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7. Smelting Reduction of HIsarna Slag with Methane.

Author

Htet, Theint Theint, Yan, Zhiming, Hage, Johannes, Meijer, Koen, and Li, Zushu

Subjects
GAS flow, MASS transfer, CARBON-black, GAS injection, ACTIVATION energy
Abstract

To study the smelting reduction behavior of methane in the HIsarna process, the isothermal reduction experiments of HIsarna slag with 6 wt% of FeO were conducted at the temperatures of 1450, 1475, and 1550 °C, using 5 vol% CH4‐Ar. The effect of the gas injection flow rate on the overall reduction rate was investigated in the range of 0.5–1.5 L min−1. The results confirm that the decomposed carbon black acts as the dominant reductant in the reduction process compared to hydrogen. Increased gas flow rate increases the reaction rate, while temperature shows no significant effect. The reduction process could be described by the JMAEK model: by fixing the gas flow rate at 1.0 L min−1 with different temperatures, the exponent n value is around 1.5, indicating FeO mass transfer is the limiting step since there are sufficient carbon blacks as nucleation sites. The reduction process follows the first‐order model controlled by the reactant concentration with the gas flow rate being at 0.5 L min−1 and in the second reaction stage of the gas flow rate at 1.5 L min−1. The determined activation energy for the methane reduction is 59.8 kJ mol−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Thermodynamic analysis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) formation inside the HIsarna off-gas system

Author

Hosseini, Ashkan, Moosavi-Khoonsari, Elmira, Meijer, Koen, Hage, Johannes, Peeters, Tim, Offerman, Erik, and Yang, Yongxiang

Abstract

ABSTRACTHIsarna reactor is characterized by a high raw materials versatility and is therefore attractive for processing secondary iron sources. Among the materials that can be recycled through HIsarna, zinc-bearing material has drawn a special attention. Based on the plant data, once dust-containing Zinc was injected into the main reactor, a final collected dust with a zinc content of 16% was achieved which opened up possibilities of higher enrichment for direct reuse in Zn smelting as a secondary source and an alternative for Zn ore (the primary source). However Zn vapor can react with iron oxide to form zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4), which is an undesired product. Hence, the main focus of this study is to minimize the formation of ZnFe2O using thermodynamic (FactSage) and computational fluid dynamic tools. After detecting regions with high potential of ZnFe2O4formation, proper geometrical and operational modifications of the off-gas system is proposed to minimize the formation of zinc ferrite.

Published
2023
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19. Residue Valorization in the Iron and Steel Industries: Sustainable Solutions for a Cleaner and More Competitive Future Europe

Author

Rieger, Johannes, primary, Colla, Valentina, additional, Matino, Ismael, additional, Branca, Teresa Annunziata, additional, Stubbe, Gerald, additional, Panizza, Andrea, additional, Brondi, Carlo, additional, Falsafi, Mohammadtaghi, additional, Hage, Johannes, additional, Wang, Xuan, additional, Voraberger, Bernhard, additional, Fenzl, Thomas, additional, Masaguer, Victoria, additional, Faraci, Eros Luciano, additional, di Sante, Loredana, additional, Cirilli, Filippo, additional, Loose, Florian, additional, Thaler, Christoph, additional, Soto, Aintzane, additional, Frittella, Piero, additional, Foglio, Gianpaolo, additional, di Cecca, Cosmo, additional, Tellaroli, Mattia, additional, Corbella, Marco, additional, Guzzon, Marta, additional, Malfa, Enrico, additional, Morillon, Agnieszka, additional, Algermissen, David, additional, Peters, Klaus, additional, and Snaet, Delphine, additional

Published
2021
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21. CFD modelling of the off-gas system of HIsarna iron making process. Part 1: model development using detailed reaction mechanism for post-combustion of CO–H2mixture and carbon particles

Author

Hosseini, Ashkan, Dhiman, Vinod, Meijer, Koen, Zeilstra, Christiaan, Hage, Johannes, Peeters, Tim, Offerman, Erik, and Yang, Yongxiang

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe HIsarna process is a new and breakthrough smelting reduction process for hot metal (liquid iron) production from iron ores and coal directly fed into the reactor. The flue gas from the main reactor enters the off-gas system containing small amounts of H2, CO and carbon particles which need to be removed before further treatment by post combustion oxygen injection. A three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the HIsarna off-gas system is performed and validated using a detailed reaction mechanism and kinetic data for post-combustion of a CO–H2mixture and carbon particles. Using the validated model, a series of simulations were performed to investigate the effect of water quenching and post combustion oxygen injection. It was found that water quenching can significantly reduce the off-gas temperature. It is also possible to reduce oxygen injection during operations where inlet CO content of the off-gas system is low.

Published
2022
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23. Enzymatic Decoration of Prebiotic Galacto-oligosaccharides (Vivinal GOS) with Sialic Acid Using Trypanosoma cruzi trans-Sialidase and Two Bovine Sialoglycoconjugates as Donor Substrates

Author

Wilbrink, Maarten H., primary, ten Kate, Geert A., additional, Sanders, Peter, additional, Gerwig, Gerrit J., additional, van Leeuwen, Sander S., additional, Sallomons, Erik, additional, Klarenbeek, Bert, additional, Hage, Johannes A., additional, van Vuure, Carine A., additional, Dijkhuizen, Lubbert, additional, and Kamerling, Johannis P., additional

Published
2015
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