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While Wilms tumors are the most frequently detected kidney cancer type in children, extrarenal Wilms tumors (ERWTs) remain rare. This report is the first to describe hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy in a patient with an ERWT. A 6-month-old male infant presented with an abdominal mass and paroxysmal hypertension; echocardiography revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with an ejection fraction of 34%, as well as substantially increased plasma renin activity. Pathology yielded a definitive diagnosis of ERWT. Cardiac function and blood pressure gradually returned to normal after tumorectomy. The early diagnosis of such a tumor together with efficient oncologic treatment are vital to optimal patient outcomes.

The cancer-targeting gene virotherapy might be a useful strategy for the treatment of cancer, because it could combine the advantages of both gene therapy and virotherapy. This study aimed to construct a triple-regulated oncolytic adenovirus, Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143, carrying the therapeutic gene miR-143 and evaluate its possible antitumor effect in colorectal cancer. We observed that miR-143 was lowly expressed in patients with colorectal cancer. The upregulation of miR-143 could inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis by targeting KRAS in colorectal cancer cells. Then, Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 was successfully constructed in this study. Cells infected with Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 could inhibit cell proliferation, suppress cell migration and invasion, arrest cells at the G1 phase, and induce cellular apoptosis. At the same time, Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 decreased the expression of PARP-1 and KRAS protein in vitro. In a HCT116 xenograft model, intratumoral injection of Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 resulted in reduced tumor growth. Furthermore, Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 induced apoptosis and decreased the expression level of KRAS in HCT116 xenograft cells. Our results suggested that Ad-RGD-Survivin-ZD55-miR-143 produced a strong antitumor effect by targeting KRAS and that this strategy could broaden the therapeutic options for treating colorectal cancer. Keywords: colorectal cancer, oncolytic adenovirus, microRNA-143, KRAS

There are scarce studies on radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial flutter (AFL) in the pediatric population. This study therefore aimed to investigate the clinical features and RFCA of AFL in children with or without congenital heart disease. Data from 72 consecutive children (44 males; mean age, 6.1 ± 3.8 [0.9-15.0] years; and mean weight, 23.6 ± 13.9 [8.1-72.0] kg) undergoing RFCA for AFL from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-three patients had normal cardiac structure and 39 had congenital heart disease (CHD) of whom 29 had undergone surgical repair and developed AFL at a mean of 3.1 ± 2.5 years later. Fifty-nine patients (84%) presented with persistent AFL. Five patients (7%) had cardiac dysfunction with LVEF of 30-48%, which normalized after ablation. Overall, acute success rate of ablation was 99% and recurrence rate was 18% at 0.5-10 years of follow-up. No procedure-related complications were identified. All 33 patients with normal cardiac structure had cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent AFL. Among patients who had undergone corrective surgery for CHD, 15 (52%) had CTI-dependent AFL, 4 (14%) had surgical incisional scar reentrant AFL and the remaining 10 (34%) had both CTI-dependent and scar reentrant AFL. Success rate (100% vs. 97%, P = 1.0000) and recurrence rate (21% vs. 16%, P = 0.7008) were similar between patients with and without CHD. Overall, sick sinus syndrome (SSS) was found in 42% (30/72) of patients with AFL, with an incidence of 39% (13/33) among patients with normal cardiac structure and 59% (17/29) among those who underwent surgery for congenital defects. Permanent pacemakers (PM) were implanted in 53% (16/30) of patients with SSS after ablation. RFCA therefore appeared efficacious and safe for treatment of pediatric AFL. The mechanisms underlying AFL after corrective surgery for CHD are complex, including CTI-dependent macro-reentrant, scar reentrant, or a combination of both. SSS is not rare among pediatric AFL cases, with approximately half of patients needing PM implantation.

