Search

The aim of the study was to determine some physicochemical and chemical properties of post-mining soils reclaimed in different directions, after completed sulfur exploitation by means of the borehole (Frash) method. The study was conducted in 2013 in the former Sulfur Mine „Jeziórko” located on the Tarnobrzeg Plain between Tarnobrzeg and Stalowa Wola cities (Podkarpackie Voivodeship, south Poland). It covered an area of land reclaimed as the arable or forest land. The most important problems connected with sulfur exploitation was the occurrence of a layer of solid sulfur which was previously removed. During the reclamation process, embankments and excavations were leveled through replenishing large amounts of ground, post-flotation lime, mineral fertilizers, and sewage sludge. Moreover, studies upon degraded and non-reclaimed area (by 2013) were also carried out. Examined land was characterized by granulometric composition of sands, loamy sands, and sandy loams. Re-leveling of degraded land using post-flotation lime contributed to lower levels of acidification of reclaimed soil surface. The highest contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen were found in the surface layers of the soils studied. Content of available potassium ranged from very low to average. The soils were characterized by a high content of available magnesium in the surface layers of the profiles (maximum 71.8 mg·kg−1 in soil reclaimed as forest land), while below the Mg content was usually low. Contents of individual exchangeable cations could be lined up in a following decreasing sequence: Ca2+>Na+>K+>Mg2+ Referring to the topsoil, reclaimed soils were characterized by more favorable properties (pH close to neutral, lower acidity, higher sorption capacity, higher organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available forms of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium concentrations) as compared to non-reclaimed soil.

The paper presents the results of a 3-year field experiment designed to evaluate the content of organic carbon in brown soil (Haplic Cambisol Dystric) developed from a light loamy sand under legumes cultivation. Experimental factors were: species of legume crop (colorful-blooming pea (Pisum sativum), chickling vetch (Lathyrus sativus), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), methods of legumes tillage (legumes in pure culture and in mixture with naked oats) and mineral N fertilization (0, 30, 60, 90 kg N·ha−1). Cultivation of legumes on sandy soil did not result in an increase of organic carbon content in the soil after harvest as compared to the initial situation, i.e. 7.39 vs. 7.76 g·kg−1 dry matter (DM), on average, respectively. However, there was the beneficial effect of this group of plants on soil abundance in organic matter, the manifestation of which was higher content of organic carbon in soils after legume harvest as compared to soils with oats grown (7.21 g·kg−1 DM, on average). Among experimental crops, cultivation of pea exerted the most positive action to organic carbon content (7.58 g·kg−1, after harvest, on average), whereas narrow-leaved lupin had the least effect on organic carbon content (7.23 g·kg−1, on average). Pure culture and greater intensity of legume cultivation associated with the use of higher doses of mineral nitrogen caused less reduction in organic carbon content in soils after harvest.

Celem pracy było określenie podstawowych właściwości fizykochemicznych i chemicznych sześciu profili glebowych zlokalizowanych w otoczeniu Magurskiego Parku Narodowego. Przy wyborze miejsc odkrywek kierowano się rodzajem użytkowania rolniczego oraz rzeźbą terenu. W wyniku badañ zgodnie z SGP5 zidentyfikowano następujące typy lub podtypy gleb: glejowa typowa GWt (Eutric Gleysols), brunatna dystroficzna typowa BDt (Dystric Cambisols), brunatna eutroficzna wyługowana BEwy (Eutric Cambisols), gleba antropogeniczna, kulturoziemna regulówkowa AKre (Eutric Cambisols Aric) oraz gleba płowa próchniczna PWpr (Gleyic Luvisols). Analizowane gleby charakteryzowały się uziarnieniem glin pylastych lub utworów pyłowych. Były zazwyczaj silnie zakwaszone, o czym świadczyło niskie pH (w 1M KCl wartości zawierały się w przedziale od 3,8 do 5,8), wysokie wartości kwasowości hydrolitycznej (od 0,8 do 10,0 cmol(+)·kg-1) i wymiennej (od 0,05 do 4,05 cmol(+)·kg-1) oraz znacząca zawartość glinu wymiennego (od 0 do 3,96 cmol(+)·kg-1). Zawartość węgla organicznego w badanych profilach nie przekraczała (za wyjątkiem profilu 1) 30 g·kg-1 i wraz z głębokością malała do kilku g·kg-1 w poziomach skały macierzystej. Gleby te cechowały się niezbyt wysoką zawartością azotu całkowitego (od 0,30 do 9,39 g·kg-1) oraz niską zawartością fosforu przyswajalnego (od 3,5 do 90,3 mg P2O5·kg-1). Natomiast zawartość przyswajalnego potasu (od 82 do 570 mg K2O·kg-1) oraz magnezu (od 33 do 412 mg Mg·kg-1) pozwalała zakwalifikować badane gleby do kategorii średnio bądź wysoko zasobnych. Najwyższe wartości pierwiastków biogennych wykrywano w poziomach powierzchniowych. Badane gleby charakteryzowały się wysoką, całkowitą pojemnością sorpcyjną (T) - od 7,0 do 63,4 cmol(+)·kg-1. Suma kationów o charakterze zasadowym (S) przyjmowała wartości od 3,0 do 61,2 cmol(+)·kg-1, co skutkowało wysokim wysyceniem kompleksu sorpcyjnego zasadami (V) (maksymalnie ponad 96%). Wysycenie kompleksu sorpcyjnego gleby kationami zasadowymi w profilach gleb wzrastało wraz z głębokością.

