univ Edinburgh, Univ Coll Dublin, Inst Nutr Ctr Amer & Panama, Univ Lisbon, Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Univ Firenze, Ain Shams Univ, Psychiat & Psychol Res Canter, Isfahan Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Strasbourg Univ Hosp, Univ Pecs, Mulago Hosp, Univ Limpopo, Univ Med Sci Cienfuegos, Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, La Trobe Univ, Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Dept Publ Hlth, Univ Brescia, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Croatian Inst Publ Hlth, Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bushehr Univ Med Sci, Ulm Univ, Dept Stat, Kobe Univ, Suraj Eye Inst, Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Univ Med & Pharm Ho Chi Minh City, Natl Hosp Endocrinol, Hanoi Med Univ, LifeDoc Hlth, Univ Turku, Heartfile, Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Univ Manchester, Tachikawa Gen Hosp, Univ Abuja, Korea Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Japan Wildlife Res Ctr, Istanbul Univ, Univ Fed Parana, Univ Madeira, Univ Novi Sad, Osteoporosis Res Ctr, UniSante, Inst Canc Res Prevent & Clin Network, Inst Clin & Sci Ophthalmol & Acupuncture Jonas, IRCCS Ente Osped Specializzato Gastroenterol S de, Zayed Univ, Catholic Univ Daegu, Jivandeep Hosp, Ctr Invest Saude Angola, Griffith Univ, Natl Dent Care Ctr Singapore, Vietnam Natl Heart Inst, Clin Med Avanzada Dr Abel Gonzalez, Univ Sarajevo, Cardiovasc Prevent Ctr Udine, Publ Hlth Agcy Catalonia, Univ Split, Ardabil Univ Med Sci, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Alborz Univ Med Sci, Pure Earth, Univ Putra Malaysia, Univ Malaya, Sotiria Hosp, Univ Valencia, Univ Philippines, Slovak Acad Sci, Univ San Martin Porres, Minas Gerais State Secretariat Hlth, CS S Agustin Ibsalut, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, Univ Nove de Julho, Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Canarian Hlth Serv, Univ Ind Santander, Assoc Calabrese Epatol, Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Sitaram Bhartia Inst Sci & Res, Koc Univ, Natl Inst Hlth, Catalan Dept Hlth, South Karelia Social & Hlth Care Dist, German Ctr Cardiovasc Res, McMaster Univ, Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Acad Med Ctr Univ Amsterdam, George Inst Global Hlth, Ctr Oral Hlth Serv & Res Mid Norway, Lagos State Univ, Nippon Med Sch, Sungkyunkwan Univ, Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Publ Hlth Promot & Dev Org, St Vincents Hosp, Diponegoro Univ, Univ Bari, Inst Reg Sante Publ, Univ Bordeaux, Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Univ Leuven, Univ Bonn, Natl Inst Hyg, Jikei Univ, Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Natl Stat Off, Univ Lincoln, Cent Univ Kerala, Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Hlth Serv Murcia, Inst Invest Sanitaria Illes Balears, CIBER Epidemiol Salud Publ, Hellen Hlth Fdn, Govt Med Coll, Sefako Makgatho Hlth Sci Univ, Addis Ababa Univ, Israel Def Forces Med Corps, Univ Ctr Occidental Lisandro Alvarado, Univ Tampere, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Hanoi Univ Publ Hlth, Inst Trop Med, Univ Miguel Hernandez, Univ Lorraine, North Karelia Ctr Publ Hlth, Univ Witwatersrand, Inst Med Res, Capital Med Univ, Xinjiang Med Univ, Shanghai Educ Dev Co Ltd, Orebro Univ, St Georges Univ London, Med Univ Vienna, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hosp, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Fudan Univ, Shanghai Educ Dev, Univ Cyprus, Niigata Univ, Iran Univ Med Sci, Ctr Estudios Nutr Infantil, Jiangsu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sun Yat Sen Univ, West Kazakhstan Med Univ, Inner Mongolia Med Univ, Éco-Anthropologie (EAE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitas Indonesia (UI ), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Clinicum, Research Programs Unit, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District, Department of Public Health, Tampere University, Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Eye Centre, Wellcome Trust, Epidemiology, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Éco-Anthropologie (EA), Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, VU University medical center, APH - Personalized Medicine, Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Bin Zhou, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, Goodarz Danaei, Leanne M Riley, Christopher J Paciorek, Gretchen A Stevens, Edward W Gregg, James E Bennett, Bethlehem Solomon, Rosie K Singleton, Marisa K Sophiea, Maria Lc Iurilli, Victor Pf Lhoste, Melanie J Cowan, Stefan Savin, Mark Woodward, Yulia Balanova, Renata Cifkova, Albertino Damasceno, Paul Elliott, Farshad Farzadfar, Jiang He, Nayu Ikeda, Andre P Kengne, Young-Ho Khang, Hyeon Chang Kim, Avula Laxmaiah, Hsien-Ho Lin, Paula Margozzini Maira, J Jaime Miranda, Hannelore Neuhauser, Johan Sundström, Cherian Varghese, Indah S Widyahening, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Ziad A Abdeen, Hanan F Abdul Rahim, Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh, Benjamin Acosta-Cazares, Robert J Adams, Wichai Aekplakorn, Kaosar Afsana, Shoaib Afzal, Imelda A Agdeppa, Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Charles Agyemang, Noor Ani Ahmad, Ali Ahmadi, Naser Ahmadi, Nastaran Ahmadi, Fariba Ahmadizar, Soheir H Ahmed, Wolfgang Ahrens, Kamel Ajlouni, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Monira Alarouj, Fadia AlBuhairan, Shahla AlDhukair, Mohamed M Ali, Abdullah Alkandari, Ala'a Alkerwi, Kristine Allin, Eman Aly, Deepak N Amarapurkar, Norbert Amougou, Philippe Amouyel, Lars Bo Andersen, Sigmund A Anderssen, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Daniel Ansong, Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri, Joana Araújo, Inger Ariansen, Tahir Aris, Raphael E Arku, Nimmathota Arlappa, Krishna K Aryal, Thor Aspelund, Felix K Assah, Maria Cecília F Assunção, Juha Auvinen, Mária Avdićová, Ana Azevedo, Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad, Fereidoun Azizi, Mehrdad Azmin, Bontha V Babu, Suhad Bahijri, Nagalla Balakrishna, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Maciej Banach, Maja Banadinović, Piotr Bandosz, José R Banegas, Joanna Baran, Barbagallo Carlo Maria, Alberto Barceló, Amina Barkat, Marta Barreto, Aluisio Jd Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros, Anna Bartosiewicz, Abdul Basit, Joao Luiz D Bastos, Iqbal Bata, Anwar M Batieha, Assembekov Batyrbek, Louise A Baur, Robert Beaglehole, Antonisamy Belavendra, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Mikhail Benet, Lowell S Benson, Salim Berkinbayev, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Gailute Bernotiene, Heloísa Bettiol, Jorge Bezerra, Aroor Bhagyalaxmi, Santosh K Bhargava, Daniel Bia, Katia Biasch, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Mukharram M Bikbov, Bihungum Bista, Peter Bjerregaard, Espen Bjertness, Marius B Bjertness, Cecilia Björkelund, Katia V Bloch, Anneke Blokstra, Simona Bo, Martin Bobak, Heiner Boeing, Jose G Boggia, Carlos P Boissonnet, Stig E Bojesen, Vanina Bongard, Alice Bonilla-Vargas, Matthias Bopp, Herman Borghs, Pascal Bovet, Christopher B Boyer, Lutgart Braeckman, Imperia Brajkovich, Francesco Branca, Juergen Breckenkamp, Hermann Brenner, Lizzy M Brewster, Yajaira Briceño, Miguel Brito, Graziella Bruno, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Gloria Bueno, Anna Bugge, Con Burns, Michael Bursztyn, Antonio Cabrera de León, Joseph Cacciottolo, Christine Cameron, Günay Can, Ana Paula C Cândido, Mario V Capanzana, Naděžda Čapková, Eduardo Capuano, Vincenzo Capuano, Viviane C Cardoso, Axel C Carlsson, Joana Carvalho, Felipe F Casanueva, Laura Censi, Marvin Cervantes-Loaiza, Charalambos A Chadjigeorgiou, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Angelique W Chan, Queenie Chan, Himanshu K Chaturvedi, Nish Chaturvedi, Miao Li Chee, Chien-Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Chen, Ching-Yu Cheng, Bahman Cheraghian, Imane Cherkaoui Dekkaki, Angela Chetrit, Kuo-Liong Chien, Arnaud Chiolero, Shu-Ti Chiou, Adela Chirita-Emandi, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Belong Cho, Kaare Christensen, Diego G Christofaro, Jerzy Chudek, Eliza Cinteza, Frank Claessens, Janine Clarke, Els Clays, Emmanuel Cohen, Hans Concin, Cyrus Cooper, Tara C Coppinger, Simona Costanzo, Dominique Cottel, Chris Cowell, Cora L Craig, Amelia C Crampin, Ana B Crujeiras, Juan J Cruz, Semánová Csilla, Liufu Cui, Felipe V Cureau, Sarah Cuschieri, Graziella D'Arrigo, Eleonora d'Orsi, Jean Dallongeville, Rachel Dankner, Thomas M Dantoft, Luc Dauchet, Kairat Davletov, Guy De Backer, Dirk De Bacquer, Amalia De Curtis, Giovanni de Gaetano, Stefaan De Henauw, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, David De Ridder, Delphine De Smedt, Mohan Deepa, Alexander D Deev, Vincent Jr DeGennaro, Hélène Delisle, Stefaan Demarest, Elaine Dennison, Valérie Deschamps, Meghnath Dhimal, Augusto F Di Castelnuovo, Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa, Alejandro Diaz, Ty T Dickerson, Zivka Dika, Shirin Djalalinia, Ha Tp Do, Annette J Dobson, Chiara Donfrancesco, Silvana P Donoso, Angela Döring, Maria Dorobantu, Marcus Dörr, Kouamelan Doua, Nico Dragano, Wojciech Drygas, Charmaine A Duante, Priscilla Duboz, Rosemary B Duda, Virginija Dulskiene, Anar Dushpanova, Aleksandar Džakula, Vilnis Dzerve, Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Ricky Eddie, Ebrahim Eftekhar, Robert Eggertsen, Sareh Eghtesad, Gabriele Eiben, Ulf Ekelund, Mohammad El-Khateeb, Jalila El Ati, Denise Eldemire-Shearer, Marie Eliasen, Roberto Elosua, Rajiv T Erasmus, Raimund Erbel, Cihangir Erem, Louise Eriksen, Johan G Eriksson, Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña, Saeid Eslami, Ali Esmaeili, Alun Evans, David Faeh, Albina A Fakhretdinova, Caroline H Fall, Elnaz Faramarzi, Mojtaba Farjam, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Asher Fawwad, Francisco J Felix-Redondo, Stephan B Felix, Trevor S Ferguson, Romulo A Fernandes, Daniel Fernández-Bergés, Daniel Ferrante, Thomas Ferrao, Marika Ferrari, Marco M Ferrario, Catterina Ferreccio, Haroldo S Ferreira, Eldridge Ferrer, Jean Ferrieres, Thamara Hubler Figueiró, Günther Fink, Krista Fischer, Leng Huat Foo, Maria Forsner, Heba M Fouad, Damian K Francis, Maria do Carmo Franco, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Guillermo Frontera, Flavio D Fuchs, Sandra C Fuchs, Yuki Fujita, Matsuda Fumihiko, Viktoriya Furdela, Ariel Furer, Takuro Furusawa, Zbigniew Gaciong, Andrzej Galbarczyk, Henrike Galenkamp, Fabio Galvano, Jingli Gao, Pei Gao, Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera, Pablo Garcia, Dickman Gareta, Sarah P Garnett, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Magda Gasull, Andrea Gazzinelli, Ulrike Gehring, Johanna M Geleijnse, Ronnie George, Ali Ghanbari, Erfan Ghasemi, Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea, Anup Ghimire, Alessandro Gialluisi, Simona Giampaoli, Christian Gieger, Tiffany K Gill, Jonathan Giovannelli, Glen Gironella, Aleksander Giwercman, Konstantinos Gkiouras, Marcel Goldberg, Rebecca A Goldsmith, Luis F Gomez, Aleksandra Gomula, Helen Gonçalves, Mauer Gonçalves, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, David A Gonzalez-Chica, Marcela Gonzalez-Gross, Juan P González-Rivas, Clicerio González-Villalpando, María-Elena González-Villalpando, Angel R Gonzalez, Mariano Bonet Gorbea, Frederic Gottrand, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Dušan Grafnetter, Aneta Grajda, Maria G Grammatikopoulou, Ronald D Gregor, Tomasz Grodzicki, Giuseppe Grosso, Gabriella Gruden, Dongfeng Gu, Ong Peng Guan, Elias F Gudmundsson, Vilmundur Gudnason, Ramiro Guerrero, Idris Guessous, Andre L Guimaraes, Martin C Gulliford, Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir, Marc J Gunter, Prakash C Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Oye Gureje, Beata Gurzkowska, Laura Gutierrez, Felix Gutzwiller, Seongjun Ha, Farzad Hadaegh, Rosa Haghshenas, Hamid Hakimi, Jytte Halkjær, Ian R Hambleton, Behrooz Hamzeh, Dominique Hange, Abu Am Hanif, Sari Hantunen, Jie Hao, Carla Menêses Hardman, Rachakulla Hari Kumar, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri, Jun Hata, Teresa Haugsgjerd, Alison J Hayes, Yuna He, Margit Heier, Marleen Elisabeth Hendriks, Rafael Dos Santos Henrique, Ana Henriques, Leticia Hernandez Cadena, Herqutanto, Sauli Herrala, Ramin Heshmat, Allan G Hill, Sai Yin Ho, Suzanne C Ho, Michael Hobbs, Michelle Holdsworth, Reza Homayounfar, Gonul Horasan Dinc, Andrea Rvr Horimoto, Claudia M Hormiga, Bernardo L Horta, Leila Houti, Christina Howitt, Thein Thein Htay, Aung Soe Htet, Maung Maung Than Htike, Yonghua Hu, José María Huerta, Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi, Laetitia Huiart, Martijn Huisman, Abdullatif S Husseini, Inge Huybrechts, Nahla Hwalla, Licia Iacoviello, Anna G Iannone, Mohsen M Ibrahim, Norazizah Ibrahim Wong, M Arfan Ikram, Violeta Iotova, Vilma E Irazola, Takafumi Ishida, Godsent C Isiguzo, Muhammad Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Masanori Iwasaki, Rod T Jackson, Jeremy M Jacobs, Hashem Y Jaddou, Tazeen Jafar, Kenneth James, Konrad Jamrozik, Imre Janszky, Edward Janus, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Grazyna Jasienska, Ana Jelaković, Bojan Jelaković, Garry Jennings, Anjani Kumar Jha, Chao Qiang Jiang, Ramon O Jimenez, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Michel Joffres, Mattias Johansson, Jari J Jokelainen, Jost B Jonas, Torben Jørgensen, Pradeep Joshi, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek Jóżwiak, Anne Juolevi, Gregor Jurak, Vesna Jureša, Rudolf Kaaks, Anthony Kafatos, Eero O Kajantie, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Natasa Kalpourtzi, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Freja B Kampmann, Srinivasan Kannan, Eva Karaglani, Line L Kårhus, Khem B Karki, Marzieh Katibeh, Joanne Katz, Jussi Kauhanen, Prabhdeep Kaur, Maryam Kavousi, Gyulli M Kazakbaeva, Ulrich Keil, Lital Keinan Boker, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Roya Kelishadi, Han Cg Kemper, Maryam Keramati, Alina Kerimkulova, Mathilde Kersting, Timothy Key, Yousef Saleh Khader, Davood Khalili, Kay-Tee Khaw, Bahareh Kheiri, Motahareh Kheradmand, Alireza Khosravi, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Stefan Kiechl, Japhet Killewo, Dong Wook Kim, Jeongseon Kim, Heidi Klakk, Magdalena Klimek, Jurate Klumbiene, Michael Knoflach, Elin Kolle, Patrick Kolsteren, Jukka P Kontto, Raija Korpelainen, Paul Korrovits, Jelena Kos, Seppo Koskinen, Katsuyasu Kouda, Sudhir Kowlessur, Slawomir Koziel, Jana Kratenova, Vilma Kriaucioniene, Peter Lund Kristensen, Steiner Krokstad, Daan Kromhout, Herculina S Kruger, Ruzena Kubinova, Renata Kuciene, Urho M Kujala, Zbigniew Kulaga, R Krishna Kumar, Pawel Kurjata, Yadlapalli S Kusuma, Vladimir Kutsenko, Kari Kuulasmaa, Catherine Kyobutungi, Tiina Laatikainen, Carl Lachat, Youcef Laid, Tai Hing Lam, Orlando Landrove, Vera Lanska, Georg Lappas, Bagher Larijani, Tint Swe Latt, Gwenaëlle Le Coroller, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Tuyen D Le, Jeannette Lee, Jeonghee Lee, Nils Lehmann, Terho Lehtimäki, Daniel Lemogoum, Naomi S Levitt, Yanping Li, Christa L Lilly, Wei-Yen Lim, M Fernanda Lima-Costa, Xu Lin, Yi-Ting Lin, Lars Lind, Vijaya Lingam, Allan Linneberg, Lauren Lissner, Mieczyslaw Litwin, Wei-Cheng Lo, Helle-Mai Loit, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Tania Lopez, Paulo A Lotufo, José Eugenio Lozano, Iva Lukačević Lovrenčić, Janice L Lukrafka, Dalia Luksiene, Annamari Lundqvist, Robert Lundqvist, Nuno Lunet, Michala Lustigová, Edyta Luszczki, Guansheng Ma, Jun Ma, George Ll Machado-Coelho, Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues, Enguerran Macia, Luisa M Macieira, Ahmed A Madar, Stefania Maggi, Dianna J Magliano, Emmanuella Magriplis, Gowri Mahasampath, Bernard Maire, Marjeta Majer, Marcia Makdisse, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Reza Malekzadeh, Rahul Malhotra, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao, Sofia K Malyutina, Lynell V Maniego, Yannis Manios, Jim I Mann, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Enzo Manzato, Anie Marcil, Staffan B Mårild, Mihalea Marinović Glavić, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Larissa Pruner Marques, Jaume Marrugat, Reynaldo Martorell, Luis P Mascarenhas, Marija Matasin, Ellisiv B Mathiesen, Prashant Mathur, Alicia Matijasevich, Piotr Matlosz, Tandi E Matsha, Christina Mavrogianni, Jean Claude N Mbanya, Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso, Shelly R McFarlane, Stephen T McGarvey, Stela McLachlan, Rachael M McLean, Scott B McLean, Breige A McNulty, Sounnia Mediene Benchekor, Jurate Medzioniene, Parinaz Mehdipour, Kirsten Mehlig, Amir Houshang Mehrparvar, Aline Meirhaeghe, Christa Meisinger, Carlos Mendoza Montano, Ana Maria B Menezes, Geetha R Menon, Alibek Mereke, Indrapal I Meshram, Andres Metspalu, Haakon E Meyer, Jie Mi, Nathalie Michels, Kairit Mikkel, Karolina Milkowska, Jody C Miller, Cláudia S Minderico, G K Mini, Mohammad Reza Mirjalili, Erkin Mirrakhimov, Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković, Pietro A Modesti, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Bahram Mohajer, Mostafa K Mohamed, Shukri F Mohamed, Kazem Mohammad, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Zahra Mohammadi, Noushin Mohammadifard, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Viswanathan Mohan, Salim Mohanna, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Iraj Mohebbi, Farnam Mohebi, Marie Moitry, Line T Møllehave, Dénes Molnár, Amirabbas Momenan, Charles K Mondo, Eric Monterrubio-Flores, Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki, Jin Soo Moon, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Leila B Moreira, Alain Morejon, Luis A Moreno, Karen Morgan, George Moschonis, Malgorzata Mossakowska, Aya Mostafa, Seyed-Ali Mostafavi, Jorge Mota, Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh, Jorge Motta, Marcos André Moura-Dos-Santos, Malay K Mridha, Kelias P Msyamboza, Thet Thet Mu, Alfa J Muhihi, Maria L Muiesan, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Neil Murphy, Jaakko Mursu, Kamarul Imran Musa, Sanja Musić Milanović, Vera Musil, Norlaila Mustafa, Iraj Nabipour, Shohreh Naderimagham, Gabriele Nagel, Balkish M Naidu, Farid Najafi, Harunobu Nakamura, Jana Námešná, Ei Ei K Nang, Vinay B Nangia, Sameer Narake, Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye, William A Neal, Azim Nejatizadeh, Ilona Nenko, Martin Neovius, Chung T Nguyen, Nguyen D Nguyen, Quang V Nguyen, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez, Teemu J Niiranen, Yury P Nikitin, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Sania