The safety and feasibility of 3-D laparoscopy-assisted bowel resection were demonstrated in the management of rectal cancer. However, this procedure's role in the management of patients with diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum has not been evaluated. Here, two patients were diagnosed with diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum by colonoscopy and abdominal imaging. One case underwent pull-through transection and coloanal anastomosis in 3-D laparoscopy-assisted surgery. In another patient, 3-D laparoscopy-assisted abdominoperineal resection was performed. The operations were safely performed in both cases. The two patients recovered uneventfully, and satisfactory postoperative outcomes were demonstrated. This report shows that 3-D laparoscopy-assisted bowel resection may be safe and feasible for patients with diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum.

Background: Tumor deposits are one of the promising factors among the different edition of Tumor, Node, Metastasis classification. Despite improvement in the treatment of various types of metastatic disease the source and prognostic significance of tumor deposits in staging has not been deliberating the agreeable opinion. We investigated the possibility of tumor deposit as independent prognostic factor and evaluating its prognostic value in colorectal carcinoma patients. Methods: Author studied 313 colorectal cancer patients clinocopathological data and outcome who underwent radical resection. Data between 2011-2015 were retrospectively collected from Shanghai East Hospital, affiliated with Tongji University data information centre. The analysis was used to calculate 2 years disease free survival(DFS) and relation of tumor deposit with number of lymph node positive. Cox-regression analysis was performed to assess the prognostic factor. Results: Out of 313 colorectal patients included in the study, tumor deposits were detected in 17%. Tumor deposits (TDs) are relevantly associated with significant poor outcomes. The tumor deposit were significantly correlated with T-stage(P=

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening lung disease, characterized by an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure caused by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. The pathogenesis of PH is not fully understood, and there is a lack of potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PH. Non-coding RNAs with a characteristic covalently closed loop structure, termed circular RNAs (circRNAs), are present in a number of pulmonary diseases. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to use microarray analysis to determine the expression profile of circRNAs in lung tissues from mice with hypoxia-induced PH. In total, 23 significantly upregulated and 41 significantly down-regulated circRNAs were identified. Of these, 12 differentially expressed circRNAs were selected for further validation using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Putative microRNAs (miRNAs) that bind to the dysregulated circRNAs were predicted. Subsequently, bioinformatics tools were used to construct circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks for the two most promising circRNAs, namely mmu_circRNA_004592 and mmu_circRNA_018351. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses of target genes of the dysregulated circRNAs revealed that these dysregulated circRNAs may serve an important role in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced PH. Therefore, these dysregulated circRNAs are candidate diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for PH.

Although laparoscopic colectomy shows superior short-term outcomes and similar oncologic outcomes in comparison to conventional open colectomy, incision-related complications have weakened its advantages. The natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has been considered as the most perfect surgical approach. However, monumental technical hurdles have precluded widely adoption of this technique. As a transient mode, the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) emerges as the times require. Although it is accepted by surgeons for the treatment of colorectal cancer, there are still many disputes that need to be solved.

Increased lymph node count (LNC) has been associated with prolonged survival in colorectal cancer (CRC), but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. The study aims to identify new predictors and develop a preoperative nomogram for predicting the probability of adequate LNC (≥ 12). 501 eligible patients were retrospectively selected to identify clinical-pathological factors associated with LNC ≥ 12 through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The nomogram was built according to multivariate analyses of preoperative factors. Model performance was assessed with concordance index (c-index) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), followed by internal validation and calibration using 1000-resample bootstrapping. Clinical validity of the nomogram and LNC impact on stage migration were also evaluated. Multivariate analyses showed patient age, CA19-9, circulating lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, tumor diameter, histology and deposit significantly correlated with LNC (P < 0.05). The effects were marginal for CEA, anemia and CRC location (0.05 < P < 0.1). The multivariate analyses of preoperative factors suggested decreased age, CEA, CA19-9, neutrophils, proximal location, and increased platelets and diameter were significantly associated with increased probability of LNC ≥ 12 (P < 0.05). The nomogram achieved c-indexes of 0.75 and 0.73 before and after correction for overfitting. The AUC was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.70-0.79) and the clinically valid threshold probabilities were between 10% and 60% for the nomogram to predict LNC < 12. Additionally, increased probability of adequate LNC before surgery was associated with increased LNC and negative lymph nodes rather than increased positive lymph nodes, lymph node ratio, pN stages or AJCC stages. Collectively, the results indicate the LNC is multifactorial and irrelevant to stage migration. The significant correlations with preoperative circulating markers may provide new explanations for LNC-related survival advantage which is reflected by the implication of regional and systemic antitumor immune responses.

