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Abstract Introduction The ORBITA trial of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus a placebo procedure for patients with stable angina was conducted across six sites in the United Kingdom via home monitoring and telephone consultations. Patients underwent detailed assessment of medication adherence which allowed us to measure the efficacy of the implementation of the optimization protocol and interpretation of the main trial endpoints. Methods Prescribing data were collected throughout the trial. Self‐reported adherence was assessed, and urine samples collected at pre‐randomization and at follow‐up for direct assessment of adherence using high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC MS/MS). Results Self‐reported adherence was >96% for all drugs in both treatment groups at both stages. The percentage of samples in which drug was detected at pre‐randomization and at follow‐up in the PCI versus placebo groups respectively was: clopidogrel, 96% versus 90% and 98% versus 94%; atorvastatin, 95% versus 92% and 92% versus 91%; perindopril, 95% versus 97% and 85% versus 100%; bisoprolol, 98% versus 99% and 96% versus 97%; amlodipine, 99% versus 99% and 94% versus 96%; nicorandil, 98% versus 96% and 94% versus 92%; ivabradine, 100% versus 100% and 100% versus 100%; and ranolazine, 100% versus 100% and 100% versus 100%. Conclusions Adherence levels were high throughout the study when quantified by self‐reporting methods and similarly high proportions of drug were detected by urinary assay. The results indicate successful implementation of the optimization protocol delivered by telephone, an approach that could serve as a model for treatment of chronic conditions, particularly as consultations are increasingly conducted online.

Saham merupakan salah satu instrumen investasi terpopuler yang tergolong dalam instrumen aset berisiko tinggi. Toleransi risiko menjadi salah satu faktor penting yang menjadi pertimbangan investor dalam menentukan preferensi investasinya pada saham. Toleransi risiko terdiri dari berbagai macam aspek, termasuk diantaranya adalah karakteristik kepribadian investor. Penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa karakteristik kepribadian individu memiliki pengaruh terhadap pengeluaran, pengelolaan investasi, dan toleransi risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh karakteristik kepribadian terhadap toleransi risiko keputusan investasi saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang berasal dari 83 sampel penelitian yang merupakan investor aset keuangan di Surabaya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa karakteristik kepribadian tidak mempengaruhi toleransi risiko investor, namun toleransi risiko memiliki pengaruh terhadap keputusan investasi saham.

Through the Lecturer and Teacher Partnership Program, this study attempts to determine the effect of collegiality in raising the standard of instruction at SMP Cokroaminoto Palopo. This descriptive and observation to data. The findings showed that the plan, do, and see phases of lesson study implementation were divided into four cycles. From the stage of creating learning to the level of implementation in the classroom, these three stages are interconnected. The study's version of collegiality also involves instructors and lecturers planning lessons in accordance with the challenges and educational needs faced by Cokroaminoto Palopo Middle School. Observations' findings indicate that the learning designs created by lecturers and teachers have a favorable effect on the standard of learning in the classroom.

As discussions of the "New World Order" intensify, Muslims around the world are increasingly questioning the relevance of this phrase to their lives and to the future of the ummah. For many Muslims, the popularization of this term signals a need to reexamine those processes that shape the transmission of the Islamic worldview from one generation to the next. The proposed "New World Order" seems much too reminiscent of the "Old World Order," an economic and political order characterized by the economic subservience and political impotency of most of the Muslim world. Muslim social scientists are beginning to examine those processes and factors that might create the kind of "New World Order" that liberates rather than oppresses Muslims. One a m of inquiry that must be addressed is that of political socialization, as it is a phenomenon that occm within virtually every human culture. In essence, it is a process that involves the individual's acquisition of socially and culturally approved attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors as regards the political world. As a social science subspecialty, it represents a convergence between political science and child development. Much of the literature dealing with political socialization therefore focuses on the institutions and mechanisms through which children are politically socialized over time. Within the Muslim world, the study of political socialization is critical to acquiring an understanding of how Muslim children learn about the multidimensional nature of the political world. How do they learn about politics? What kinds of political socialization models might be developed to reflect their experience? What are the relative effects of institutions like the family and school on their political socialization? These are just a few of the questions that must be addressed within an approach to political socialization that reflects the cultural integrity of Muslims. This paper will explore the potential impact of secular education on the political socialization of Muslim children. It will begin with a discussion of a variety of political socialization models that have been developed in the West. Nationalism, as a central dimension of political socialization, will be discussed with particular emphasis placed on how schools promote nationalism in children. The conflict between nationalistic and Islamic identities will be explored as it is manifested in the secularized educational curricula ...

