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This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3,053 studies of which 2,948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results., peer-reviewed

Aim: The COVID-19 outbreak continues to pose a threat to people's physical and mental health all over the world. The health professionals who are directly involved in the fight against the pandemic may experience stress during this crisis that can cause Burnout and Secondary traumatic stress. The objective of our study was to assess the burnout among physicians during COVID-19 pandemic and to determine related factors.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted. The demographical and occupational data were collected using a questionnaire and burnout level was assessed by Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).Results: 748 physicians took the survey. The burnout levels stated by the physicians were found to be significantly higher than before the pandemic [median before pandemic 3 (CDA: 2-4); median 4 (2-5) during pandemic; p, Amaç: COVID-19 salgını, tüm dünyada insanların fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlığı için tehdit oluşturmaya devam etmektedir. Salgınla mücadeleye doğrudan dahil olan sağlık çalışanları, bu kriz sırasında tükenmişliğe ve İkincil travmaya neden olabilecek stres yaşayabilmektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı COVID-19 salgını sırasında hekimler arasındaki tükenmişliği değerlendirmek ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel çevrimiçi anket uygulanmıştır. Demografik ve mesleki veriler anket kullanılarak toplanmış ve tükenmişlik düzeyi Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri (MBI) ile değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Ankete 748 hekim katıldı. Hekimlerin belirttiği tükenmişlik düzeyleri pandemi öncesine göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur [pandemi öncesi ortanca 3 (CDA: 2-4); pandemi sırasında ortanca 4 (2-5)]. COVID-19 vakalarına doğrudan tıbbi hizmet veren hekimlerin Kişisel Başarı Hissi (PA), Duygusal Tükenmişlik (EE) ve Duyarsızlaşma (D) puanları anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptandı (p

Background- Sepsis remains a common cause of death. Involving in important cellular processes, the cereblon (CRBN) protein plays a role in sepsis. This study aimed to show the CRBN protein expression and its effects on the patients in the intensive care unit. Methods- Samples were taken by deep tracheal aspiration from patients. The presence of CRBN was pathologically investigated by using immunohistochemical tests and polyclonal antibodies against CRBN. The relationship between gender, sepsis, steroid, survival, and the presence of CRBN was examined. Results- Respiratory and neurologic diseases were the most common reasons for admission. Acinetobacter was the most frequent microorganism. In patients with more than normal inflammatory cells, we observed a negative correlation between CRBN expression and PNL rate (p = 0.031). In patients with CRBN, there was no correlation between steroid and mortality, APACHE/Glasgow score, length of stay in hospital and ICU. Conclusion- Although the prognosis in sepsis is better in CRBN-deficiency animals, the presence of CRBN in humans does not affect it. The more we saw inflammatory cells in aspiration material, the less there was a CRBN. The response to steroids, an immunomodulator, did not change with the presence of the immunomodulator target molecule, CRBN. This requires us to reconsider using immunomodulators in the treatment of sepsis.

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are uncommon fibroepithelial breast lesions that are classified as three different forms as benign phyllodes tumor (BPT), borderline phyllodes tumor (BoPT), and malignant phyllodes tumor (MPT). Conventional radiologic methods make only a limited contribution to exact diagnosis, and texture analysis data increase the diagnostic performance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of texture analysis of US images (TAUI) of PTs in order to discriminate between BPTs and BoPTs-MPTs. The number of patients was 63 (41 BPTs, 12 BoPTs, and 10 MPTs). Patients were divided into two groups (Group 1-BPT, Group 2-BoPT/MPT). TAUI with LIFEx software was performed retrospectively. An independent machine learning approach, MATLAB R2020a (Math- Works, Natick, Massachusetts) was used with the dataset with p 0.004. Two machine learning approaches were used to build prediction models for differentiating between Group 1 and Group 2. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of statistically significant texture data between phyllodes subgroups. In TAUI, 10 statistically significant second order texture values were identified as significant factors capable of differentiating among the two groups (p 0.05). Both of the models of our dataset make a diagnostic contribution to the discrimination between BopTs-MPTs and BPTs. In PTs, US is the main diagnostic method. Adding machine learning-based TAUI to conventional US findings can provide optimal diagnosis, thereby helping to choose the correct surgical method. Consequently, decreased local recurrence rates can be achieved. Phylloides-Tumore (PTs) sind seltene fibroepitheliale Brustläsionen, die in drei verschiedene Typen eingeteilt werden: Benigner (BPT), borderline (BoPT) und maligner (MPT) Phylloides-Tumor. Herkömmliche radiologische Verfahren leisten nur einen begrenzten Beitrag zur exakten Diagnose, und Texturanalysedaten erhöhen die diagnostische Leistung. In dieser Studie wollten wir den Beitrag der Texturanalyse von US-Bildern (TAUI) von PTs bewerten, um zwischen BPTs und BoPTs-MPTs zu differenzieren. Es gab 63 Patienten (41 BPTs, 12 BoPTs und 10 MPTs). Die Patienten wurden in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt (Gruppe 1-BPT, Gruppe 2-BoPT/MPT). TAUI mit LIFEx-Software wurde retrospektiv durchgeführt. Ein unabhängiger maschineller Lernansatz, MATLAB R2020a (Math Works, Natick, Massachusetts), wurde mit dem Datensatz mit p 0,004 verwendet. Zwei maschinelle Lernansätze wurden verwendet, um Vorhersagemodelle für die Differenzierung zwischen Gruppe 1 und Gruppe 2 zu erstellen. Es wurden Receiver-Operating-Characteristics (ROC)-Kurvenanalysen durchgeführt, um die diagnostische Leistung von statistisch signifikanten Texturdaten zwischen den Phylloides-Untergruppen zu bewerten. Mittels TAUI wurden 10 statistisch signifikante Texturwerte zweiter Ordnung als signifikante Faktoren identifiziert, die zwischen den beiden Gruppen differenzieren können (p 0,05). Beide Modelle unseres Datensatzes leisten einen diagnostischen Beitrag zur Differenzierung zwischen BopTs-MPTs und BPTs. Bei PTs ist die US die wichtigste diagnostische Methode. Die Ergänzung der konventionellen US-Befunde durch eine auf maschinellem Lernen basierende TAUI kann eine optimale Diagnose liefern und damit bei der Auswahl der optimalen chirurgischen Methode helfen. Infolgedessen können die Lokalrezidivraten gesenkt werden.

