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2. Lattice dynamical origin of peak thermoelectric performance in AgPbmSbTe2+m observed by inelastic neutron scattering

Author

Manley, M. E., Shapiro, S., Li, Q., Llobet, A., and Hagen, M. E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Phonon densities of states (DOS) for the high performing thermoelectric material, AgPbmSbTe2+m (LAST-m, m = 16, 18, and 20), were extracted from time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering measurements. The phonon DOS of LAST-18 differs remarkably from LAST-16 and LAST-20 by exhibiting a dramatic broadening of its acoustic modes that increases on heating. This broadening coincides with a minimum in the thermal conductivity, a maximum in the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, and a related peak in thermoelectric performance. We argue that the anomalous broadening originates with scattering enhanced by modifications to Te-Ag(Sb) bonds caused by their resonant electronic states falling near the Fermi energy for m = 18., Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures

Published
2011
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9. The instrument suite of the European Spallation Source

Author

Andersen, K. H., Argyriou, D. N., Jackson, A. J., Houston, J., Henry, P. F., Deen, P. P., Toft-Petersen, R., Beran, P., Strobl, M., Arnold, T., Wacklin-Knecht, H., Tsapatsaris, N., Oksanen, E., Woracek, R., Schweika, W., Mannix, D., Hiess, A., Kennedy, S., Kirstein, O., Petersson Årsköld, S., Taylor, J., Hagen, M. E., Laszlo, G., Kanaki, K., Piscitelli, F., Khaplanov, A., Stefanescu, I., Kittelmann, Th, Pfeiffer, D., Olsson, M., Bordallo, H. N., Vickery, A., Fedrigo, A., Rodrigues, S., Lerche, M., Schulz, M., Müller, M., Carlsen, H., Udby, L., Lefmann, K., Birk, J. O., Holm-Dahlin, S., Bertelsen, M., Hansen, U. Bengaard, Olsen, M. A., Christensen, M., Iversen, K., Christensen, N. B., Rønnow, H. M., Chowdhury, M., Andersen, K. H., Argyriou, D. N., Jackson, A. J., Houston, J., Henry, P. F., Deen, P. P., Toft-Petersen, R., Beran, P., Strobl, M., Arnold, T., Wacklin-Knecht, H., Tsapatsaris, N., Oksanen, E., Woracek, R., Schweika, W., Mannix, D., Hiess, A., Kennedy, S., Kirstein, O., Petersson Årsköld, S., Taylor, J., Hagen, M. E., Laszlo, G., Kanaki, K., Piscitelli, F., Khaplanov, A., Stefanescu, I., Kittelmann, Th, Pfeiffer, D., Olsson, M., Bordallo, H. N., Vickery, A., Fedrigo, A., Rodrigues, S., Lerche, M., Schulz, M., Müller, M., Carlsen, H., Udby, L., Lefmann, K., Birk, J. O., Holm-Dahlin, S., Bertelsen, M., Hansen, U. Bengaard, Olsen, M. A., Christensen, M., Iversen, K., Christensen, N. B., Rønnow, H. M., and Chowdhury, M.

Abstract

An overview is provided of the 15 neutron beam instruments making up the initial instrument suite of the European Spallation Source (ESS), and being made available to the neutron user community. The ESS neutron source consists of a high-power accelerator and target station, providing a unique long-pulse time structure of slow neutrons. The design considerations behind the time structure, moderator geometry and instrument layout are presented. The 15-instrument suite consists of two small-angle instruments, two reflectometers, an imaging beamline, two single-crystal diffractometers; one for macromolecular crystallography and one for magnetism, two powder diffractometers, and an engineering diffractometer, as well as an array of five inelastic instruments comprising two chopper spectrometers, an inverse-geometry single-crystal excitations spectrometer, an instrument for vibrational spectroscopy and a high-resolution backscattering spectrometer. The conceptual design, performance and scientific drivers of each of these instruments are described. All of the instruments are designed to provide breakthrough new scientific capability, not currently available at existing facilities, building on the inherent strengths of the ESS long-pulse neutron source of high flux, flexible resolution and large bandwidth. Each of them is predicted to provide world-leading performance at an accelerator power of 2 MW. This technical capability translates into a very broad range of scientific capabilities. The composition of the instrument suite has been chosen to maximise the breadth and depth of the scientific impact of the early years of the ESS, and provide a solid base for completion and further expansion of the facility.

