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Objective To analyze the rule of acupoint combination of insomnia treated with modern acupuncture-moxibustion with complex network technology and further reveal the internal characteristics of acupoint combination. Methods Using computer retrieval, the relevant clinical trials of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of insomnia were searched from China National knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform (VIP) and Pubmed Database in recent 5 years. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then the database was set up and the acupoint prescriptions of acupuncture and moxibustion were extracted. Using Excel 2016 software, the data were processed and the frequency analysis was conducted. With SPSS Modeler 18.0, the association rules were analyzed. Using Gephi 0.9.2, the community analysis and complex network analysis were conducted. Results Finally, 766 articles were eligible and 1276 acupoint prescriptions were extracted with 186 acupoints involved. The acupoints with the highest frequency of use were Shenmen (神门HT7), Baihui (百会GV20) and Sānyīnjiāo (三阴交SP6). The meridians with the highest frequency were bladder meridian and the governor vessel. The acupoints located on the head and foot were mostly selected. The specific points involved were the crossing points, five-shu points and yuan-source points. The main core paired points referred to HT7 and SP6, HT7 and GV20 as well as HT7 and Neiguān (内关PC6). The meridians with the highest confidence level appeared among heart meridian of hand-shaoyin, spleen meridian of foot-taiyin and kidney meridian of foot-shaoyin. The modular analysis of complex network obtained 4 core communities and topology analysis obtained 35 core points. The main prescription was composed of HT7, GV20, SP6, Sishencōng (四神聪EX-HN1), PC6, Taixī (太溪KI3), Zusānlĭ (足三里ST36), Taichōng (太冲LR3), Ānmian (安眠EX-HN18), Yintang (印堂EX-HN3), Zhaohai (照海KI6), Shēnmai (申脉BL62) and Fēngchi (风池GB20). Conclusion Acupuncture-moxibustion therapy focuses on regulating the mind/spirit of the heart and brain, as well as of five zang organs. The general treatment principles are regaining consciousness and opening the orifice, replenishing yin and reducing yang, nourishing the heart and tranquilizing. The supplementary points are mostly the combination of distal and nearby points and the combination of the acupoints located in the upper and the lower parts of the body. The back-shu points and the front-mu points are generally used, while the crossing point as the specific point is especially applied. All of these summaries provide the reference and guidance for clinical application and scientific research.

To analyze the compatible rules of acupoints in the treatment of migraine with acupuncture and moxibustion based on complex network technique so as to provide a reference for composing best acupoint recipes.Clinical papers about acupuncture treatment of migraine published from January of 2010 to October of 2020 were searched from Chinese and English databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and Pubmed by using keywords of acupuncture, moxibustion and migraine. According to our inclusive and exclusive criteria, the collected papers were screened out to set up a database. The SPSS Modeler 18.0 software was used to analyze the association rules of acupoints, and the Gephi 0.9.2 software was used to conduct a complex network analysis about the compatibility rules of acupoints and their application characteristics of moxibustion and needling methods in the treatment of migraine.In the end, 572 articles meeting the conclusive criteria were selected, and a total of 1 091 acupoint prescriptions for the treatment of migraine were extracted, including 230 acupoints with a total appea-rance frequency of 7 902. Those acupoints most frequently used were mainly attributed to the Gallbladder Meridian, with Fengchi (GB20) being the highest in the cumulative frequency. The association rule analysis showed that the highest supporting degree acupoints was GB20-Taiyang(EX-HN5). The highest levels of confidence were EX-HN5-Touwei(ST8), GB20-Baihui(GV20), and GB20-ST8. The analysis of complex network topology showed that a total of 17 acupoints including GB20, EX-HN5, Shuaigu(GB8), Taichong(LR3), GV20, Ashi point, etc. were the core node acupoints for acupuncture treatment of migraine.In the treatment of migraine, the acupoints selected are mainly distributed in the head region. When the specific acupoints chosen, the five Shu acupoints, Yuan (source) acupoints and the confluent acupoints of eight meridians are frequently used. In terms of composing acupoint recipes, the acupoints in the local and distant part of the body are often used in combination. These outcomes may have a certain guiding significance for clinical treatment of migraine.

