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Introduction: Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) involves a spectrum of congenital ocular abnormalities characterized by the presence of a vascular membrane behind the lens. Retinoblastoma is a life-threatening intraocular malignancy that can cause blindness, eye loss, or even death. PHPV and retinoblastoma are extremely rare prenatal diseases. Case Presentation: Here, we present a case of fetal PHPV with retinoblastoma diagnosed using prenatal ultrasound. The unilateral lenses were hyperechoic, and irregular echogenic bands between the lenses and posterior eye walls were observed. In cases where the blood flow signal continues in the band-shaped hyperechoic area, PHPV with retinoblastoma should be suspected. Conclusion: PHPV with retinoblastoma can be prenatally diagnosed.

Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a myeloid neoplasm accounts for 7.6% of hematopoietic malignancies. AML is a complex disease, and understanding its pathophysiology is contributing to the improvement in the treatment and prognosis of AML. In this study, we assessed the expression profile and molecular functions of CCAAT enhancer binding protein gamma (CEBPG), a gene implicated in myeloid differentiation and AML progression. Methods shRNA mediated gene interference was used to down-regulate the expression of CEBPG in AML cell lines, and knockdown efficiency was detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The effect of knockdown on the growth of AML cell lines was evaluated by CCK-8. Western blotting was used to detect PARP cleavage, and flow cytometry were used to determine the effect of knockdown on apoptosis of AML cells. Genes and pathways affected by knockdown of CEBPG were identified by gene expression analysis using RNA-seq. One of the genes affected by knockdown of CEBPG was Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1), a known repressor of translation. Knockdown of EIF4EBP1 was used to assess its potential role in AML progression downstream of CEBPG. Results We explored the ChIP-Seq data of AML cell lines and non-AML hematopoietic cells, and found CEBPG was activated through its distal enhancer in AML cell lines. Using the public transcriptomic dataset, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and western blotting, we also found CEBPG was overexpressed in AML. Moreover, we observed that CEBPG promotes AML cell proliferation by activating EIF4EBP1, thus contributing to the progression of AML. These findings indicate that CEBPG could act as a potential therapeutic target for AML patients. Conclusion In summary, we systematically explored the molecular characteristics of CEBPG in AML and identified CEBPG as a potential therapeutic target for AML patients. Our findings provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of AML and indicate a key role for CEBPG in promoting AML progression.

The composition of a slag system has been shown to be particularly important and influential for the new technology of electroslag remelting withdrawal process. The oxidation of the GH984G alloy elements, in contact with different contents of CaF2–CaO–Al2O3–MgO–TiO2–SiO2 in various slag systems, has been investigated in the present study by performing slag–metal equilibrium experiments and ion and molecule coexistence theory analysis. The results show that CaF2 and MgO have only a minor effect on the oxidation rates of Al and Ti in the GH984G superalloys. However, it was found that SiO2 would intensify the oxidation degree of Al and Ti, and Al was found to become easier oxidized than Ti. Moreover, CaO was found to reduce the activity of SiO2 and, thereby, also the oxidation degree of Al and Ti. Also, TiO2 was found to reduce the oxidation rate of Ti and instead increase the oxidation rate of Al. Finally, the effect of Al2O3 on the oxidation of Al and Ti was observed to be opposite to that of TiO2. The calculated results were found to be in good agreement with experimental measurements. Moreover, viscosity experiments showed that CaO would rapidly increase the viscosity of the slag at low temperatures, and that the viscosity of the slag would increase with an increase in SiO2 content.

Recent studies uncovered the emerging roles of SAPCD2 (suppressor anaphase-promoting complex domain containing 2) in several types of human cancer. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of SAPCD2 in the progression of neuroblastoma (NB) remain elusive. Herein, through integrative analysis of public datasets and regulatory network of GSK-J4, a small-molecule drug with anti-NB activity, we identified SAPCD2 as an appealing target with a high connection to poor prognosis in NB. SAPCD2 promoted NB progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SAPCD2 could directly bind to cytoplasmic E2F7 but not E2F1, alter the subcellular distribution of E2F7 and regulate E2F activity. Among the E2F family members, the roles of E2F7 in NB are poorly understood. We found that an increasing level of nuclear E2F7 was induced by SAPCD2 knockdown, thereby affecting the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle and chromosome instability. In addition, Selinexor (KTP-330), a clinically available inhibitor of exportin 1 (XPO1), could induce nuclear accumulation of E2F7 and suppress the growth of NB. Overall, our studies suggested a previously unrecognized role of SAPCD2 in the E2F signaling pathway and a potential therapeutic approach for NB, as well as clues for understanding the differences in subcellular distribution of E2F1 and E2F7 during their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common pediatric malignancy associated with poor outcomes. Recent studies have shown that murine double minute2 homolog (MDM2) protein inhibitors are promising anticancer agents. MI-773 is a novel and specific antagonist of MDM2, however, the molecular mechanism of its anti-NB activity remains unclear. NB cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay following MI-773 treatment. Cell cycle progression was analyzed using PI staining and apoptosis was assessed using Annexin V/PI staining. The molecular mechanisms by which MI-773 exerted its effects were investigated using a microarray. The results showed that disturbance of the MDM2/p53 axis by MI-773 resulted in potent suppression of proliferation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in NB cells. In addition, microarray analysis showed that MI-773 led to significant downregulation of genes involved in the G(2)/M phase checkpoint and upregulation of hallmark gene associated with the p53 pathway. Meanwhile, knockdown of insulinoma-associated 1 decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of NB cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that MI-773 exhibited high selectivity and blockade affinity for the interaction between MDM2 and TP53 and may serve as a novel strategy for the treatment of NB.