Published
2020

10. The instrument suite of the European Spallation Source

Author

Andersen, K, Argyriou, D, Jackson, A, Houston, J, Henry, P, Deen, P, Toft-Petersen, R, Beran, P, Strobl, M, Arnold, T, Wacklin-Knecht, H, Tsapatsaris, N, Oksanen, E, Woracek, R, Schweika, W, Mannix, D, Hiess, A, Kennedy, S, Kirstein, O, Petersson Arskold, S, Taylor, J, Hagen, M, Laszlo, G, Kanaki, K, Piscitelli, F, Khaplanov, A, Stefanescu, I, Kittelmann, T, Pfeiffer, D, Hall-Wilton, R, Lopez, C, Aprigliano, G, Whitelegg, L, Moreira, F, Olsson, M, Bordallo, H, Martin-Rodriguez, D, Schneider, H, Sharp, M, Hartl, M, Nagy, G, Ansell, S, Pullen, S, Vickery, A, Fedrigo, A, Mezei, F, Arai, M, Heenan, R, Halcrow, W, Turner, D, Raspino, D, Orszulik, A, Cooper, J, Webb, N, Galsworthy, P, Nightingale, J, Langridge, S, Elmer, J, Frielinghaus, H, Hanslik, R, Gussen, A, Jaksch, S, Engels, R, Kozielewski, T, Butterweck, S, Feygenson, M, Harbott, P, Poque, A, Schwaab, A, Lieutenant, K, Violini, N, Voigt, J, Bruckel, T, Koenen, M, Kammerling, H, Babcock, E, Salhi, Z, Wischnewski, A, Heynen, A, Desert, S, Jestin, J, Porcher, F, Fabreges, X, Fabreges, G, Annighofer, B, Klimko, S, Dupont, T, Robillard, T, Goukassov, A, Longeville, S, Alba-Simionesco, C, Bourges, P, Guyon Le Bouffy, J, Lavie, P, Rodrigues, S, Calzada, E, Lerche, M, Schillinger, B, Schmakat, P, Schulz, M, Seifert, M, Lohstroh, W, Petry, W, Neuhaus, J, Loaiza, L, Tartaglione, A, Glavic, A, Schutz, S, Stahn, J, Lehmann, E, Morgano, M, Schefer, J, Filges, U, Klauser, C, Niedermayer, C, Fenske, J, Nowak, G, Rouijaa, M, Siemers, D, Kiehn, R, Muller, M, Carlsen, H, Udby, L, Lefmann, K, Birk, J, Holm-Dahlin, S, Bertelsen, M, Hansen, U, Olsen, M, Christensen, M, Iversen, K, Christensen, N, Ronnow, H, Freeman, P, Hauback, B, Kolevatov, R, Llamas-Jansa, I, Orecchini, A, Sacchetti, F, Petrillo, C, Paciaroni, A, Tozzi, P, Zanatta, M, Luna, P, Herranz, I, del Moral, O, Huerta, M, Magan, M, Mosconi, M, Abad, E, Aguilar, J, Stepanyan, S, Bakedano, G, Vivanco, R, Bustinduy, I, Sordo, F, Martinez, J, Lechner, R, Villacorta, F, Saroun, J, Lukas, P, Marko, M, Zanetti, M, Bellissima, S, del Rosso, L, Masi, F, Bovo, C, Chowdhury, M, De Bonis, A, Di Fresco, L, Scatigno, C, Parker, S, Fernandez-Alonso, F, Colognesi, D, Senesi, R, Andreani, C, Gorini, G, Scionti, G, Schreyer, A, Andersen K. H., Argyriou D. N., Jackson A. J., Houston J., Henry P. F., Deen P. P., Toft-Petersen R., Beran P., Strobl M., Arnold T., Wacklin-Knecht H., Tsapatsaris N., Oksanen E., Woracek R., Schweika W., Mannix D., Hiess A., Kennedy S., Kirstein O., Petersson Arskold S., Taylor J., Hagen M. E., Laszlo G., Kanaki K., Piscitelli F., Khaplanov A., Stefanescu I., Kittelmann T., Pfeiffer D., Hall-Wilton R., Lopez C. I., Aprigliano G., Whitelegg L., Moreira F. Y., Olsson M., Bordallo H. N., Martin-Rodriguez D., Schneider H., Sharp M., Hartl M., Nagy G., Ansell S., Pullen S., Vickery A., Fedrigo A., Mezei F., Arai M., Heenan R. K., Halcrow W., Turner D., Raspino D., Orszulik A., Cooper J., Webb N., Galsworthy P., Nightingale J., Langridge S., Elmer J., Frielinghaus H., Hanslik R., Gussen A., Jaksch S., Engels R., Kozielewski T., Butterweck S., Feygenson M., Harbott P., Poque A., Schwaab A., Lieutenant K., Violini N., Voigt J., Bruckel T., Koenen M., Kammerling H., Babcock E., Salhi Z., Wischnewski A., Heynen A., Desert S., Jestin J., Porcher F., Fabreges X., Fabreges G., Annighofer B., Klimko S., Dupont T., Robillard T., Goukassov A., Longeville S., Alba-Simionesco C., Bourges P., Guyon Le Bouffy J., Lavie P., Rodrigues S., Calzada E., Lerche M., Schillinger B., Schmakat P., Schulz M., Seifert M., Lohstroh W., Petry W., Neuhaus J., Loaiza L., Tartaglione A., Glavic A., Schutz S., Stahn J., Lehmann E., Morgano M., Schefer J., Filges U., Klauser C., Niedermayer C., Fenske J., Nowak G., Rouijaa M., Siemers D. J., Kiehn R., Muller M., Carlsen H., Udby L., Lefmann K., Birk J. O., Holm-Dahlin S., Bertelsen M., Hansen U. B., Olsen M. A., Christensen M., Iversen K., Christensen N. B., Ronnow H. M., Freeman P. G., Hauback B. C., Kolevatov R., Llamas-Jansa I., Orecchini A., Sacchetti F., Petrillo C., Paciaroni A., Tozzi P., Zanatta M., Luna P., Herranz I., del Moral O. G., Huerta M., Magan M., Mosconi M., Abad E., Aguilar J., Stepanyan S., Bakedano G., Vivanco R., Bustinduy I., Sordo F., Martinez J. L., Lechner R. E., Villacorta F. J., Saroun J., Lukas P., Marko M., Zanetti M., Bellissima S., del Rosso L., Masi F., Bovo C., Chowdhury M., De Bonis A., Di Fresco L., Scatigno C., Parker S. F., Fernandez-Alonso F., Colognesi D., Senesi R., Andreani