Nishtar, Marina A Njelekela, Marianna Noale, Oscar A Noboa, Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Teresa Norat, Maria Nordendahl, Børge G Nordestgaard, Noto Davide, Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska, Mohannad Al Nsour, Baltazar Nunes, Terence W O'Neill, Dermot O'Reilly, Caleb Ochimana, Eiji Oda, Augustine N Odili, Kyungwon Oh, Kumiko Ohara, Ryutaro Ohtsuka, Valérie Olié, Maria Teresa A Olinto, Isabel O Oliveira, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Altan Onat, Sok King Ong, Lariane M Ono, Pedro Ordunez, Rui Ornelas, Pedro J Ortiz, Clive Osmond, Sergej M Ostojic, Afshin Ostovar, Johanna A Otero, Kim Overvad, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Fred Michel Paccaud, Cristina Padez, Elena Pahomova, Karina Mary de Paiva, Andrzej Pająk, Domenico Palli, Luigi Palmieri, Wen-Harn Pan, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Francesco Panza, Mariela Paoli, Dimitrios Papandreou, Soon-Woo Park, Suyeon Park, Winsome R Parnell, Mahboubeh Parsaeian, Patrick Pasquet, Nikhil D Patel, Halyna Pavlyshyn, Ivan Pećin, Mangesh S Pednekar, João M Pedro, Nasheeta Peer, Sergio Viana Peixoto, Markku Peltonen, Alexandre C Pereira, Karen Gda Peres, Marco A Peres, Annette Peters, Janina Petkeviciene, Niloofar Peykari, Son Thai Pham, Rafael N Pichardo, Iris Pigeot, Hynek Pikhart, Aida Pilav, Lorenza Pilotto, Freda Pitakaka, Aleksandra Piwonska, Andreia N Pizarro, Pedro Plans-Rubió, Ozren Polašek, Miquel Porta, Anil Poudyal, Farhad Pourfarzi, Akram Pourshams, Hossein Poustchi, Rajendra Pradeepa, Alison J Price, Jacqueline F Price, Rui Providencia, Soile E Puhakka, Maria Puiu, Margus Punab, Radwan F Qasrawi, Mostafa Qorbani, Daniel Queiroz, Tran Quoc Bao, Ivana Radić, Ricardas Radisauskas, Salar Rahimikazerooni, Mahfuzar Rahman, Olli Raitakari, Manu Raj, Ellina M Rakhimova, Sudha Ramachandra Rao, Ambady Ramachandran, Elisabete Ramos, Lekhraj Rampal, Sanjay Rampal, Daniel A Rangel Reina, Vayia Rarra, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Josep Redon, Paul Ferdinand M Reganit, Valéria Regecová, Luis Revilla, Abbas Rezaianzadeh, Robespierre Ribeiro, Elio Riboli, Adrian Richter, Fernando Rigo, Tobias F Rinke de Wit, Raphael M Ritti-Dias, Cynthia Robitaille, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, María Del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar, Ulla Roggenbuck, Rosalba Rojas-Martinez, Dora Romaguera, Elisabetta L Romeo, Annika Rosengren, Joel Gr Roy, Adolfo Rubinstein, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Maria Ruiz-Castell, Iuliia A Rusakova, Paola Russo, Marcin Rutkowski, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Hamideh Sabbaghi, Harshpal S Sachdev, Alireza Sadjadi, Ali Reza Safarpour, Sare Safi, Saeid Safiri, Olfa Saidi, Sibel Sakarya, Nader Saki, Benoit Salanave, Eduardo Salazar Martinez, Diego Salmerón, Veikko Salomaa, Jukka T Salonen, Massimo Salvetti, Jose Sánchez-Abanto, Susana Sans, Diana A Santos, Ina S Santos, Lèlita C Santos, Maria Paula Santos, Rute Santos, Jouko L Saramies, Luis B Sardinha, Giselle Sarganas, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Kai-Uwe Saum, Savvas Savva, Norie Sawada, Mariana Sbaraini, Marcia Scazufca, Beatriz D Schaan, Herman Schargrodsky, Sabine Schipf, Carsten O Schmidt, Peter Schnohr, Ben Schöttker, Sara Schramm, Constance Schultsz, Aletta E Schutte, Sylvain Sebert, Aye Aye Sein, Abhijit Sen, Idowu O Senbanjo, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Jennifer Servais, Svetlana A Shalnova, Teresa Shamah-Levy, Morteza Shamshirgaran, Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani, Maryam Sharafkhah, Sanjib K Sharma, Jonathan E Shaw, Amaneh Shayanrad, Ali Akbar Shayesteh, Zumin Shi, Kenji Shibuya, Hana Shimizu-Furusawa, Dong Wook Shin, Majid Shirani, Rahman Shiri, Namuna Shrestha, Khairil Si-Ramlee, Alfonso Siani, Rosalynn Siantar, Abla M Sibai, Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Mary Simon, Judith Simons, Leon A Simons, Michael Sjöström, Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Liam Smeeth, Hung-Kwan So, Fernanda Cunha Soares, Eugène Sobngwi, Stefan Söderberg, Agustinus Soemantri, Reecha Sofat, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Emily Sonestedt, Yi Song, Thorkild Ia Sørensen, Elin P Sørgjerd, Maroje Sorić, Charles Sossa Jérome, Aïcha Soumaré, Bente Sparboe-Nilsen, Karen Sparrenberger, Jan A Staessen, Gregor Starc, Bill Stavreski, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Peter Stehle, Aryeh D Stein, George S Stergiou, Jochanan Stessman, Jutta Stieber, Doris Stöckl, Tanja Stocks, Jakub Stokwiszewski, Karien Stronks, Maria Wany Strufaldi, Machi Suka, Chien-An Sun, Yn-Tz Sung, Paibul Suriyawongpaisal, Rody G Sy, Holly E Syddall, René Charles Sylva, Moyses Szklo, E Shyong Tai, Mari-Liis Tammesoo, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Eng Joo Tan, Xun Tang, Frank Tanser, Yong Tao, Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh, Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani, Anne Taylor, Julie Taylor, William R Tebar, Grethe S Tell, Tania Tello, Yih Chung Tham, K R Thankappan, Holger Theobald, Xenophon Theodoridis, Lutgarde Thijs, Mikael Thinggaard, Nihal Thomas, Barbara Thorand, Betina H Thuesen, Erik J Timmermans, Dwi H Tjandrarini, Anne Tjonneland, Ulla Toft, Hanna K Tolonen, Janne S Tolstrup, Murat Topbas, Roman Topór-Madry, María José Tormo, Michael J Tornaritis, Maties Torrent, Laura Torres-Collado, Giota Touloumi, Pierre Traissac, Areti Triantafyllou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Antonia Trichopoulou, Oanh Th Trinh, Atul Trivedi, Lechaba Tshepo, Shoichiro Tsugane, Azaliia M Tuliakova, Marshall K Tulloch-Reid, Fikru Tullu, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Maria L Turley, Gilad Twig, Per Tynelius, Christophe Tzourio, Peter Ueda, Eunice Ugel, Hanno Ulmer, Hannu Mt Uusitalo, Gonzalo Valdivia, Damaskini Valvi, Rob M van Dam, Bert-Jan van den Born, Johan Van der Heyden, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Koen Van Herck, Hoang Van Minh, Natasja M Van Schoor, Irene Gm van Valkengoed, Elisabeth M van Zutphen, Dirk Vanderschueren, Diego Vanuzzo, Anette Varbo, Senthil K Vasan, Tomas Vega, Toomas Veidebaum, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Giovanni Veronesi, Wm Monique Verschuren, Roosmarijn Verstraeten, Cesar G Victora, Lucie Viet, Salvador Villalpando, Paolo Vineis, Jesus Vioque, Jyrki K Virtanen, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Bharathi Viswanathan, Tiina Vlasoff, Peter Vollenweider, Ari Voutilainen, Alisha N Wade, Janette Walton, Elvis Oa Wambiya, Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud, Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Ming-Dong Wang, Ningli Wang, Qian Wang, Xiangjun Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Ying-Wei Wang, S Goya Wannamethee, Nicholas Wareham, Wenbin Wei, Aneta Weres, Bo Werner, Peter H Whincup, Kurt Widhalm, Andrzej Wiecek, Rainford J Wilks, Johann Willeit, Peter Willeit, Emmanuel A Williams, Tom Wilsgaard, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Roy A Wong-McClure, Andrew Wong, Tien Yin Wong, Jean Woo, Frederick C Wu, Shouling Wu, Justyna Wyszynska, Haiquan Xu, Liang Xu, Nor Azwany Yaacob, Weili Yan, Ling Yang, Xiaoguang Yang, Yang Yang, Tabara Yasuharu, Xingwang Ye, Panayiotis K Yiallouros, Moein Yoosefi, Akihiro Yoshihara, San-Lin You, Novie O Younger-Coleman, Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff, Ahmad A Zainuddin, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi, Farhad Zamani, Sabina Zambon, Antonis Zampelas, Maria Elisa Zapata, Ko Ko Zaw, Kristyna Zejglicova, Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic, Yi Zeng, Luxia Zhang, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Dong Zhao, Ming-Hui Zhao, Shiqi Zhen, Yingfeng Zheng, Bekbolat Zholdin, Dan Zhu, Marie Zins, Emanuel Zitt, Yanina Zocalo, Nada Zoghlami, Julio Zuñiga Cisneros, Majid Ezzati, Sakarya, Sibel (ORCID 0000-0002-9959-6240 & YÖK ID 172028), Zhou, Bin, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M., Danaei, Goodarz, Riley, Leanne M., Paciorek, Christopher J., Stevens, Gretchen A., Gregg, Edward W., Bennett, James E., Solomon, Bethlehem, Singleton, Rosie K., Sophiea, Marisa K., Iurilli, Maria L. C., Lhoste, Victor P. F., Cowan, Melanie J., Savin, Stefan, Woodward, Mark, Balanova, Yulia, Cifkova, Renata, Damasceno, Albertino, Elliott, Paul, Farzadfar, Farshad, He, Jiang, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P., Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Margozzini Maira, Paula, Miranda, J. Jaime, Neuhauser, Hannelore, Sundstrom, Johan, Varghese, Cherian, Widyahening, Indah S., Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Ezzati, Majid, Abarca-Gomez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A., Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J., Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agdeppa, Imelda A., Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmadizar, Fariba, Ahmed, Soheir H., Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M., Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allin, Kristine, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N., Amougou, Norbert, Amouyel, Philippe, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Ansong, Daniel, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araujo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E., Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K., Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K., Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F., Auvinen, Juha, Avdicova, Maria, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V., Bahijri, Suhad, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Banadinovic, Maja, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Baran, Joanna, Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barreto, Marta, Barros, Aluisio J. D., Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio, Bartosiewicz, Anna, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz D., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batyrbek, Assembekov, Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benet, Mikhail, Benson, Lowell S., Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bia, Daniel, Biasch, Katia, Lele, Elysee Claude Bika, Bikbov, Mukharram M., Bista, Bihungum, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V., Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boeing, Heiner, Boggia, Jose G., Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bojesen, Stig E., Bongard, Vanina, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Bopp, Matthias, Bovet, Pascal, Boyer, Christopher B., Braeckman, Lutgart, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Briceno, Yajaira, Brito, Miguel, Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Bueno, Gloria, Bugge, Anna, Burns, Con, Bursztyn, Michael, Cabrera de Leon, Antonio, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cameron, Christine, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Capanzana, Mario V., Capkova, Nadezda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carlsson, Axel C., Carvalho, Joana, Casanueva, Felipe F., Censi, Laura, Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin, Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A., Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nish, Chee, Miao Li, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheraghian, Bahman, Dekkaki, Imane Cherkaoui, Chetrit, Angela, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Christensen, Kaare, Christofaro, Diego G., Chudek, Jerzy, Cinteza, Eliza, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cohen, Emmanuel, Concin, Hans, Cooper, Cyrus, Coppinger, Tara C., Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crampin, Amelia C., Crujeiras, Ana B., Cruz, Juan J., Csilla, Semanova, Cui, Liufu, Cureau, Felipe V., Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Dantoft, Thomas M., Dauchet, Luc, Davletov, Kairat, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Curtis, Amalia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, De Ridder, David, De Smedt, Delphine, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Delisle, Helene, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valerie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F., Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Dickerson, Ty T., Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Donfrancesco, Chiara, Donoso, Silvana P., Doering, Angela, Dorobantu, Maria, Doerr, Marcus, Doua, Kouamelan, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Duante, Charmaine A., Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B., Dulskiene, Virginija, Dushpanova, Anar, Dzakula, Aleksandar, Dzerve, Vilnis, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Eliasen, Marie, Elosua, Roberto, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erbel, Raimund, Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G., Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fakhretdinova, Albina A., Fall, Caroline H., Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Felix, Stephan B., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandes, Romulo A., Fernandez-Berges, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M., Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S., Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiro, Thamara Hubler, Fink, Gunther, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., Franco, Maria do Carmo, Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujita, Yuki, Fumihiko, Matsuda, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furer, Ariel, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galenkamp, Henrike, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Gao, Pei, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Geleijnse, Johanna M., George, Ronnie, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gieger, Christian, Gill, Tiffany K., Giovannelli, Jonathan, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Goldberg, Marcel, Goldsmith, Rebecca A., Gomez, Luis F., Gomula, Aleksandra, Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves, Goncalves, Helen, Goncalves, Mauer, Gonzalez-Chica, David A., Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P., Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena, Gonzalez, Angel R., Bonet Gorbea, Mariano, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dusan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., Gregor, Ronald D., Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Gabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guan, Ong Peng, Gudmundsson, Elias F., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guessous, Idris, Guimaraes, Andre L., Gulliford, Martin C., Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gunter, Marc J., Gupta, Prakash C., Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gutzwiller, Felix, Ha, Seongjun, Hadaegh, Farzad, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjaer, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R., Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu A. M., Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Meneses, Kumar, Rachakulla Hari, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J., He, Yuna, Heier, Margit, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Cadena, Leticia Hernandez, Herrala, Sauli, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G., Ho, Sai Yin, Ho, Suzanne C., Hobbs, Michael, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Dinc, Gonul Horasan, Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R., Hormiga, Claudia M., Horta, Bernardo L., Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Hu, Yonghua, Huerta, Jose Maria, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif S., Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G., Ibrahim, Mohsen M., Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim, Ikram, M. Arfan, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E., Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C., Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jackson, Rod T., Jacobs, Jeremy M., Jaddou, Hashem Y., Jafar, Tazeen, James, Kenneth, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Janus, Edward, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelakovic, Ana, Jelakovic, Bojan, Jennings, Garry, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jiang, Chao Qiang, Jimenez, Ramon O., Joeckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Johansson, Mattias, Jokelainen, Jari J., Jonas, Jost B., Jorgensen, Torben, Joshi, Pradeep, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek, Juolevi, Anne, Jurak, Gregor, Juresa, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O., Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalpourtzi, Natasa, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kampmann, Freja B., Kannan, Srinivasan, Karaglani, Eva, Karhus, Line L., Karki, Khem B., Katibeh, Marzieh, Katz, Joanne, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kaur, Prabhdeep, Kavousi, Maryam, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M., Keil, Ulrich, Boker, Lital Keinan, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kemper, Han C. G., Keramati, Maryam, Kerimkulova, Alina, Kersting, Mathilde, Key, Timothy, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalili, Davood, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Killewo, Japhet, Kim, Dong Wook, Kim, Jeongseon, Klakk, Heidi, Klimek, Magdalena, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, Kontto, Jukka P., Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kriaucioniene, Vilma, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krokstad, Steiner, Kromhout, Daan, Kruger, Herculina S., Kubinova, Ruzena, Kuciene, Renata, Kujala, Urho M., Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kumar, R. Krishna, Kurjata, Pawel, Kusuma, Yadlapalli S., Kutsenko, Vladimir, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lachat, Carl, Laid, Youcef, Lam, Tai Hing, Landrove, Orlando, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Latt, Tint Swe, Le Coroller, Gwenaelle, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Le, Tuyen D., Lee, Jeannette, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehmann, Nils, Lehtimaki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Levitt, Naomi S., Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L., Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda, Lin, Xu, Lin, Yi-Ting, Lind, Lars, Lingam, Vijaya, Linneberg, Allan, Lissner, Lauren, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Lo, Wei-Cheng, Loit, Helle-Mai, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lopez, Tania, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Jose