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Abstract The prognostic value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics in primary high-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients treated with novel hormonal therapy agents is still unclear. Here, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 102 patients with primary high-volume mHSPC who received novel hormonal therapy agents. The median follow-up was 32.25 ± 14.51 months and the median nadir PSA (nPSA) was 0.20 (0.06, 11.71) ng/mL after treatment. The mean time to nPSA was 10.82 ± 7.27 months and 55 patients (53.9%) had a PSA-density (PSA-D) ≤ 0.08 at 3-months. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the absence of visceral metastases, nPSA ≤ 0.2 and PSA-D ≤ 0.08 were independent prognostic factors for better PFS and OS (all P

Uncertainty measurement is one of the important issues in rough sets. Although some uncertainty measures to evaluate the uncertainty of ordered information systems have been investigated, the definitions of existing uncertainty measures in ordered information systems are mainly based on information theory approach, and few studies is based on pure rough set approach. In this paper, the concepts of six different upper and lower approximations and corresponding uncertainty measurement including accuracy, roughness and approximation accuracy are provided. Some properties and relationships among six different uncertainty measures are investigated. Theoretical analysis indicates that these measures can be used to measure the uncertainty in ordered information systems, and some illustrative examples are employed to demonstrate our conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]