Music is widely used to reduce anxiety, and the beneficial effects of music on anxiety are well established. Maqams represent a system of melodic modes used in traditional Turkish music. Different maqams may have different effects on anxiety.The current study intended to investigate the effects of Hicaz and Huseyni maqams on anxiety and to evaluate whether a difference in effects exists.The research team performed a preliminary, randomized controlled trial.The study took place in the Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and the Department of Music, Faculty of Fine Arts, at Izmir Democracy University in Izmir, Turkey.The participants were 87 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 27, who were students studying at the university.The participants were randomly divided into three groups, with 29 participants in each group. One intervention group listened to the music in the Hicaz maqam-the Hicaz group-and the second listed to the music in the Huseyni maqam-the Huseyni group-for 30 minutes a day for a week. The control group received no intervention.The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to measure participants' level of anxiety.No significant differences existed between the three groups in the BAI scores at baseline (P = .97). For the Hicaz and Huseyni groups, a significant decrease was found in the mean BAI scores between baseline and postintervention (P.001), but no statistically significant difference was found for the control group (P = .29). No statistically significant difference in the BAI scores existed postintervention between the Hicaz and the Huseyni groups (P = .66) or between the Hicaz group and the control group (P = .06), but a statistically significant difference did exist between the Huseyni and the control groups (P = .01).Listening to music is an effective auxiliary method for reducing anxiety. The type of music to which an individual listens can affect this benefit, with some types having a greater positive effect than others.

To determine how often os trigonum is accompanied by accessory navicular and os peroneum. A secondary aim of the study was to investigate the bone and related tendon pathologies that may develop in these three accessory bones.A total of 110 patients who were evaluated by ankle MRI and were determined with os trigonum between 2009-2015 were included in the study. The frequency was determined of os trigonum together with accessory navicular bone and os peroneum. MR images were also evaluated in respect of bone pathologies and related tendon pathologies of these 3 accessory bones.Of 110 patients determined with os trigonum on MRI, 21 (19%) were also determined with accessory navicular bone and 5 (4.5%) with os peroneum.When bone pathologies were examined, the most frequently seen pathology was bone marrow edema.The most common pathology in the tendons related to the accessory bones was increased amount of synovial fluid within the tendon sheath. In cases with os trigonum, bone changes were observed more frequently than pathologies of the adjacent tendons, in the accessory navicular bone cases, tendon pathologies were observed more than bone changes and in the cases with os peroneum, bone and tendon pathologies were determined at equal rates.There was no significant difference in terms of FHL tendon pathology between patients with and without edema in os trigonum. However, TP tendon was significantly more pathological in patients with edema in accessory navicular bone.More than one accessory bone was determined in approximately one in four cases.The most common pathologies determined in these accessory bones was bone marrow edema and increased amount of synovial fluid within the tendon sheath.It is necessary to investigate and report all these findings on MRI as they play an important role in the explanation of clinical findings and treatment planning.