To analyze the regularities of combination of acupoints in the existing clinical trial literature by using complex network technique, so as to provide reliable evidence for selecting appropriate acupoint recipes in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with acupuncture and moxibustion therapies.Clinical papers about acupuncture treatment of KOA published from January of 2000 to April of 2020 were searched from Chinese and English databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Pubmed and ScienceDirect by using keywords of "acupuncture", "moxibustion" and "knee osteoarthritis". According to the inclusive and exclusive criteria, the collected papers were screened out to set up a database. SPSS Modeler18.0 software was used to analyze the association rules of acupoints (including the core acupoint nodes and compatibility relationship), and Gephi0.9.2 software was employed to conduct a complex network analysis about the compatibility rules of acupoints and their application characteristics of moxibustion and needling methods in the treatment of KOA (shown by a complex network schematic diagram).A total of 444 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, including 6 single-acupoint prescriptions (1.35%) and 438 multiple-acupoint prescriptions (98.65%). A total of 112 acupoints were involved, with the application frequency of 3 389. Among them, the application frequency of the Neixiyan (EX-LE4)is the highest (354 times, 10.45%), followed by Dubi (ST35), Xuehai(SP10), Yanglingquan(GB34), Liangqiu(ST34), Zusanli(ST36), etc. The mainly involved meridians are the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming and the Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyin. The involved specific acupoints are the Five-shu (stream) acupoints, being the most commonly used, followed by the crossing points, and lower confluent (sea) acupoints.In the treatment of KOA with acupuncture and moxibustion, the regularities and characteristics of acupoint combinations (acupoint prescriptions) are: 1) often selecting local acupoints at the lower limbs, 2) frequently applying the Five-shu acupoints (specific acupoints), and 3) matching the acupoints of the outside meridians and inside meridians, especially those of the Spleen Meridian and Stomach Meridian.

To examine whether direct contact moxibustion (DCM) can prevent and treat gastric cancer (GC) by regulating intestinal flora in rats.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, normal + DCM control group, model group, and model + DCM group. Gastric cancer rats were induced by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 20 mg/mL) by gavage. At the same time, the model rats and normal rats were given DCM at Zusanli (ST36), Weishu (BL21), and Zhongwan (CV12) for 16 weeks. After treatment, gastric tissues were collected to analyze the pathological changes and the apoptosis of gastric mucosa cells. In addition, the cecal stool was taken and analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing.Gastric cancer-like pathological changes and different abundance of the intestinal flora were found in the model group. DCM promoted mucosa tissue apoptosis and regulated the abnormal changes of the intestinal microflora caused by MNNG; DCM also inhibited the growth of Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae flora and promoted the growth of probiotic Akkermansia. Furthermore, DCM made the composition and abundance of intestinal microflora in the GC rats tending to the normal rats.DCM stimulating Zusanli (ST36), Weishu (BL21), and Zhongwan (CV12) promoted the apoptosis of gastric mucosa and delayed the progression of gastric cancer, possibly by decreasing Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae bacteria (bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids in the intestine) and promoting the growth of probiotic Akkermansia.

The scalp acupuncture therapy, an important component of the microneedle system of the acupuncturology, is effective in the treatment of multiple types of diseases. In the present paper, we made a comparative analysis about the theoretical basis, acupoint location and main clinical indications of the ten academic schools of scalp-acupuncture, including FANG Yun-peng's Scalp Acupuncture, JIAO Shun-fa's Scalp Acupuncture, ZHU Ming-qing's Scalp Acupuncture, etc. which are widely used in clinic at present after collecting the related articles published in recent 60 years from databases of CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, and relevant books. These nine academic schools are similar in clinical indications (such as neurological disorders, brain-derived di-seases) and in needle inserting angle and depth, and different in the needling manipulations, needlingmethods, needle retaining time, theoretical basis, attending diseases of the same one stimulated region, and the position and yin or yang of holograms. The main problems facing the scalp acupuncture are non-uniform positioning method, non-uniform needling method, and non-uniform indications of the same scalp acupoint. Up to now, it remains unclear that which academic school is better in the therapeutic efficacy, thus, we should strengthen clinical research to find out its inherent law in diagnosis and treatment, constantly optimize the needle scheme, determine the best scalp-acupoint position and best needling manipulations, quantize and standardize the related issues, and accelerate the integration of the different academic schools, so as to improve clinical curative effect and to further promote the application and popularization, serving the patients in a better way.通过查阅中国知网、万方、维普数据库以及头针各流派相关书籍，对近60年与头针相关的文献进行整理，比较目前应用较广泛的方云鹏头针、焦顺发头针、朱明清头针等10个头针流派的理论基础、选穴部位、临床优势病种等，以期为治疗不同疾病提供头针疗法的最佳刺激部位、全息象、针刺手法、针刺角度、留针时间等, 减少临床选穴(区)的盲目性。众多头针流派各有特点，应通过严密的科学研究找出临床中头针最佳治疗方案，促进流派间的融合，使头针更加规范化和标准化，为临床使用头针提供参考，提高临床疗效，促进头针疗法的应用与推广。.