C., Gorini G., Scionti G., Schreyer A., Andersen, K, Argyriou, D, Jackson, A, Houston, J, Henry, P, Deen, P, Toft-Petersen, R, Beran, P, Strobl, M, Arnold, T, Wacklin-Knecht, H, Tsapatsaris, N, Oksanen, E, Woracek, R, Schweika, W, Mannix, D, Hiess, A, Kennedy, S, Kirstein, O, Petersson Arskold, S, Taylor, J, Hagen, M, Laszlo, G, Kanaki, K, Piscitelli, F, Khaplanov, A, Stefanescu, I, Kittelmann, T, Pfeiffer, D, Hall-Wilton, R, Lopez, C, Aprigliano, G, Whitelegg, L, Moreira, F, Olsson, M, Bordallo, H, Martin-Rodriguez, D, Schneider, H, Sharp, M, Hartl, M, Nagy, G, Ansell, S, Pullen, S, Vickery, A, Fedrigo, A, Mezei, F, Arai, M, Heenan, R, Halcrow, W, Turner, D, Raspino, D, Orszulik, A, Cooper, J, Webb, N, Galsworthy, P, Nightingale, J, Langridge, S, Elmer, J, Frielinghaus, H, Hanslik, R, Gussen, A, Jaksch, S, Engels, R, Kozielewski, T, Butterweck, S, Feygenson, M, Harbott, P, Poque, A, Schwaab, A, Lieutenant, K, Violini, N, Voigt, J, Bruckel, T, Koenen, M, Kammerling, H, Babcock, E, Salhi, Z, Wischnewski, A, Heynen, A, Desert, S, Jestin, J, Porcher, F, Fabreges, X, Fabreges, G, Annighofer, B, Klimko, S, Dupont, T, Robillard, T, Goukassov, A, Longeville, S, Alba-Simionesco, C, Bourges, P, Guyon Le Bouffy, J, Lavie, P, Rodrigues, S, Calzada, E, Lerche, M, Schillinger, B, Schmakat, P, Schulz, M, Seifert, M, Lohstroh, W, Petry, W, Neuhaus, J, Loaiza, L, Tartaglione, A, Glavic, A, Schutz, S, Stahn, J, Lehmann, E, Morgano, M, Schefer, J, Filges, U, Klauser, C, Niedermayer, C, Fenske, J, Nowak, G, Rouijaa, M, Siemers, D, Kiehn, R, Muller, M, Carlsen, H, Udby, L, Lefmann, K, Birk, J, Holm-Dahlin, S, Bertelsen, M, Hansen, U, Olsen, M, Christensen, M, Iversen, K, Christensen, N, Ronnow, H, Freeman, P, Hauback, B, Kolevatov, R, Llamas-Jansa, I, Orecchini, A, Sacchetti, F, Petrillo, C, Paciaroni, A, Tozzi, P, Zanatta, M, Luna, P, Herranz, I, del Moral, O, Huerta, M, Magan, M, Mosconi, M, Abad, E, Aguilar, J, Stepanyan, S, Bakedano, G, Vivanco, R, Bustinduy, I, Sordo, F, Martinez, J, Lechner, R, Villacorta, F, Saroun, J, Lukas, P, Marko, M, Zanetti, M, Bellissima, S, del Rosso, L, Masi, F, Bovo, C, Chowdhury, M, De Bonis, A, Di Fresco, L, Scatigno, C, Parker, S, Fernandez-Alonso, F, Colognesi, D, Senesi, R, Andreani, C, Gorini, G, Scionti, G, Schreyer, A, Andersen K. H., Argyriou D. N., Jackson A. J., Houston J., Henry P. F., Deen P. P., Toft-Petersen R., Beran P., Strobl M., Arnold T., Wacklin-Knecht H., Tsapatsaris N., Oksanen E., Woracek R., Schweika W., Mannix D., Hiess A., Kennedy S., Kirstein O., Petersson Arskold S., Taylor J., Hagen M. E., Laszlo G., Kanaki K., Piscitelli F., Khaplanov A., Stefanescu I., Kittelmann T., Pfeiffer D., Hall-Wilton R., Lopez C. I., Aprigliano G., Whitelegg L., Moreira F. Y., Olsson M., Bordallo H. N., Martin-Rodriguez D., Schneider H., Sharp M., Hartl M., Nagy G., Ansell S., Pullen S., Vickery A., Fedrigo A., Mezei F., Arai M., Heenan R. K., Halcrow W., Turner D., Raspino D., Orszulik A., Cooper J., Webb N., Galsworthy P., Nightingale J., Langridge S., Elmer J., Frielinghaus H., Hanslik R., Gussen A., Jaksch S., Engels R., Kozielewski T., Butterweck S., Feygenson M., Harbott P., Poque A., Schwaab A., Lieutenant K., Violini N., Voigt J., Bruckel T., Koenen M., Kammerling H., Babcock E., Salhi Z., Wischnewski A., Heynen A., Desert S., Jestin J., Porcher F., Fabreges X., Fabreges G., Annighofer B., Klimko S., Dupont T., Robillard T., Goukassov A., Longeville S., Alba-Simionesco C., Bourges P., Guyon Le Bouffy J., Lavie P., Rodrigues S., Calzada E., Lerche M., Schillinger B., Schmakat P., Schulz M., Seifert M., Lohstroh W., Petry W., Neuhaus J., Loaiza L., Tartaglione A., Glavic A., Schutz S., Stahn J., Lehmann E., Morgano M., Schefer J., Filges U., Klauser C., Niedermayer C., Fenske J., Nowak G., Rouijaa M., Siemers D. J., Kiehn R., Muller M., Carlsen H., Udby L., Lefmann K., Birk J. O., Holm-Dahlin S., Bertelsen M., Hansen U. B., Olsen M. A., Christensen M., Iversen K., Christensen N. B., Ronnow H. M., Freeman P. G., Hauback B. C., Kolevatov R., Llamas-Jansa I., Orecchini A., Sacchetti F., Petrillo C., Paciaroni A., Tozzi P., Zanatta M., Luna P., Herranz I., del Moral O. G., Huerta M., Magan M., Mosconi M., Abad E., Aguilar J., Stepanyan S., Bakedano G., Vivanco R., Bustinduy I., Sordo F., Martinez J. L., Lechner R. E., Villacorta F. J., Saroun J., Lukas P., Marko M., Zanetti M., Bellissima S., del Rosso L., Masi F., Bovo C., Chowdhury M., De Bonis A., Di Fresco L., Scatigno C., Parker S. F., Fernandez-Alonso F., Colognesi D., Senesi R., Andreani C., Gorini G., Scionti G., and Schreyer A.

