15 results on '"Haigh Z"'
Search Results
2. Wheat populations: parental performance and stability in organic and non-organic environments
- Author
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Jones, H, Boyd, H. E., Clarke, S, Haigh, Z. E. L, and Wolfe, M
- Subjects
Crop combinations and interactions ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,"Organics" in general - Abstract
Twenty winter wheat varieties used as parents in a half diallel crossing programme for the production of wheat populations were grown in field trials at two organic and two non-organic sites over three years in England. Yields of the varieties between the two non-organic sites were highly correlated, but less so between the two organic sites and between the non-organic and organic sites. At the non-organic sites, most of the variation in yield (60%) was due to varietal differences, whereas, at the organic sites, it was due largely to the effects of environment (79%), and genotypic variation only accounted for 9%. More detailed analysis, using AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction), allowed stricter comparisons among individual varieties. With the exception of the variety Deben, different varieties performed well in terms of yield and stability in the two systems. In particular, Tanker performed well in the non-organic trials, but was below average under organic conditions, whereas Renan gave the reverse response. The results indicate the importance of specific trials for non-organic and organic variety performance evaluation.
- Published
- 2008
3. Organic winter wheat: optimising planting
- Author
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Haigh, Z. E. L., Baddeley, J. A., Boyd, H. E., Clarke, S., Jones, H., Rees, R. M., and Wolfe, M. S.
- Subjects
Crop combinations and interactions ,Weed management - Abstract
Data from the second year of experiments at three sites (Wakelyns in SE and Sheepdrove in SW England; and Chapel Farm in SE Scotland) to investigate the effects of interactions among a range of agronomic practices (row spacing, seed density, weeding and undersowing with clover) on winter wheat performance are presented, and compared with first year results. Trends seen at all years and sites indicate that narrow row drill arrangements with high seed rates result in the highest yields. This combination also performed well for emergence and establishment. The effect of drill arrangement was significant (P
- Published
- 2008
4. The identification and production of varieties that increase the value of oats as a profitable component of organic production
- Author
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Clarke, S M, Haigh, Z, Hinchsliffe, K E, Jones, H E, and Wolfe, M S
- Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds - Abstract
Two experiments, one comprising husked, and the other naked, oats were established at Wakelyns Agroforestry, Suffolk in October 2004 to determine traits and varieties of oats suited to organic systems, and whether growing variety mixtures conferred any advantage. Unselected F2 breeding lines were also included for selection. Husked varieties had relatively higher yields; this may have been partly the result of poor establishment in the naked varieties. Variety height was found to be an important characteristic; tall oat varieties out-yielded the dwarfs. Two of the three variety mixtures containing the naked oat variety Expression yielded 8 and 9 % higher than the average of the component varieties. The data will be verified in the second year of replicated trials (2005/06), which will include the best performing husked and naked varieties, and a mixture of superior IGER-bred F2 breeding lines.
- Published
- 2006
5. Evolutionary breeding of healthy wheat: from plot to farm
- Author
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Wolfe, M S, Hinchsliffe, K E, Clarke, S M, Jones, H, Haigh, Z, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, and Younie, D
- Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds - Abstract
Genetically diverse Composite Cross Populations (CCPs) may be useful in environmentally variable low-input systems as an alternative to pure line varieties. They are formed by hybridising lines with diverse evolutionary origins, bulking the F1 progeny, and allowing natural selection of the progeny in successive crop environments. CCPs derived from 10 high yielding parents (YCCPs), 12 high quality parents (QCCPs), or all 22 parents (YQCCPs), were grown at four sites (2 organic, 2 conventional) in the UK; they are currently (2006) in F5. The YCCPs out yielded the QCCPs, which had better quality characteristics. Although the CCPs performed within the range of the parents, the values obtained were often better than the mean of the parents. Some population samples are now being grown on farms and other sites in England, France, Germany and Hungary.