Eugenio, Lovrencic, Iva Lukacevic, Lukrafka, Janice L., Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lunet, Nuno, Lustigova, Michala, Luszczki, Edyta, Ma, Guansheng, Ma, Jun, Machado-Coelho, George L. L., Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M., Macia, Enguerran, Macieira, Luisa M., Madar, Ahmed A., Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J., Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Majer, Marjeta, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rahul, Mallikharjuna, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia K., Maniego, Lynell V., Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I., Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Marcil, Anie, Margozzini, Paula, Marild, Staffan B., Glavic, Mihalea Marinovic, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Mascarenhas, Luis P., Matasin, Marija, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B., Mathur, Prashant, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matlosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E., Mavrogianni, Christina, Mbanya, Jean Claude N., Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J., McFarlane, Shelly R., McGarvey, Stephen T., McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M., McLean, Scott B., McNulty, Breige A., Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene, Medzioniene, Jurate, Mehdipour, Parinaz, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B., Menon, Geetha R., Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I., Metspalu, Andres, Meyer, Haakon E., Mi, Jie, Michels, Nathalie, Mikkel, Kairit, Milkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C., Minderico, Claudia S., Mini, G. K., Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta, Modesti, Pietro A., Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed, Mostafa K., Mohamed, Shukri F., Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohanna, Salim, Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd, Mohebbi, Iraj, Mohebi, Farnam, Moitry, Marie, Mollehave, Line T., Molnar, Denes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K., Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K., Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moreira, Leila B., Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A., Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Mota, Jorge, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Andre Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos, Mridha, Malay K., Msyamboza, Kelias P., Mu, Thet Thet, Muhihi, Alfa J., Muiesan, Maria L., Muller-Nurasyid, Martina, Murphy, Neil, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Milanovic, Sanja Music, Musil, Vera, Mustafa, Norlaila, Nabipour, Iraj, Naderimagham, Shohreh, Nagel, Gabriele, Naidu, Balkish M., Najafi, Farid, Nakamura, Harunobu, Namesna, Jana, Nang, Ei Ei K., Nangia, Vinay B., Narake, Sameer, Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba, Neal, William A., Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Neuhauser, Hannelore K., Nguyen, Chung T., Nguyen, Nguyen D., Nguyen, Quang V., Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E., Niiranen, Teemu J., Nikitin, Yury P., Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Njelekela, Marina A., Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A., Noorbala, Ahmad Ali, Norat, Teresa, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Borge G., Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Al Nsour, Mohannad, Nunes, Baltazar, O'Neill, Terence W., O'Reilly, Dermot, Ochimana, Caleb, Oda, Eiji, Odili, Augustine N., Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olie, Valerie, Olinto, Maria Teresa A., Oliveira, Isabel O., Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M., Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Pedro J., Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M., Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A., Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, Cristina, Pahomova, Elena, de Paiva, Karina Mary, Pajak, Andrzej, Palli, Domenico, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papandreou, Dimitrios, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D., Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pecin, Ivan, Pednekar, Mangesh S., Pedro, Joao M., Peer, Nasheeta, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C., Peres, Karen G. D. A., Peres, Marco A., Peters, Annette, Petkeviciene, Janina, Peykari, Niloofar, Son Thai Pham, Pichardo, Rafael N., Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia N., Plans-Rubio, Pedro, Polasek, Ozren, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J., Price, Jacqueline F., Providencia, Rui, Puhakka, Soile E., Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F., Qorbani, Mostafa, Queiroz, Daniel, Tran Quoc Bao, Radic, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rakhimova, Ellina M., Rao, Sudha Ramachandra, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramos, Elisabete, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangel Reina, Daniel A., Rarra, Vayia, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M., Regecova, Valeria, Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M., Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria, Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A., Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romaguera, Dora, Romeo, Elisabetta L., Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel G. R., Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Rusakova, Iuliia A., Russo, Paola, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S., Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saidi, Olfa, Saki, Nader, Salanave, Benoit, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salmeron, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T., Salvetti, Massimo, Sanchez-Abanto, Jose, Sans, Susana, Santos, Diana A., Santos, Ina S., Santos, Lelita C., Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Rute, Saramies, Jouko L., Sardinha, Luis B., Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D., Schargrodsky, Herman, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O., Schnohr, Peter, Schoettker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E., Sebert, Sylvain, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servais, Jennifer, Shalnova, Svetlana A., Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K., Shaw, Jonathan E., Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shin, Dong Wook, Shirani, Majid, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M., de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos, Santos Silva, Diego Augusto, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A., Sjostrom, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soderberg, Stefan, Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Sorensen, Thorkild I. A., Sorgjerd, Elin P., Soric, Maroje, Jerome, Charles Sossa, Soumare, Aicha, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Staessen, Jan A., Starc, Gregor, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D., Stergiou, George S., Stessman, Jochanan, Stieber, Jutta, Stoeckl, Doris, Stocks, Tanja, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Suka, Machi, Sun, Chien-An, Sung, Yn-Tz, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sy, Rody G., Syddall, Holly E., Sylva, Rene Charles, Szklo, Moyses, Tai, E. Shyong, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B., Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tebar, William R., Tell, Grethe S., Tello, Tania, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, K. R., Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thinggaard, Mikael, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thuesen, Betina H., Timmermans, Erik J., Tjandrarini, Dwi H., Tjonneland, Anne, Toft, Ulla, Tolonen, Hanna K., Tolstrup, Janne S., Topbas, Murat, Topor-Madry, Roman, Jose Tormo, Maria, Tornaritis, Michael J., Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh T. H., Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuliakova, Azaliia M., Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K., Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Turley, Maria L., Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ulmer, Hanno, Uusitalo, Hannu M. T., Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M., van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Van Herck, Koen, Hoang Van Minh, Van Schoor, Natasja M., van Valkengoed, Irene G. M., van Zutphen, Elisabeth M., Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Vasan, Senthil K., Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, W. M. Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Victora, Cesar G., Viet, Lucie, Villalpando, Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K., Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Ari, Wade, Alisha N., Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis O. A., Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan, Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan, Wanderley Junior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S. Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H., Widhalm, Kurt, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J., Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Emmanuel A., Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A., Wong, Andrew, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Wu, Frederick C., Wu, Shouling, Wyszynska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K., Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O., Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zainuddin, Ahmad A., Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Elisa Zapata, Maria, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuniga Cisneros, Julio., School of Medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, APH - Global Health, Pulmonology, Medical Informatics, Adult Psychiatry, Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, APH - Methodology, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Anesthesiology, Graduate School, and ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias
- Subjects
Male ,Latin Americans ,Nutrition and Disease ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Medizin ,BLOOD-PRESSURE ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants ,Hypertension ,Prevalence ,Control ,Tretament ,GUIDELINES ,Global Health ,Worldwide trends ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hypertension prevalence ,Voeding en Ziekte ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,kohonnut verenpaine ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prevention and Control ,11 Medical and Health Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,education.field_of_study ,food and beverages ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,General Medicine ,Noncommunicable diseases ,Period prevalence ,Middle Aged ,kansainvälinen vertailu ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,3. Good health ,MIDDLE-INCOME ,Pooled analysis ,SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ,INCOME COUNTRIES ,ADULTS ,PREVENTION ,MANAGEMENT ,ADHERENCE ,DIAGNOSIS ,Western europe ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Hypertension/diagnosis ,NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) ,Female ,B990 Subjects Allied to Medicine not elsewhere classified ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Adult ,health-care ,esiintyvyys ,Central asia ,Population ,Nursing ,3121 Internal medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Medicine, General & Internal ,Drug Therapy ,General & Internal Medicine ,Life Science ,Humans ,ddc:610 ,education ,Antihypertensive Agents ,VLAG ,Aged ,Science & Technology ,Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use ,business.industry ,Omvårdnad ,fungi ,General and internal medicine ,Estados de Saúde e de Doença ,Taking medication ,Treatment ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Blood pressure ,Faculdade de Ciências Sociais ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,lääkehoito ,1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Background: hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods: we used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings: the number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings., British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Grant; World Health Organization (WHO); Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics Fellowship
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight
- Author
-
Iurilli, M.L.C. Zhou, B. Bennett, J.E. Carrillo-Larco, R.M. Sophiea, M.K. Rodriguez-Martinez, A. Bixby, H. Solomon, B.D. Taddei, C. Danaei, G. Di Cesare, M. Stevens, G.A. Riley, L.M. Savin, S. Cowan, M.J. Bovet, P. Damasceno, A. Chirita-Emandi, A. Hayes, A.J. Ikeda, N. Jackson, R.T. Khang, Y.-H. Laxmaiah, A. Liu, J. Miranda, J.J. Saidi, O. Sebert, S. Sorić, M. Starc, G. Gregg, E.W. Abarca-Gómez, L. Abdeen, Z.A. Abdrakhmanova, S. Ghaffar, S.A. Rahim, H.F.A. Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. Garba, J.A. Acosta-Cazares, B. Adams, R.J. Aekplakorn, W. Afsana, K. Afzal, S. Agdeppa, I.A. Aghazadeh-Attari, J. Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. Agyemang, C. Ahmad, M.H. Ahmad, N.A. Ahmadi, A. Ahmadi, N. Ahmed, S.H. Ahrens, W. Aitmurzaeva, G. Ajlouni, K. Al-Hazzaa, H.M. Al-Lahou, B. Al-Raddadi, R. Alarouj, M. AlBuhairan, F. AlDhukair, S. Ali, M.M. Alkandari, A. Alkerwi, A. Allin, K. Alvarez-Pedrerol, M. Aly, E. Amarapurkar, D.N. Amiri, P. Amougou, N. Amouyel, P. Andersen, L.B. Anderssen, S.A. Ängquist, L. Anjana, R.M. Ansari-Moghaddam, A. Aounallah-Skhiri, H. Araújo, J. Ariansen, I. Aris, T. Arku, R.E. Arlappa, N. Aryal, K.K. Aspelund, T. Assah, F.K. Assunção, M.C.F. Aung, M.S. Auvinen, J. Mária Avdicová Avi, S. Azevedo, A. Azimi-Nezhad, M. Azizi, F. Azmin, M. Babu, B.V. Bæksgaard Jørgensen, M. Baharudin, A. Bahijri, S. Baker, J.L. Balakrishna, N. Bamoshmoosh, M. Banach, M. Bandosz, P. Banegas, J.R. Baran, J. Barbagallo, C.M. Barceló, A. Barkat, A. Barros, A.J.D. Barros, M.V.G. Basit, A. Bastos, J.L.D. Bata, I. Batieha, A.M. Batista, R.L. Battakova, Z. Batyrbek, A. Baur, L.A. Beaglehole, R. Bel-Serrat, S. Belavendra, A. Romdhane, H.B. Benedics, J. Benet, M. Bergh, I.H. Berkinbayev, S. Bernabe-Ortiz, A. Bernotiene, G. Bettiol, H. Bezerra, J. Bhagyalaxmi, A. Bharadwaj, S. Bhargava, S.K. Bhutta, Z.A. Bi, H. Bi, Y. Bia, D. Lele, E.C.B. Bikbov, M.M. Bista, B. Bjelica, D.J. Bjerregaard, P. Bjertness, E. Bjertness, M.B. Björkelund, C. Bloch, K.V. Blokstra, A. Bo, S. Bobak, M. Boddy, L.M. Boehm, B.O. Boeing, H. Boggia, J.G. Bogova, E. Boissonnet, C.P. Bojesen, S.E. Bonaccio, M. Bongard, V. Bonilla-Vargas, A. Bopp, M. Borghs, H. Braeckevelt, L. Braeckman, L. Bragt, M.C.E. Brajkovich, I. Branca, F. Breckenkamp, J. Breda, J. Brenner, H. Brewster, L.M. Brian, G.R. Brinduse, L. Brophy, S. Bruno, G. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B. Bugge, A. Buoncristiano, M. Burazeri, G. Burns, C. de León, A.C. Cacciottolo, J. Cai, H. Cama, T. Cameron, C. Camolas, J. Can, G. Candido, A.P.C. Cañete, F. Capanzana, M.V. Capková, N. Capuano, E. Capuano, V. Cardol, M. Cardoso, V.C. Carlsson, A.C. Carmuega, E. Carvalho, J. Casajús, J.A. Casanueva, F.F. Celikcan, E. Censi, L. Cervantes-Loaiza, M. Cesar, J.A. Chamukuttan, S. Chan, A.W. Chan, Q. Chaturvedi, H.K. Chaturvedi, N. Rahim, N.C.A. Chee, M.L. Chen, C.-J. Chen, F. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, Z. Cheng, C.-Y. Cheraghian, B. Chetrit, A. Chikova-Iscener, E. Chiolero, A. Chiou, S.-T. Chirlaque, M.-D. Cho, B. Christensen, K. Christofaro, D.G. Chudek, J. Cifkova, R. Cilia, M. Cinteza, E. Claessens, F. Clarke, J. Clays, E. Cohen, E. Concin, H. Confortin, S.C. Cooper, C. Coppinger, T.C. Corpeleijn, E. Costanzo, S. Cottel, D. Cowell, C. Craig, C.L. Crampin, A.C. Crujeiras, A.B. Csilla, S. Cucu, A.M. Cui, L. Cureau, F.V. Czenczek-Lewandowska, E. D’Arrigo, G. d’Orsi, E. Dacica, L. Dal Re Saavedra, M.A. Dallongeville, J. Damsgaard, C.T. Dankner, R. Dantoft, T.M. Dasgupta, P. Dastgiri, S. Dauchet, L. Davletov, K. De Backer, G. De Bacquer, D. de Gaetano, G. De Henauw, S. de Oliveira, P.D. De Ridder, D. De Ridder, K. de Rooij, S.R. De Smedt, D. Deepa, M. Deev, A.D. DeGennaro, V., Jr Dehghan, A. Delisle, H. Delpeuch, F. Demarest, S. Dennison, E. Dereń, K. Deschamps, V. Dhimal, M. Di Castelnuovo, A.F. Dias-da-Costa, J.S. Díaz-Sánchez, M.E. Diaz, A. Dika, Z. Djalalinia, S. Djordjic, V. Do, H.T.P. Dobson, A.J. Donati, M.B. Donfrancesco, C. Donoso, S.P. Döring, A. Dorobantu, M. Dorosty, A.R. Doua, K. Dragano, N. Drygas, W. Duan, J.L. Duante, C.A. Duboz, P. Duda, R.B. Duleva, V. Dulskiene, V. Dumith, S.C. Dushpanova, A. Dzerve, V. Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. Eddie, R. Eftekhar, E. Egbagbe, E.E. Eggertsen, R. Eghtesad, S. Eiben, G. Ekelund, U. El-Khateeb, M. Ati, J.E. Eldemire-Shearer, D. Eliasen, M. Elliott, P. Engle-Stone, R. Enguerran, M. Erasmus, R.T. Erbel, R. Erem, C. Eriksen, L. Eriksson, J.G. Escobedo-de la Peña, J. Eslami, S. Esmaeili, A. Evans, A. Faeh, D. Fakhretdinova, A.A. Fall, C.H. Faramarzi, E. Farjam, M. Sant’Angelo, V.F. Farzadfar, F. Fattahi, M.R. Fawwad, A. Felix-Redondo, F.J. Ferguson, T.S. Fernandes, R.A. Fernández-Bergés, D. Ferrante, D. Ferrao, T. Ferrari, M. Ferrario, M.M. Ferreccio, C. Ferrer, E. Ferrieres, J. Figueiró, T.H. Fijalkowska, A. Fink, G. Fischer, K. Foo, L.H. Forsner, M. Fouad, H.M. Francis, D.K. Maria do Carmo Franco Frikke-Schmidt, R. Frontera, G. Fuchs, F.D. Fuchs, S.C. Fujiati, I.I. Fujita, Y. Fumihiko, M. Furusawa, T. Gaciong, Z. Gafencu, M. Galbarczyk, A. Galenkamp, H. Galeone, D. Galfo, M. Galvano, F. Gao, J. Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. García-Solano, M. Gareta, D. Garnett, S.P. Gaspoz, J.-M. Gasull, M. Gaya, A.C.A. Gaya, A.R. Gazzinelli, A. Gehring, U. Geiger, H. Geleijnse, J.M. Ghanbari, A. Ghasemi, E. Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. Giampaoli, S. Gianfagna, F. Gill, T.K. Giovannelli, J. Gironella, G. Giwercman, A. Gkiouras, K. Godos, J. Gogen, S. Goldberg, M. Goldsmith, R.A. Goltzman, D. Gómez, S.F. Gomula, A. da Silva, B.G.C. Gonçalves, H. Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. Gonzalez-Gross, M. González-Leon, M. González-Rivas, J.P. González-Villalpando, C. González-Villalpando, M.-E. Gonzalez, A.R. Gottrand, F. Graça, A.P. Graff-Iversen, S. Grafnetter, D. Grajda, A. Grammatikopoulou, M.G. Gregor, R.D. Grodzicki, T. Grøholt, E.K. Grøntved, A. Grosso, G. Gruden, G. Gu, D. Gualdi-Russo, E. Guallar-Castillón, P. Gualtieri, A. Gudmundsson, E.F. Gudnason, V. Guerrero, R. Guessous, I. Guimaraes, A.L. Gulliford, M.C. Gunnlaugsdottir, J. Gunter, M.J. Guo, X.