Abstract

An overview is provided of the 15 neutron beam instruments making up the initial instrument suite of the European Spallation Source (ESS), and being made available to the neutron user community. The ESS neutron source consists of a high-power accelerator and target station, providing a unique long-pulse time structure of slow neutrons. The design considerations behind the time structure, moderator geometry and instrument layout are presented. The 15-instrument suite consists of two small-angle instruments, two reflectometers, an imaging beamline, two single-crystal diffractometers; one for macromolecular crystallography and one for magnetism, two powder diffractometers, and an engineering diffractometer, as well as an array of five inelastic instruments comprising two chopper spectrometers, an inverse-geometry single-crystal excitations spectrometer, an instrument for vibrational spectroscopy and a high-resolution backscattering spectrometer. The conceptual design, performance and scientific drivers of each of these instruments are described. All of the instruments are designed to provide breakthrough new scientific capability, not currently available at existing facilities, building on the inherent strengths of the ESS long-pulse neutron source of high flux, flexible resolution and large bandwidth. Each of them is predicted to provide world-leading performance at an accelerator power of 2 MW. This technical capability translates into a very broad range of scientific capabilities. The composition of the instrument suite has been chosen to maximise the breadth and depth of the scientific impact of the early years of the ESS, and provide a solid base for completion and further expansion of the facility.

Published
2020

11. The instrument suite of the European Spallation Source

Author

Swedish Research Council, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), European Commission, Andersen, K. H., Argyriou, D. N., Jackson, A. J., Houston, J., Henry, P. F., Deen, P. P., Toft-Petersen, R., Beran, P., Strobl, M., Arnold, T., Wacklin-Knecht, H., Tsapatsaris, N., Morgano, M., Schefer, J., Filges, U., Klauser, Ch., Niedermayer, Ch., Fenske, J., Nowak, G., Rouijaa, M., Siemers, D. J., Hagen, M. E., Kiehn, R., Oksanen, E., Müller, M., Carlsen, H., Udby, L., Lefmann, K., Birk, J. O., Holm-Dahlin, S., Bertelsen, M., Bengaard Hansen, U., Laszlo, G., Olsen, M. A., Christensen, M., Woracek, R., Iversen, K., Christensen, N. B., Rønnow, H. M., Freeman, P. G., Hauback, B. C., Kolevatov, R., Llamas-Jansa, I., Kanaki, K., Orecchini, A., Sacchetti, F., Petrillo, C., Schweika, W., Paciaroni, A., Tozzi, P., Zanatta, M., Luna, P., Herranz, I., Moral, O. G. del, Piscitelli, F., Huerta, M., Magán, M., Mosconi, M., Abad, E., Mannix, D., Aguilar, J., Stepanyan, S., Bakedano, G., Vivanco, R., Bustinduy, I., Khaplanov, A., Sordo, F., Martínez, J. L., Lechner, R. E., Villacorta, F. J., Šaroun, J., Hiess, A., Lukáš, P., Markó, M., Zanetti, M., Bellissima, S., Stefanescu, I., Rosso, L. del, Masi, F., Bovo, C., Chowdhury, M., De Bonis, A., Di Fresco, L., Kennedy, S., Scatigno, C., Parker, S. F., Fernández-Alonso, Félix, Kittelmann, Th., Colognesi, D., Senesi, R., Andreani, C., Gorini, G., Sciont, G., Schreyer, A., Kirstein, O., Petersson Årsköld, S., Taylor, J., Pfeiffer, D., Hall-Wilton, R., Lopez, C. I., Seifert, M., Aprigliano, G., Whitelegg, L., Moreira, F. Y., Olsson, M., Bordallo, Heloisa N., Martín-Rodríguez, D., Schneider, H., Sharp, M., Hartl, M., Nagy, G., Lohstroh, W., Ansell, S., Pullen, S., Vickery, A., Fedrigo, A., Mezei, F., Arai, M., Heenan, R. K., Halcrow, W., Turner, D., Raspino, D., Petry, W., Orszulik, A., Cooper, J., Webb, N., Galsworthy, P., Nightingale, J., Langridge, S., Elmer, J., Frielinghaus, H., Hanslik, R., Gussen, A., Neuhaus, J., Jaksch, S., Engels, R., Kozielewski, T., Butterweck, S., Feygenson, M., Harbott, P., Poqué, A., Schwaab, A., Lieutenant, K., Violini, N., Loaiza, L., Voigt, J., Brückel, Thomas, Koenen, M., Kämmerling, H., Babcock, E., Salhi, Z., Wischnewski, A., Heynen, A., Désert, S., Jestin, J., Tartaglione, A., Porcher, F., Fabrèges, X., Fabrèges, G., Annighöfer, B., Klimko, S., Dupont, Th., Robillard, Th., Goukassov, A., Longeville, S., Alba-Simionesco, Ch., Glavic, Artur G., Bourges, Ph., Guyon Le Bouffy, J., Lavie, P., Rodrigues, S., Calzada, E., Lerche, M., Schillinger, B., Schmakat, Ph., Schulz, M., Schütz, S., Stahn, J., Lehmann, E., Swedish Research Council, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), European Commission, Andersen, K. H., Argyriou, D. N., Jackson, A. J., Houston, J., Henry, P. F., Deen, P. P., Toft-Petersen, R., Beran, P., Strobl, M., Arnold, T., Wacklin-Knecht, H., Tsapatsaris, N., Morgano, M., Schefer, J., Filges, U., Klauser, Ch., Niedermayer, Ch., Fenske, J., Nowak, G., Rouijaa, M., Siemers, D. J., Hagen, M. E., Kiehn, R., Oksanen, E., Müller, M., Carlsen, H., Udby, L., Lefmann, K., Birk, J. O., Holm-Dahlin, S., Bertelsen, M., Bengaard Hansen, U., Laszlo, G., Olsen, M. A., Christensen, M., Woracek, R., Iversen, K., Christensen, N. B., Rønnow, H. M., Freeman, P. G., Hauback, B. C., Kolevatov, R., Llamas-Jansa, I., Kanaki, K., Orecchini, A., Sacchetti, F., Petrillo, C., Schweika, W., Paciaroni, A., Tozzi, P., Zanatta, M., Luna, P., Herranz, I., Moral, O. G. del, Piscitelli, F., Huerta, M., Magán, M., Mosconi, M., Abad, E., Mannix, D., Aguilar, J., Stepanyan, S., Bakedano, G., Vivanco, R., Bustinduy, I., Khaplanov, A., Sordo, F., Martínez, J. L., Lechner, R. E., Villacorta, F. J., Šaroun, J., Hiess, A., Lukáš, P., Markó, M., Zanetti, M., Bellissima, S., Stefanescu, I., Rosso, L. del, Masi, F., Bovo, C., Chowdhury, M., De Bonis, A., Di Fresco, L., Kennedy, S., Scatigno, C., Parker, S. F., Fernández-Alonso, Félix, Kittelmann, Th., Colognesi, D., Senesi, R., Andreani, C., Gorini, G., Sciont, G., Schreyer, A., Kirstein, O., Petersson Årsköld, S., Taylor, J., Pfeiffer, D., Hall-Wilton, R., Lopez, C. I., Seifert, M., Aprigliano, G., Whitelegg, L., Moreira, F. Y., Olsson, M., Bordallo, Heloisa N., Martín-Rodríguez, D., Schneider, H., Sharp, M., Hartl, M., Nagy, G., Lohstroh, W., Ansell, S., Pullen, S., Vickery, A., Fedrigo, A., Mezei, F., Arai, M., Heenan, R. K., Halcrow, W., Turner, D., Raspino, D., Petry, W., Orszulik, A., Cooper, J., Webb, N., Galsworthy, P., Nightingale, J., Langridge, S., Elmer, J., Frielinghaus, H., Hanslik, R., Gussen, A., Neuhaus, J., Jaksch, S., Engels, R., Kozielewski, T., Butterweck, S., Feygenson, M., Harbott, P., Poqué, A., Schwaab, A., Lieutenant, K., Violini, N., Loaiza, L., Voigt, J., Brückel, Thomas, Koenen, M., Kämmerling, H., Babcock, E., Salhi, Z., Wischnewski, A., Heynen, A., Désert, S., Jestin, J., Tartaglione, A., Porcher, F., Fabrèges, X., Fabrèges, G., Annighöfer, B., Klimko, S., Dupont, Th., Robillard, Th., Goukassov, A., Longeville, S., Alba-Simionesco, Ch., Glavic, Artur G., Bourges, Ph., Guyon Le Bouffy, J., Lavie, P., Rodrigues, S., Calzada, E., Lerche, M., Schillinger, B., Schmakat, Ph., Schulz, M., Schütz, S., Stahn, J., and Lehmann, E.

