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The critical factors to consider when implementing a maintenance plan for energy transmission lines are, accuracy, speed, and time, because of the increased global demand for electricity power caused by rapid development, and overuse of electric power transmission lines (both underground cables and overhead transmission lines), which in turn reduces the efficiency of the lines. Consequently, the efficiency of the lines may be reduced as a result of overuse or other activities like excavation that may have tampered with the cables. Thus, it becomes important to investigate the faults to which the lines are exposed. To this end, this article focuses on the detection of fault in transmission lines through the use of k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Using this algorithm, the characteristics were obtained (voltage, current), and these characteristics enable the identification of faults in the transmission lines, and in the specific location (the entire system, phase B, and phase A). The benefits that can be derived from the use of this algorithm include time, accuracy, speed, which are the requirements for the maintenance of transmission lines. Euclidean distance used in the application of the k-nearest neighbor technique for weights, and K = 3 for number of neighbors. The dataset was split into two parts, 70% training set and 30% testing set.

Internet of Things (IOT) devices and monitoring systems are essential for the accurate, reliable, and proper functioning of photovoltaic (PV) solar energy systems. The data acquisition and monitoring system ensure adequate operation and ascertain system malfunctions before they become significant problems. The IOT integrates ordinary items using modern technology in the physical scope. It is all feasible to utility voltage, current, temperature, and humidity sensors. The current research focuses on developing a cost-effective, accessible, and steadfast data monitoring system. A microcontroller-based data logger is stored in a cloud. The data can be downloaded directly from the website using the IoT technique because photovoltaic (PV) panels are built-in faraway locations and humans cannot reach them. The suggested system demonstrates the online utilization of solar PV power.

The movement of cash flow transactions by either electronic channels or physically created openings for the influx of counterfeit banknotes in financial markets. Aided by global economic integration and expanding international trade, attention must be geared at robust techniques for the recognition and detection of counterfeit banknotes. This paper presents ensemble learning algorithms for banknotes detection. The AdaBoost and voting ensemble are deployed in combination with machine learning algorithms. Improved detection accuracies are produced by the ensemble methods. Simulation results certify that the ensemble models of AdaBoost and voting provided accuracies of up to 100% for counterfeit banknotes.

This paper presents a methodology for enhancement of panorama images environment by calculating high dynamic range. Panorama is constructing by merge of several photographs that are capturing by traditional cameras at different exposure times. Traditional cameras usually have much lower dynamic range compared to the high dynamic range in the real panorama environment, where the images are captured with traditional cameras will have regions that are too bright or too dark. A more details will be visible in bright regions with a lower exposure time and more details will be visible in dark regions with a higher exposure time. Since the details in both bright and dark regions cannot preserve in the images that are creating using traditional cameras, the proposed system have to calculate one using the images that traditional camera can actually produce. The proposed systems start by get LDR panorama image from multiple LDR images using SIFT features technology and then convert this LDR panorama image to the HDR panorama image using inverted local patterns. The results in this paper explained that the HDR panorama images that resulting from the proposed method is more realistic image and appears as it is a real panorama environment.