Search

Background: Diabetic foot infection (DFI) is an infection in soft tissue or bone in patient with diabetes mellitus, treatment of DFIs requires appropriate antibiotic selection, continuous updates of the microorganisms that are responsible of infection and their resistance pattern, the aim of this study to determine the frequency of antimicrobial resistance patterns, ESBLs, and MBLs produced carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli isolated from patients with DFI. Methods: about 111 swabs specimen were collection from patient suspected with DFI during the period of study, determinethe antibiotic susceptibility of E coli isolatesby using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to 23 antimicrobial agents. ESBL production was screened by two tests initial method by the disk diffusion method of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and aztreonam (30µg/disk each), accordingto the CLSI (2021) and confirmatory method by Double disk diffusion test, MBL production by the diskdiffusion method of imipenem and meropenem. Molecular detection for ESBL genes by monoplex PCR and MBL genes by multiplex PCR. Results: from 111 swabs specimen E.coli isolates had represented in 19 (27.5%) among Gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that10 carbapenem resistant E.coli isolates, and the highest resistant to ß-lactam class and cephalosporin, results indicated also 100% of isolates were MDR and 63.1 XDR. PCR assay to ESBL genes revealed that blaCTX-M was found in 3 (30%) and blaOXA was noticed in 4 (40%). The PCR data of MBL genes revealed that, the frequency of MBL genes among isolates as following blaVIM1 (50%), blaNDM2 (100%), and blaSIM 2 (100%). Conclusion: the study show high frequency of antibiotic resistant pattern and the presence of ESBL and MBL genes among carbapenem resistant E.coli isolated from DFI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in bacteria poses a potential threat to patient treatment, particularly when hospitalized spreading of this gene causes great concern as it can transmit between different bacteria species. The aims of this study were to investigate the presence of the mcr-1 gene among carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates from different clinical specimens and determine the clonal origin of strains carrying the mcr-1 gene using Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) method. Method: In this study, 22 CRKP isolates from clinical specimens collected from the major four hospitals in Najaf/Iraq were examined. All isolates were identified by a standard biochemical test and confirmed by an automated Vitek®2 system. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on 12 antibiotics by the disk diffusion method. All isolates tested to detect the presence of the mcr-1 gene using the PCR method. Determine the sequence typing by MLST for all mcr-1-positive CRKP isolates. Results: Out of 147 K.pneumoniae, 22 carbapenem resistance isolates from different clinical specimens were detected. Antibiotic sensitivity test results revealed that all isolates (100 %) were resistant to ampicillin, Cefepime, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone; however, most of the CRKP isolates (86.4 %) are sensitive to colistin. The mcr-1 gene was found in three (13.6%) of the 22 isolates of CRKP. These three isolates are resistant to all classes of antibiotics. The MLST results revealed that three mcr-1-positive CRKP isolates were related to three different sequence types: ST147, ST1, and ST11. Conclusion: The spread of CRKP isolates containing plasmid-borne mcr-1gene is worth our attention due to the consider of colistin as the last resort treatment against drug-resistant pathogens that increasingly identified in Najaf Hospitals/Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Uropathogenic E coli is the most frequently causes of UTIs in humans, accountable 75- 95 % of UTIs. PMQR have been identified in family Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. The purpose of this study to examine the dissemination of aac(6')-Ib-cr and PMQR genes in isolates of UPEC. Method : A cross sectional study of mid-stream urine of the participate patients their approval for direction usage their specimen. The susceptibility test by disk diffusion for UPEC were isolated from urine and screening of quinolone resistant by multiplex PCR for qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes and monoplex PCR for qunD, qepA and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes. Results : A total of 1072 mid-stream urine were collected randomly, overall 132 were identified E. coli, among these 60 aminoglycoside resistant UPEC isolates were screened to the five quinolone antibiotics. The resistance proportion to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were 75.0%, as well as to lomefloxacin, norfloxacin and levofloxacin were 76.7%, 73.3% and 71.7%, respectively. The susceptibility test for antibiotics showed a high incidence of the resistance to the majority of antibiotics class. It was found that 73.3%, 38.3%, and 20.0% of the isolates harbored aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS and qnrB genes, respectively either alone or in combination, while the qnrA. qunD, qepA genes were not detected. Conclusion : All isolates were identified as multiple antibiotic resistances, only one isolate can be considered as possible PDR and high prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS and qnrB genes among isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Qadisiah Medical Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes , an important food-borne pathogen, in gallbladder samples from cattle and sheep., Materials and Methods: Three hundred samples were collected and screened for the presence of L. monocytogenes . The identification of the isolates was confirmed by API- Listeria system and by the presence of hemolysin ( hyl ) gene. The isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-based serotype identification with d1 (division 1), d2 (division 2), glt, mama (mismatch amplification mutation assay), and flaA (flagellin protein) genes., Results: A total of 8 (2.7%) L. monocytogenes were recovered from 6 (4.0%) samples of sheep and 2 (1.3%) samples of cattle. All isolates showed positive results with Hly primers. Four isolates carried d1 gene, did not possess glt gene and harbored mama gene. The serotypes of these isolates were identified as 4a or 4c. The other 4 isolates carried d2 gene, 3 of them were positive with the FlaA primers, and hence, determined to be a 1/2a or 3a serotype, and 1 isolate was determined to be 1/2c or 3c serotype., Conclusion: This study concluded that the presence of 1/2a serotype in gallbladder samples indicates public health risk through cross-contamination of meat at slaughterhouses.