Abstract

An overview is provided of the 15 neutron beam instruments making up the initial instrument suite of the European Spallation Source (ESS), and being made available to the neutron user community. The ESS neutron source consists of a high-power accelerator and target station, providing a unique long-pulse time structure of slow neutrons. The design considerations behind the time structure, moderator geometry and instrument layout are presented. The 15-instrument suite consists of two small-angle instruments, two reflectometers, an imaging beamline, two single-crystal diffractometers; one for macromolecular crystallography and one for magnetism, two powder diffractometers, and an engineering diffractometer, as well as an array of five inelastic instruments comprising two chopper spectrometers, an inverse-geometry single-crystal excitations spectrometer, an instrument for vibrational spectroscopy and a high-resolution backscattering spectrometer. The conceptual design, performance and scientific drivers of each of these instruments are described. All of the instruments are designed to provide breakthrough new scientific capability, not currently available at existing facilities, building on the inherent strengths of the ESS long-pulse neutron source of high flux, flexible resolution and large bandwidth. Each of them is predicted to provide world-leading performance at an accelerator power of 2 MW. This technical capability translates into a very broad range of scientific capabilities. The composition of the instrument suite has been chosen to maximise the breadth and depth of the scientific impact of the early years of the ESS, and provide a solid base for completion and further expansion of the facility.

Published
2020

16. High-energy magnetic excitations in Mn90Cu10.

Author

Fernandez-Baca, J. A., Hagen, M. E., Nicklow, R. M., Perring, T. G., and Tsunoda, Y.

Subjects
*NEUTRONS, *SCATTERING (Physics), *MAGNETIZATION, *MANGANESE
Abstract

Focuses on a study which detailed the results of recent neutron inelastic scattering measurements performed on Mn[sub90]Cu[sub10] at room temperature. Methodology; Reason for the interest in magnetic excitations in manganese-rich alloys; Motive for calculating the lineshapes.

Published
1993
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19. ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Enantiomeric Forms of Cyclobutyl Nucleoside Analogues.

Author

BISACCHI, G. S., primary, BRAITMAN, A., additional, CIANCI, C. W., additional, CLARK, J. M., additional, FIELD, A. K., additional, HAGEN, M. E., additional, HOCKSTEIN, D. R., additional, MALLEY, M. F., additional, MITT, T., additional, SLUSARCHYK, W. A., additional, SUNDEEN, J. E., additional, TERRY, B. J., additional, TUOMARI, A. V., additional, WEAVER, E. R., additional, YOUNG, M. G., additional, and ZAHLER, R., additional

Published
2010
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30. Preclinical cadaveric study of transanal endoscopic da Vinci® surgery.

Author

Hompes, R., Rauh, S. M., Hagen, M. E., and Mortensen, N. J.