- Published
- 2006
6. Sustainable production of organic wheat
- Author
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Haigh, Z E L, Clarke, S, Hinchsliffe, K, Jones, H, Wolfe, M S, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, and Younie, D
- Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection ,food and beverages ,Breeding, genetics and propagation ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds - Abstract
The aim of the project is to use an ecological approach to analyse the interactions of a range of key agronomic variables in organic wheat production (wheat genotype, spatial arrangement of seed, seed density and wheat/white clover bi-cropping) to determine an optimal approach to improved and stabilised production. The fi rst set of data revealed that seedling competition was infl uenced by seed rate and drilling arrangement. Furthermore, the variety Hereward had increased emergence and establishment to Aristos. An interaction exists between wheat variety, seed rate and drilling arrangement on the level of canopy cover at different developmental stages โ these factors are important for the suppression of weeds. The input of farmers in the selection of trial variables ensures results have a direct application to the industry. The results of yield and quality at harvest will provide further insights into the interaction of agronomic variables.
- Published
- 2006
7. Developing a partcipatory approach to seed production and varietal selection
- Author
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Jones, H, Clarke, S M, Haigh, Z, Hinchsliffe, K, Wolfe, M S, Thomas, J, Gibbon, D, Harris, F, Lyon, F, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, and Younie, D
- Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection ,Cereals, pulses and oilseeds ,Systems research and participatory research - Abstract
The performance of UK winter wheat varieties was tested under organic conditions involving farmer participation. Three breadmaking varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and their mixture (1:1:1) were grown at 19 UK farms in 2003/04 and 2004/05. The variability of productivity on organic farms was illustrated with more variation among farm sites than among varieties. Seed health was generally high over all sites. Although the trials were successful, more time was needed at project initiation to improve farmer involvement. Some farmers expected more researcher visits, and were reticent about assessing the trials themselves. In contrast, some participants valued the variety performance data on their farms particularly when related to that of other growers. The balance between the goals of the researchers relative to the farmers needs to be defined at project initiation.
- Published
- 2006
8. Developing a partcipatory approach to seed production and varietal selection
- Author
-
Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Jones, H, Clarke, S M, Haigh, Z, Hinchsliffe, K, Wolfe, M S, Thomas, J, Gibbon, D, Harris, F, Lyon, F, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Jones, H, Clarke, S M, Haigh, Z, Hinchsliffe, K, Wolfe, M S, Thomas, J, Gibbon, D, Harris, F, and Lyon, F
- Abstract
The performance of UK winter wheat varieties was tested under organic conditions involving farmer participation. Three breadmaking varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and their mixture (1:1:1) were grown at 19 UK farms in 2003/04 and 2004/05. The variability of productivity on organic farms was illustrated with more variation among farm sites than among varieties. Seed health was generally high over all sites. Although the trials were successful, more time was needed at project initiation to improve farmer involvement. Some farmers expected more researcher visits, and were reticent about assessing the trials themselves. In contrast, some participants valued the variety performance data on their farms particularly when related to that of other growers. The balance between the goals of the researchers relative to the farmers needs to be defined at project initiation.
- Published
- 2006
9. Evolutionary breeding of healthy wheat: from plot to farm
- Author
-
Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Wolfe, M S, Hinchsliffe, K E, Clarke, S M, Jones, H, Haigh, Z, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Wolfe, M S, Hinchsliffe, K E, Clarke, S M, Jones, H, and Haigh, Z
- Abstract
Genetically diverse Composite Cross Populations (CCPs) may be useful in environmentally variable low-input systems as an alternative to pure line varieties. They are formed by hybridising lines with diverse evolutionary origins, bulking the F1 progeny, and allowing natural selection of the progeny in successive crop environments. CCPs derived from 10 high yielding parents (YCCPs), 12 high quality parents (QCCPs), or all 22 parents (YQCCPs), were grown at four sites (2 organic, 2 conventional) in the UK; they are currently (2006) in F5. The YCCPs out yielded the QCCPs, which had better quality characteristics. Although the CCPs performed within the range of the parents, the values obtained were often better than the mean of the parents. Some population samples are now being grown on farms and other sites in England, France, Germany and Hungary.