Limonium sinense (Girard) Kuntze is a traditional Chinese folk medicine used for the treatment of fever, hemorrhage, hepatitis and other disorders. The study focused on the antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of L. sinense polysaccharides (LSP) which was obtained from the root of the plant. The antitumor effects of only LSP and LSP in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were both evaluated with Heps-bearing tumor mice models. In addition, the macrophage phagocytosis assay, splenocyte proliferation and cytokines production tests were used to assess the immunomodulatory activities of LSP. The results revealed that the LSP (at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg) had an obvious inhibition on the growth of transplanted mouse tumor. It also exhibited a significant synergistic effect of antitumor activity when combined with 5-FU (p0.05). Furthermore, the LSP (at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg) remarkably improved macrophage phagocytosis function in immune suppressed mice. In addition, LSP (at the dose of 50-200 μg/ml) showed significant synergistic effects on ConA-stimulated proliferation and IFN-γ and IL-2 production of splenocyte in vitro (p0.05). These findings suggest that LSP had clear antitumor activity which might be related to its regulation of immune function in mice.

Background: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising candidate biomarker for detection, monitoring and survival prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its prognostic significance for patients with CRC remains controversial. To derive a precise estimation of the prognostic significance of cfDNA, a meta-analysis was performed. Methods: We made a systematic search in data base of the Science Citation Index Embase and Pubmed for studies reporting prognostic data of cfDNA in CRC patients. The data of cfDNA on recurrences-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were extracted and measured in hazard rates (HRs) and 95% confident intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were carried out as well. Finally, the meta-analysis is accompanied with nine studies including 19 subunits. Results: The pooled HRs with 95% CIs revealed strong associations between cfDNA and RFS (HR [95%CI]=2.78[2.08-3.72], I2=32.23%, n=7) along with OS (HR [95%CI]=3.03[2.51-3.66], I2=29.24%, n=12) in patients with CRC. Entire subgroup analyses indicated strong prognostic value of cfDNA irrespective tumor stage, study size, tumor markers, detection methods and marker origin. Conclusions: All the results exhibits that appearance of cfDNA in blood is an indicator for adverse RFS and OS in CRC patients.

AIM: To compare the results of transvaginal cholecystectomy (TVC) and conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) for gallbladder disease. METHODS: We performed a literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, MetaRegister of Controlled Trials, Chinese Medical Journal database and Wanfang Data for trials comparing outcomes between TVC and CLC. Data were extracted by two authors. Mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratios and risk rate with 95%CIs were calculated using fixed- or random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated with the χ2 test. The fixed-effects model was used in the absence of statistically significant heterogeneity. The random-effects model was chosen when heterogeneity was found. RESULTS: There were 730 patients in nine controlled clinical trials. No significant difference was found regarding demographic characteristics (P > 0.5), including anesthetic risk score, age, body mass index, and abdominal surgical history between the TVC and CLC groups. Both groups had similar mortality, morbidity, and return to work after surgery. Patients in the TVC group had a lower pain score on postoperative day 1 (SMD: -0.957, 95%CI: -1.488 to -0.426, P < 0.001), needed less postoperative analgesic medication (SMD: -0.574, 95%CI: -0.807 to -0.341, P < 0.001) and stayed for a shorter time in hospital (MD: -1.004 d, 95%CI: -1.779 to 0.228, P = 0.011), but had longer operative time (MD: 17.307 min, 95%CI: 6.789 to 27.826, P = 0.001). TVC had no significant influence on postoperative sexual function and quality of life. Better cosmetic results and satisfaction were achieved in the TVC group. CONCLUSION: TVC is safe and effective for gallbladder disease. However, vaginal injury might occur, and further trials are needed to compare TVC with CLC.