Subjects
NASAL surgery, ENDOSCOPIC surgery, MEDICAL robotics, CLINICAL trials, MEDICAL cadavers, SURGICAL instruments, SURGICAL gloves
Abstract

Background: Single-port platforms are increasingly being used for transanal surgery and may be associated with a shorter learning curve than transanal endoscopic microsurgery. However, these procedures remain technically challenging, and robotic technology could overcome some of the limitations and increase intraluminal manoeuvrability. An initial experimental experience with transanal endoscopic da Vinci® surgery (TEdS) using a glove port on human cadavers is reported. Methods: After initial dry laboratory experiments, the feasibility of TEdS and ideal set-up were further evaluated in human cadavers. For transanal access a glove port was constructed on-table by using a circular anal dilator, a standard wound retractor and a surgical glove. A da Vinci® Si HD system was used in combination with the glove port for transanal endoscopic resections. Results: It was possible to perform all necessary tasks to complete a full-thickness excision and closure of the rectal wall, with cadavers in both prone and supine positions. The stable magnified view, combined with the EndoWrist® technology of the robotic instruments, made every task straightforward. Intraluminal manoeuvrability could be improved further by intersecting the robotic instruments. The glove port proved to be very reliable and the inherent flexibility of the glove facilitated docking of the robotic arms in a narrow confined space. Conclusion: Using a reliable and universally available glove port, TEdS was feasible and a preferred set-up was determined. Further clinical trials will be necessary to assess the safety and efficacy of this technique. Copyright © 2012 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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31. Amyand's hernia: 10 years' experience.

Author

Inan I, Myers PO, Hagen ME, Gonzalez M, Morel P, Inan, I, Myers, P O, Hagen, M E, Gonzalez, M, and Morel, P

Abstract

Background: Amyand's hernia is an atypical groin hernia which contains the vermiform appendix. The aim of this study was to review a single institution's experience in the clinical presentation, management and prognostic factors of this rare hernia.Methods: The authors reviewed records of all patients undergoing hernia surgery from 1996 to 2006 at their institution, a tertiary care, University-affiliated hospital.Results: Twelve patients (six men) with a median age of 88 years (range 60-97) were included. Six presented with right inguinal hernias and six presented with right femoral hernias. All required emergency surgery: eight for strangulated hernias, two for hernias with lower quadrant peritonism and two for incarcerated hernia. Despite small differences in outcome and length of hospitalisation between Amyand types, appendix inflammation, pre-operative blood examinations and hernia localisation, only right lower quadrant peritonism as a presenting sign (p=0.004) and age greater than 90 years old (p=0.04) were significantly associated with a poor outcome.Conclusion: Amyand's hernia is a rare hernia which is seldom diagnosed before operation. It must be considered in the evaluation of a strangulated or incarcerated hernia. Further studies are required to define the optimal surgical strategy, prognostic factors and risks of hernia recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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32. Hybrid natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: an experimental surgical study in human cadavers.

Author

Hagen, M. E., Wagner, O. J., Swain, P., Pugin, F., Buchs, N., Caddedu, M., Jamidar, P., Fasel, J., and Morel, P.

Subjects
*ENDOSCOPIC surgery, *TRANSLUMINAL angioplasty, *CARDIOPULMONARY bypass, *DEAD, *ENDOSCOPY
Abstract

Background and study aims: The advantages of a hybrid natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery approach to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (hNOTES-RYGBP) might include: easier access to the peritoneal cavity, reduced number of ports and related complications, improved cosmesis, and others. However, currently available conventional endoscopic and laparoscopic instruments might be unsuitable for complex surgical procedures using transluminal access. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and limitations of a NOTES RYGBP. Methods: hNOTES-RYGBP was performed in human cadavers. Pouch creation was achieved by needle-knife dissection using a transvaginal, flexible scope. Articulating linear staplers were placed transumbilically to transect the stomach. Measurements of the small bowel were accomplished intraluminally or with flexible and rigid graspers. New methods were tested to create the gastro-jejunal anastomosis. A linear laparoscopic stapler was used to form the jejuno-jejunal anastomosis. Results: Stapler manipulation and anvil docking, bowel manipulation and measurement, and tissue dissection presented the main obstacles for hNOTES-RYGBP. Conventional instruments were too short for some transvaginal manipulations. The time to complete the procedure was 6 – 9 hours. It was feasible to perform a complete hNOTES-RYGBP in four out of seven cadavers. Two cadavers were unsuitable due to anatomical abnormalities or advanced decay. One procedure was terminated before completion because of time constraints. Combinations of flexible and rigid visualization and manipulation were helpful, especially for dissection and gastric pouch creation. Conclusions: Several factors made hNOTES-RYGBP very challenging and time-consuming. A lack of proper instrumentation resulting in insufficient tissue traction, countertraction, and instrument manipulation complicated several steps during the procedure. A combination of flexible with rigid endoscopic techniques offers specific advantages for components of this type of surgery. Changes in instrument design are required to improve more complex endosurgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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34. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase by [1R(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)]-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl] guanine.

Author

Terry, B J, Cianci, C W, and Hagen, M E

Abstract

(+/-)-(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)-9-[2,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl] guanine [(+/-)-BHCG] is a nucleoside analog with potent in vitro activity against herpesviruses [Tetrahedron Lett. 30:6453-6456 (1989)]. The two enantiomers have been synthesized, and their biochemical characterization is reported here. [1S(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)]-9-[2,3-Bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]guanine [(S)-BHCG] was phosphorylated by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase (Vmax = 8 nmol/hr/micrograms of enzyme), whereas [1R(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)]-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]guanine [(R)-BHCG] was a poor substrate for the viral thymidine kinase under these conditions. The triphosphate of each enantiomer was enzymatically synthesized, and both enantiomers competitively inhibited HSV-1 DNA polymerase with respect to dGTP. However, the potency of (R)-BHCG-TP was 4 orders of magnitude greater than that of (S)-BHCG-TP. (R)-BHCG-TP inhibited HeLa DNA polymerase alpha, but the inhibition constant was 30-fold higher than that for the viral DNA polymerase. In comparison, (S)-BHCG-TP was a very poor inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha. (R)-[3H]BHCG-TP could be incorporated into a synthetic DNA template by HSV-1 DNA polymerase at 80% the extent of dGTP under the assay conditions used and, therefore, could act as an alternative substrate. Incorporation of (R)-BHCG-TP was similar to that observed for acyclovir triphosphate and ganciclovir triphosphate, based on maximal velocities. In contrast, HSV-1 DNA polymerase did not incorporate (S)-BHCG-TP into DNA. Compared with dGTP, only limited extension (10%) of the DNA primer by HSV-1 DNA polymerase occurred after incorporation of (R)-BHCG-TP and, therefore, (R)-BHCG-TP acts as a nonobligate chain terminator.