Recently laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is a minimally invasive surgical option for prostate cancer (PCa) treatment in the lack of robot. To eliminate numbers of trocars and to modify surgical technique can make the LRP procedure easier. We aimed to introduce our novel approach on LRP by using just only 3 trocars and to compare conventional extraperitoneal LRP (eLRP) with 3 trocars eLRP. METHODS: Of the 223 PCa patients undergone eLRP were divided into 2 groups as Group 1 (n=69) consisted of conventional eLRP, Group 2 (n=154) consisted of consecutive 3 trocars eLRP. Demographic, operative, postoperative, and short-term follow-up data including functional results were analysed. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 10.9±5.1 months. Preoperative and demographic parameters were comparable between the groups. Mean operative time, intraoperative used carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, and hospital stay were significantly shorter in Group 2 (for all parameters p0.001). Haemoglobin decrease was also less in Group 2 without statistical significance. Oncologic and functional results were similar. There was no major complication in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results 3 trocars eLRP can be performed safely and effectively in experienced hands. Haemorrhage, operative time, CO2 usage, and hospital stay could be shortened with our novel approach. Recientemente, la prostatectomía radical laparoscópica (PRL) es una opción mínimamente invasiva para el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata (CaP) cuando no existe la robótica. Eliminar el numero de trocares y modificar la técnica quirúrgica, puede hacer la PRL un procedimiento fácil. Nuestro objetivo es introducir nuestra nueva técnica para la PRL utilizando solo 3 trocares y compararla con la PRL tradicional. MÉTODOS: De los 223 pacientes con cáncer de próstata que recibieron una PRL extraperitoneal se dividieron en 2 grupos: Grupo 1 (n=69) consistió en la PRL convencional; Grupo 2 (n=154) PRL con 3 trocares. Datos demográficos, quirúrgicos, postoperatorios, seguimiento y resultados funcionales fueron analizados. RESULTADOS: La mediana de seguimiento fue de 10,9±5,1meses. Las variables preoperatorias y demográficas fueron comparables entre ambos grupos. El tiempo medio de cirugía, el uso intraoperatorio de CO2 y la estancia hospitalaria fueron menores en el Grupo 2 (para todos los parámetros pde hemoglobina fue menor también en el grupo 2 sin significación estadística. Los resultados funcionales y oncológicos fueron similares. No hubo complicaciones mayores en el Grupo 2. CONCLUSIONES: De acuerdo con nuestros resultados la PRL extraperitoneal con 3 trocares se puede realizar de forma segura y efectiva en manos expertas. El sangrado intraoperatorio, tiempo quirúrgico y el uso de CO2 se pueden acortar con el uso de esta técnica.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of HIFE on physiologic and psychological functions in older adults aged ≥65 years.Methods: This systematic review was designed according to the PEDro scale. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were used for the systematic searching. Total 1340 studies were identified. The full texts of these studies were examined in respect of the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, and finally 9 studies met the criteria and were included for evaluation.Results: Physical functions and psychosocial functions were evaluated via questionnaires and tests. According to results of the included studies HIFE was effective in respect of the evaluated parameters.Conclusions: As a result of this systematic review HIFE is effective on physical functions and hemodynamic responses but the effect on psychosocial functions are controversially, at the same time there were no reports of negative effects., The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effectiveness of High-Intensity Functional Exercise (HIFE) on physiologic and psychological functions in older adults aged ≥65 years. This systematic review was designed according to the PEDro scale. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were used for the systematic searching. Total 1340 studies were identified. The full texts of these studies were examined in respect of the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, and finally 9 studies met the criteria and were included for evaluation. Physical functions and psychosocial functions were evaluated via questionnaires and tests. According to results of the included studies HIFE was effective in respect of the evaluated parameters. As a result of this systematic review HIFE is effective on physical functions and hemodynamic responses but the effect on psychosocial functions are controversially, at the same time there were no reports of negative effects.

Objective: This study was planned to evaluate the relationship between Physiotherapists’ fear of COVID-19 and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Physiotherapists aged between 18-65 years, working in any institution (private or public), were included in the study. The questionnaires were combined into a form on Google forms and sent to the participants via e-mail and they were asked to fill out the questionnaires. After first filling out their demographic information, they completed the COVID-19 Fear Scale to assess their COVID-19 fear level. The Nottingham Health Profile was used to assess health-related quality of life. Results: It was observed that the mean total score of the cases from the COVID-19 Fear Scale was 17.19±5.38, while the average total score of the Nottingham Health Profile was 80.14±82.57, obtained from 416 physiotherapists. In our study, the fear of COVID-19 was lower in physiotherapists who had the disease. While there was a significant relationship between fear of COVID-19 and Nottingham Health Profile energy level, emotional reaction, social isolation and sleep sub-dimensions and total score, no significant relationship was found in other sub-dimensions. Conclusions: As a result of our study, it was determined that Physiotherapists’ fear of COVID-19 was moderate level, and it was observed that their fear was related to quality of life.

Chronic diseases are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. By 2020, it is expected to increase to 73% of all deaths and 60% of global burden of disease associated with chronic diseases. For all these reasons, early diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases is very important. Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning is the development of computer programs that can access data and use it to learn for themselves. The learning process starts by searching for patterns in the examples, experiences, or observations. It will make faster and better decisions in the future based on all these. The primary purpose in machine learning is to allow computers to learn automatically without human help and affect. Considering all the reasons above, this chapter finds the most appropriate artificial intelligence technique for the early detection of chronic diseases.