This study examines how board composition influences the capital structure of Jordanian manufacturing companies. It aims to fill a gap in the literature by providing insights from the Jordanian context. This research is based on the premise that corporate governance, represented by board composition, plays a crucial role in shaping capital structure decisions. It hypothesizes that factors like board size, tenure, independence, CEO duality, gender diversity, audit committees, and managerial ownership impact the use of leverage in these companies. Using a fixed-effects panel regression model, we collect data from Jordanian manufacturing firms listed on the ASE from 2015 to 2019. Statistical analysis helps us understand the relationship between board composition variables and capital structure decisions. Our analysis reveals important insights. Larger boards and longer-serving members tend to reduce a firm's reliance on debt. However, board independence, CEO duality, audit committees, gender diversity, and managerial ownership have an insignificant impact on capital structure decisions in Jordanian manufacturing firms. These findings have practical significance for regulators and financial managers. They enhance corporate governance practices in Jordan, where empirical evidence on corporate governance mechanisms is limited. Financial managers can make informed decisions about board composition and its potential effects on their firm's capital structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Within the social and behavioral sciences, the study of socialization has occupied a central position. A commonly accepted definition that has been offered by Brim describes socialization as "the process by which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, and dispositions that enable them to participate as more or less effective members of groups and the societym1 Thus, socializaton is a prooess that begins at birth and extends thmughout the course of an individual's life. For the Muslim, this acquisition of knowledge, skills and dispositions must be a process guided by the Qur'an and Sunnah. The knowledge of Allah's will and the laws and patterns of His creation represent, in essence, all that can be known. The Qur'an is the guidebook in the quest for knowledge while the skills and dispositions needed by the Muslims are reflected in the life of Prophet Muhammad (SAAS). His Hadith and Sunnah provide the Muslim with a realistic conat within which to apply abilities and attitudes in an Islamic manner. It is doubtful that any Muslim would question the relevance of the Qur'an and Sunnah to the socialization process. However, when this processes takes place within a non-Muslim society like America, the complexity of their application becomes an issue that requires considerable attention. This paper will seek to address this complexity by suggesting a conceptual framework for examining the socialization of Muslim children in America. First of all, it will contrast Islamic and Western perspectives on socialization. Secondly, in an effort to "Islamize" our thmking about socialization, it will offer a clefinition of successful Muslim socialization. Thirdly, the paper will contrast the Islamic and Western world-views and discuss their implications for the socialization of minority status groups in America. Finally, the paper will suggest elements of a conceptual framework that can be used to study the socialization of Muslim children in America. In sha'a Allah, this effort will serve as a stimulus for those who wish to systematically study Muslim socialization in the American context. Western Perspectives on Socialization Levine has suggested that three different perspectives on the socialization process have dominated Western behavioral science theory and research, each reflecting a specific disciplinary orientation. Cultural anthropology sees socialization as enculturation or the intergenerational transmission of culture. This point of view sees the child as essentially a blank slate (tabula rasa), or as an organism that acquires culture by being immersed in it. The enculturation perspective, in its more sophisticated form also recognizes the role of cognitive processes in socialization. The desired outcome seems to be an individual who has absorbed the culture in which he has been raised ...

In this study, gadolinium (Gd) and chromium (Cr) co-doped yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12) nanoparticles were prepared by the sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data, which was further refined by Rietveld analysis, proved the cubic (Ia-3d) structure without any secondary phase. Surface morphology and microstructure analysis were investigated utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM images show how dopants (both Gd and Cr) particles have dispersed non-uniformly in the Y3Fe5O12 matrix and the nanostructured particles with size range from 97 to 284 nm for different Gd and Cr levels. Ferroelectric measurements present a substantial improvement in polarization under a saturated applied field of ± 5 kV/cm for doped, and co-doped Y3Fe5O12. At room temperature magnetic properties are measured by VSM, and it is found that the magnetic properties (saturation and remnant magnetization) are reduced (enhanced) with Gd3+ (Cr3+) doping substantially. UV–VIS spectrophotometry revealed a significant reduction in optical band gap energy from 2.23 to 1.99 eV due to Gd and Cr co-doping in Y3Fe5O12. The dielectric behavior of Y3Fe5O12 is studied in the 100 Hz to 1 MHz frequency range. The frequency-dependent dielectric constant displays the normal dielectric dispersion response, which is explained in terms of polarization concentration using Maxwell–Wagner theory. The dielectric constant is independent of the frequency at longer wavelengths (˃ 105 Hz), owing to only ionic and electronic polarizations. The AC conductivity (σAC) complies with the power law, and the linearity of log2 versus logσAC plot shows that the conduction mechanism is due to limited polar hopping. The obtained results anticipated that Gd3+- and Cr3+-doped Y3Fe5O12 exhibit improved properties for application compared to pure Y3Fe5O12. The synthesized ceramics may find potential applications in sensors, capacitors, actuators, transducers, and memory devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]