- Published
- 2006
10. Sustainable production of organic wheat
- Author
-
Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Haigh, Z E L, Clarke, S, Hinchsliffe, K, Jones, H, Wolfe, M S, Atkinson, C, Ball, B, Davies, D H K, Rees, R, Russell, G, Stockdale, E A, Watson, C A, Walker, R, Younie, D, Haigh, Z E L, Clarke, S, Hinchsliffe, K, Jones, H, and Wolfe, M S
- Abstract
The aim of the project is to use an ecological approach to analyse the interactions of a range of key agronomic variables in organic wheat production (wheat genotype, spatial arrangement of seed, seed density and wheat/white clover bi-cropping) to determine an optimal approach to improved and stabilised production. The fi rst set of data revealed that seedling competition was infl uenced by seed rate and drilling arrangement. Furthermore, the variety Hereward had increased emergence and establishment to Aristos. An interaction exists between wheat variety, seed rate and drilling arrangement on the level of canopy cover at different developmental stages โ these factors are important for the suppression of weeds. The input of farmers in the selection of trial variables ensures results have a direct application to the industry. The results of yield and quality at harvest will provide further insights into the interaction of agronomic variables.
- Published
- 2006
11. The effect of the year of wheat variety release on productivity and stability of performance on two organic and two non-organic farms
- Author
-
JONES, H., primary, CLARKE, S., additional, HAIGH, Z., additional, PEARCE, H., additional, and WOLFE, M., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Induced neural phase precession through exogeneous electric fields.
- Author
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Wischnewski M, Tran H, Zhao Z, Shirinpour S, Haigh ZJ, Rotteveel J, Perera ND, Alekseichuk I, Zimmermann J, and Opitz A
- Abstract
The gradual shifting of preferred neural spiking relative to local field potentials (LFPs), known as phase precession, plays a prominent role in neural coding. Correlations between the phase precession and behavior have been observed throughout various brain regions. As such, phase precession is suggested to be a global neural mechanism that promotes local neuroplasticity. However, causal evidence and neuroplastic mechanisms of phase precession are lacking so far. Here we show a causal link between LFP dynamics and phase precession. In three experiments, we modulated LFPs in humans, a non-human primate, and computational models using alternating current stimulation. We show that continuous stimulation of motor cortex oscillations in humans lead to a gradual phase shift of maximal corticospinal excitability by ~90°. Further, exogenous alternating current stimulation induced phase precession in a subset of entrained neurons (~30%) in the non-human primate. Multiscale modeling of realistic neural circuits suggests that alternating current stimulation-induced phase precession is driven by NMDA-mediated synaptic plasticity. Altogether, the three experiments provide mechanistic and causal evidence for phase precession as a global neocortical process. Alternating current-induced phase precession and consequently synaptic plasticity is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic neuromodulation methods.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Right hemisphere structural adaptation and changing language skills years after left hemisphere stroke.
- Author
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Hope TMH, Leff AP, Prejawa S, Bruce R, Haigh Z, Lim L, Ramsden S, Oberhuber M, Ludersdorfer P, Crinion J, Seghier ML, and Price CJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aphasia diagnostic imaging, Aphasia etiology, Aphasia rehabilitation, Cerebral Cortex diagnostic imaging, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Language Therapy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Stroke complications, Stroke diagnostic imaging, Adaptation, Physiological physiology, Aphasia physiopathology, Cerebral Cortex physiopathology, Functional Laterality physiology, Functional Neuroimaging methods, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Stroke physiopathology
- Abstract
Stroke survivors with acquired language deficits are commonly thought to reach a 'plateau' within a year of stroke onset, after which their residual language skills will remain stable. Nevertheless, there have been reports of patients who appear to recover over years. Here, we analysed longitudinal change in 28 left-hemisphere stroke patients, each more than a year post-stroke when first assessed-testing each patient's spoken object naming skills and acquiring structural brain scans twice. Some of the patients appeared to improve over time while others declined; both directions of change were associated with, and predictable given, structural adaptation in the intact right hemisphere of the brain. Contrary to the prevailing view that these patients' language skills are stable, these results imply that real change continues over years. The strongest brain-behaviour associations (the 'peak clusters') were in the anterior temporal lobe and the precentral gyrus. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we confirmed that both regions are actively involved when neurologically normal control subjects name visually presented objects, but neither appeared to be involved when the same participants used a finger press to make semantic association decisions on the same stimuli. This suggests that these regions serve word-retrieval or articulatory functions in the undamaged brain. We teased these interpretations apart by reference to change in other tasks. Consistent with the claim that the real change is occurring here, change in spoken object naming was correlated with change in two other similar tasks, spoken action naming and written object naming, each of which was independently associated with structural adaptation in similar (overlapping) right hemisphere regions. Change in written object naming, which requires word-retrieval but not articulation, was also significantly more correlated with both (i) change in spoken object naming; and (ii) structural adaptation in the two peak clusters, than was change in another task-auditory word repetition-which requires articulation but not word retrieval. This suggests that the changes in spoken object naming reflected variation at the level of word-retrieval processes. Surprisingly, given their qualitatively similar activation profiles, hypertrophy in the anterior temporal region was associated with improving behaviour, while hypertrophy in the precentral gyrus was associated with declining behaviour. We predict that either or both of these regions might be fruitful targets for neural stimulation studies (suppressing the precentral region and/or enhancing the anterior temporal region), aiming to encourage recovery or arrest decline even years after stroke occurs., (© The Author (2017). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. A comparison of remote therapy, face to face therapy and an attention control intervention for people with aphasia: a quasi-randomised controlled feasibility study.