To investigate the application characteristics of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, so as to provide a basis for clinical use of EA therapy.Keywords of "electroacupuncture""peripheral neuropathy" "facial paralysis" "trigeminal neuralgia" "sciatica" "common peroneal nerve injury" "diabetic peripheral neuropathy" "intercostal neuralgia" "gluteal epithelial neuritis" "ulnar nerve injury" "median nerve paralysis" "postherpetic neuralgia", and "great occipital neuralgia" were used to search articles in both English and Chinese published from 1999 to 2019 in databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Ovid, PubMed and Embase and related books such as electroacupuncture, and neurology, followed by establishing a database of "Electroacupuncture Treatment of Peripheral Neuropathy". Then, the collected articles were put into statistical analysis after sorting, screening, input, checking, and data extracting by using data mining technology and statistical software EpiData.Of the searched 1 528 papers, 778 were eligible, involving 13 types of peripheral neuropathy which the facial paralysis and facial spasm were most frequently seen, followed by trigeminal neuralgia and sciatica, with an effective rate being above 90% for nearly all the 13 diseases. The acupoints employed were chiefly those close to the affected area and distribute along the nerve trunk.In addition, about the needling techniques, the penetration needling was frequently used, and the triple needling, quintuple needling and accompanied needling were also used. Regarding the related needle manipulations, the uniform reinforcing-reduction technique was most frequently used. The duration of EA was 30 min, with a highest stimulating frequency of 50 Hz. The acupoint injection was frequently supplemented, followed by moxibustion, and the treatment sessions were usually about 30 times.EA therapy is frequently used in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, and has some characteristics in acupoint selection, stimulating parameters and some additional needling techniques.

To analyze the acupoint combination regularities and application characteristics of core acupoints in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) by using complex network technology, so as to provide reliable evidence for clinical selection of acupoints and treatment ideas.The articles related to acupuncture treatment of MGH published from January of 1981 to May of 2020 were collected from databases as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), Chinese Journal of Science and Technology of VIP (VIP), PubMed, the Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science and Ovid database (OVID) according to the set inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present paper and by using keywords of "mammary gland hyperplasia", "mastalgia" or "fibrocystic breast change", "breast cystic hyperplasia ", etc. plus "acupuncture", "moxibustion", etc. Then, a correlative database model was established by using SPSS Modeler 18.0 to analyze their association regularities, followed by conducting a complex network analysis with Gephi 0.9.2 software.A total of 312 eligible articles containing 343 acupoint prescriptions and 113 acupoints were collected. The total frequency of use of the 113 acupoints was 1 998. The association regularity analysis showed a top relativity between Danzhong(CV17) and Zusanli(ST36). The analysis of the complex network topology revealed that CV17, Qimen(LR14), Sanyinjiao(SP6), Taichong(LR3), ST36, Jianjing(GB21), Rugen(ST18), Wuyi(ST15), Neiguan(PC6), Ashi-points, Fenglong (SP40), Guanyuan(CV4), Taixi(KI3), Tianzong(SI11), Ganshu (BL18), and Hegu(LI14) are the core acupoints for treatment of MGH. The principle for composing acupoint prescriptions is mainly the combination of acupoints on the left and right sides, the upper and lower parts, front and back parts of the body, respectively, and those of the outer and inner meridians, and those of the same name meridians and Zangfu-organ syndrome differentiation. The needle-insertion direction is mostly toward the focus.The composition of acupoint prescriptions for treating MGH with acupuncture and moxibustion is mainly based on the combination of specific acupoints among which the confluent acupoints are most frequently used, followed by the combination of acupoints distributing at the chest, back, upper and lower limbs, and the local acupoints.

