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Detailed preoperative evaluation is essential in prevention of perioperative complications. As thorough anamnesis, physical examination and standard laboratory investigation do not contribute much in prediction of perioperative complications and outcome, and detection of tumor markers is also insufficient in means of prognosis, some molecular marker have emerged lately as prognostic markers in surgery. Recent data on pathophysiological processes stress response, derangements of hemostasis, in sepsis or in thromboembolism as well as in malignancy, indicate that presence or elevation of some molecular markers of fibrinolysis can indicate possibility of perioperative complications and even predict outcome. As it is evident that neoplastic cells enhance thrombin and other procoagulant production, detection of degree of activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis can contribute in prediction of treatment outcome in patients with bladder carcinoma scheduled for radical surgical procedures.

Radical prostatectomy is one of most common treatment options currently recommended for clinically localized prostate cancer. Evaluation of intraoperative and postoperative complications is important in evaluation of relative morbidity of this treatment option. Furthermore, investigation of complications of surgical treatment in correlation with not only surgical technique, but comorbidity, ASA stage and anesthetic technique enables improvements in complete perioperative treatment and decrease of incidence of complications resulting from the procedure. Improvement of anesthetic techniques and use of new anesthetic agents contributes to better outcome of surgical treatment. For radical surgery, combined epidural analgesia and general anesthesia reduces postoperative complications and mortality. Benefits can be conferred most likely by altered coagulation activation in surgery, increased blood flow, reduction of operative stress response. Modalities for reduction of intraoperative blood loss during radical prostatectomy are normovolemic haemodilution, preoperative donation of blood for autologus transfusion and use of erythropoietin for increasing red cell mass.

Our clinical trial included until now, 22 patients in whom new generation urethral stent named Allium, were inserted due to bladder outlet obstruction caused in 7 patients (pt) with benign prostae hyperplasia, in 13 pt with bulbar urethral stricture of different ethiology and in 2 pt with prostate cancer. Allium prostatic stents, designed by Daniel Yachia differs in some crucial characteristics from previously used stents: they are covered for the first time in urethra stenting history, without relatively low radiation force and because of that nonirritative. the indications, contraindications and preliminary results in this study are discussed concerning the patients with cancer of the prostate.

The absence of basal cell layer of prostatic acini containing high-molecular cytokeratin, which is immunohistochemically detected by monoclonal antibody 34?E12, is an essential diagnostic characteristic of prostatic cancer. The absence of im munohistochemical reaction in 3 or more pseudo glandular structures of prostatic tissue indicates malignant process. The percentage of immunohistochemically completely negative glandular structures was determined by semiquantitative measurement in tissue specimens obtained by TRUS biopsy of the prostate, and it was correlated with serum PSA concentration and Gleason score. The increase of percentage of glandular prostatic formations completely negative to high-molecular cytokeratin detected by 34?E12 led to simultaneous rise of mean value of Gleason prostatic cancer score (p

Cancer of the urinary bladder is the fourth most common cancer in men and the ninth in women. Approximately 67.000 people (50.000 males and 17. 000 females) develop bladder cancer each year in the United States, and 13.750 individuals (9.630 males and 4.120 females) are expected to die from it. In the showing of the morphologic characteristics of the tumors, authors underlining the increasing of the incidence, pathogenesis, premalignant lesions and the risk factors of disease.

Aim of this work is to present cases of renal neoplasms where all available diagnostic modalities and control exams were applied, still explorative surgery was needed. Asymptomatic tissue mass with diagnostic findings of hypovascular renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvic carcinoma were inconclusive. While percutaneous CT guided biopsy is advisable in such cases, it was not performed due to central, hilar localization of the lesions and its small dimensions. In rare cases, such ours are diagnosis is achieved by surgery-histology examination.