Plant demand for molybdenum is small, but it is a micronutrient of great significance for the proper development and functioning of organisms. Its deficiencies may disturb the absorption and influence of other elements on living organisms. The availability of molybdenum for plants depends on many factors, including the fertilization used. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of liming and differentiated NPK mineral fertilization against the background of a constant level of Mg fertilization on the molybdenum content in potato tubers and in the green mass of fodder sunflower grown on loess soil in four and three rotations, respectively. The research was carried out as a long-term experiment on a field owned by the University of Rzeszow in Krasne near Rzeszow (Rzeszow Foothills). The soil on which the research was carried out was a Haplic Luvisols formed from loess. The experiment was set up in a random sub-block design with four replicates. The first variable factor was liming (A2 ) or its lack (A1 ), while the second one consisted of different doses of mineral fertilization (14 fertilizer objects) with constant magnesium nutrition. Triple superphosphate contained significant amounts of molybdenum: from traces to 18 mg Mo kg-1. Plant samples were collected after potato and sunflower harvest from four rotations. Molybdenum in dry plant material was determined colorimetrically with the thiocyanate method. The molybdenum content in potato tubers ranged from 0.147 to 0.573 mg kg-1, being much higher in the green mass of fodder sunflower, where it ranged from 0.467 to 2.280 mg kg-1. Liming increased the molybdenum content in the green mass of fodder sunflower. This treatment caused significant changes in the content of this element in potato tubers. The mineral fertilization of NPK (regardless of liming) increased the molybdenum content in the green mass of fodder sunflower and in potato tubers compared to the object without mineral fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents results of a study on the nickel content in grain of winter wheat and spring barley grown on a constantly fertilized field lying on loessial soil and situated in Podgórze Rzeszowskie. The experiment was set up in randomized sub-blocks, by growing potato, spring barley, fodder sunflower and winter wheat plants in 4 four-year crop rotation cycles. Fodder cabbage was grown in the second crop rotation instead of sunflower. The first variable factor was liming (A2) or its lack (A1), while the second one consisted of different doses of mineral fertilization. Mineral NPK nutrition was applied against the background of constant Mg as well as Mg and Ca fertilization (liming). The general fertilization level (N1P1K1) for spring barley was: 80 kg N ha-1, 43.6 kg P ha-1 and 99.6 kg K ha-1, while for winter wheat it was: 90 kg N ha-1, 34.9 kg P ha-1 and 83 kg K ha-1. Constant magnesium fertilization was applied at a 24.1 kg Mg ha-1 dose. Liming at a dose of 4 t CaO ha-1 was applied before starting the experiment and each year that completed a subsequent crop rotation. The nickel content in crops was determined with the FAAS technique (Hitachi Z 2000) after digesting samples in a mixture of HNO3:HClO4:H2SO4, at a 20:5:1 ratio. There was a significant decrease in the nickel concentration in grain of winter wheat and spring barley due to liming. Mineral nutrition had no impact on variation in the amounts of elements in grain of the two cereals. However, some tendency towards a lower metal content in winter wheat grain resulting from increasing NPK doses applied at a constant N:P:K ratio was recorded. Interaction of liming with mineral fertilization (NPK) caused a several-fold decrease in the nickel content in grain of winter wheat from the limed treatments, while on the remaining plots it had no statistical influence on the concentration of this element in grain of spring barley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archives of Environmental Protection is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)