To investigate the disease spectrum and predominant diseases treated by abdominal acupuncture by data mining and analysis of journal articles on abdominal acupuncture, and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Based on the database of abdominal acupuncture established by the research group, the data mining technique was used for the analysis and extraction of the articles on abdominal acupuncture included in this study.A total of 788 original journal articles were included. Six departments and 96 disease categories, among which there were 45 internal diseases (46.84%) and 18 surgical diseases (18.75%) were involved. As for the diseases involved, cervical spondylosis had the highest frequency of 84, followed by low back and leg pain with a frequency of 77 and stroke sequela with a frequency of 67. Of all 788 studies, 519 (65.86%) used abdominal acupuncture combined with other therapies with a total frequency of 552, among which acupuncture had the highest frequency of 135 (24.46%), followed by oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine with a frequency of 81 (14.67%) and moxibustion with a frequency of 80 (14.49%). Abdominal acupuncture had a marked clinical effect in the treatment of various diseases, with the highest effective rate of 95.10% in surgical diseases.Abdominal acupuncture has a wide disease spectrum and is most frequently used for the treatment of cervical spondylosis, with a marked clinical effect. Abdominal acupuncture has unique therapeutic characteristics and advantages, but it can achieve a better clinical effect when combined with other therapies.

Objective To explore the rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling in clinical application and its characteristics so as to provide the guidance to clinical practice. Methods Taking “the second metacarpal holographic acupuncture therapy” “the second metacarpal bone lateral needling” and “the second metacarpal bone” as the search terms, the papers on the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang database from January 1, 1974 to December 31, 2016 and were screened. Using the Excel 2003, the database of the diseases treated by the second metacarpal bone lateral needling was set up. The indications, the acupoints selection rules and needling manipulation of this therapy were analyzed. Results A total of 1103 papers were retrieved, of which, 446 papers were from CNKI and 657 from Wanfang database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 papers were included for analysis finally. It was found that the indications of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were predominated by the soft tissue injuries, especially acute lumbar sprain, ankle sprain and knee joint injury. Regarding the acupoints selection rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling, the corresponding points and tender points were commonly selected. Regarding the needling manipulation, the strong stimulation was required after needle insertion and the patient was required to move the affected areas while keeping the strong needling sensation. The needles were inserted 20 mm in depth along the skin mainly. The even-needling technique was exerted and the needles were retained for 30 min mainly. Conclusion The second metacarpal bone lateral needling is applied to the treatment of soft tissue injuries. It is applicable for some internal diseases. The strong needling sensation and the motion of the local affected area are required especially in treatment with this therapy.

By virtue of rich academic experience, professor JIA Chun-sheng can change the treatment method during clinical practice and implement different therapies according to the diseases, thus he can obtain effective and rapid results. In this study, the theoretical knowledge, application method and clinical experience of professor JIA Chun-sheng in blooddraining therapy on the back were mainly introduced. Professor JIA Chun-sheng focuses on two key viewpoints: “Attacking pathogenic qi is to supplement deficiency,” and “Eliminating stagnant pathogen can clean the intestines and stomach, and removing concretions and conglomerations can harmonize ying and wei”, which have been considered as the important theoretical bases of direction of clinical practice. Generally, professor JIA Chun-sheng conducts blood-draining therapy at Dazhuī ( GV 14), Feishū ( BL 13), Xīnshū ( BL 15), Geshū ( BL 17), Gānshū ( BL 18), Pishū ( BL 20) and Shenshū ( BL 23) on the back in order to improve the blood circulation in local and corresponding zang-fu organs, thus being beneficial to harmonize qi and blood, or eliminate dampness, heat, wind, stasis and toxins. In the process of blood-draining, professor JIA Chun-sheng combines the blood-draining pen with vacuum cup to replace the traditional blood-draining tools, which makes the blooddraining therapy easy to learn and use.

