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Frequency-dependent anisotropy can be used for detection and evaluation of fractured reservoirs. In this study, three numerical models of fractured reservoirs are designed to study the frequency de...

Study of the Krauklis wave in fractured media reveals the potential for characterizing fracture geometry. In this paper, a finite element scheme is proposed to simulate the Krauklis wave in...

The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) module is mostly affected by array configuration, irradiance, and module temperature. It is important to understand the relationship between these effects and the output power of the PV array. This paper presents a MATLAB-Simulink-based PV module model which includes a controlled current source and an S-Function builder. The modeling scheme in S-Function builder is deduced by some predigested functions. Under the conditions of nonuniform irradiance, the model is practically validated by using different array configurations in testing platform. The comparison experiments indicate that I-V and P-V characteristic curves of simulation match the measurements from outdoor experiment well. Under the conditions of nonuniform irradiance, both simulation and experiment show that the output power of a PV array gets more complicated due to multiple peaks. Moreover, the proposed model can also simulate electric circuit and its maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in the environment of MATLAB-Simulink. The experiments show that the proposed model has good predictability in the general behaviors of MPPT under the conditions of both nonuniform and uniform irradiance.

The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) array is affected by array configuration, insolation, and temperature. It is important to understand the relation between these effects and the output power of PV array. This paper presents a Matlab Simulink based PV module model that includes a controlled current source and an S-Function Builder. The modeling scheme in S-Function Builder is deduced by some predigested function. The model is practically validated using different array configuration (PV module in series and in parallel) with nonuniform insolation. The simulation results show the I-V and P-V characteristics under nonuniform insolation conditions. It indicates that output power of PV array get more complex with multiple peaks. The presented model will help to validate new MPPT strategies, and will help to design the most optimum configuration PV array with the maximum power.