Published
1991

38. [Robotic-assisted organ transplantation].

Author

Hagen ME, Joliat C, Buchs JB, Nastasi A, Ruttimann R, Lazeyras F, Buchs NC, Iselin C, Morel P, and Bühler L

Subjects
Humans, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures methods, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods, Laparoscopy methods, Organ Transplantation methods, Robotics methods
Abstract

Advanced surgical procedures have traditionally been a domain of open surgery. However, minimally invasive approaches are evolving with the development of robotic technology which appears capable to overcome technical limitations of conventional laparoscopy. While traditionally perceived as impossible indications for minimally invasive surgery, reports on robotic organ transplantations have surfaced with promising results.

Published
2014

39. Robotic distal pancreatectomy: a valid option?

Author

Jung MK, Buchs NC, Azagury DE, Hagen ME, and Morel P

Subjects
Carcinoma surgery, Clinical Trials as Topic, Costs and Cost Analysis, Humans, Laparoscopy economics, Length of Stay, Living Donors, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Organ Sparing Treatments, Pancreas Transplantation, Pancreatectomy economics, Pancreatectomy instrumentation, Pancreatic Diseases surgery, Pancreatic Fistula epidemiology, Pancreatic Fistula etiology, Pancreatic Neoplasms surgery, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Robotics economics, Robotics instrumentation, Spleen, Splenectomy methods, Time Factors, Laparoscopy methods, Pancreatectomy methods, Robotics methods
Abstract

Although reported in the literature, conventional laparoscopic approach for distal pancreatectomy is still lacking widespread acceptance. This might be due to two-dimensional vision and decreased range of motion to reach and safely dissect this highly vascularized retroperitoneal organ by laparoscopy. However, interest in minimally invasive access is growing ever since and the robotic system could certainly help overcome limitations of the laparoscopic approach in the challenging domain of pancreatic resection, notably in distal pancreatectomy. Robotic distal pancreatectomy with and without spleen preservation has been reported with encouraging outcomes for benign and borderline malignant disease. As a result of upgraded endowristed manipulation and three-dimensional visualization, improved outcome might be expected with the launch of the robotic system in the procedure of distal pancreatectomy. Our aim was thus to extensively review the current literature of robot-assisted surgery for distal pancreatectomy and to evaluate advantages and possible limitations of the robotic approach.

Published
2013

40. [Robotic single site surgery: current practice and future developments].

Author

Buchs NC, Pugin F, Volonté F, Jung M, Hagen ME, and Morel P

Subjects
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic instrumentation, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic methods, Humans, Professional Practice trends, Robotics methods, Robotics standards, Robotics statistics & numerical data, Robotics instrumentation, Surgery, Computer-Assisted instrumentation, Surgery, Computer-Assisted methods, Surgery, Computer-Assisted trends
Abstract

Robotic surgery has been gaining increasing acceptance for several years now, establishing itself with success in all the surgical fields. Besides, since the introduction of single site surgery, the interest for the robotic technology is more than obvious, offering technical possibilities to overcome the natural limitations of laparoscopy. This article reviews the different devices available and the indications of robotic single site surgery. Moreover, the future developments of this new technology are discussed as well.

Published
2012

41. Cosmetic issues of abdominal surgery: results of an enquiry into possible grounds for a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) approach.

Author

Hagen ME, Wagner OJ, Christen D, and Morel P

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attitude to Health, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Public Opinion, Surveys and Questionnaires, Abdomen surgery, Endoscopy methods, Esthetics
Abstract

Background and Study Aims: Decreased scarring is an advantage of minimally invasive surgery. The new experimental technique of natural orifice transluminal surgery (NOTES) aims at totally scarless surgery. We examined the general attitudes of patients and unaffected persons towards scarless surgery., Methods and Participants: We used a 7-item questionnaire in structured interviews with hospital visitors, following detailed standardized explanation of terms used and of possible complications, to groups of 10 participants, during an "open ward" day. A visual analog scale (VAS) from 1 (none) to 10 (very much) was used for all but one item. Questions concerned the importance of cosmetic results in abdominal surgery, satisfaction regarding existing scars, hypothetical acceptance of increased risk as a trade-off for the absence of scars, and other issues. Data were analyzed for participants overall, and for three age groups and both sexes., Results: 292 participants (male : female 1 : 1; mean age 43 years) completed the questionnaire. Cosmetic issues were rated as important (median 8), but acceptance of existing scars was also high in those affected (median 8, n=68). Approval of scarless surgery decreased with a presumed risk increase (from score 9 down to score 5), and overall an increase in risk of 10 % was judged to be acceptable as a trade-off for total absence of scarring. Younger people tended to be less satisfied with scars, but were also less inclined than older people to accept higher surgical risk in this hypothetical context., Conclusions: People generally seem to favor scarless abdominal surgery, even with some increase in risk.

Published
2008
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42. In vitro stimulation of oxidative stress in cerebral cortex of rats by the guanidino compounds accumulating in hyperargininemia.