Objective To explore the effects of different acupuncture-moxibustion methods on the plasma substance P (SP) content, and the expression of colonic SP mRNA of the rats with functional constipation. Methods Sixty healthy male SD rats were divided into six groups according to the random number table, including blank control group (group B, n=8), model group (group M, n=11), drug control group (group D, n=8), filiform needle group (group F, n=11), electroacupuncture group (group E, n=11) and moxibustion group (group MB, n=11). The rats in group B and group M accepted no intervention, gavage with cisapride suspension was conducted in group D, and electroacupuncture, filiform needling and moxibustion therapies were carried out in group E, group F and group MB for 6 days. After treatment, the stool quantity and fecal moisture content during 24 h of the rats were observed in each group, colon tissue structure and the acidic mucus in mucosa layer were observed, plasma SP content was detected and the expression of colonic SP mRNA was detected. Results Compared with group B, the stool quantity and fecal moisture content during 24 h of the rats in group M decreased significantly ( P P P P P >0.05), the fecal moisture contents during 24 h of the rats in group F and group E were higher than that of group MB ( P P >0.05). HE staining of colon tissue of rats showed that the structure was normal and complete, and there was no difference among each group. PAS staining showed that the acidic mucus level of the rats in group M decreased significantly when compared with group B; compared with group M, the acidic mucus level of the rats in group D, fgroup F, group E and group MB increased in varying degrees. Compared with group B, the plasma SP content of the rats in group M decreased ( P P P P P P P >0.1); according to the comparison among the groups with different intervention methods, the expression level of colonic SP mRNA of the rats in group MB was lower than that of group F ( P Conclusion The different efficacy of different acupuncture-moxibustion methods in treatment of functional constipation may be related with the mechanism of regulation of plasma SP content and the expression level of colonic SP mRNA.

In this paper, professor JIA Chunsheng's multiple treatment thoughts and methods for insomnia under different pathogenesis were shown through the three proven cases of insomnia, including the type of constraint fire of the liver and gallbladder, and excessive yang harassing the spirit, the type of failure of the heart and kidney to interact declined to kidney yin deficiency and the type of liver constraint transforming into fire, insufficient of the spleen and stomach, which provided physicians with experience and methods during treatment of insomnia in clinic, thus improving the clinical effect.

To analyze the literature regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy by data mining technology, and the dominant diseases of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy were summarized to provide reference for evaluation of specificity effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy.The journal articles regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy from the CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP since January 1, 1975 to December 31, 2017, and the medical cases regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy inThe scope of disease involved a total of 7 disease entities in the literature regarding wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy. In the journal articles, there were 83 disease types and the most common surgical diseases were soft tissue injury and periarthritis of shoulder, the frequency were 34 and 24 times respectively. The total effective rates of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy were 92.74% in internal medicine, 91.39% in surgery, 91.51% in gynecology, 90.88% in dermatology, 96.20% in pediatric, 89.05% in ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology and 88.78% in psychiatry. In the medical cases of wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy, there were 118 disease types and the most common diseases were pain andWrist-ankle acupuncture therapy is widely used in treatment of clinical diseases and has significant therapeutic effects. It is mostly used in the treatment of surgery, internal medicine (neurology particularly), dermatology (herpes zoster particularly). Besides, the wrist-ankle acupuncture therapy is also applicable in the treatment of diseases of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, gynecology, pediatric and psychiatry.

To investigate the features, dominant indications and application regularities of eye acupuncture therapy in clinical practice.We first collected original articles, academic dissertations, conference articles, and case reports from databases of CNKI, Wanfang, and Chinese biomedical literature (CBM) from Jan. 1 of 1980 to Dec. 31 of 2017, and medical records from medical books of Zhonghua Yan Zhen (Among the 850 articles retrieved, 178 were eligible to be subjected to analysis, including 42 disorders/diseases in 7 categories. The eye acupuncture therapy has the highest application frequency for 19 types of disorders/diseases of the internal medicine, such as sequela of apoplexy, hiccup, insomnia, vertigo, hypertension, etc., followed by head and body pain (7 types: headache, lumbago, sciatica, shoulder pain, etc.), disorders of the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology (deafness, squinting eyes, dry eye syndrome, amblyopia, etc.), traumatic injury, gynecopathy, acute pain (biliary colic, renal colic). The effect rate was 95.87% for disorders of the gynecopathy, 95.54% for head and body pain, 94.53% for traumatic skin injury, 92.16% for emergency, 91.98% for disorders of the five sense organs, 91.43% for problems of the internal medicine, etc. Regarding the principle of acupoint selection, acupoints were chosen mainly according to the meridian running (146 articles), local region of the eye (14 articles) and diseased location (153 articles). A total of 157 articles have a marked description about the needling methods, including horizontal needling (81 articles), intra-orbital straight needling (22 articles), extra-orbital oblique needling (13 articles), etc. The duration of needle retaining was mostly from 15 to 30 minutes, and the handle-scraping was frequently adopted (34 articles), and the overall treatment frequency ranged from 11 to 20 times. In regard to the medical records, a total of 53 types of disorders were involved, including 37 types of the internal medicine such as stroke sequelae (34 articles), facial paralysis (11 articles), etc. The acupoints were selected according to the local region of eye (129 articles), the needle insertion involved horizontal needling (102 articles), and cured rate reported was higher than 90%.Eye acupuncture therapy is widely used for a variety of disorders and has a positive effect, particularly for stroke sequelae and various acute and chronic pain problems.