Assemblies of 1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene (bbtz) and Co(NCS)2 afford three supramolecular isomers [Co(bbtz)2(NCS)2]n of square grid networks depending on the assembly conditions. Polymer transformation phenomena are observed among them. Conformation analysis of the ligand is presented to understand the flexibility of the bbtz ligand that influences the assembly topological architectures.

Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are metastatic cells disseminated into the bloodstreams. They have been proposed to monitor disease progression for decades. However, the prognostic value of CTCs in gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the topic. Methods A systematic search was made for relevant studies in academic data bases, involving the Medline, Embase, and Science Citation Index. Data on prognosis of GC patients, such as recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), were extracted when possible. The meta-analysis was performed with the random effects model and the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their associated 95% confident intervals (95%CIs) were computed as effect measures. Results Twenty six studies (including 40 subgroups) with peripheral blood samples of 1950 cases from 10 countries were included in the final analysis. The pooled results showed that GC patients with detectable CTCs (including circulating miRNAs) had a tendency to experience shortened RFS (HR = 2.91, 95% CI [1.84-4.61], I2 = 52.18%, n = 10). As for patient deaths, we found a similar association of CTC (including circulating miRNAs) presence with worse OS (HR = 1.78, 95% CI [1.49-2.12], I2 = 30.71%, n = 30). Additionally, subgroup analyses indicated strong prognostic powers of CTCs, irrespective of geographical, methodological, detection time and sample size differences of the studies. Conclusions Our meta-analysis shows that CTCs (including circulating miRNAs) can predict the survival of GC patients. Large prospective studies are warranted to determine the best sampling time points, detection methods in homogeneous patients with GC in the future. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-773) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Rhomboid domain containing 1 (RHBDD1), is a member of the rhomboid protease family, which has a pivotal role in the progression of numerous severe malignancies. However, its role in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, RHBDD1 was shown to be widely expressed in CRC cell lines. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was employed to knockdown RHBDD1 expression in RKO CRC cells. Functional analyses indicated that depletion of RHBDD1 expression resulted in significantly reduced CRC cell proliferation and colony formation, and induced a G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. The findings of the present study suggest that RHBDD1 may contribute to CRC tumorigenesis and serve as a potential therapeutic target in human CRC.

Several tumor suppressor genes were shown to be inactivated by a process involving aberrant de novo methylation of their GC-rich promoters which is usually associated with transcriptional repression. The mechanisms underlying this process are poorly understood. In particular this abnormal methylation may be caused and/or maintained by either deficiency of some trans-acting factor(s) or by various malfunctions acting in cis. Here we studied the nature of aberrant methylation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease tumor suppressor gene in a human clear cell renal carcinoma cell line, UOK 121, that contains a silent hypermethylated endogenous VHL allele. First, we transfected unmethylated VHL transgenes, driven by the VHL promoter, into UOK 121 cells. Next, to exclude possible position effects that may influence methylation of the introduced VHL genes, we transferred a single chromosome 3, carrying an apparently normal hypomethylated VHL allele into the UOK 121 cells. Finally, we created somatic cell hybrids between UOK 121 and UMRC 6 cells containing a mutant VHL-expressing hypomethylated allele. In these three experiments both the methylation of the VHL promoter and the transcriptional status of the introduced and endogenous VHL alleles remained unchanged. Our results demonstrate that the putative trans-acting factors present in the UOK 121 and UMRC 6 cells are unable to induce changes in methylation pattern of the VHL alleles in all cell lines and hybrids studied. Taken together, the results indicate that cis-specific local features are pivotal in maintaining and perpetuating aberrant methylation of the VHL CpG island. Contribution of some putative trans-acting factors cannot be excluded during a period when the aberrant VHL methylation pattern was first generated.