-H. Guo, Y. Gupta, P.C. Gupta, R. Gureje, O. Gurzkowska, B. Gutiérrez-González, E. Gutierrez, L. Gutzwiller, F. Ha, S. Hadaegh, F. Hadjigeorgiou, C.A. Haghshenas, R. Hakimi, H. Halkjær, J. Hambleton, I.R. Hamzeh, B. Hange, D. Hanif, A.A.M. Hantunen, S. Hao, J. Kumar, R.H. Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. Hassapidou, M. Hata, J. Haugsgjerd, T. He, J. He, Y. He, Y. Heidinger-Felso, R. Heinen, M. Hejgaard, T. Hendriks, M.E. dos Santos Henrique, R. Henriques, A. Cadena, L.H. Herrala, S. Herrera, V.M. Herter-Aeberli, I. Heshmat, R. Hill, A.G. Ho, S.Y. Ho, S.C. Hobbs, M. Holdsworth, M. Homayounfar, R. Homs, C. Hopman, W.M. Horimoto, A.R.V.R. Hormiga, C.M. Horta, B.L. Houti, L. Howitt, C. Htay, T.T. Htet, A.S. Htike, M.M.T. Hu, Y. Huerta, J.M. Huhtaniemi, I.T. Huiart, L. Petrescu, C.H. Huisman, M. Husseini, A. Huu, C.N. Huybrechts, I. Hwalla, N. Hyska, J. Iacoviello, L. Ibarluzea, J.M. Ibrahim, M.M. Wong, N.I. Ikram, M.A. Iotova, V. Irazola, V.E. Ishida, T. Islam, M. Islam, S.M.S. Iwasaki, M. Jacobs, J.M. Jaddou, H.Y. Jafar, T. James, K. Jamil, K.M. Jamrozik, K. Janszky, I. Janus, E. Jarani, J. Jarvelin, M.-R. Jasienska, G. Jelakovic, A. Jelakovic, B. Jennings, G. Jha, A.K. Jiang, C.Q. Jimenez, R.O. Jöckel, K.-H. Joffres, M. Johansson, M. Jokelainen, J.J. Jonas, J.B. Jonnagaddala, J. Jørgensen, T. Joshi, P. Joukar, F. Jovic, D.P. Jóźwiak, J.J. Juolevi, A. Jurak, G. Simina, I.J. Juresa, V. Kaaks, R. Kaducu, F.O. Kafatos, A. Kajantie, E.O. Kalmatayeva, Z. Kalter-Leibovici, O. Kameli, Y. Kampmann, F.B. Kanala, K.R. Kannan, S. Kapantais, E. Karakosta, A. Kårhus, L.L. Karki, K.B. Katibeh, M. Katz, J. Katzmarzyk, P.T. Kauhanen, J. Kaur, P. Kavousi, M. Kazakbaeva, G.M. Keil, U. Boker, L.K. Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. Kelishadi, R. Kelleher, C. Kemper, H.C.G. Kengne, A.P. Keramati, M. Kerimkulova, A. Kersting, M. Key, T. Khader, Y.S. Khalili, D. Khaw, K.-T. Kheiri, B. Kheradmand, M. Khosravi, A. Khouw, I.M.S.L. Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. Kiechl, S. Killewo, J. Kim, D.W. Kim, H.C. Kim, J. Kindblom, J.M. Klakk, H. Klimek, M. Klimont, J. Klumbiene, J. Knoflach, M. Koirala, B. Kolle, E. Kolsteren, P. König, J. Korpelainen, R. Korrovits, P. Korzycka, M. Kos, J. Koskinen, S. Kouda, K. Kovacs, V.A. Kowlessur, S. Koziel, S. Kratenova, J. Kratzer, W. Kriemler, S. Kristensen, P.L. Krokstad, S. Kromhout, D. Kruger, H.S. Kubinova, R. Kuciene, R. Kujala, U.M. Kujundzic, E. Kulaga, Z. Kumar, R.K. Kunešová, M. Kurjata, P. Kusuma, Y.S. Kuulasmaa, K. Kyobutungi, C. La, Q.N. Laamiri, F.Z. Laatikainen, T. Lachat, C. Laid, Y. Lam, T.H. Lambrinou, C.-P. Landais, E. Lanska, V. Lappas, G. Larijani, B. Latt, T.S. Lauria, L. Lazo-Porras, M. Le Coroller, G. Bao, K.L.N. Le Port, A. Le, T.D. Lee, J. Lee, J. Lee, P.H. Lehmann, N. Lehtimäki, T. Lemogoum, D. Levitt, N.S. Li, Y. Liivak, M. Lilly, C.L. Lim, W.-Y. Lima-Costa, M.F. Lin, H.-H. Lin, X. Lin, Y.-T. Lind, L. Linneberg, A. Lissner, L. Litwin, M. Liu, L. Lo, W.-C. Loit, H.-M. Long, K.Q. Lopes, L. Lopes, O. Lopez-Garcia, E. Lopez, T. Lotufo, P.A. Lozano, J.E. Lukrafka, J.L. Luksiene, D. Lundqvist, A. Lundqvist, R. Lunet, N. Lunogelo, C. Lustigová, M. Łuszczki, E. Ma, G. Ma, J. Ma, X. Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. Macieira, L.M. Madar, A.A. Maggi, S. Magliano, D.J. Magnacca, S. Magriplis, E. Mahasampath, G. Maire, B. Majer, M. Makdisse, M. Mäki, P. Malekzadeh, F. Malekzadeh, R. Malhotra, R. Rao, K.M. Malyutina, S.K. Maniego, L.V. Manios, Y. Mann, J.I. Mansour-Ghanaei, F. Manzato, E. Margozzini, P. Markaki, A. Markey, O. Ioannidou, E.M. Marques-Vidal, P. Marques, L.P. Marrugat, J. Martin-Prevel, Y. Martin, R. Martorell, R. Martos, E. Maruszczak, K. Marventano, S. Mascarenhas, L.P. Masoodi, S.R. Mathiesen, E.B. Mathur, P. Matijasevich, A. Matsha, T.E. Mavrogianni, C. Mazur, A. Mbanya, J.C.N. McFarlane, S.R. McGarvey, S.T. McKee, M. McLachlan, S. McLean, R.M. McLean, S.B. McNulty, B.A. Benchekor, S.M. Medzioniene, J. Mehdipour, P. Mehlig, K. Mehrparvar, A.H. Meirhaeghe, A. Meisfjord, J. Meisinger, C. Menezes, A.M.B. Menon, G.R. Mensink, G.B.M. Menzano, M.T. Mereke, A. Meshram, I.I. Metspalu, A. Meyer, H.E. Mi, J. Michaelsen, K.F. Michels, N. Mikkel, K. Milkowska, K. Miller, J.C. Minderico, C.S. Mini, G.K. Miquel, J.F. Mirjalili, M.R. Mirkopoulou, D. Mirrakhimov, E. Mišigoj-Durakovic, M. Mistretta, A. Mocanu, V. Modesti, P.A. Moghaddam, S.S. Mohajer, B. Mohamed, M.K. Mohamed, S.F. Mohammad, K. Mohammadi, Z. Mohammadifard, N. Mohammadpourhodki, R. Mohan, V. Mohanna, S. Yusoff, M.F.M. Mohebbi, I. Mohebi, F. Moitry, M. Molbo, D. Møllehave, L.T. Møller, N.C. Molnár, D. Momenan, A. Mondo, C.K. Monroy-Valle, M. Monterrubio-Flores, E. Monyeki, K.D.K. Moon, J.S. Moosazadeh, M. Moreira, L.B. Morejon, A. Moreno, L.A. Morgan, K. Morin, S.N. Mortensen, E.L. Moschonis, G. Mossakowska, M. Mostafa, A. Mota-Pinto, A. Mota, J. Motlagh, M.E. Motta, J. Moura-dos-Santos, M.A. Mridha, M.K. Msyamboza, K.P. Mu, T.T. Muc, M. Mugoša, B. Muiesan, M.L. Mukhtorova, P. Müller-Nurasyid, M. Murphy, N. Mursu, J. Murtagh, E.M. Musa, K.I. Milanovic, S.M. Musil, V. Mustafa, N. Nabipour, I. Naderimagham, S. Nagel, G. Naidu, B.M. Najafi, F. Nakamura, H. Námešná, J. Nang, E.E.K. Nangia, V.B. Nankap, M. Narake, S. Nardone, P. Nauck, M. Neal, W.A. Nejatizadeh, A. Nekkantti, C. Nelis, K. Nelis, L. Nenko, I. Neovius, M. Nervi, F. Nguyen, C.T. Nguyen, N.D. Nguyen, Q.N. Nieto-Martínez, R.E. Nikitin, Y.P. Ning, G. Ninomiya, T. Nishtar, S. Noale, M. Noboa, O.A. Nogueira, H. Norat, T. Nordendahl, M. Nordestgaard, B.G. Noto, D. Nowak-Szczepanska, N. Al Nsour, M. Nuhoglu, I. Nurk, E. O’Neill, T.W. O’Reilly, D. Obreja, G. Ochimana, C. Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. Oda, E. Oh, K. Ohara, K. Ohlsson, C. Ohtsuka, R. Olafsson, O. Olinto, M.T.A. Oliveira, I.O. Omar, M.A. Onat, A. Ong, S.K. Ono, L.M. Ordunez, P. Ornelas, R. Ortiz, A.P. Ortiz, P.J. Osler, M. Osmond, C. Ostojic, S.M. Ostovar, A. Otero, J.A. Overvad, K. Owusu-Dabo, E. Paccaud, F.M. Padez, C. Pagkalos, I. Pahomova, E. de Paiva, K.M. Pajak, A. Palli, D. Palloni, A. Palmieri, L. Pan, W.-H. Panda-Jonas, S. Pandey, A. Panza, F. Papandreou, D. Park, S.-W. Park, S. Parnell, W.R. Parsaeian, M. Pascanu, I.M. Pasquet, P. Patel, N.D. Pecin, I. Pednekar, M.S. Peer, N. Pei, G. Peixoto, S.V. Peltonen, M. Pereira, A.C. Peres, M.A. Pérez-Farinós, N. Pérez, C.M. Peterkova, V. Peters, A. Petersmann, A. Petkeviciene, J. Petrauskiene, A. Pettenuzzo, E. Peykari, N. Pham, S.T. Pichardo, R.N. Pierannunzio, D. Pigeot, I. Pikhart, H. Pilav, A. Pilotto, L. Pistelli, F. Pitakaka, F. Piwonska, A. Pizarro, A.N. Plans-Rubió, P. Poh, B.K. Pohlabeln, H. Pop, R.M. Popovic, S.R. Porta, M. Posch, G. Poudyal, A. Poulimeneas, D. Pouraram, H. Pourfarzi, F. Pourshams, A. Poustchi, H. Pradeepa, R. Price, A.J. Price, J.F. Providencia, R. Puder, J.J. Pudule, I. Puhakka, S.E. Puiu, M. Punab, M. Qasrawi, R.F. Qorbani, M. Bao, T.Q. Radic, I. Radisauskas, R. Rahimikazerooni, S. Rahman, M. Rahman, M. Raitakari, O. Raj, M. Rakhimova, E. Rakhmatulloev, S. Rakovac, I. Rao, S.R. Ramachandran, A. Ramke, J. Ramos, E. Ramos, R. Rampal, L. Rampal, S. Rarra, V. Rascon-Pacheco, R.A. Rasmussen, M. Rech, C.R. Redon, J. Reganit, P.F.M. Regecová, V. Revilla, L. Rezaianzadeh, A. Ribas-Barba, L. Ribeiro, R. Riboli, E. Richter, A. Rigo, F. Rinaldo, N. de Wit, T.F.R. Rito, A. Ritti-Dias, R.M. Rivera, J.A. Robitaille, C. Roccaldo, R. Rodrigues, D. Rodríguez-Artalejo, F. del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. Roggenbuck, U. Rojas-Martinez, R. Rojroongwasinkul, N. Romaguera, D. Romeo, E.L. Rosario, R.V. Rosengren, A. Rouse, I. Roy, J.G.R. Rubinstein, A. Rühli, F.J. Ruidavets, J.-B. Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. Ruiz-Castell, M. Moreno, E.R. Rusakova, I.A. Jonsson, K.R. Russo, P. Rust, P. Rutkowski, M. Sabanayagam, C. Sacchini, E. Sachdev, H.S. Sadjadi, A. Safarpour, A.R. Safiri, S. Saki, N. Salanave, B. Martinez, E.S. Salmerón, D. Salomaa, V. Salonen, J.T. Salvetti, M. Samoutian, M. Sánchez-Abanto, J. Sans, S. Marina, L.S. Santos, D.A. Santos, I.S. Santos, L.C. Santos, M.P. Santos, O. Santos, R. Sanz, S.S. Saramies, J.L. Sardinha, L.B. Sarrafzadegan, N. Sathish, T. Saum, K.-U. Savva, S. Savy, M. Sawada, N. Sbaraini, M. Scazufca, M. Schaan, B.D. Rosario, A.S. Schargrodsky, H. Schienkiewitz, A. Schipf, S. Schmidt, C.O. Schmidt, I.M. Schnohr, P. Schöttker, B. Schramm, S. Schramm, S. Schröder, H. Schultsz, C. Schutte, A.E. Sein, A.A. Selamat, R. Sember, V. Sen, A. Senbanjo, I.O. Sepanlou, S.G. Sequera, V. Serra-Majem, L. Servais, J. Ševcíková, L. Shalnova, S.A. Shamah-Levy, T. Shamshirgaran, M. Shanthirani, C.S. Sharafkhah, M. Sharma, S.K. Shaw, J.E. Shayanrad, A. Shayesteh, A.A. Shengelia, L. Shi, Z. Shibuya, K. Shimizu-Furusawa, H. Shin, D.W. Shirani, M. Shiri, R. Shrestha, N. Si-Ramlee, K. Siani, A. Siantar, R. Sibai, A.M. Silva, A.M. Silva, D.A.S. Simon, M. Simons, J. Simons, L.A. Sjöberg, A. Sjöström, M. Skodje, G. Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. Slusarczyk, P. Smeeth, L. So, H.-K. Soares, F.C. Sobek, G. Sobngwi, E. Sodemann, M. Söderberg, S. Soekatri, M.Y.E. Soemantri, A. Sofat, R. Solfrizzi, V. Somi, M.H. Sonestedt, E. Song, Y. Sørensen, T.I.A. Sørgjerd, E.P. Jérome, C.S. Soto-Rojas, V.E. Soumaré, A. Sovic, S. Sparboe-Nilsen, B. Sparrenberger, K. Spinelli, A. Spiroski, I. Staessen, J.A. Stamm, H. Stathopoulou, M.G. Staub, K. Stavreski, B. Steene-Johannessen, J. Stehle, P. Stein, A.D. Stergiou, G.S. Stessman, J. Stevanovic, R. Stieber, J. Stöckl, D. Stocks, T. Stokwiszewski, J. Stoyanova, E. Stratton, G. Stronks, K. Strufaldi, M.W. Sturua, L. Suárez-Medina, S. Suka, M. Sun, C.-A. Sundström, J. Sung, Y.-T. Sunyer, J. Suriyawongpaisal, P. Swinburn, B.A. Sy, R.G. Syddall, H.E. Sylva, R.C. Szklo, M. Szponar, L. Tai, E.S. Tammesoo, M.-L. Tamosiunas, A. Tan, E.J. Tang, X. Tanrygulyyeva, M. Tanser, F. Tao, Y. Tarawneh, M.R. Tarp, J. Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. Braunerová, R.T. Taylor, A. Taylor, J. Tchibindat, F. Tebar, W.R. Tell, G.S. Tello, T. Tham, Y.C. Thankappan, K.R. Theobald, H. Theodoridis, X. Thijs, L. Thomas, N. Thuesen, B.H. Tichá, L. Timmermans, E.J. Tjonneland, A. Tolonen, H.K. Tolstrup, J.S. Topbas, M. Topór-Madry, R. Torheim, L.E. Tormo, M.J. Tornaritis, M.J. Torrent, M. Torres-Collado, L. Toselli, S. Touloumi, G. Traissac, P. Tran, T.T.-H. Trichopoulos, D. Trichopoulou, A. Trinh, D.T.H. Trivedi, A. Tshepo, L. Tsigga, M. Tsugane, S. Tuliakova, A.M. Tulloch-Reid, M.K. Tullu, F. Tuomainen, T.-P. Tuomilehto, J. Turley, M.L. Twig, G. Tynelius, P. Tzotzas, T. Tzourio, C. Ueda, P. Ugel, E. Ukoli, F.A.M. Ulmer, H. Unal, B. Usupova, Z. Uusitalo, H.M.T. Uysal, N. Vaitkeviciute, J. Valdivia, G. Vale, S. Valvi, D. van Dam, R.M. Van der Heyden, J. van der Schouw, Y.T. Van Herck, K. Van Minh, H. Van Schoor, N.M. van Valkengoed, I.G.M. Vanderschueren, D. Vanuzzo, D. Varbo, A. Varela-Moreiras, G. Varona-Pérez, P. Vasan, S.K. Vega, T. Veidebaum, T. Velasquez-Melendez, G. Velika, B. Veronesi, G. Verschuren, W.M.M. Victora, C.G. Viegi, G. Viet, L. Villalpando, S. Vineis, P. Vioque, J. Virtanen, J.K. Visser, M. Visvikis-Siest, S. Viswanathan, B. Vladulescu, M. Vlasoff, T. Vocanec, D. Vollenweider, P. Völzke, H. Voutilainen, A. Voutilainen, S. Vrijheid, M. Vrijkotte, T.G.M. Wade, A.N. Wagner, A. Waldhör, T. Walton, J. Wambiya, E.O.A. Bebakar, A.M.W. Mohamud, W.N.W. de Souza Wanderley Júnior, R. Wang, M.-D. Wang, N. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, Y.X. Wang, Y.-W. Wannamethee, S.G. Wareham, N. Weber, A. Wedderkopp, N. Weerasekera, D. Weghuber, D. Wei, W. Weres, A. Werner, B. Whincup, P.H. Widhalm, K. Widyahening, I.S. Wiecek, A. Wilks, R.J. Willeit, J. Willeit, P. Williams, J. Wilsgaard, T. Wojtyniak, B. Wong-McClure, R.A. Wong, A. Wong, J.E. Wong, T.Y. Woo, J. Woodward, M. Wu, F.C. Wu, J. Wu, L.J. Wu, S. Xu, H. Xu, L. Yaacob, N.A. Yamborisut, U. Yan, W. Yang, L. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Yardim, N. Yaseri, M. Yasuharu, T. Ye, X. Yiallouros, P.K. Yoosefi, M. Yoshihara, A. You, Q.S. You, S.-L. Younger-Coleman, N.O. Yusof, S.M. Yusoff, A.F. Zaccagni, L. Zafiropulos, V. Zainuddin, A.A. Zakavi, S.R. Zamani, F. Zambon, S. Zampelas, A. Zamrazilová, H. Zapata, M.E. Zargar, A.H. Zaw, K.K. Zdrojewski, T. Zejglicova, K. Vrkic, T.Z. Zeng, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z.-Y. Zhao, D. Zhao, M.-H. Zhao, W. Zhen, S. Zheng, W. Zheng, Y. Zholdin, B. Zhou, M. Zhu, D. Zins, M. Zitt, E. Zocalo, Y. Cisneros, J.Z. Zuziak, M. Ezzati, M. Filippi, S. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
- Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases ,sense organs ,skin and connective tissue diseases - Abstract
From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. © Copyright.
- Published
- 2021
8. Utilization of durian ( Durio zibethinus Murray) peel as low cost sorbent for the removal of acid dye from aqueous solutions
- Author
-
Hameed, B.H. and Hakimi, H.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- Author
-
Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R.M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R.T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M.K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M.L.C. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A.R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, R.G. (Trudy), Riley, L.M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M.J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J.E. (James E.), Stevens, G.A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C.J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A.P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gómez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H.A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R.J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I.A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C.O. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Ahmad, N.A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S.H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (W.), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M.M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala’a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D.N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L.B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S.A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R.M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araújo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R.E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K.K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assunção, M.C.F. (Maria Cecília F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicová, M. (Mária), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, J. (Joshan), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J.R. (José R.), Barbagallo, C.M. (Carlo M.), Barceló, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A.M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L.A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S.K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M.B. (Marius B.), Björkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K.V. (Katia V.), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B.O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J.G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C.P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L.M. (Lizzy), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M.A. (Markus A.), de León, A.C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Günay), Cândido, A.P.C. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M.V. (Mario V.), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V.C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F.F., Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C.A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.D. (M.), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S.C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Charles), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semánová), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F.V. (Felipe V.), D’Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d’Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J., Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T.M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), Backer, G. (Guy) de, Bacquer, D. (Dirk) de, de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P.D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A.D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Hélène), Dennison, E.M. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valérie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A.F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A.J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S.P. (Silvana P.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C.A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R.B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R.T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escobedo-de la Peña, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C.H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F.J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T.S. (Trevor S.), Fernández-Bergés, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Föger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L.H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H.M. (Heba M.), Francis, D.K. (Damian K.), do Carmo Franco, M. (Maria), Franco, O.H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S.P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J.M. (Marianne), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T.K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Gonçalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), González-Rivas, J.P. (Juan P.), González-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), González-Villalpando, M.E. (María Elena), Gonzalez, A.R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dušan), Gregor, R.D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grøntved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-castillón, P. (Pilar), Guan, O.P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E.F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I.R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R.H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A.J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yong), Hendriks, M.E. (Marleen), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A.G. (Allan G.), Ho, S.Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W.M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A.R.V.R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C.M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B.L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T.T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A.S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M.M.T. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J.M. (José María), Huhtaniemi, I.T. (I.), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M.L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. (Abdullatif), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A.G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M.M. (Mohsen), Wong, N.I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V.E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), al-Safi Ismail, A. (Aziz), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H.Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T.H. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G.B. (Gorm), Jeong, S.-L. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A.K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C.Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R.O. (Ramon O.), JöCkel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J.J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J.B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Józwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N.A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P.R. (Pia R.), Karki, K.B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, M. (Mark), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y.S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H.C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I.V. (Iliana V.), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), König, J. (Jürgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P.L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U.M. (Urho), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F.Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T.H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T.S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L.E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N.S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C.L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M.F. (Maria Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P.A. (Paulo A), Lozano, J.E. (José Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A.A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D.J., Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Rao, K.M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y., Mann, J.I. (Jim I.), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L.P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E.B. (Ellisiv), Matsha, T.E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S.R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S.T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R.M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S.B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B.A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A.H. (Amir Houshang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A.M.B. (Ana M.B.), Menon, G.R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I.I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H.E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J.C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C.S. (Cláudia S.), Mini, G.K. (G. K.), Miquel, J.F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J.J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P.A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S.S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M.K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), Yusoff, M.F.M. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Møllehave, L.T. (Line T.), Møller, N.C. (Niels C.), Molnár, D. (Dénes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C.K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. (Luis), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S.N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M.E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K.P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M.L. (Maria Lorenza), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B.M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Námešná, J. (Jana), Nang, E.E.K. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V.B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W.A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N.D. (Nguyen D.), Nguyen, Q.N. (Quang Ngoc), Nieto-Martínez, R.E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T.J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O.A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Nsour, M.A. (Mohannad Al), Nuhoğlu, I. (Irfan), O’Neill, T.W. (Terence W.), O’Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. (Angélica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, Ö. (Örn), Olié, V. (Valérie), Oliveira, I.O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M.A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S.K. (Sok King), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P.J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S.M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J.A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F.M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W.R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N.D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S.V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. (A.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pham, S.T. (Son Thai), Pichardo, R.N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, A. (Alberto), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A.N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubió, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M.L.P. (Marileen), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J.F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J.J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S.E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Bao, T.Q. (Tran Quoc), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S.R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redón, J. (Josep), Reganit, P.F.M. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), Rinke de Wit, T.F. (Tobias), Rodríguez Artalejo, F. (Fernando), del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. (María), Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E.L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J.G.R. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H.S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A.R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmerón, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J.T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sánchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasías, A.M. (Alba M.), Santos, D.A. (Diana A.), Santos, M.P. (Maria Paula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J.L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L.B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S., Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B.D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (C.), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C.O. (Carsten O.), Schöttker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A.A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S.G. (Sadaf G), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S.A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S.K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J.E., Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D.W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A.M. (Abla M.), Silva, D.A.S. (Diego Augusto Santos), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L.A. (Leon A.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M.B. (Marieke), Söderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Augustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M.H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Jérome, C.S. (Charles Sossa), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J.A. (Jan), Stathopoulou, M.G. (Maria G), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A.D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanović, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stöckl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M.W. (Maria Wany), Suárez-Medina, R. (Ramón), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundström, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R.G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R.C. (René Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E.S. (Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E.J. (Eng Joo), Tarawneh, M.R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G.S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K.R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B.H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H.K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J.S. (Janne), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topór-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M.J., Tornaritis, M.J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O.T.H. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M.K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H., Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), Dam, R.M. (Rob) van, Schouw, Y.T. (Yvonne) van der, Van Herck, K. (Koen), Van Minh, H. (Hoang), Rossem, L. (Lenie) van, Schoor, N.M. (Natasja) van, Valkengoed, I. (Irene) van, Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Pérez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S.K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernández, S.J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Verschuren, W.M.M. (W. M. Monique), Victora, C.G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J.K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A.N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W.M.W. (Wan Mohamad Wan), Mohamud, W.N.W. (Wan Nazaimoon Wan), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y.X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S.G. (Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I.S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A.H. (Alet), Wilks, R.J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R.A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F.C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T.P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P.K. (P.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N.O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A.F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A.A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S.R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), Zaw, K.K. (Ko Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (T.), Vrkic, T.Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J.Z. (Julio Zuñiga), Gregg, E.W. (Edward W.), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R.M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R.T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M.K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M.L.C. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A.R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, R.G. (Trudy), Riley, L.M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M.J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J.E. (James E.), Stevens, G.A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C.J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A.P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gómez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H.A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R.J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I.A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C.O. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Ahmad, N.A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S.H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (W.), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M.M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala’a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D.N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L.B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S.A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R.M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araújo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R.E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K.K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assunção, M.C.F. (Maria Cecília F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicová, M. (Mária), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, J. (Joshan), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J.R. (José R.), Barbagallo, C.M. (Carlo M.), Barceló, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A.M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L.A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S.K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M.B. (Marius B.), Björkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K.V. (Katia V.), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B.O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J.G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C.P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L.M. (Lizzy), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M.A. (Markus A.), de León, A.C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Günay), Cândido, A.P.C. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M.V. (Mario V.), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V.C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F.F., Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C.A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.D. (M.), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S.C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Charles), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A.B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semánová), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F.V. (Felipe V.), D’Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d’Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J., Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T.M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), Backer, G. (Guy) de, Bacquer, D. (Dirk) de, de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P.D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A.D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Hélène), Dennison, E.M. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valérie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A.F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A.J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S.P. (Silvana P.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C.A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R.B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R.T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Hagen, K. (Knut), Escobedo-de la Peña, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C.H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F.J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T.S. (Trevor S.), Fernández-Bergés, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Föger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L.H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H.M. (Heba M.), Francis, D.K. (Damian K.), do Carmo Franco, M. (Maria), Franco, O.H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S.P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J.M. (Marianne), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T.K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Gonçalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D.A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), González-Rivas, J.P. (Juan P.), González-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), González-Villalpando, M.E. (María Elena), Gonzalez, A.R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dušan), Gregor, R.D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grøntved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-castillón, P. (Pilar), Guan, O.P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E.F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I.R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R.H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S.M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A.J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yong), Hendriks, M.E. (Marleen), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A.G. (Allan G.), Ho, S.Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S.C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W.M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A.R.V.R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C.M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B.L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T.T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A.S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M.M.T. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J.M. (José María), Huhtaniemi, I.T. (I.), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M.L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. (Abdullatif), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A.G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M.M. (Mohsen), Wong, N.I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M.A. (Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V.E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), al-Safi Ismail, A. (Aziz), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J.M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H.Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T.H. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G.B. (Gorm), Jeong, S.-L. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A.K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C.Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R.O. (Ramon O.), JöCkel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J.J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J.B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Józwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N.A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P.R. (Pia R.), Karki, K.B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, M. (Mark), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y.S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H.C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I.V. (Iliana V.), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), König, J. (Jürgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P.L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U.M. (Urho), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F.Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T.H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T.S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L.E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N.S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C.L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M.F. (Maria Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P.A. (Paulo A), Lozano, J.E. (José Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G.L.L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A.M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A.A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D.J., Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Rao, K.M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y., Mann, J.I. (Jim I.), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L.P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E.B. (Ellisiv), Matsha, T.E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S.R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S.T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R.M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S.B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B.A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A.H. (Amir Houshang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A.M.B. (Ana M.B.), Menon, G.R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I.I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H.E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J.C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C.S. (Cláudia S.), Mini, G.K. (G. K.), Miquel, J.F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J.J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P.A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S.S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M.K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), Yusoff, M.F.M. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Møllehave, L.T. (Line T.), Møller, N.C. (Niels C.), Molnár, D. (Dénes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C.K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. (Luis), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S.N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M.E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K.P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M.L. (Maria Lorenza), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B.M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Námešná, J. (Jana), Nang, E.E.K. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V.B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W.A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N.D. (Nguyen D.), Nguyen, Q.N. (Quang Ngoc), Nieto-Martínez, R.E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T.J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O.A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Nsour, M.A. (Mohannad Al), Nuhoğlu, I. (Irfan), O’Neill, T.W. (Terence W.), O’Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Avilés, A.M. (Angélica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, Ö. (Örn), Olié, V. (Valérie), Oliveira, I.O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M.A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S.K. (Sok King), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P.J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S.M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J.A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F.M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W.R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N.D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S.V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. (A.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pham, S.T. (Son Thai), Pichardo, R.N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, A. (Alberto), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A.N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubió, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M.L.P. (Marileen), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J.F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J.J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S.E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Bao, T.Q. (Tran Quoc), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S.R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redón, J. (Josep), Reganit, P.F.M. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), Rinke de Wit, T.F. (Tobias), Rodríguez Artalejo, F. (Fernando), del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. (María), Rodríguez-Villamizar, L.A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E.L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J.G.R. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B.S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H.S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A.R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmerón, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J.T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sánchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasías, A.M. (Alba M.), Santos, D.A. (Diana A.), Santos, M.P. (Maria Paula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J.L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L.B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S., Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B.D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (C.), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C.O. (Carsten O.), Schöttker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A.A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S.G. (Sadaf G), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S.A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S.K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J.E., Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D.W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A.M. (Abla M.), Silva, D.A.S. (Diego Augusto Santos), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L.A. (Leon A.), Sjöström, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M.B. (Marieke), Söderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Augustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M.H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Jérome, C.S. (Charles Sossa), Soumaré, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J.A. (Jan), Stathopoulou, M.G. (Maria G), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A.D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanović, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stöckl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M.W. (Maria Wany), Suárez-Medina, R. (Ramón), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundström, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R.G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R.C. (René Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E.S. (Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E.J. (Eng Joo), Tarawneh, M.R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G.S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K.R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B.H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H.K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J.S. (Janne), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topór-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M.J., Tornaritis, M.J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O.T.H. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M.K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H., Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), Dam, R.M. (Rob) van, Schouw, Y.T. (Yvonne) van der, Van Herck, K. (Koen), Van Minh, H. (Hoang), Rossem, L. (Lenie) van, Schoor, N.M. (Natasja) van, Valkengoed, I. (Irene) van, Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Pérez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S.K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernández, S.J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Verschuren, W.M.M. (W. M. Monique), Victora, C.G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J.K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A.N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W.M.W. (Wan Mohamad Wan), Mohamud, W.N.W. (Wan Nazaimoon Wan), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y.X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S.G. (Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P.H. (Peter), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I.S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A.H. (Alet), Wilks, R.J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R.A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F.C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T.P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P.K. (P.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N.O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A.F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A.A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S.R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M.R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), Zaw, K.K. (Ko Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (T.), Vrkic, T.Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J.Z. (Julio Zuñiga), Gregg, E.W. (Edward W.), and Ezzati, M. (Majid)
- Abstract
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiov
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Apoptosis of ejaculated human sperm is induced by co-incubation with Chlamydia trachomatis lipopolysaccharide
- Author
-
Eley, A., Hosseinzadeh, S., Hakimi, H., Geary, I., and Pacey, A.A.
- Published
- 2005
11. The effects of lipopolysaccharide on human spermatozoa
- Author
-
Eley, A., Hakimi, H., Hosseinzadeh, S., Geary, I., and Pacey, A.
- Published
- 2003
12. EFEKTIFITAS MODIFIKASI MODERN DRESSING DAN TERAPI OZON TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PADA PASIEN DENGAN PRESSURE ULCER DI WOCARE CLINIC BOGOR
- Author
-
Nurmalya Megawati, Vonny, primary, Hakimi, H. Muhammad, additional, and Sumaryani, Sri, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Association of cord blood levels of IL-17A, but not TGF-β with pre-term neonate
- Author
-
Mobini, M., Mirzaie, S., Khorramdelazad, H., Zainodini, N., Sabzali, Z., Ghyasi, M., Mokhtari, M., Bahramabadi, R., Hakimi, H., khodayar ghorban, Dadmanesh, M., Ehsani, V., and Arababadi, M. K.
- Subjects
TGF-β ,lcsh:QH471-489 ,Pregnancy ,IL-17A ,lcsh:Reproduction ,Original Article ,lcsh:Gynecology and obstetrics ,Pre-term delivery ,lcsh:RG1-991 - Abstract
Background: It has been documented that cytokines play important roles in the induction of normal functions of the placenta. It has been hypothesized that abnormal expression of the cytokines may be associated with unsuccessful pregnancy. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and tumor growth factor (TGF-β) in pre-term, term neonates, and their corresponding mothers. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 100 term and 60 pre-term neonates, and also on their corresponded mothers. Serum levels of IL-17A and TGF-β were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Our results revealed that the serum levels of IL-17A were significantly decreased in pre-term neonates in comparison to full-term neonates. However, the serum levels of IL-17A in the mothers either with pre-term or full-term neonates were not different. Also the serum levels of TGF-β were not changed in pre-term neonates and their mothers when compared with full-term neonates and their mothers, respectively. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that IL-17A may play crucial roles in induction of normal pregnancies and also probably participates in normal growth of fetus.
- Published
- 2015
14. S13 Differential expression of CXC chemokines CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL12 in semen and serum of infertile and fertile men
- Author
-
Abedinzadeh, M., Amin, M., Abedinizadeh, M., Fatehi, F., Assar, S., Khorramdelazad, H., Hakimi, H., Ghalebi, S.R., Kazemi, M. Arababadi, Shabani, Z., Hassanshahi, G., and Moslemi, M.K.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Miniaturised equal/unequal SIW power divider with bandpass response loaded by CSRRs
- Author
-
Danaeian, M., primary, Moznebi, A.‐R., additional, Afrooz, K., additional, and Hakimi, H., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Evaluation of IFN-γ Serum Level in Nephropatic Type 2 Diabetic Patients
- Author
-
Nosratabad, Reza, primary, Arababadi, M.K., additional, Hassanshah, G., additional, Yaghini, N., additional, Pooladvand, V., additional, Shamsizade, Ali, additional, Zarandi, E.R., additional, and Hakimi, H., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. New side coupling method for double-clad fiber amplifiers
- Author
-
Hakimi, F., primary and Hakimi, H., additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. An ultrafast variable optical delay technique
- Author
-
Hall, K.L., primary, Moriarty, D.T., additional, Hakimi, H., additional, Hakimi, F., additional, Robinson, B.S., additional, and Rauschenbach, K.A., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. An ultrafast wavelength conversion using temporal gratings
- Author
-
Hakimi, H., primary and Hakimi, F., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A new wide-band pulse-restoration technique for digital fiber-optic communication systems using temporal gratings
- Author
-
Hakimi, H., primary, Hakimi, F., additional, Hall, K.L., additional, and Rauschenbach, K.A., additional
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Iranian Dental Students' Knowledge of and Attitudes Towards HIV/AIDS Patients.
- Author
-
Sadeghi M and Hakimi H
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Puberty onset in rural and urban children
- Author
-
Hariadi Edi Saputra, Hakimi Hakimi, Melda Deliana, Siska Mayasari Lubis, and Karina Sugih Arto
- Subjects
pubertal onset ,children ,urban ,rural ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Accelerated pubertal onset has been reported in recent years. Environmental factors are assumed to influence this condition. Objective To assess differences in pubertal onset between children in rural and urban areas, as well as to evaluate body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status that affect pubertal onset. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2010 at junior high schools in Mandailing Natal and Medan, North Sumatera. Data were collected with purposive sampling of children aged 8 to 13 years. Sexual maturity was assessed by Tanner stage and risk factors was determined by questionnaires. The comparison between pubertal onset in rural and urban areas was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test. The relationships between nutritional status, socioeconomic status, sexual maturity, and pubertal onset were assessed by Spearman’s correlation. Results Eighty-four subjects (38 boys and 46 girls) from a rural area and 87 subjects (40 boys and 47 girls) from an urban area participated in this study. There were significant differences in mean pubertal age of onset between subjects living in rural vs. urban areas, for both girls and boys [girls: 10.2 vs. 9.5 years, respectively (P=0.008); boys: 11.7 vs. 10.1 years, respectively, (P=0.001)]. We found weak negative correlations between BMI and pubertal onset in boys (r=-0.246; P=0.03) and in girls (r=-0.548; P=0.001). We also found weak negative correlations between socioeconomic status and pubertal onset in boys (r=-0.406; P=0.0001) and in girls (r=-0.575; P=0.001). Conclusion Pubertal onset is faster in girls and boys who lived in an urban area. There are negative correlations between BMI and socioeconomic status with pubertal onset.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Nutritional status of underfive children of less privileged families in Medan
- Author
-
Indra B. Hutagalung, Bangun Lubis, Ridwanto Ridwanto, Hakimi Hakimi, and Endang D. Hamid
- Subjects
under five childreh ,nutritional status ,less previleged families n ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
A cross sectional study was done on 94 under five children taken from Keluarga Pra-sejahtera (pre-prosperous family=-pre-PF) and Keluarga Sejahtera Tahap-1 (prosperous family phase-I=PF-I) in the East Medan subdistrict, municipality of Medan in period of August 1995 up to February 1996. The aim of the study was to measure nutritional status of under five children in both groups. There were 94 under five children in group of ore-PF and 94 under five children in group of PF-l. It was found that the nutritional status of both groups was significantly different. Significant difference was also noted when they were classified according to father's occupational status and father's education level. However when they were grouped according to maternal education, number of children in the family, and occurrence of disease in the previous month no significant difference was detected.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Comparison of SpO2/FiO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ratios as markers of acute lung injury
- Author
-
Dewi Shandi Laila, Chairul Yoel, Hakimi Hakimi, and Munar Lubis
- Subjects
acute lung injury ,children ,S/F ratio ,P/F ratio ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background One of the diagnostic criteria for acute lung injury (ALI) is the PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) ratio. This measurement is obtained by blood gas analysis, which involves an invasive procedure (arterial blood draw). In order to reduce invasive procedures on critically ill patients, an alternative non-invasive marker for ALI is needed. The SpO2/FiO2 (S/F) ratio attained by pulse oximetry may be a suitable alternative. Objective To investigate for a correlation between S/F ratio and P/F ratio, in order to find an alternative non-invasive marker of ALI. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from August 2012 to June 2013. Subjects (children aged 1 month – 18 years) underwent blood gas analysis when their pulse oximetry showed saturation of 80-97% within 24 hours of ventilator use. We measured PaO2, SpO2, and FiO2 and calculated S/F and P/F ratios. Data were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation and linear regression tests. Results Of 69 PICU patients, 39 children fulfilled the criteria for ALI. The S/F ratio and P/F ratio had a weak correlation (r=0.2; P=0.18). The linear regression equation was S/F ratio = 129.67 + 0.11 (P/F), with S/F ratio values of 162.67 and 151.67 correlating to P/F ratio values of 300 and 200, respectively. Conclusion The S/F ratio has a weak correlation with P/F ratio for ALI in children.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Effectiveness of amitriptyline for treating functional dyspepsia in adolescents