To explore the regularities of clinical application of hand acupuncture therapy to the treatment of diseases of different departments by using data mining technique, so as to provide a reference for clinical practice.We searched papers, academic dissertations and case reports (published in journals from Jan 1, 1953 to December 31, 2017) from databases of China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), VIP, and Wanfang, and also searched papers from medical books about hand acupuncture treatment of different diseases/illness by using keywords of "hand acupuncture" and "hand acupoints"， followed by constructing a database after sorting, screening, recording, extracting, and statistical analysis by using a computer. Then, the data mining was conducted for summarizing the characteristics and rules of the hand acupuncture therapy in clinical application.The hand acupuncture therapy in Chinese medical journals was found to be applied to various clinical departments, with the frequency from high to low successively being 16 types of diseases (37.21%) in the surgery, 15 diseases (34.88%) in the internal medicine, 2 diseases (4.65%) in the pediatrics, 8 diseases (18.60%) in the ophthalmology-otorhinolaryngology, 1 disease (2.33%) in the genecology and 1 disease (2.33%) in the dermatology. In the treatment of diseases, the cure plus markedly effective rate of hand acupuncture was found to be highest for diseases of the pediatrics (90.65%), and was 88.45% surgery, 78.06% internal medicine, 89.96% ophthalmology-otorhinolaryngology, 60.61% gynecology, and 67.73% dermatology, respectively. When hand acupuncture used, the acupoints of the hand region on both sides, healthy side and affected side were often selected, and movement exercise was often used in combination, particularly for problems of the surgery. In the collected medical records and 6 acupuncture books, the hand acupuncture was employed for treatment of 34 and 123 kinds of diseases or problems, respectively, with the tissue injury, lumbocrural pain being most frequently seen in the records, and abdominal pain, lumbocrural, chest obstruction, etc. most frequently seen in the acupuncture books.Hand acupuncture therapy is widely used in the treatment of many clinical problems of different departments, such as tissue injury, leg pain, etc. of the surgery; abdominal pain, asthma, etc. of the internal medicine; infantile enuresis, diarrhea, etc. of the pediatrics. Acupoints of the hand on the unilateral side are frequently employed and may have a better therapeutic effect.

Different acupuncture-moxibustion therapies can produce different clinical effects, that is, the effect has specificity, which is significantly important in obtaining acupuncture-moxibustion efficacy. In this study, the clinical application laws of fire needle, acupoint injection, catgut embedment, acupoint application, moxibustion therapy and filiform needle acupuncture were summarized in the aspects of category of disease, efficacy and related prescriptions (such as medication and acupoint selection) based on the result of data mining, and the general applicable categories of disease of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment methods were further screened, so as to guide the clinical application and give play to the best efficacy.

To compare the therapeutic effect of thermosensitive moxibustion (TSM) and medication in the treatment of insomnia patients with the syndrome of stagnation of liver-A total of 60 insomnia patients with the syndrome of liver-qi stagnation were randomly divided into TSM group and medication group (Following the treatment, the PSQI of both groups were significantly decreased relevant to their own pre-treatment (Thermosensitive moxibustion applied to the source points of the Liver and Gallbladder Meridians can improve the quality of sleep in insomnia patients with syndrome of liver-qi stagnation.