Isolation of cell lines that display various degrees of transformed phenotypes may be very useful to clarify multistep mechanisms of oncogenesis, but malignant transformation of human diploid fibroblasts in culture is a very rare event. We attempted to isolate variously transformed cell lines from human diploid fibroblasts (RB) of a patient with hereditary retinoblastoma. The RB cells exhibited normal karyotypes with the exception of one copy of chromosome 13, which contained a large deletion at the q14–22 region, where the RB1 gene is located. By transfection with SV40 early genes and repeated passage, we succeeded in obtaining SV40-transfected mortal, immortalized, anchorage-independent, and tumorigenic RB cell lines. DNA fingerprinting showed that these cell lines were not contaminants, but derivatives of the original RB cells. The remaining RB1 allele may be wild-type even in the malignant cell lines, because the expression and the LT-binding ability were normal. Furthermore, we did not find any homozygous loss in 16 polymorphic markers located in the 13q14–22 region in the transformed cell lines. However, introduction of a copy of a normal chromosome 13 into the anchorage-independent cell line suppressed its anchorage-independent growth ability. All these data, together with the fact that the RB cells containing the deletion progressed to a tumorigenic state spontaneously, but normal fibroblasts did not, raise the possibility that a new tumor suppressor gene, located at 13q14–22, may play a critical role in neoplastic transformation. We conclude that these RB cell lines provide an excellent system for identification of genes involved in malignant transformation of human cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 26:47–53, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Colorectal cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a high mortality rate; however, effective therapies are currently lacking. Cancer-targeting gene-virotherapy (CTGVT) has been proposed to be a promising strategy for cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antitumor activity of the oncolytic adenovirus harboring Lipocalin-2 (ZD55-Lipocalin-2, an example of CTGVT) in colorectal cancer. ZD55-Lipocalin-2 was generated by deleting E1B55-KD and inserting the Lipocalin-2 gene. Its cytopathic effects and cell growth inhibition were detected in vitro, and antitumor effects were examined in a nude mouse model of human colorectal cancer xenografts. Results showed that ZD55-Lipocalin-2 significantly inhibited the colorectal cancer growth by selective cytolysis, inducing apoptosis and decreasing the microvessel density in tumors. The anticancer potential of ZD55-Lipocalin-2 showed stronger than that of the isolated Lipocalin-2 gene therapy or isolated ZD55 oncolytic adenovirus therapy. ZD55-Lipocalin-2 may serve as a potential anticancer agent for colorectal cancer treatment.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a crucial contributor and indicator for cancer metastasis. The presence of CTCs and other two forms of occult disease including circulating tumor microembolus (CTMs) as well as disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) as a sign for micrometastasis has been associated with adverse survival of both localized and metastatic cancers. However, their assignments in micrometastasis are still not well understood. This mini-review is aimed to provide an overview of the biological features and the clinical impact of CTCs, DTCs and CTM in gastric cancer (GC), and to summarize the technical limitations of detection methods in addition to the significance of distinct migration modes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and gastric micrometastasis. Although there are controversies over current CTC identification strategies, both single and collective migration modes as indispensable parts of micrometastasis are influential participants in GC progression, diagnosis and prognosis. CTCs, CTM and DTCs are not separated forms of the occult disease; however available techniques fail to detect all subsets of them. Therefore, micrometastatic detection should be combined with conventional pathological examinations in order to make more accurate predictions of tumor outcomes. Novel markers further defining the features of CTC subsets are warranted.

Aim: Gefitinib is effective in only approximately 20% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the underlying mecha - nism remains unclear. FoxM1 is upregulated in NSCLC and associated with a poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. In this study, we examined the possible role of FoxM1 in gefitinib resistance and the related mechanisms. Methods: Gefitinib resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cell line SPC-A-1 and gefitinib-sensitive human lung mucoepidermoid carci- noma cell line NCI-H292 were used. mRNA and protein expression of FoxM1 and other factors were tested with quantitative RT PCR and Western blot analysis. RNA interference was performed to suppress FoxM1 expression in SPC-A-1 cells, and lentiviral infection was used to overexpress FoxM1 in H292 cells. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to examine the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells. Results: Treatment of SPC-A-1 cells with gefitinib (1 and 10 µmol/L) upregulated the expression of FoxM1 in time- and concentration- dependent manners, while gefitinib (1 µmol/L) downregulated in H292 cells. In SPC-A-1 cells treated with gefitinib (1 µmol/L), the expression of several downstream targets of FoxM1, including survivin, cyclin B1, SKP2, PLK1, Aurora B kinase and CDC25B, were sig- nificantly upregulated. Overexpression of FoxM1 increased the resistance in H292 cells, while attenuated FoxM1 expression restored the sensitivity to gefitinib in SPC-A-1 cells by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Conclusion: The results suggest that FoxM1 plays an important role in the resistance of NSCLC cells to gefitinib in vitro . FoxM1 could be used as a therapeutic target to overcome the resistance to gefitinib.