INTRODUCTION: We evaluated use of anticholinergics, mirabegron, and combination of anticholinergics with mirabegron during Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation for reducing irritative symptoms in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). METHODS: Prospectively recorded data of NMIBC patients receiving BCG were retrospectively evaluated between August 2015 and April 2019. Patients with low-grade T1 solitary papillary lesions

Background: The dictionary definition of safety is “The condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury.”1 Safety is a fundamental human right. In addition, the dictionary definition of road safety is “teaching people how to behave safely when driving or crossing the road.”2 The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights said: “Road safety is a human rights issue. Today, international law brings positive obligations to every State to take all reasonable steps to protect the right to life, the right to personal security, the right to health and the right to develop all persons. Every year, many vehicles are involved in accidents on highways. Road traffic accidents are leading cause of death and disability globally. The aim of this study is to investigate the road traffic accidents occurred in Turkey between the years 2012-2017 and to compare the rates of deaths and injuries by vehicle type involved in these accidents. Methods: Road traffic accidents occurred in Turkey between the years 2012-2017 constitute the universe of the study. The study data was taken from the Turkish Statistical Institute. Percentages were calculated with Microsoft office 365 ProPlus Exel. Percentage distributions were used to compare the values. Results: The total number of vehicles involved in accidents between 2012 and 2017 was 240 thousand, 251 thousand, 264 thousand, 290 thousand, 295 thousand and 294 thousand respectively. Tractor accidents were the most fatal accidents with 8-10% death rate. Tractor accidents were followed by tractor trailer accidents with a 5-8% death rate. Truck accidents were the third deadly vehicle type with a 4-7% death rate. Contrary to expectations, motorcycle accidents had the lowest mortality rate (0.8-2%), but there is no finding about the permanent disabilities and DALY. Cars were the second in the ranking of safe vehicles according to mortal accident rates. Conclusions: The data shows there was no difference in fatality or injury rates by years. Keywords: Road safety, Fatality rates, Injury rates, Accident

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the knowledge and awareness about human papilloma virus (HPV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine of women in reproductive age. Material and Methods: The study covered 294 women aged between 15 and 49. A questionnaire was prepared by the researchers based on the literature review. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.5±8.9 years. Only 24.5% had heard about HPV infection and 28.2% had heard HPV vaccine. Of the participants, 188 (63.9%) got zero point from the knowledge questions. Conclusion: This study indicates that the women who apply primary care units have low knowledge levels; it is apperent that personal and social education is needed. Paying importance to patient education on HPV and cervical cancer in primary care health politics will increase knowledge and awareness for HPV infection and HPV vaccination., Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı doğurganlık çağındaki kadınların HPV ve HPV aşısı hakkındaki farkındalık ve bilgi düzeylerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmaya 15-49 yaş aralığındaki 294 kadın dahil edildi. Yazarlar tarafından literatür taranarak hazırlanan anket formunun doldurulması istendi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 30.5±8.9 idi. Yalnızca %24.5'i HPV enfeksiyonundan, %28.2'si ise HPV aşısından haberdardı. Katılımcılardan 188'i bilgi sorularından sıfır puan aldı. Sonuç: Bu çalışma birinci basamağa başvuran kadınların düşük bilgi düzeyinde olduklarını , bireysel ve toplumsal eğitimin gerekliliğini göstermiştir. Birinci basamak sağlık politikalarında hasta eğitimine önem verilmesi toplumun bilgi ve farkındalık düzeylerini artıracak ve kanser insidansının düşmesini sağlayacaktır.

The aim of this study was to investigate endoscopic treatment in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and conduct a multivariate analysis of factors for failure.Between August 2006 and January 2012, 216 children (32 boys and 184 girls) with primary VUR (grades I-IV) who underwent endoscopic treatment were analysed. Patients with grade V VUR were excluded. Hydrodistension tests and intraureteral injection techniques were performed, if applicable. Urinary ultrasound and voiding cystourethrography were studied 3-6 months after surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analyses.In total, 172 children (21 boys and 151 girls) were enrolled, and 280 ureters were treated (108 bilateral, 64 unilateral; three with grade I, 34 with grade II, 214 with grade III and 29 with grade IV VUR). The median (± SD) age was 7.8 ± 3.1 years (boys 7 ± 3.1 years, girls 7.9 ± 3.1 years). The mean (± SD) follow-up was 24.4 ± 4.1 months (boys 28.2 ± 8.1 months, girls 21.4 ± 4.1 months). Mean injected volume per ureter was 1.8 ± 0.5 ml. A single injection resolved the reflux in 79.6% and a second injection resolved it in 90.4% of ureters. Eight children (4.6%) had postoperative febrile urinary tract infections (fUTIs). Postoperative fUTIs were significantly associated with failures in injection (p0.001). Renal scars were significantly associated with postoperative fUTI (p = 0.006). Haematuria occurred in three children (minor complication); a non-functional kidney was observed in one child (major complication) and a laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed. Fourteen children underwent ureteroneocystostomy owing to unsuccessful VUR treatment.Endoscopic injection of small-diameter microsphere (80-120 μm) non-animal dextranomer-hyaluronic acid copolymer seems to be an effective treatment for VUR. Only postoperative fUTI and the presence of a renal scar were correlated with failed endoscopic treatment of VUR.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxyfasudil in a protamine sulfate (PS) induced cystitis rat model. Additionally, we investigated prevention of bladder overactivity (BO), and tissue damage in these experiments. Methods: Animals were divided into four groups. In Groups 1 and 2, chemical induced cystitis model was created by administrating intravesical PS with PE50 catheter by the transurethral route. In Group 1, Rho-kinase inhibitor hydroxyfasudil was administered intaperitoneally, and in Group 2, subjects were administered a corresponding volume of saline in the same way. In Group 3, vehicle was administered intravesically and hydroxyfasudil was administrated intraperitoneally. Group 4 was a control Group, and the vehicle was administered intravesically and intraperitoneally. Micturition frequencies were recorded. Biochemical analyses were performed for oxidative stress, and pathological evaluations were investigated. In vitro contractions of bladder tissue strips were measured in tissue-bath. Results: There were significantly lower Lipid peroxidase levels and higher levels of Glutathione in Group 1 than Group 2( P =0.016, P =0.001, respectively). There was generally more inflammation in Group 2 than the other groups as determined by microscopy. There were significantly higher frequencies of micturition, lower volume, and mean voided maximum urine output after PS administration in Groups 1 and 2. In vitro contraction responses of bladder strips to potassium chloride and acetylcholine were statistically higher in Group 2 than Groups 1 and 3. Conclusions: Significant reduction of inflammation by affecting the anti-oxidant defense systems was provided by hydroxyfasudil. Decreased in vitro responses to contractions of bladder smooth muscle strips were obtained. Hydroxyfasudil may be a potential new therapeutic option for inflammation and BO, in rat bladder.

