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Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a continuously evolving disease with a high mortality rate despite different advances in treatment. In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of data regarding IE. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing IE-related in-hospital mortality and characterization of IE patients based on their microbiological, clinical features, and management profiles in the Ayder Comprehensive Specified Hospital (ACSH). Methods: We conducted a hospital-based prospective follow-up study with all consecutive sampling techniques for suspected infective endocarditis patients admitted to ACSH from January 2020 to February 2022. Echocardiography was performed, and three sets of blood samples for blood culture were taken as per the standard protocol. We also performed isolation of microbial etiologies and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. The data was analyzed using STATA version 16. Stepwise logistic regression was run to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. Effects were measured through the odds ratio at the 5% level of significance. Results: Seventy-four cases of suspected infective endocarditis were investigated; of these, 54 episodes fulfilled modified Duke's criteria. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) (85.2%) was the most common underlying heart disease. Murmur (94.4%), fever (68.5%), and pallor (57.4%) were the most common clinical findings. Vegetation was present in 96.3% of episodes. Blood culture was positive only in 7 (13%) episodes. Complications occurred in 41 (75.9%) cases, with congestive heart failure being the most common. All patients were managed medically, with no surgical intervention. The in-hospital mortality was 14 (25.9%). IE-related in-hospital mortality was significantly associated with surgery recommendation and myalgia clinical symptoms. Conclusion: IE occurred relatively in a younger population, with RHD as the most common underlying heart disease. There was a high rate of culture-negative endocarditis, and the majority of patients were treated empirically. Mortality was high. The establishment of cardiac surgery and strengthening microbiology services should be given top priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to determine the changes occurs in hemodynamic variables of (HR, LVSD, LVESD, Stroke volume, Cardiac output) at different training phases of periodization in athletic events such as, middle distance and long-distance running between the male and female novice athletes in athletic training center at maychew, Ethiopia. Materials and Method: In this qazi-experimental study, 18 athletes selected from different phases of training at maychew athletic training center in Ethiopia. The novice athletes of male and female were selected by their performance in the regional wise, as they are novice athletes in the training center they used to go for more than a year training however the researcher wanted to know the hemodynamic parameters changes occurs before the athletes used to engage in specific period of training. To analyze the hemodynamic parameter the subjects were taken to the comprehensive specialized regional hospital then, Echocardiography and 2D imaging are used to calculate several hemodynamic parameters the values of hemodynamic parameters were recorded at intervals. The recorded data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using independent t-test, it is concluded that while comparing the male and female novice athletes male athletes are dominating in long-distance then female athletes are dominating in middle distance running events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to determine the influence of certain cardiac morphological variables in novice training athletes on the volume and intensity at the Preparatory stage of the training period. present study was conducted to determine the changes occurs in cardiac variables of (LVEDD, LVPWD, LVEF, LVEDV, LVESV) at Preparatory stage of periodization training in different athletic events such as middle distance and long-distance running from the male and female novice athletes in athletic training center at maychew, Tigray region, Ethiopia Materials and Method: In this qazi-experimental study, 18 athletes selected from different phases of training at maychew athletic training center in Ethiopia. The novice athletes of male and female were selected by their performance in the regional wise, as they are novice athletes in the training center they used to go for more than a year training however the researcher wanted to know the cardiac parameters changes occurs before the athletes used to engage in a specific period of training. To analyze the cardiac parameter the subjects were taken to the comprehensive specialized regional hospital then, Echocardiography and 2D imaging are used to calculate several cardiac-related parameters the values of cardiac parameters were recorded at intervals. The recorded data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using independent t-test, In conclusion, while comparing the male and female novice athletes male athletes are dominating in and long-distance then female athletes were as female athletes are dominating only in middle distance running events as cardiac morphology variables concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Regular aerobic exercise can induce alterations in structural and hemodynamic physiology of the heart in both athletic and nonathletic populations. This is because due to cardiac adaptation to exercise improves cardiac workout capacity by increasing left ventricular function. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure and left ventricular structural and myocardial function in Ethiopian non-athletic males., Methods: Twenty male adults (aged 19-23 years) were recruited and they were engaged in aerobic exercise training for 3 months (3 days/week, 50-75%MHR). Selected participants underwent standard transthoracic doppler echocardiographic examinations before and after intervention of the exercise training. Collected data were analyzed through Paired Sample T test using IBM SPSS version 21 statistical software with significance level set at P<0.05., Results: Finding of the study indicated that significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed after exercise training (P<0.05). Improvement was recorded in PWT (7.4±0.94 mm vs. 7.95±0.61 mm, P=0.017) and IVST (7.95±0.83mm vs 8.25±0.72 mm, P=0.030) while significant reduction was recorded in LVIDS (33.85±0.99 mm vs. 32.45±2.04 mm, P=0.002). Aerobic exercises also induced significant improvement on left ventricular myocardial function parameters (P<0.05) in end diastolic volume (95.8±8.4 mL vs. 100.45±11.42 mL), stroke volume (52.55±7.12 mL vs. 58.15±11.18 mL) and ejection fraction (54.73±4.11 vs. 57.53±6.2). However, exercise didn't stimulate significant change in the internal diameter at end diastole (0.086), end systolic volume (P=0.173) and cardiac output (P=0.13)., Conclusions: Aerobic exercise induces structural and myocardial physiological changes within the left ventricle in Ethiopian non-athletic young adult males.

We describe a 63 year old Romanian female patient admitted to our institution with complaints of typical angina and a diagnosis of non ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary arteriography unveiled anomalous origin of a left circumflex coronary artery from the right coronary sinus of Valsalva near the right coronary ostium and a hyperdominant left anterior descending coronary artery giving off a posterior descending coronary artery with small distal-posterolateral left ventricular branch. The co-existence of a left circumflex coronary artery originating ectopically from the right sinus of Valsalva together with a posterior descending coronary artery originating from the distal end of the anterior descending artery is important to keep in mind especially by those doing coronary angiography in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are leading causes of mortality worldwide. Specific etiologies vary in different regions and these variations are explained by the concept of Epidemiologic transition., Objectives: To describe the pattern of echocardiographically detected cardiac diseases among patients who presented to Cardiac clinic of Ayder referral hospital and to analyze associations of cardiac diseases with age and economic status., Methods: A retrospective review of records of adult patients who had echocardiographic study at Cardiac Clinic of Ayder referral hospital from September 2011 to June 2013 was made. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS Version 21., Results: Total of 1028 echocardiograms were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 50.6 (sd =18.7) years with male to female ratio of 0.93. Commonest echocardiographic abnormality was Valvular heart disease (44.6%), with rheumatic in younger and degenerative etiologies in older age groups. Diastolic heart failure accounted for 31.9% of abnormal studies, 60.4% of which were ascribed to hypertensive heart disease. Pulmonary hypertension of any etiology was diagnosed in 32.6% of the cases. Among patients with rheumatic heart diseases, co-occurrence of Mitral and Aortic valve disease was the commonest., Conclusion: Valvular disease was the most common echocardiographic finding among adult cardiac patients in the study area.