Author

Wyse AT, Bavaresco CS, Hagen ME, Delwing D, Wannmacher CM, Severo Dutra-Filho C, and Wajner M

Subjects
Age Factors, Animals, Antioxidants metabolism, Catalase metabolism, Female, Glutathione Peroxidase metabolism, Homoarginine pharmacology, Hyperargininemia chemically induced, In Vitro Techniques, Luminescent Measurements, Oxidative Stress physiology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Arginine analogs & derivatives, Arginine pharmacology, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Hyperargininemia metabolism, Oxidative Stress drug effects
Abstract

Hyperargininemia is a metabolic disorder biochemically characterized by tissue accumulation of arginine and other guanidino compounds. Convulsions, lethargy and psychomotor delay or cognitive deterioration are predominant clinical features of this disease. Although neurologic symptoms predominate in this disorder, their pathophysiology is still unknown. In the present study we investigated the in vitro effects of arginine, N-acetylarginine, argininic acid and homoarginine on some oxidative stress parameters in rat brain in the hope to identify a possible mechanism for the brain damage in hyperargininemia. Chemiluminescence, total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured in the cerebral cortex of rats in the presence of various concentrations of these compounds. The results showed that all guanidino compounds tested significantly increased chemiluminescence and decreased TRAP at concentrations similar to those observed in the tissue of hyperargininemic patients. Furthermore, these compounds inhibited CAT and GSH-Px activities to varying extents, with GSH-Px activity being more susceptible to their action. In turn, argininic acid inhibited all enzyme activities, and its main action was also directed towards GSH-Px. The results suggest that oxidative stress caused by guanidino compounds may be involved in the brain dysfunction amongst other potential pathophysiological mechanisms observed in hyperargininemia.

Published
2001
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43. Synthesis and antiviral activity of enantiomeric forms of cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues.

Author

Bisacchi GS, Braitman A, Cianci CW, Clark JM, Field AK, Hagen ME, Hockstein DR, Malley MF, Mitt T, and Slusarchyk WA

Subjects
Animals, Cell Line, Cell Survival drug effects, Cytomegalovirus Infections drug therapy, Guanine chemical synthesis, Guanine chemistry, Guanine pharmacology, Humans, Indicators and Reagents, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Mice, Models, Molecular, Molecular Conformation, Molecular Structure, Nucleosides chemistry, Nucleosides pharmacology, Simplexvirus drug effects, Structure-Activity Relationship, Viruses drug effects, Antiviral Agents chemical synthesis, Guanine analogs & derivatives, Nucleosides chemical synthesis
Abstract

The syntheses of the enantiomeric cyclobutyl guanine nucleoside analogues [1R-1 alpha, 2 beta, 3 alpha]- and [1S-1 alpha, 2 beta, 3 alpha]-2- amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl]-6H-purin-6-one (7 and 8, respectively) and the enantiomeric cyclobutyl adenine analogues [1R-1 alpha, 2 beta, 3 alpha]- and [1S-1 alpha, 2 beta, 3 alpha]-6-amino-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl) cyclobutyl]purine (9 and 10, respectively) are described. trans-3,3-Diethoxy-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (14) was coupled with R-(-)-2-phenylglycinol to provide a mixture of diastereomeric bis-amides, 15a and 15b, which was readily separated by crystallization. Conversion of each bis-amide to the corresponding diol enantiomer, 16a and 16b, respectively, was effected by a facile three-step sequence in high overall yield. Homochiral diol 16a was converted in a straightforward manner to 7 and 9, and homochiral diol 16b was similarly converted to the corresponding optical isomers 8 and 10. Compounds 7 and 9, which mimic the absolute configuration of natural nucleosides, are highly active against a range of herpesviruses in vitro while the isomers of opposite configuration, 8 and 10, are devoid of antiherpes activity. The corresponding triphosphates of 7 and 8 (7-TP and 8-TP) were prepared enzymatically. Compound 7-TP selectively inhibits HSV-1 DNA polymerase, compared to human (HeLa) DNA polymerase, while 8-TP is much less inhibitory than 7-TP against both types of enzymes. Compounds 7 and 9 are efficacious in a mouse cytomegalovirus model infection.

Published
1991
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44. (+-)-(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclobutyl] guanine [(+-)-BHCG or SQ 33,054]: a potent and selective inhibitor of herpesviruses.

Author

Field AK, Tuomari AV, McGeever-Rubin B, Terry BJ, Mazina KE, Haffey ML, Hagen ME, Clark JM, Braitman A, and Slusarchyk WA

Subjects
Acyclovir metabolism, Acyclovir pharmacology, Acyclovir therapeutic use, Animals, Antiviral Agents metabolism, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, DNA Replication drug effects, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Dogs, Female, Ganciclovir pharmacology, Guanine metabolism, Guanine pharmacology, Guanine therapeutic use, HeLa Cells drug effects, Herpes Simplex drug therapy, Humans, Mice, Phosphorylation, Simplexvirus enzymology, Thymidine Kinase metabolism, Viral Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Viral Proteins metabolism, Viruses drug effects, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Exodeoxyribonucleases antagonists & inhibitors, Guanine analogs & derivatives, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Simplexvirus drug effects
Abstract

(+-)-(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl] guanine [(+-)-BHCG or SQ 33,054] is a newly synthesized nucleoside analog with potent and selective antiviral activity against members of the herpesvirus group, including human cytomegalovirus. The activity against a thymidine kinase deficient HSV-2 mutant was 25-fold poorer than against the parent virus, suggesting that phosphorylation is an important prerequisite for antiviral activity against HSV-2. (+-)-BHCG is readily phosphorylated by purified HSV-1 thymidine kinase, and BHCG triphosphate synthesized enzymatically is a selective inhibitor of HSV-1 DNA polymerase. (+-)-BHCG did not inhibit host cell growth at concentrations at least 1000-fold higher than HSV-2 inhibitory concentrations. Subcutaneous administration of (+-)-BHCG was protective against HSV-1 systemic infections in mice. BHCG is an exciting antiviral agent and represents a new class of nucleoside analogs.

Published
1990
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