In the crystal structure of the title 1:2 adduct, [Zn(2)(NCS)(4)(C(4)H(8)N(4))(2)]·2[Zn(NCS)(2)(C(4)H(8)N(4))(2)] or (Ia)·2(Ib), each Zn(II) atom is coordinated in a distorted tetra-hedral geometry by four N atoms from two triazole rings of two 4-amino-3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole (admt) ligands and two NCS(-) ligands. In (Ia), double N(1):N(2)-bridging admt ligands connect two Zn(II) atoms, forming a dimer with a Zn(2)(admt)(2) six-membered metallacycle located on a crystallographic inversion center. In (Ib), the admt ligands exhibit monodentate N(1)-coordination modes. Weak N-H⋯N, N-H⋯S and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds play an important role in the inter-molecular packing. The S and C atoms of two thiocyanato ligands are disordered over two sets of sites in ratios of 0.57 (3):0.43 (3) and 0.63 (3):0.37 (3), respectively.

Nosocomial infections (NIs) have become a matter of major concern in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The objectives of this study were to investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections of newborn infants in NICU and to explore the risk factors and strategies of infection control.The study enrolled 638 hospitalized newborn infants from Apr 2003 to Dec 2004. The clinical data, such as the clinical manifestation, the condition of colonized bacteria, were collected and analyzed by using SPSS software.There were 88 times of nosocomial infections in 74 newborn infants. The overall incidence of nosocomial infections was 11.6%. The mean duration from admission to first episode of NI was 7.98 +/- 4.58 days. The incidence density was 14.9 per 1000 NICU patient-days. Catheter-correlated hematogenous infection rate was 18 per 1000 umbilical or central line-days; the ventilator-associated nosocomial pneumonia rate was 63.3 per 1000 ventilator days. The smaller the gestational age and the lower the birth weight, the higher the incidences of nosocomial infection. The duration of hospitalization was longer in these infected infants than those non-infected infants. Univariate analysis indicated that gestational ageor = 32 W, the parenteral nutrition, birth weightor = 1500 g and mechanical ventilation, apnea, small for gestational age infant, central venous catheter (P0.05) were risk factors for NIs. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent risk factions: the parenteral nutrition ([OR] = 7.185 [95% CI, 3.399 - 15.188]), birth weightor = 1500 g ([OR] = 3.310 [95% CI, 1.100 - 9.963]) and mechanical ventilation ([OR] = 2.527 [95% CI, 1.092 - 5.850]). The most common infection was pneumonia (45.4%). The mortality rate of nosocomial infections was 4.1%. Bacterial surveillance was examined by nasopharyngeal and rectal swab culture immediately on hospital admission and then once a week. The incidence rate of NIs was 24.8% in patients whose nasopharyngeal and rectal swab culture indicated bacterial colonization, and 1.9% in patients without bacterial colonization (chi(2) = 79.7, P0.001).It is important to identify the high risk factors for nosocomial infections in newborn infants in NICU. Reducing the duration of the parenteral nutrition and the virulence manipulation as far as possible and getting the message of individual bacterial colonization in NICU may be conducive to decrease of the incidence of nosocomial infections and provide reference for rational clinical drug administration.