Freeze-thaw disaster is an outstanding problem of geotechnical engineering in cold regions. The temperature field of tunnel surrounding rock in Qilian mountain Osaka hill was calculated according to the transient heat conduction differential equation, meanwhile the freezing conditions of tunnel surrounding rock was forecasted and analyzed after its opening. The study shows that the freeze-thaw environment has a great influence on the temperature distribution of surrounding rock. The tunnel wall and near the mouth of the cave area are more susceptible to the influence of the open ground temperature and air convection, thus the temperature changes violently , but the temperature distribution in surrounding rock tends to be dynamic stable equilibrium as time goes on. The research results can provide a reference for tunnel design and construction in cold regions.

The stability of tunnel surrounding rock is a key scientific issue in the design and construction of the tunnel engineering. Taking the load pattern of incremental form, the distribution law of stress and displacement field of the Osaka mountain tunnel after excavation was calculated based on the D-P yield criterion; Basing on the comprehensive heat and mass transfer theory, the temperature field in the surrounding rock was calculated and the variation of stress and displacement field after the surrounding rock experiencing the free-thaw cycles. All of the results can provide some references for the design and safe construction of the tunnel engineering under the action of freeze-thaw environment in cold regions.

Based on the theory of mass and energy transfer, the coupling theoretical model of temperature and stress fields in the process of rock freeze-thaw was established considering the volume load caused by temperature change within the rock body. Taking Daban mountain tunnel surrounding rock at its exit as example, the heat--stress coupling process was numerically calculated, and the mutual influence and varied laws of temperature and stress fields were researched. The simulating result is similar to the current results and engineering experience, which can verify the correctness of the theoretical model and the reliability of calculation method, and also provide some theoretical basis for determining the engineering parameters scientifically, optimizing the lining and supporting scheme and ensuring the safety of design and construction.

Low formaldehyde emission and high bonding strength were two basic criterions of a good urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UFRA). In our study, melamine modified methylolurea solution (MUS), was synthesized and used as modifier for UFRA. The bonding strength and formaldehyde emission of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesives(UFRA) were influenced by some factors such as F/U molar ratio of the main resin, F/U molar ratio of modifier, melamine content, mixing ratio of main resin with modifier, which were investigated by a series of single-factor experiments. The results showed that the best adhesive bonding strength of UFRA was 0.93MPa and the lowest formaldehyde emission was 0.43mg / L, when F/U molar ratio of the main resin was 1.5, F/U molar ratio of the MUS was 0.5, the mass fraction of melamine addition level was 5wt.% of MUS, and the mixing mass ratio of methylolurea solution (MUS) to the main UF resin was 20:80.

Objective and Background:FOXJ1 is a member of the Forkhead/winged-helix (Fox) family of transcription factors, which is required for the differentiation of the cells acting as adult neural stem cells which participate in neurogenesis and give rise to neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes. The expression pattern of FOXJ1 in the brain after cerebral ischemia has so far not been described. In the current study, we investigated the expression pattern of FOXJ1 in the rat brain after cerebral ischemia by animal model.Methods:We performed a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in adult rats and investigated the expression of FOXJ1 in the brain by Western blotting and immunochemistry; double immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze FOXJ1's co-expression with Ki67.Results:Western blot analysis showed that the expression of FOXJ1 was lower than normal and sham-operated brain after cerebral ischemia, but the level of FOXJ1 gradually increased from Day 1 to Day 14. Immuohistochemical staining suggested that the immunostaining of FOXJ1 deposited strongly in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemisphere in the cortical penumbra (CP). There was no FOXJ1 expression in the ischemic core (IC). The positive cells in the cortical penumbra might migrat to the ischemic core. In addition, double immunofluorescence staining revealed that FOXJ1 was co-expressed with mAP-2 and gFAP, and Ki67 had the colocalization with NeuN, GFAP, and FOXJ1.Conclusions:All our findings suggest that FOXJ1 plays an important role on neuronal production and neurogenesis in the adult brain after cerebral ischemia.