Introduction Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. It is an important health problem especially in women of reproductive age. IDA may cause anxiety, which is the major factor for female sexual dysfunction (FSD). Aim The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of IDA on FSD in women of reproductive age. Methods In total, 207 women were enrolled. Women with IDA who were admitted in an outpatient clinic of family medicine were asked to complete Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaires. Questionnaires were completed before and after IDA treatments. Blood samples were obtained for measurements of hemoglobin, hematocrit, levels of serum iron, and iron‐binding capacity. Main Outcome Measures Outcomes of blood samples were used for diagnosing of IDA. BAI, FSFI, and QoL scores were evaluated. Paired samples t ‐tests and Pearson correlation analyses were used to assess relationship between findings of IDA treatments and other parameters. Results The mean age was 33.6 ± 8.4 years. There were statistical significant differences between pre‐ and posttreatment in terms of hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron, and serum iron‐binding capacity. BAI scores were decreased and FSFI scores, which were statistically significant, increased after IDA treatments ( P Conclusion There is a risk for anxiety as well as FSD in IDA women of reproductive age. Treatment of IDA can significantly improve sexual functions and QoL in these women population in short term. Gulmez H, Akin Y, Savas M, Gulum M, Ciftci H, Yalcinkaya S, and Yeni E. Impact of iron supplementation on sexual dysfunction of women with iron deficiency anemia in short term: A preliminary study. J Sex Med 2014;11:1042–1046.

Purpose: To compare renal injury and vascular resistance between standard and tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients who had undergone procedures for kidney stone by using colored Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS). Patients and Methods: All consecutive PCNLs were evaluated between 2009 and 2011. Patients in whom access was in the lower pole, and who regularly visited our outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study. Patients who underwent standard PCNL were included in group 1, and patients who underwent tubeless PCNL were included in group 2. All data were collected from patients' files. CDUS was performed to evaluate the resistive index (RI), parenchymal thickness, and parenchymal echogenicity before the operation, in the early postoperative period (7 days after catheter removal in group 1 and 7 days postoperatively in group 2), and during the midterm period (6 months postoperatively). Statistical significance was accepted at P

Obezite tum dunyada oldugu gibi ulkemizde de yukselen trendi ile buyuk bir saglik problemidir. Obezitenin gunumuzde bircok hastalikla iliskisi belirlenmistir. Bunlardan biride kadinlardaki stres uriner inkontinanstir. Obezite hem bu hastaligin nedenleri arasinda, hem de inkontinansin siddetini arttirabilen bir etken olarak rol oynamaktadir. Obezitenin stres inkontinanstaki rolu hakkin da halen arastirmalar devam etmektedir. Ozellikle pelvik kaslarda ikinma, gerilme, zayiflama yolu ile; sinirlerde de kronik irritasyonlara yol acarak etyolojide rol oynadigi bildirilmistir. Yenileyin yapilan calismalarda obezitenin ve stres uriner inkontinansin ayri ayri ve birlikte hayat kalitesini azalttigina dair bilimsel yazilar literaturde yerini hizla almaktadir. Tedavi asamasinda ise oncelikle obezite ile mucadele, davranis modaliteleri ve gerektiginde cerrahi tedavi gundeme gelebilir. Bu calismada kadinlarda obezite ve stres uriner inkontinans iliskisinde guncel literatur esliginde bahsedilecektir.

To evaluate the effects of thiocolchicoside during endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculus.Between May 2014 and December 2014, 498 consecutive patients were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were operations under general anaesthesia, chancing laser lithotripter settings, and urinary tract infection. All patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 consisted of patients who were not administered thiocolchicoside, group 2 consisted of patients who were administered 5 mg thiocolchicoside, and group 3 consisted of patients who were administered 10 mg thiocolchicoside. Demographic, perioperative, and postoperative data were recorded. Complications were noted according to Clavien-Dindo classifications. A p value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.A total of 427 patients (319 male and 108 female) with full data were investigated. Mean age was 43.3 ± 13.3 years. There were 157 patients in group 1, 141 patients in group 2, and 129 patients in group 3. Stone migration and operation time were significantly lower in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1 (respectively; p0.001, p = 0.03). However, usage of jj stents was significantly lower in group 3 than in the other groups (p0.001).Stone migration can be decreased by using locally administered thiocolchicoside in irrigation solution during endoscopic treatment of ureteral calculus. Additional doses may decrease usage of jj stents and operation time.