To evaluate the expression of cyclin D(1) in asthmatic mouse lungs, and to explore the role of cyclin D(1) in bronchial asthma and airway remodeling.Forty BALB/c mice were randomized to group A (normal), group B (sensitized for 2 weeks), group C (sensitized for 4 weeks) and group D (sensitized for 8 weeks), 10 mice each group. The mice were sensitized with 10% ovalbumin and challenged with 1% ovalbumin to establish the asthmatic model. The number of eosinophils and the cell percentages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were counted by cytology method. Pulmonary functions were measured to evaluate the resistance of expiration. Airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration were evaluated by HE staining, and the airway wall thickness (WAt/Pi), smooth muscle thickness (WAm/Pi) and smooth nucleus counts (N/Pi) were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis system. The mRNA expression of cyclin D(1) was measured by RT-PCR and Real-time PCR. The protein expression of cyclin D(1) was assayed by Western blot. The correlation between airway resistance of expiration and the expression of cyclin D(1) was studied.The eosinophil count and differential in BALF of group B, C, and D [(42.6 +/- 0.9) x 10(4)/L, (54.7 +/- 1.4) x 10(4)/L, (44.8 +/- 2.4) x 10(4)/L] were higher than those of group A (3.4 +/- 0.5) x 10(4)/L (q = 79.75, 91.42, 84.82, all P0.01). The airway resistance of expiration after challenge with 45 microg/kg acetylcholine in group B, C, and D [(5.27 +/- 0.16) cmxL(-1)xmin(-1), (6.68 +/- 0.20) cmxL(-1)xmin(-1), (7.14 +/- 0.41) cmxL(-1)xmin(-1)] was higher than that in group A [(4.11 +/- 0.15) cmxL(-1)xmin(-1), q = 5.58, 6.39, 7.11, all P0.05]. Eosinophil infiltration, cilium loss, formation of mucus plug and smooth muscle cell layer thickening were observed in group B, C, and D. The morphological changes of the airways became evident following airway remodeling. WAm/Pi in group B, C, and D (2.8 +/- 0.6, 4.8 +/- 0.6, 6.4 +/- 0.7) were higher than in group A (2.4 +/- 0.4, q = 6.40, 8.28, 9.27, all P0.05), and WAt/Pi in group B, C, and D (6.4 +/- 0.8, 8.3 +/- 1.2, 9.3 +/- 1.0) were higher than in group A (5.6 +/- 1.0, q = 2.80, 4.83, 6.37, all P0.05). The protein expression of Cyclin D(1) in group B, C, and D (0.587 +/- 0.015, 0.808 +/- 0.029, 0.826 +/- 0.022) were higher than in group A (0.404 +/- 0.016, q = 5.87, 8.08, 8.26, all P0.01). There was a positive correlation between the expression of cyclin D(1) and airway resistance (r = 0.83, P0.05).The expression of cyclin D(1) in the asthmatic mouse lung was increased, and positively correlated to airway reactivity. Cyclin D(1) might be essential in the airway remodeling of asthma through ERK signaling pathway.

The coordination geometry of the Cd II atom in the title complex, [Cd(NCS) 2 (C 12 H 12 N 6 ) 2 ] n or [Cd(NCS) 2 (mbtz) 2 ] n , where mbtz is 1,3-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, is a distorted compressed octahedron in which the Cd II atom lies on an inversion centre, coordinated by four N atoms from the triazole rings of four mbtz ligands and two N atoms from two monodentate NCS - ligands. The structure is polymeric, with 24-membered spiro-fused rings extending along [100] and with the 24-membered ring containing two inversion-related mbtz molecules.

To investigate a new operative method to reconstruct wrist joint for treating the defect of the distal radius after excision of tumor.From October 1999 to December 2001, 3 cases of giant cell tumor in the distal radius were resected and the wrist joint was reconstructed by transplanting the fibular head pedicled with the lateral inferior genicular artery.After followed up for 6 to 18 months, all patients achieved the bony healing within 4 months without tumor relapse and had good function of the wrist joint.This operation is simple and reliable. The fibular head can be cut according to the tumor size of the radius.