- Author
-
Indra Mustawa, Supriatmo Supriatmo, Hakimi Hakimi, and Atan Baas Sinuhaji
- Subjects
amitriptyline ,functional dyspepsia ,adolescent ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Functional dyspepsia is common among adolescents. Pain reduces children’s quality of life, psychosocial functioning, and school attendance. Amitriptyline is assumed to be one of the alternative treatments in functional dyspepsia. Objective To investigate the effectiveness of amytriptyline as a treatment for functional dyspepsia in adolescents. Methods We conducted a randomized, single-blind, controlled trial from January to March 2011 in junior and senior high school students in Dobo City, Aru Island District, Maluku Province. Adolescents suffering from functional dyspepsia and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were eligible for the study. Subjects were randomized into two groups. Each group received 10 mg (for body weight < 35 kg) or 20 mg (for body weight ≥ 35 kg) amitriptyline or placebo once per day for 28 days. Pain frequency was measured in terms of abdominal pain episodes per month, and duration was measured in minutes. Data were analyzed using t-test. Results Eighty-eight students participated in this study: the amitriptyline group (43 subjects) and the placebo group (45 subjects). There were no statistically significant differences between the amitriptyline and placebo groups in frequency (P=0.777; 95%CI -0.846 to 1.129) or duration (P=0.728) of abdominal pain after treatment. Conclusion Amitriptyline is not more effective than placebo for treating functional dyspepsia in adolescents.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Ukuran Besar Testis Anak Laki-laki pada Saat Awitan Pubertas
- Author
-
Hakimi Hakimi, Charles D. Siregar, Melda Deliana, and Lily Rahmawati
- Subjects
ukuran testis ,awitan pubertas ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Latar belakang: data memperlihatkan terjadi perubahan usia awitan pubertas pada anak laki-laki dalam beberapa dekade belakangan ini. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan adanya perbaikan kondisi sosioekonomi, status gizi, kesehatan umum dalam jangka waktu tertentu tersebut. Perubahan tersebut mungkin juga mempengaruhi ukuran testis pada saat awitan pubertas anak laki-laki. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran besar testis anak laki-laki pada saat awitan pubertas. Metoda: penelitian cross sectional pada anak laki-laki di beberapa sekolah SD/ SLTP, dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2004 di kota Medan. Sampel penelitian diambil secara systematic random sampling. Pemeriksaan ukuran testis dilakukan dengan cara orkidometer Prader. Hasil: diperoleh jumlah subjek 122 orang anak, besar testis anak laki-laki pada saat awitan pubertas dimulai pada ukuran nomor 4 sampai 12. Dijumpai besar testis terbanyak pada ukuran nomor 8 (37,3%) dan 12 (1,6%). Kelompok umur 9-10 tahun memulai awitan pubertas pada ukuran testis nomor 4, umur 11-12 tahun pada nomor 5, dan umur 13-14 tahun memulai pada nomor 6. Pada anak dengan obesitas memulai awitan pubertas pada ukuran testis nomor 5, status gizi lebih pada nomor 6, status gizi baik, sedang, kurang dan buruk masing-masing pada nomor 4. Kesimpulan: besar testis anak laki-laki pada saat awitan pubertas dimulai ukuran nomor 4 sampai 12, dan besar testis terbanyak sesuai ukuran orkidometer Prader nomor 8. Kelompok umur yang lebih tua dan status gizi lebih baik memulai awitan pubertas pada ukuran testis lebih besar.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Gambaran Kunjungan Pasien Rawat Jalan Endokrinologi Anak dan Remaja FK USU / RS. H. Adam Malik Medan, Tahun 2000-2004
- Author
-
Melda Deliana, Hakimi Hakimi, and Siregar CD
- Subjects
nefritis lupus ,perdarahan intrakranial ,hipertensi ,vaskulitis ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Latar belakang. Masyarakat banyak yang tidak mengetahui bahwa kelainan endokrin pada anak membutuhkan penanganan yang khusus dari ahli endokrinologi anak. Tujuan penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kunjungan pasien endokrinologi anak dan remaja di RS H.Adam Malik Medan tahun 2000-2004. Metoda. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif retrospektif. Data diperoleh dari catatan rekam medik pasien yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Endokrinologi Anak dan Remaja FKUSU/RS. H. Adam Malik Medan dalam kurun waktu Januari 2000-Desember 2004. Hasil. Terdapat 93 pasien yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Endokrinologi Anak dan Remaja, 33 anak perempuan (35%) dan 60 anak laki-laki(65%). Sebaran umur pada saat datang pertama kali adalah 33 anak (35%) berusia 0-5 tahun, 25 anak (27%) berusia > 5-10 tahun, 25 anak (27) % > 10-15 tahun, dan 10 anak (11%) berusia >15 tahun. Keluhan utama yang paling sering muncul pada saat pasien datang berobat pertama kali adalah alat kelamin laki-laki kecil 15 kasus (16%) dan buah zakar tidak turun 15 kasus (16%), keluhan anak pendek 13 kasus (14%), benjolan di leher 12 kasus (13 %). Diagnosis yang dijumpai adalah kriptorkismus (20%), mikropenis (16%) dan hipotiroidisme kongenital (13%). Status gizi berdasarkan NCHS WHO 2000 pada pasien yang berkunjung terutama gizi baik, terdapat pada 22 kasus (23,6%). Kesimpulan. Kasus terbanyak berkunjung ke Poliklinik Endokrinologi Anak dan Remaja adalah kriptorkismus (20%), mikropenis (16%) dan hipotiroidisme kongenital (13%). Diduga masih banyak kasus endokrinologi anak dan remaja yang tidak ditangani oleh ahli endokrinologi anak secara komprehensif oleh karena kemungkinan banyak kasus yang tidak dirujuk.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Perbedaan Awitan Pubertas pada Anak Perempuan di Perkotaan dan Pedesaan
- Author
-
Syamsul Azwar, Rita E. Rusli, Khainir Akbar, Charles D. Siregar, and Hakimi Hakimi
- Subjects
pubertas ,skala tanner ,tingkat maturitas kelamin (TMK) ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Rerata awitan pubertas pada anak perempuan terjadi pada usia 11 tahun dengan rentang usia antara 8-13 tahun. Awitan pubertas didapati berbeda pada anak perempuan yang tinggal di perkotaan dan pedesaan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata awitan pubertas pada anak perempuan perkotaan dan pedesaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara cross sectional study pada murid perempuan Sekolah Dasar Al-Azhar Kotamadya Medan (perkotaan) dan murid Sekolah Dasar Negeri Nomor 050577 Binjai (pedesaan). Dilakukan pemeriksaan tingkat perkembangan payudara pada kedua subyek berdasarkan skala Tanner. Analisis statistik menggunakan Student t-test dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Diantara sampel pada 99 anak, awitan pubertas pada anak perempuan perkotaan pada usia 8, 9, 10, 11, dan 12 tahun berturut turut 12,1%; 23,2%; 33,3%; 27,3%; dan 4,0% dengan rentang usia 8-12 tahun. Pada anak perempuan pedesaan pubertas didapatkan pada usia 9, 10, 11, 12, dan 14 tahun berturut-turut 1,0%; 13,1%; 30,3%; 29,3%; dan 7,1% dengan rentang usia 9 – 14 tahun. Rerata usia awitan pubertas pada anak perempuan perkotaan 9,88 + 1,07 dan pada anak perempuan pedesaan 11,74 + 1,16 tahun. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara rerata awitan pubertas anak perempuan perkotaan dan pedesaan, demikian pula antara status gizi antara anak perempuan perkotaan dan pedesaan. Kesimpulan, awitan pubertas lebih cepat dialami anak perkotaan dibanding anak perempuan pedesaan.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Pertumbuhan Fisik Anak Obesitas
- Author
-
Dini Lailani and Hakimi Hakimi
- Subjects
pertumbuhan fisik ,hormon pertumbuhan ,insulin-like growth factors ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Anak yang mengalami obesitas pada usia pra pubertas memiliki tinggi badan di atas rata-rata anak seusianya. Penelitian mengenai hal ini menunjukkan bahwa anak mengalami masa pacu tumbuh yang lebih awal namun saat proses pertumbuhan hampir selesai kecepatan tersebut akan berkurang relatif dibandingkan anak normal, sehingga tinggi badan akhir anak saat dewasa tetap sama dengan rata-rata tinggi badan orang tuanya atau bahkan lebih pendek bila dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak mengalami obesitas pada masa pertumbuhannya. Dijumpai abnormalitas pada hormon yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan linier pada anak yang mengalami obesitas yaitu pada aksis GHIGF, hormon seks steroid, dan glukokortikoid.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Prevalensi Mikropenis pada Murid Taman Kanak - Kanak
- Author
-
Hakimi Hakimi, Charles Darwin Siregar, and Melda Deliana
- Subjects
mikropenis ,hormonal ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Penis kecil yang sering dikeluhkan orang tua pada umumnya mengenai ukuran panjangnya. Sebenarnya selain dimensi panjang penis, diameter maupun konsistensi penis perlu diperhatikan juga apakah normal atau tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran penis anak usia 2-6 tahun di Kelompok Bermain dan Taman Kanakkanak. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kunjungan pada empat Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) di Kota Madya Medan yaitu TK Harapan, TK Al-Azhar, TK Al-Ikhsan, dan TK Yayasan Pendidikan Shafiyyatul Amaliyyah (YPSA) pada tanggal 16–19 Oktober 2004. Responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 107 anak berusia 2- 6 tahun. Diagnosis mikropenis ditegakkan bila ukuran panjang penis kurang dari -2,5 SD untuk usia tanpa disertai kelainan anatomis penis sedangkan small penis adalah bila ukuran panjang penis berada di antara nilai rerata dan -2,5 SD. Dijumpai 9 anak dengan gizi lebih (>NCHS), 2 anak obesitas (IMT>P95) , 7 anak gizi baik (P3- NCHS) dan 91 anak gizi kurang (NCHS), 3 anak perawakan pendek (
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Obesity among children aged 10-13 years in public and private elementary schools
- Author
-
Evi Kamelia, Nurdiani Nurdiani, Tiansa Sembiring, Hakimi Hakimi, and Iskandar Z Lubis
- Subjects
obesity ,prevalence ,public school ,private school ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background In the last few years, the prevalence of obesity among Indonesian children has been beginning to increase slowly, but studies and publications about obesity are limited. In accordance with the improvement of social economic and child health, obesity can be seen more frequently as a problem in children. Objective To evaluate and compare the prevalence and related factors of obesity among children 10-13 year-old who were stu- dents of two kinds of school, namely public and private elementary school. Methods A cross sectional study was done from October until December 1995 on 276 elementary school students aged 10-13 years consisting of 138 public and 138 private elementary school students. Data were collected by a questionnaire including anam- nesis of family history and type of daily diet, physical examination, and anthropometric measurement. Results The prevalence of obesity among children in the public and private elementary schools was 9% and 20% respectively, which showed a significant difference (p
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Procalcitonin as a diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis
- Author
-
Nely Nelly, Guslihan Dasa Tjipta, Hakimi Hakimi, and Bugis Mardina Lubis
- Subjects
neonatal sepsis ,procalcitonin ,diagnostic tool ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Bacterial sepsis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can reduce the mortality rate. Blood culture is the gold standard for diagnosis of bacterial sepsis, but it requires 3-5 days for results. Since the disease may progress rapidly in neonates, a faster diagnostic test is needed. Measurement of procalcitonin levels may be a quick method to diagnose bacterial sepsis in neonates. Some studies found the sensitivity of procalcitonin to be between 92-100%. Objective To assess the use of procalcitonin as an early diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis. Methods This diagnostic study was conducted from October 2011 to February 2012. Forty-three neonates in the Perinatology Unit at H. Adam Malik Hospital were suspected to have bacterial sepsis. They underwent routine blood counts, blood cultures, as well as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin measurements. Subjects were collected by consecutive sampling. The gold standard of sepsis was based on any microorganism found in blood culture. Results Of 43 neonates, 36 neonates had bacterial sepsis. We found that procalcitonin sensitivity was 100%, specificity 85.71%, positive predictive value 97.29% and negative predictive value 100%. The ROC curve showed a cut-off point of 0.929 (95%CI 0.713 to 0.953). Conclusion Procalcitonin is useful as an early diagnostic tool for bacterial neonatal sepsis.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Quality of life in children with cancer and their normal siblings
- Author
-
Hilda Hilda, Bidasari Lubis, Hakimi Hakimi, and Olga Rasiyanti Siregar
- Subjects
child cancer ,quality of life ,Peds-QL ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Cancer treatment in children influences the quality of life of patients and their families. The Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) inventory is a questionnaire to assess quality of life of the healthy and ill children. Objective To compare quality of life in children with cancer and their normal siblings, and to compare quality of life in those with hematologic malignancies to those with solid tumors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5-to-18- year-olds at the Hematology-Oncology Division at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, from May to July 2012. The case group (subjects with cancer) filled the PedsQL 3.0 and 4.0 questionnaires, while the control group (normal siblings) filled only the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire. Independent T-test was used to compare the quality of life between children with cancer and their normal siblings. Results There were 46 children in each group. The PedsQL 4.0 results in children with cancer and their normal siblings, and PedsQL 3.0 between hematology malignant and solid cancer were as follows: physical function 36.9 vs. 80.7, respectively (95%CI of differences -52.639 to -34.990; P= 0.0001), emotional function 40.4 vs. 69.3, respectively (95%CI of differences -35.912 to -21.914; P=0.0001), social function 71.5 vs. 93.9, respectively (95%CI of differences - 29.238 to -15.587; P=0.0001), school function 20.7 vs. 74.2, respectively (95%CI of differences - 62.124 to -44.832; P=0.0001), and total score 42.1 vs. 79.3, respectively (95%CI of differences - 43.066 to -31.344; P=0.0001). School function was the most affected parameter in children with cancer compared to their normal siblings. Conclusion There is a significant difference in quality of life between children with cancer and their normal siblings, for all four parameters examined by the PedsQL inventory. However, there are no significant differences in quality of life between children with hematologic malignancy and those with solid cancer.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Functional constipation and posture in defecation
- Author
-
Fahrul Azmi Tanjung, Supriatmo Supriatmo, Atan Baas Sinuhaji, and Hakimi Hakimi
- Subjects
posture, defecation, functional constipation, children. ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Functional constipation is often a consequence of habitual bowel elimination while sitting on common toilet seats. A considerable proportion of the population with n ormal bowel movement frequency has difficulty emptying their bowels. The principal cause of this problem may be the obstructive nature of the rectoanal angle and its relationship to the posture normally used in defecation. Objective To assess the relationship between functional constipation with the posture (sitting vs squatting) during defecation in children. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in November 2010. Participants aged 12- 15 years were selected consecutively from a junior high school in Medan . Parents and children filled questionnaires and were interviewed. Functional constipation was assessed based on the Rome III criteria. Results Sixty-five students enrolled in the study. There was no statistically significant diffe rences in subjects' characteristics. T here was a significant correlation between functional constipation with posture during defecation in children (RR= 0.06, 95%CI 0.02 to 0.25; P=0.0001). Functional constipation was more likely occured in children with sitting (12/20) th an squatting posture (4/45) during defecation. Conclusion We found th at posture in defecation is correlated to functional con stipation in children.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Body mass index and age of menarche in young girls
- Author
-
Dina Olivia, Melda Deliana, Supriatmo Supriatmo, Hakimi Hakimi, and Siska Mayasari Lubis
- Subjects
BMI ,menarche ,young girl ,puberty ,nutritional status ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Currently the age at onset of menarche is earlier than in the past. Nutritional status has an important role in the onset of menarche. Past studies have shO\vn an association between body mass index (BMI) in young girls and earlier onset of menarche. Objective To assess an association between BMI and age at onset of menarche. Methods This crosssectional study was conducted in young girls aged 10 to 15 years from Immanuel Elementary and Junior High School, Medan in June 2010. We used purposive sampling to recruit subjects. After subjects underwent height and weight measurements, we calculated their BMIs. The association between BMI and initial age of menarche was assessed by Chi square test (P 95th percentile ofBMI (obese). All obese subjects had an earlier onset of menarche at ages 1O 11 years, compared to that of nonobese subjects (P=O.OOOl). Conclusion Young girls v.ith BMI > 95th percentile had an earlier age at onset of menarche than young girls v.ith lower BMls. [Paediatr lndanes. 2012,52:309-12].