Angioedema is a localized and self-limiting, subcutaneous/submucosal oedema due to a temporary increase in vascular permeability induced by the release of vasoactive mediators. It may rarely be life-threatening due to a sudden and severe swelling of tongue, supraglottic and subglottic regions of the body. So far, many types of angioedema have been described. However, urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with the angioedema is rare in the literature. Considering the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for angioedema, the aetiology of angioedema has been revised by the presented rare case of angioedema related to UTI in the light of recent literature., Anjiyoödem, vazoaktif mediyatörlerin salınması nedeniyle vasküler geçirgenlikteki geçici bir artışa bağlı gelişen ve kendini sınırlayan, deri altı/mukoza altı dokunun ödemidir. Nadiren dil, supraglottik ve subglottik vücut bölgelerinde ani ve ciddi şişmeye neden olup hayatı tehdit edici olabilmektedir. Şimdiye kadar birçok tipi tanımlanmışsa da literatürde idrar yolu enfeksiyonu (İYE) ile ilişkili anjiyoödem nadirdir. Anjiyoödemde erken teşhis ve müdahalenin önemini göz önünde bulundurarak, çok nadir görülen İYE’ye bağlı anjiyoödem olgusu sunularak, anjiyoödem etiyolojisi güncel literatür eşliğinde gözden geçirilmiştir.

WOS: 000391829500006, PubMed: 25854906, To investigate relationship between overactive bladder (OAB) and metabolic syndrome (MtS) by using neck circumference (NC). In retrospective view of prospective collected data, 204 women with or without OAB were enrolled into study, between August 2012 and December 2013. All patients were administered OAB validated questionnaires (OAB-V8) and whose score was > 8 were accepted as OAB. Patients were divided into two groups and group 1 consisted of patients with OAB, group 2 consisted of patients without OAB. Demographic data with anthropometric measurements and blood analyses were recorded. Statistical analyses including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed; statistically significant p was < 0.05. Mean age was 41.06 +/- 9.78 years. There were 115 (56.4 %) patients in group 1, and 89 (43.6 %) patients in group 2. OAB-V8 scores were significant higher in group 1 than group 2 (p < 0.001). Waist circumference (WC) and NC measurements were statistical significant longer in group 1 than group 2 (p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analyses age, body mass index, MtS, WC, and NC were statistical significant associated with OAB. In ROC curves, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.72 cm(2) for relationship between OAB and WC (p < 0.001), and AUC was 0.73 cm(2) for relationship between OAB and NC (p = 0.004). Cut-off NC and WC values for OAB were determined as 35.25 cm and 98.5 cm, respectively. OAB with metabolic syndrome seems like more common in women than in those without. NC may be a novel indicator for OAB in selected female patients with MtS.

To evaluate the correction rate of urinary flow rate after posterior urethral valve (PUV) resection for predicting success after operation.This retrospective study was performed between March 2006 and February 2013 at the Department of Pediatric Urology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey. Of the 67 patients with PUV, 52 patients were enrolled. Physical examinations, urine and blood analyses, uroflowmetry (UFM) including maximum flow rate (Qmax) and average flow rate (Qavg), and post voiding residual urine volume (PVR) were recoded. The UFM, PVR, voiding cystourethrography, serum creatinine levels were recorded in clinical visits. Additional operations were performed if there were symptoms of urinary obstruction. Statistical analyses were carried out.The mean age was 9+/-2.9 years. The mean follow-up was 10.6+/-4.2 months. There was a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine (p=0.028), Qmax (p=0.001), Qavg (p=0.002), and PVR (p=0.001). Postoperative serum creatinine was significantly positively correlated with postoperative PVR (p=0.024). In logistic regression analysis, success on PUV resection was associated with preoperative Qavg (p=0.016) and PVR (p=0.004), and postoperative Qavg (p=0.039) and PVR (p=0.030). Of the 42 (80.7%) patients, significant improvements in UFM, PVR, and serum creatinine levels were obtained after first operation. In 10 patients, re-operations were performed.Short-term effectiveness of PUV resection may be predicted by changes in UFM and PVR parameters in selected patients.