In the crystal structure of the title 1:2 adduct, [Zn(2)(NCS)(4)(C(4)H(8)N(4))(2)]·2[Zn(NCS)(2)(C(4)H(8)N(4))(2)] or (Ia)·2(Ib), each Zn(II) atom is coordinated in a distorted tetra-hedral geometry by four N atoms from two triazole rings of two 4-amino-3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole (admt) ligands and two NCS(-) ligands. In (Ia), double N(1):N(2)-bridging admt ligands connect two Zn(II) atoms, forming a dimer with a Zn(2)(admt)(2) six-membered metallacycle located on a crystallographic inversion center. In (Ib), the admt ligands exhibit monodentate N(1)-coordination modes. Weak N-H⋯N, N-H⋯S and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds play an important role in the inter-molecular packing. The S and C atoms of two thiocyanato ligands are disordered over two sets of sites in ratios of 0.57 (3):0.43 (3) and 0.63 (3):0.37 (3), respectively.

Objective: To optimize the extraction technology for polysaccharides from the root of Limonium sinense (Girard) Kuntze, Plumbaginaceae and evaluate the antioxidant capacity of polysaccharides from L. sinense (LSEP) Materials and Methods : One-singer factor and response surface methodology(RSM) were established to extract the polysaccharides from L. sinense. Then, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical, hydroxyl radical(.OH), and 2,2'-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt free radical assays were established to measure the antioxidant capacity of the LSEP in vitro. Results: According to analysis, extraction temperature significantly affected extraction yield. The optimum extraction conditions for LSEP were as follows: extraction temperature, 95°C; ultrasonic time 50 minutes; and dosage liquor ratio, 1: 12. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of crude LSEP was 12.80±0.19% which was well matched with the predicted models. The antioxidant capacity data suggested that LSEP has strong antioxidant activity. Conclusion: One-singer factor and RSM were used to extract of LSEP are simple and feasible and LSEP could be developed as a nutraceutical agent for itsstrong antioxidant activity.

本文结合作者自己的研究成果,对国内外近年来在应用光动力技术治疗消化系肿瘤方面的文献报道进行较全面的复习和综述,介绍光动力治疗消化系肿瘤的技术方法及其机制.应用光动力治疗消化系实体肿瘤具有较好的效果,其与传统的手术、化疗、放疗、免疫治疗等方法并不矛盾,他的主要机制是破坏肿瘤微血管、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、膜的损伤和引起免疫反应等.

Background The predictive accuracy of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) is mediocre. This study aimed to develop postoperative nomograms to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) after CRC resection without preoperative therapy. Methods Eligible patients with stage I to IV CRC (n = 56072) diagnosed from 2004 to 2010 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The patients were allocated into training (n = 27,700), contemporary (n = 3158), and prospective (n = 25,214) validation cohorts. Clinically important variables were incorporated and selected using the Akaike information criterion in multivariate Cox regressions to derive nomograms with the training cohort. The performance of the nomograms was assessed and externally testified using the concordance index (c-index), bootstrap validation, calibration, time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic curves, Kaplan–Meier curves, mosaic plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Performance of the conventional AJCC stages was also compared with the nomograms using similar statistics. Results The nomograms for CSS and OS shared common predictors: sex, age, race, marital status, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen status, surgical extent, tumor size, location, histology, differentiation, infiltration depth, lymph node count, lymph node ratio, and metastasis. The c-indexes of the nomograms for CSS and OS were 0.816 (95 % CI 0.810–0.822) and 0.777 (95 % CI 0.772–0.782), respectively. Performance evaluations showed that the nomograms achieved considerable predictive accuracy, appreciable reliability, and significant clinical validity with wide practical threshold probabilities, while the results remained reproducible when applied to the validation cohorts. Additionally, model comparisons and DCA proved that the nomograms excelled in stratifying each AJCC stage into three significant prognostic subgroups, allowing for more robust risk classification with an improved net benefit. Conclusions We propose two prognostic nomograms that exhibit improved predictive accuracy and net benefit for patients who have undergone CRC resection. The established nomograms are intended for risk assessment and selection of suitable patients who may benefit from adjuvant therapy and intensified follow-up after surgery. Independent external validations may still be required.