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The relationship of body mass index to penile length and testicular volume in adolescent boys
- Author
-
Rizky Adriansyah, Muhammad Ali, Hakimi Hakimi, Melda Deliana, and Siska Mayasari Lubis
- Subjects
body mass index ,penile length ,testicular volume ,adolescent boys ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that obesity may be related to early onset of puberty in girls. However, few studies have found a link between body mass index (BMI) and puberty onset in boys. More study is needed to assess the relationship of BMI to penile length and testicular volume. Objective To investigate the relationship ofBMI to penile length and testicular volume in adolescent boys. Methods A crosssectional study was carried out on adolescent boys aged 9 to 14 years in Secanggang District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatera Province in August 2009. Subjects' BMIs were calculated by dividing body weight (BW) in kilograms by body height (BH) in meters squared. Penile length (em) was measured with a spatula. We took the average of three measurements from the symphysis pubis to the tip of the glans penis. Testicular volume (mL) was estimated by palpation using an orchidometer. Pearson's correlation test (r) was used to assess the relationship of BMI to penile length and BMI to testicular volume. Resu lts There were 108 participants, consisting of 64 primary school students and 44 junior high school students. Subjects' mean age was 11.7 (SO 1.62) years; mean BW was 35.2 (SO 8.48) kg; mean BH was 1.4 (SO 0.11) m; mean BMI was 17.5 (SO 2.34) kg/m'; mean penile length was 4.5 (SO 1.25) cm; and mean testicular volume was 3.6 (SD 1.20) mL. We found no significant association between BMI and penile length (r-0.25, P0.06), nor between BMI and testicular volume (r-O.21; PO.09). Conclusion T here was no significant relationship ofBMI to penile length nor BMI to testicular volume in adolescent boys. [Paediatr lndanes. 2012;52:267-71].
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Riboflavin as migraine prophylaxis in adolescents
- Author
-
Athaillah Athaillah, Yazid Dimyati, Johannes H. Saing, Bistok Saing, Hakimi Hakimi, and Aznan Lelo
- Subjects
riboflavin ,preventive ,migraine ,adolescents ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Migraine is a cause of recurrent headaches in children. Riboflavin has been sho\Vll to be efficacious in preventing migraine in adults. However, there has been little research on its use in children and adolescents. Objective To assess the effectiveness of riboflavin for migraine prevention in adolescents. Methods We conducted a randomized, doubleblind, controlled trial in the Islamic Centre of the Musthafav.iyah Mandailing Natal District, North Sumatera, from May to July 2010. Adolescents \\lith migraines, as defined criteria, were included. Subjects were divided into two groups, receiving either 400 mg of riboflavin or placebo for 3 months. Headache frequency was measured in headache days per month, headache duration was measured in hours, and functional disability was measured using the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (PedMIDAS). Migraines were assessed before, during and after intervention. Student's ttest was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 98 patients, ranging from 12 to 19 years in age (mean age 14.0 years) were enrolled. We found a significant reduction in headache frequency in the second and third months. Headache duration also differed significantly third months (P=0.012 and P=O.OOl, respectively). Riboflavin decreased disability, as indicated by lower PedMIDAS scores in the riboflavin group compared to the placebo group (26.1 and 34.3, respectively, P= 0.001). Conclusion Riboflavin effectively decreased migraine frequency, duration and disability in adolescents. [Paediatr Indones. 2012;52:132-7].
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. School performance in pubertal adolescents with dysmenorrhea
- Author
-
Syamsir Alam, Hakimi Hakimi, Tiangsa Sembiring, Melda Deliana, and Siska Mayasari Lubis
- Subjects
dysmenorrhea ,school performance ,pubertal adolescents ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological symptom reported in adolescent girls. Prevalence of the condition has been reported to be 45 - 75%. Absenteeism from work and school as a result of dysmenorrhea is common (13 - 51% of women have been absent at least once, and 5 - 14% are often absent due to the severity of symptoms). Objective To compare school performance in pubertal adolescent girls with and without dysmenorrhea. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2010 in adolescent females aged 12 - 18 years from the Musthafawiyah School, Mandailing Natal district, North Sumatera. Adolescent females with and without dysmenorrhea were recruited for this study. All participants completed questionnaires including age of menarche, length of menstrual cycle, length of bleeding, number of sanitary napkins used daily and school absences. School reports from two consecutive semesters in one year were used to evaluate subjects’ academic performance. An academic score of higher than 7.5 was considered good performance while scores of less than 7.5 were considered poor. We used the chi-square test to analyze differences in school performance between girls with and without dysmenorrhea. Results One hundred and sixteen participants were divided into 2 groups, those with and without dysmenorrhea, of 58 subjects each. We found no significant difference in school performance between the two groups, P=0.176 (95% CI -0.009 to -0.048 and P=0.08 (95%CI -0.052 to 0.024). Conclusion There was no significant difference in school performance of girls with and without dysmenorrhea.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Effect of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy on T3, T 4 and TSH levels in newborns
- Author
-
Suratmin Suratmin, Siska Mayasari Lubis, Melda Deliana, and Hakimi Hakimi
- Subjects
iron deficiency anemia ,pregnancy ,thyroid hormone ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants is associated v.ith maternal iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. Infants from anemic mothers often have lower hemoglobin levels than those from nonanemic mothers. S everal studies have suggested that IDA in infants can impair thyroid peroxidase (TPO) enzyme which is required to produce thyroid hormones. Objective To detennine the effects of IDA during pregnancy on T3, T4, and TSH levels in newborns. Methods We conducted a crosssectional study from September to December 2010 in two hospitals. Mothers' blood specimens were examined for IDA. Newborns' hematocrit, hemoglobin, ferritin, T3, T4, and TSH levels were measured in umbilical vein blood specimens taken at 24 hours of life. Results Mean T3, T4, and TSH levels of 40 newborns whose mothers suffered from IDA were 2.2 nmollL (SD 1.19), 8.4 ug/dL (SD 6.12), and 15.3 mIU/mL (SD 3.99), respectively. There was no significant relationship between maternal IDA during pregnancy and infant T3 and TSH levels (P=0.96, P=0.29, respectively ). However, maternal IDA significantly correlated 'With infant T4 levels. Conclusion There was no significant relationship between maternal IDA during pregnancy and levels of T3 and TSH in newborns. However, maternal IDA significantly correlated with lower infant T4 levels.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effectiveness of vitamin E as a treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in pubertal adolescents
- Author
-
Wagito Wagito, Siska Mayasari Lubis, Melda Deliana, and Hakimi Hakimi
- Subjects
vitamin E ,primary dysmenorrhea ,pubertal adolescent ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Primary dysmenorrhea is a common complaint among adolescents. Absenteeism from work and school are associated with the severity of symptoms. Vitamin E is an alternative treatment for primary dysmenorrhea. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E as a treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial from August to October 2009. We included female adolescents 'With primary dysmenorrhea in this study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups by simple randomization. Each group received either 200 units of vitamin E or a placebo twice daily, beginning two days before menstruation and continuing until the third day of menstruation. Treatment was repeated for three menstrual cycles. Subjects recorded the severity and duration of pain in a daily diary. Data was analyzed using Chisquare, MannW hitney Utest, and independent T-test. Results One hundredsixteen primary dysmenorrhea subjects enrolled in our study. By simple randomization, they were divided into two groups of 58 subjects each. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the severity and duration of pain before the start of treatment and after 1 month of treatment. After treatment for 2 months and 3 months, there were statistically significant differences in pain severity (P=0.013, 95%CI -0.54 to -0.11; and P=0.0001, 95%CI -0.67 to -0.26, respectively) and pain duration (P=0.025, 95%CI -0.65 to -0.07 and P=0.007, 95%CI -0.75 to -0.12, respectively) between the 2 groups. Conclusion Vitamin E was effective in treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in pubertal adolescents after 2 and 3 months of treatment.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Growth velocity in elementary school children with iron deficiency anemia after iron therapy
- Author
-
Dina Lyfia, Melda Deliana, Hakimi Hakimi, Nelly Rosdiana, and Bidasari Lubis
- Subjects
body height ,growth velocity ,iron deficiency anemia ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background Iron supplementation in children with iron deficiency anemia could decrease the incidence of stunting. Objective To study the effect of iron therapy on growth velocity in children with iron deficiency anemia. Methods A randomized clinical trial study was conducted at Labuhan Batu on November 2006 to May 2007. Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed if there were anemia, with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration 220, and Mentzer index> 13. Elementary school children (6-12 year old) with iron deficiency anemia were randomly assigned either to iron therapy group (children were given 6 mg iron/kg/day) or to placebo group for 3 months. Results Among 300 children recruited, there were 125 children, who suffered from iron deficiency anemia. After one month of iron therapy, means of hemoglobin concentration were 12.4 g/dl in iron group and 11.7 g/dl in placebo group. There was a significant increase of height in iron group (129.9 (SD 7.58) em vs. 132.2 (SD 7.23) em) and in placebo (130.8 (SD 8.78) em vs. 128.7 (SD 8. 79) em), However, no significant difference was found in the mean of growth velocity between placebo and iron groups (2.1 (SD 0.01) em vs. 2.0 (SD 0.9) em. Conclusion There is a significant increase in height, but no significant difference between both groups in growth velocity.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Apoptotic effect on HeLa Cells produced by Chlamydia trachomatis-LPS
- Author
-
Millán-Mendoza Beatriz, Hakimi Hamid, and Eley, Adrian
- Subjects
Chlamydia trachomatis ,LPS ,apoptosis ,nuclear supravital fluorescent stain ,Apoptosis ,Coloración nuclear supravital fluorescente ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract: The interaction between the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Chlamydia trachomatis and mammalian cells is still largely unknown. Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium responsible for several diseases in humans and animals. In this work, thanks to the isolation of the lipopolysaccharide from two serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis (LGV1-LGV2) and using a nuclear supravital fluorescent stain (Hoechst 33258), it was possible to investigate the apoptotic effect on HeLa cells. This work shows the apoptotic effect on HeLa cells when they were exposed to C. trachomatis-LPS from two serovars at concentrations equal to or higher than 0.5 µg/mL for a period of 48h. and also the lack of cellular response in the absence of C. trachomatis-LPS or in the presence of LPS obtained from other bacteria. Additionally, the use in equal conditions of polymyxin B, known as an inhibitor of bacterial LPS, showed a decrease of the apoptotic effect in such cells indicating that the cellular response observed was produced by C. trachomatis-LPS. These results support the theory that the LPS from C. trachomatis could be responsible for the toxic effect on cervical cells infected by these bacteria. Resumen: La interacción entre el lipopolisacárido (LPS) de Chlamydia trachomatis y las células de mamíferos permanece sin ser dilucidado. Chlamydia trachomatis es una bacteria intracelular responsable de diversas enfermedades en los humanos y animales. En este trabajo mediante el aislamiento del lipopolisacárido de dos serovares de Chlamydia trachomatis (LGV1-LGV2) y usando una coloración Supravital fluorescente (Hoechst 33258) fue posible investigar la respuesta de las células HeLa. El efecto apoptótico que sufren este tipo de células fue visible cuando fueron expuestas a dicho LPS en concentraciones iguales o mayores que 0,5 µg/mL por un periodo de 48 horas, sin embargo, se observó la falta de respuesta celular en su ausencia o en presencia de LPS de otras bacterias. Adicional mente, el uso en iguales condiciones de polimixina B conocido como un neutralizador de la acción del LPS demostró una disminución del efecto apoptótico en dichas células, indicando que la respuesta celular observada fue producida por C. trachomatis-LPS. Los resultados de este trabajo le dan fuerza a la teoría de que el LPS de C. trachomatis pudiera ser el responsable del efecto tóxico que se observa sobre las células cervicales infectadas con esta bacteria intracelular.
- Published
- 2007
43. Prevalence of hepatitis B co-infection among HIV positive patients: Narrative review article
- Author
-
Azade Askari, Hakimi, H., Nasiri Ahmadabadi, B., Hassanshahi, G., and Kazemi Arababadi, M.
- Subjects
Chronic hepatitis B infection ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,HIV ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Review Article ,Co-infection - Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent viral infection and is among the leading causes of human liver diseases. Nearly 360 millions of people are world widely infected with prolonged forms of hepatitis B including active and inactive chronic forms. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients suffering from congenital and/or acquired immunodeficiency and also following immunosuppressive therapy. The target cell of human acquired immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is CD4 positive T cells. These cells play central role(s) in both cellular and humoral immunity so that the HIV attack of CD4 positive T cells causes suppression of both cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. One of the frequent complications in HIV positive patients is HBV co-infection and as a result, the co-transmission of these viral diseases is common. Due to the paramount importance of the co-infection of HBV and HIV, it is noteworthy to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B in these patients for planning of an effective therapeutic strategy. Based on these considerations, the main aim of this review article was to collect and analyze the recent and relevant studies regarding the prevalence rate of hepatitis B co-infection among HIV positive patients world widely.
44. The PERSIAN Cohort: Providing the Evidence Needed for Healthcare Reform
- Author
-
Eghtesad S, Mohammadi Z, Shayanrad A, Faramarzi E, Joukar F, Hamzeh B, Farjam M, Mj, Zare Sakhvidi, Miri-Monjar M, mahmood moosazadeh, Hakimi H, and Malekzadeh R
45. Polymorphisms within Exon 9, But Not Intron 8, of the Vitamin D Receptor Gene Are Associated with Asthma
- Author
-
Arababadi, M. K., Abousaidi, H., Hassanshahi, G., Pourfathollah, A. A., Saeed Daneshmandi, Akbarpour, V., Hakimi, H., and Kennedy, D.
- Subjects
lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Polymorphism ,Asthma ,VDR - Abstract
Objective(s)Deregulation of the immune system through allied factors and cytokine responses are thought to be important contributors to the pathogenesis of asthma. Vitamin D3 and its nuclear receptor appear to be factors that maybe involved in regulating immune responses during the progression of asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in intron 8 and exon 9 of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and this disease.Materials and MethodsThis study was performed on 100 asthmatic patients and 100 healthy controls. PCR-RFLP was performed to examine polymorphisms in intron 8 and exon 9 of VDR gene. ResultsOur results showed a statistically significant difference in the Taq-1 evaluated genotypes of exon 9 of the VDR gene when comparing healthy patients to asthmatic patients. ConclusionBased on our results, it can be concluded that VDR and its functional polymorphisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.
46. Distribution of the volatile organic pollutants in ambient air of the sar-cheshmeh copper complex unit
- Author
-
Javad Vatani, Faghihi, A., Bahrami, A., Akhgar, M., Hakimi, H., and Esmaeilzadeh, E.
47. Effectiveness of microcredit program and determinants of income among small business entrepreneurs in Malaysia
- Author
-
Jarir Hakimi H. Jusri, Zainal Abidin Mohamed, and Rika Terano
- Subjects
Microcredit ,Economic growth ,Entrepreneurship ,Public economics ,Descriptive statistics ,Poverty ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Small business ,Payment ,Regression ,Nonprobability sampling ,Amanah Ikthiar Malaysia (AIM) ,Loan ,ddc:650 ,Factor analysis ,Duration (project management) ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Together with Singapore, Malaysia is one of the successful cases in Asia achieving rapid economic growth. However the issues of poverty still being discussed today. Amanah Ikthiar Malaysia (AIM) is one of the dominant players contributing to the poverty eradication program in Malaysia engaging in microcredit program with supports from Malaysian government. Since microcredit has been effective as a poverty eradication agent among the poor, it is important to investigate the dimension of effectiveness of poverty eradication program carried out by AIM. The objective of this study is to investigate the dimension of effectiveness in microcredit program and to examine the determinants of total income after joining AIM program. Purposive sampling were applied to take a sample of 100 recipients of AIM microcredit program loan in Kuala Selangor, Hulu Langat, and Gombak in Selangor. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and multiple linear regression were used as a methodology to achieve the objective of the study. Factor analysis found four dimension of effectiveness in the microcredit program such as earning ability, payment scheme, member's cooperation, and well-being. Similarly regression analysis identified 3 variables that are significantly influence the total income after joining the program. These variables are; duration of loans received, amount of loans and number of employee. There are certain issues that need to be addressed to improve the AIM program especially those related to payment scheme and also finding timing for the recipients to graduate from the program as successful entrepreneurs.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Thyroid function in mothers who gave birth to neonates with transient congenital hypothyroidism
- Author
-
Karam, G. A., Hakimi, H., Rezaeian, M., Gafarzadeh, A., Rashidinejad, H., and Mohammad Khaksari
49. Radiation effects on a two-stage double-pass single-polarization erbium fiber amplifier
- Author
-
Hakimi, E., primary, Caplan, D.O., additional, Hakimi, H., additional, and Tuffli, A.L., additional
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Radiation effects on a two-stage double-pass single-polarization erbium fiber amplifier.
- Author
-
Hakimi, E., Caplan, D.O., Hakimi, H., and Tuffli, A.L.
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.