Background: Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common sexual disorder in men and studies reported prevalence up to 30% (1, 2). PE is not a life-threatening medical condition but it influences the quality of life (QoL). Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency, and safety of alpha blocker drugs in the treatment of patients with premature ejaculation (PE). Additionally we investigated the quality of life (QoL) in patients with PE who were treated with alpha blocker drugs. Materials and Methods: This study was a pilot clinical trial. Prospectively documented 108 patients with PE were treated and were followed-up in urology outpatient clinic. All patients were divided into 5 groups according to used alpha blocker agents which were determined by simple randomization. Silodosin 4mg (Group 1, n = 21), tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.4mg (Group 2, n = 23), alfuzosin 10mg (Group 3, n = 22), terazosin 5mg (Group 4, n = 21), doksazosin mesylate 4mg (Group5, n = 21), were used for treatment. The demographic parameters of patients, pre and post treatment intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), PE Profile (PEP), and QoL index were recorded and evaluated. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by measuring IELT. Additionally, side effects of drugs were recorded. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All alpha blocker drugs were statistically effective for preventing PE. Notably, silodosin seemed to be more effective for preventing PE than other alpha blockers (P < 0.05). However all alpha blockers provided development in QoL scores, silodosin was a little better than other drugs in statistical analyses. Furthermore statistical increase in IELT and decrease in PEP were provided more in Group 1 than other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Silodosin seems to be able to even more prevent PE. Silodosin may provide development in QoL than other alpha blocker agents. Additionally, lower systemic adverse events and more effectivity are the prominent features of silodosin in PE.This study was a pilot clinical trial. Prospectively documented 108 patients with PE were treated and were followed-up in urology outpatient clinic. All patients were divided into 5 groups according to used alpha blocker agents which were determined by simple randomization. Silodosin 4mg (Group 1, n = 21), tamsulosin hydrochloride 0.4mg (Group 2, n = 23), alfuzosin 10mg (Group 3, n = 22), terazosin 5mg (Group 4, n = 21), doksazosin mesylate 4mg (Group5, n = 21), were used for treatment. The demographic parameters of patients, pre and post treatment intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), PE Profile (PEP), and QoL index were recorded and evaluated. Effectiveness of treatment was evaluated by measuring IELT. Additionally, side effects of drugs were recorded. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of hydroxyfasudil in a protamine sulfate (PS) induced cystitis rat model. Additionally, we investigated prevention of bladder overactivity (BO), and tissue damage in these experiments.Animals were divided into four groups. In Groups 1 and 2, chemical induced cystitis model was created by administrating intravesical PS with PE50 catheter by the transurethral route. In Group 1, Rho-kinase inhibitor hydroxyfasudil was administered intaperitoneally, and in Group 2, subjects were administered a corresponding volume of saline in the same way. In Group 3, vehicle was administered intravesically and hydroxyfasudil was administrated intraperitoneally. Group 4 was a control Group, and the vehicle was administered intravesically and intraperitoneally. Micturition frequencies were recorded. Biochemical analyses were performed for oxidative stress, and pathological evaluations were investigated. In vitro contractions of bladder tissue strips were measured in tissue-bath.There were significantly lower Lipid peroxidase levels and higher levels of Glutathione in Group 1 than Group 2 (P = 0.016, P = 0.001, respectively). There was generally more inflammation in Group 2 than the other groups as determined by microscopy. There were significantly higher frequencies of micturition, lower volume, and mean voided maximum urine output after PS administration in Groups 1 and 2. In vitro contraction responses of bladder strips to potassium chloride and acetylcholine were statistically higher in Group 2 than Groups 1 and 3.Significant reduction of inflammation by affecting the anti-oxidant defense systems was provided by hydroxyfasudil. Decreased in vitro responses to contractions of bladder smooth muscle strips were obtained. Hydroxyfasudil may be a potential new therapeutic option for inflammation and BO, in rat bladder.

Summary Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common male sexual problem worldwide. The association between ED and components of metabolic syndrome (MtS) is well established. This study examined neck circumference (NC) as a possible indicator of MtS and also of ED. Ninety-two patients were included and divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 47 patients with ED and Group 2 consisted of 45 healthy volunteers. Questionnaires, differences in anthropometric and laboratory measurements between patients with ED and the control group, and a cut-off value for NC were investigated. The mean NC in ED patients was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P = 0.001), and Group 1 also demonstrated more MtS criteria than Group 2 (P

To investigate if effects of the first single dose of tamsulosin 0.4 mg on uroflowmetry parameters would predict treatment response at the third month.Men over 40 years old with complaints of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia were studied with physical examination, urine and blood analysis, uroflowmetry (UFM), post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality-of-life (QoL) index and transrectal prostate ultrasonography (TRUS), and patients with prostate cancer suspicion, past urinary surgery, urinary tract infection and neurologic diseases were excluded. UFM, PVR, IPSS, QoL were repeated at 6th hour of the first day, first month and third month of oral tamsulosin 0.4 mg treatment. All parameters were recorded as baseline, and changes in the UFM parameters, PVR, IPSS and QoL were evaluated in clinical visits.As a total, 48 men (mean 60.17 ± 1.18 years) were recruited. There was a significant increase in maximum urine flow rate (Q (max)) and average urine flow rate (Q (ave)) and decrease in PVR from baseline with the first dose of tamsulosin as well as first and third month of treatment (p0.05). IPSS and QoL scores significantly improved at the first month in correlation with UFM parameters. Tamsulosin treatment was effective in 33 (68.7 %) patients at the first administration and 35 (72.9 %) at the third month. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Q (max) change at first dose for the third month response rate were 90.9 and 66.6 %, respectively.The mid-term effectiveness of tamsulosin may be predicted by changes in UFM parameters achieved with its first dose.