- Author
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Woolf C, Caute A, Haigh Z, Galliers J, Wilson S, Kessie A, Hirani S, Hegarty B, and Marshall J
- Subjects
- Aged, Attention, Communication, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Aphasia rehabilitation, Telerehabilitation
- Abstract
Objective: To test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial comparing face to face and remotely delivered word finding therapy for people with aphasia., Design: A quasi-randomised controlled feasibility study comparing remote therapy delivered from a University lab, remote therapy delivered from a clinical site, face to face therapy and an attention control condition., Setting: A University lab and NHS outpatient service., Participants: Twenty-one people with aphasia following left hemisphere stroke., Interventions: Eight sessions of word finding therapy, delivered either face to face or remotely, were compared to an attention control condition comprising eight sessions of remotely delivered supported conversation. The remote conditions used mainstream video conferencing technology., Outcome Measures: Feasibility was assessed by recruitment and attrition rates, participant observations and interviews, and treatment fidelity checking. Effects of therapy on word retrieval were assessed by tests of picture naming and naming in conversation., Results: Twenty-one participants were recruited over 17 months, with one lost at baseline. Compliance and satisfaction with the intervention was good. Treatment fidelity was high for both remote and face to face delivery (1251/1421 therapist behaviours were compliant with the protocol). Participants who received therapy improved on picture naming significantly more than controls (mean numerical gains: 20.2 (remote from University); 41 (remote from clinical site); 30.8 (face to face); 5.8 (attention control); P <.001). There were no significant differences between groups in the assessment of conversation., Conclusions: Word finding therapy can be delivered via mainstream internet video conferencing. Therapy improved picture naming, but not naming in conversation., (© The Author(s) 2015.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The PLORAS Database: A data repository for Predicting Language Outcome and Recovery After Stroke.
- Author
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Seghier ML, Patel E, Prejawa S, Ramsden S, Selmer A, Lim L, Browne R, Rae J, Haigh Z, Ezekiel D, Hope TMH, Leff AP, and Price CJ
- Subjects
- Brain pathology, Cognition, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Language Disorders etiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Prognosis, Quality Control, Recovery of Function, Speech Disorders etiology, Speech Disorders rehabilitation, Stroke pathology, Databases, Factual, Language Disorders rehabilitation, Stroke psychology, Stroke Rehabilitation, Treatment Outcome
- Abstract
The PLORAS Database is a relational repository of anatomical and functional imaging data that has primarily been acquired from stroke survivors, along with standardized scores on a wide range of sensory, motor and cognitive abilities, demographic details and medical history. As of January 2015, we have data from 750 patients with an expected accrual rate of 200 patients per year. Expansion will accelerate as we extend our collaborations. The main aim of the database is to Predict Language Outcome and Recovery After Stroke (PLORAS) on the basis of a single structural (anatomical) brain scan that indexes the stereotactic location and extent of brain damage. Predictions are made for individual patients by indicating how other patients with the most similar brain damage, cognitive abilities and demographic details recovered their language skills over time. Predictions are validated by longitudinal follow-ups of patients who initially presented with speech and language difficulties. The PLORAS Database can also be used to predict recovery of other cognitive abilities on the basis of anatomical brain scans. The functional imaging data can be used to understand the neural mechanisms that support recovery from brain damage; and all the data can be used to understand the main sources of inter-subject variability in structure-function mappings in the human brain. Data will be made available for sharing, subject to: funding, ethical approval and patient consent., (Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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