To explore the regularity and characteristics of clinical application of scalp acupuncture therapy for different types of clinical conditions so as to provide a reference for clinical practice.In the present study, "head acupuncture" and"scalp acupuncture" were used as the keywords to search papers and academic dissertations having definite standards for diagnosis and therapeutic effect assessment and published in journals and academic conferences collected in database China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI) from January 1 of 1959 to December 31 of 2016, followed by constructing a database after sorting, screening, recording, extracting, and statistical analysis by using a computer. Then, the data mining was conducted for summarizing the indications of disease categories, involved medical departments, needle-insertion methods, needle manipulation techniques, academic schools, and clinical efficacy of scalp acupuncture therapy.As a result, a total of 587 papers met our including criteria were analyzed. The scalp acupuncture therapy was widely employed in the treatment of various clinical conditions of different departments, with the application frequency being the internal medicine (438 times), surgery (75 times), pediatrics (44 times), etc. Of the indicated 102 types of clinical problems, 55 belong to the internal medicine, constituting of 53.92%, particularly the cerebral apoplexy and its sequelae with the top application frequency being 102 and 115 times, respectively. In terms of needle inserting methods mentioned in partial papers (most papers do not mention), fingernail-pressing-aided needle insertion, needle-twirling insertion, fingers-squeezed-needle insertion, particularly the swiftly rotating needle insertion and rapid needle-propelling insertion were most commonly used.Regarding the needle manipulation method, rapid needle twirling technique was frequently employed, usually at a frequency of approximately 200 times per min. In regard to the academic schools, JIAO Shun-fa's scalp acupuncture system was most frequently used, followed by the international standardized scalp acupuncture. The therapeutic effect of scalp acupuncture is effective in the treatment of different conditions of various departments, especially those of the dermatology and gynecology.Scalp acupuncture has superiority in the treatment disorders of the internal medicine and has been demonstrated to have positive effects for many types of problems, particularly for apoplexy and its sequelae. Rapid needle-propelling insertion and rapid needle-twirling technique are often employed.

To compare the effect of manual acupuncture (MA), electroacupuncture (EA) and moxibustion interventions on intestinal motility and expression of enteric nervous activity related proteins calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV 1) and proteinase activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) in colon tissue of rats with functional constipation (FC), so as to select a better intervention method for FC.Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control (Compared with the control group, the stool weight within 24 h and intestinal propulsive rate were significantly decreased in the model group (MA, EA and moxibustion interventions can promote the intestinal motility in FC rats, which may be related to their functions in down-regulating the expression of CGRP, TRPV 1 and PAR-4 proteins and genes (except CGRP in the moxibustion group).

To observe the influence of electroacupuncture (EA) intervention on hippocampal glutamate (Glu) and CaSD rats were rando-mized into sham operation (sham) group (Compared with the sham group, the stroke index and neurological deficit scores, and the reaction latency and the error times of step-down tests, as well as the contents of Glu and CaEA intervention is able to improve the cognitive ability of VD rats, which may be associated with its effects in reducing the excitatory neurotoxicity of hippocampal Glu-NMDAR and lowering cellular Ca

To explore the rule of clinical application of auricular acupuncture therapy by data mining in order to guide clinical practice.The data base about single auricular acupuncture therapy for different clinical diseases was established by collection, sorting, screening, recording, collation, data extraction, statistic analysis on data samples from journals, academic theses dissertations published in near 60 years. The application rules of auricular therapy including its predominant diseases, stimulus modality, therapeutic effect, and angle of needling were summarized by data mining technique.Auricular acupuncture therapy has been widely and mostly used in the internal medicine department, accounting for 48.56%. Of stimulus modalities, auricular point paste and pressure is applied with the highest frequency, accounting for 64%. The highest effective rate is found in the surgery department diseases(81.41%). Pressure is the most effective stimulus in the internal medi-cine department, and bloodletting combined with paste and pressure in the surgery department, auricular point injection in the gynecology and pediatrics departments, bloodletting in the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology department, and auricular point incision in the dermatology department. Auricular point injection has remarkable effect. Bloodletting combined with paste and pressure has nearly the same effect as bloodletting in the same medical department except dematology department. Otherwise, angle of needling is rarely studied.Auricular therapy is widely used and has remarkable effect in treating diseases by using different stimulus modalities. Whereas the angle of needling is rarely studied and future investigation is needed.

To compare the effects of filiform needling, electroacupuncture, and moxibustion on functional constipation in rats, and to explore the possible mechanism of these three different methods.Male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group (Compared with the blank control group, the first defecation time was prolonged, and the NO, NOS and VIP contents in plasma were increased in the model group (All the three different kinds of acupuncture and moxibustion methods have positively regulatory effect on functional constipation; electroacupuncture is the best for the regulation of plasma NO, NOS and VIP contents, while moxibustion is the best for the regulation of VIP expression in colonic tissue.

