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Context: Errors in the phases of medication ordering have been shown to pose a huge threat to patient safety in health care. One of the means to combat these errors have been the implementation of information technology in health care. Objective: To analyze effects of implementation on medication errors (MEs) after stratifying trials based on the level of Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). Methods: Systematic search in Medline and Embase for papers describing the effect on implementation of Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) with or without (CDSS) in an inpatient setting. Results: An increase in the effect with the increasing level of complexity from 2/6=33% for “no CDSS”, 3/6=50% for “Basic CDSS” and 8/12=67% for “Complex CDSS” was found. The effect was found both in procedural errors and clinical errors. Conclusion: An inverse relationship between the level of CDSS and medication errors can be found.