Objectives To investigate the impact of neck circumference (NC) in the treatment of bening prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with metabolic syndrome (MtS). Additionally, we determined dose response to alpha-blockers and cut-off values for NC and waist circumference (WC), in these patients. Materials and Methods Non-randomized, open-labelled, and multi-centre study was conducted between March 2014 and September 2015. The BPH patients were enrolled and were divided into 2 groups: with MtS (Group 1; n=94) and without MtS (Group 2; n=103). Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, blood analyses, uroflowmetric parameters, post voiding residual urine (PVR), prostate volume, quality of life (QoL) index, NC and WC were recorded. Both groups were administered oral alpha-blockers and response to treatment was evaluated. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained and significant p was p

The purpose of this study is comparing the quality of life (QoL) of personnel at an university campus with some socio-demographic data to identify factors that affect on QoL and to offer suggestions for improve employees QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed on personnel that working at an university campus. Eighty-three employees that are currently working between January 2012–February 2012, were included in the research. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) was used to determine the QoL of the participants. P 0.05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between job satisfaction and QoL (p

Amaç: İnsanların yaşadığı çevre, davranışları ve yaşam tarzı, dramatik bir şekilde değişmektedir. Bu değişimlere bağlı olarak, obezite ve tip 2 diyabet sıklığında ciddi bir artış görülmektedir. Obezite ve diyabetin görülme sıklığındaki artışa paralel, her geçen gün daha fazla insanı etkilemekte olan ve multi faktöriyel risk etmenlerinin bir araya gelmesi sonucu oluşan metabolik sendrom, kardiyovasküler hastalık riskini de beraberinde getirdiği için 21. yüzyılın önemli sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırmada, kilo yakınması ile başvuran hastalarda, boyun çevresi ölçümlerini bazı metabolik ve antropometrik ölçümlerle karşılaştırmayı ve özellikle metabolik sendromu olan hastalarda, visseral yağlanma oranları ile boyun çevresi ölçümleri arasındaki korelasyonu göstermeyi amaçladık. Araştırmamıza, 01.02.2009 – 01.02.2011 tarihleri arasında, Başkent Üniversitesi Ümitköy Semt Polikliniği, diyabet ve obezite polikliniğine, kilo yakınması ile başvuran 179 hasta alınmıştır. Bu çalışma retrospektif bir vaka – kontrol çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın verileri, SPSS 16.0 versiyonu istatistik programına aktarılmış, veri kontrolü ve analizler bu programda yapılmıştır. Hipoteze yönelik analizlerde Pearson Ki-kare testi kullanılmış, verilerin anlamlılık düzeyleri Ki-kare testi ile saptanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamıza alınan 179 hastadan % 77’si (n=137) kadın, % 23’ü (n=42) erkektir (K:E oranı=3,26). Hastalarımızın yaş ortalaması 37±13,15’dir. Hastalarımızdan 40’ına (% 22,3) metabolik sendrom tanısı konmuştur. Metabolik sendromu olmayanların boyun çevresi ortalaması 35,15±3,48 cm, metabolik sendromu olanların ise 38,40±4,13 cm saptanmıştır. Metabolik sendromu olan hastalarda, boyun çevresi ile visseral yağlanma oranları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon gösterilmiştir (r=0,71; p=0,01). Sonuç: Çalışmamız, metabolik sendromda boyun çevresi ölçümünün, NCEP ATP III kriterlerinden biri olan bel çevresi ölçümü gibi değerli ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon gösteren bir ölçüm olduğunu ortaya koymuştur., Objective: People’s environment, behavior and lifestyle are dramatically changing. Depending on these changes, there is a dramatic increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome is a combination of multi-factorial risk factors, which affects more people because of increased incidence of obesity and diabetes. The metabolic syndrome is one of the major health problems of the 21st century. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we aimed to compare neck circumference measurements with some of the metabolic and anthropometric measurements in patients presenting with complains of weight, and to show the correlation between visceral fat rates and neck circumference measurements in patients with metabolic syndrome. 179 patients with complains of weight were included to the study from 01.02.2009 to 01.02.2011, at the diabetes and obesity outpatient clinic of Baskent University. Research data were analyzed with the statistic program SPSS-16. Pearson Chi-square test were used for hypothetical analysis and levels of significance. Results: Of 179 patients, 77% (n=137) were women, 23% (n=42) were men (F:Mratio=3.26). The mean age was 37±13.15 years. Forty of our patients (22.3%) were diagnosed as metabolic syndrome. The mean neck circumference was 35.15±3.48 cm in those without metabolic syndrome, and 38.40±4.13 cm in those with metabolic syndrome. Statistically significant positive correlation was demonstrated between neck circumference measurements and visceral fat rates in patients with metabolic syndrome (r=0,71;p=0,01). Conclusion: Our study revealed that, neck circumference measurement is a valuable and indicating measurement just as the waist circumference measurement which is one of the NCEP-ATP-III criteria, in identifying visceral fat in patients with metabolic syndrome.