Objective To observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture on glycometabolism disturbance in metabolism syndrome. Methods With matched-pairs design, 80 patients meeting with the diagnostic criteria for glycometabolism abnormalities were randomized into the group combining acupuncture and medication (group A) and the western medicine group (group B), and 40 patients were included in each group. Electroacupuncture was carried out on back- shu points, Zusānl ( ST 36), Zhōngwan ( CV 12), Sānyīnjiāo ( SP 6) and other acupoints for group A, needles were retained for 20 min except back- shu points, once a day, continuous ten times as a treatment course, the next treatment course was started after an interval for 3–5 days, and totally 3 treatment courses were carried out; furthermore, the patients were orally administered with Glucotrol XL and felodipine, 5 mg each, once a day. The patients in group B were treated simply with drugs (the medication was the same to that for the group A). Body mass index (BMI), related biochemical indices and blood pressure of the patients were measured before and after the intervention, respectively. Results BMI, blood-fasting glucose, blood glucose 2 h after meal, fasting insulin, insulin resistance index, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in group A all significantly improved in comparison to those before the electroacupuncture intervention ( P P >0.05), and other indices all showed significant improvements ( P P Conclusion Electroacupuncture intervention can significantly reduce weight, combination of acupuncture and medication shows better efficacy in reducing blood glucose, improving insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance in comparison to simple administration with medications.

To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with dietary adjustments and aerobic exercise on the body weight, body mass index (BMI) and serum leptin content of patients with simple obesity, so as to evaluate the efficacy of the present therapy in the treatment of simple obesity.A total of 61 cases of out-patients were randomly divided into control (n=30) and treatment (n=31) groups. Patients in the control group were treated with dietary adjustments and aerobic exercise everyday (30 min/d), continuously for 51 days, and those of the treatment group were treated with acupuncture [Zhong-wan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), etc.] plus dietary adjustment and aerobic exercise everyday, with 15 days being a course of treatment, 3 days' interval between every two courses, and 3 courses altogether. Serum leptin content was detected by using radioimmunoassay.Compared with pre-treatment, the body weight and BMI and serum leptin levels in the control and treatment groups were all decreased significantly (P0.01). Comparison between the two groups showed that the body weight at the end of the 1st and 3rd course of treatment, the BMI at the end of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd course of treatment, and serum leptin level after the treatment in the treatment group were all significantly lower than those in the control group (P0.05, P0.01). The difference values of body weight and BMI between pre-treatment and post-treatment of the treatment group were obviously higher than those of the control group (P0.01), suggesting a better therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with dietary adjustments and aerobic exercise in the treatment of simple obesity.Acupuncture combined with dietary adjustments and aerobic exercise can reduce the body weight, BMI and serum leptin level, which is better than dietary adjustments plus aerobic exercise.

To compare the therapeutic effects of acupuncture combined with diet adjustment and aerobic exercise and simple diet adjustment combined with aerobic exercise for treatment of simple obesity, in order to scientifically evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with diet adjustment and aerobic exercise for simple obesity.Sixty-one cases were randomly divided into an observation group (31 cases) and a control group (30 cases). The control group was treated with diet adjustment combined with aerobic exercise, on the basis of this, the observation group was treated with acupuncture at Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40) and Yinlingquan (SP 9) etc., once a day, 15 days constituting one course. After three course of treatment, the changes of body weight and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in both groups were observed before and after treatment.After one course of treatment, both the body weight and WHR in the observation group were obviously lower than those of control group (both P0.05); after two courses of treatment, there were no significant differences of body weight and WHR between two groups (both P0.05); after three courses of treatment, the body weight of observation group was obviously lower than that of control group (P0.05), there was no significant difference of WHR between two groups (P0.05); the body weight and WHR of both groups were obviously decreased after treatment (both P0.01); the difference comparison of the body weight in observation group was obviously higher than that of control group before and after treatment (P0.01).Both two treatments can decrease the body weight and WHR of patients with simple obesity, while the effect of acupuncture combined with diet adjustment and aerobic exercise is more obvious in the early stage of the treatment for body weight and WHR.