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4. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants: a literature review

Author

Hacker K, Anies M, Folb BL, and Zallman L

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Karen Hacker,1,2 Maria Anies,2 Barbara L Folb,2,3 Leah Zallman4–6 1Allegheny County Health Department, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 2Graduate School of Public Health, 3Health Sciences Library System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 4Institute for Community Health, Cambridge, MA, USA; 5Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA; 6Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Abstract: With the unprecedented international migration seen in recent years, policies that limit health care access have become prevalent. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants go beyond policy and range from financial limitations, to discrimination and fear of deportation. This paper is aimed at reviewing the literature on barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants and identifying strategies that have or could be used to address these barriers. To address study questions, we conducted a literature review of published articles from the last 10 years in PubMed using three main concepts: immigrants, undocumented, and access to health care. The search yielded 341 articles of which 66 met study criteria. With regard to barriers, we identified barriers in the policy arena focused on issues related to law and policy including limitations to access and type of health care. These varied widely across countries but ultimately impacted the type and amount of health care any undocumented immigrant could receive. Within the health system, barriers included bureaucratic obstacles including paperwork and registration systems. The alternative care available (safety net) was generally limited and overwhelmed. Finally, there was evidence of widespread discriminatory practices within the health care system itself. The individual level focused on the immigrant’s fear of deportation, stigma, and lack of capital (both social and financial) to obtain services. Recommendations identified in the papers reviewed included advocating for policy change to increase access to health care for undocumented immigrants, providing novel insurance options, expanding safety net services, training providers to better care for immigrant populations, and educating undocumented immigrants on navigating the system. There are numerous barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants. These vary by country and frequently change. Despite concerns that access to health care attracts immigrants, data demonstrates that people generally do not migrate to obtain health care. Solutions are needed that provide for noncitizens’ health care. Keywords: undocumented immigrants, health care, access, deportation, immigration and migration

Published
2015

10. American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons 91st Annual Convention Podium and Poster abstracts: June 7–12, 1992 San Francisco, CA

Author

Lechner, P., Lind, P., Binter, G., Golub, R. W., Kerner, B. A., Wise, Jr., W. E., Meesig, D. M., Hartmann, R. F., Khanduja, K. S., Sayre, J. W., Aguilar, P. S., Guillem, J. G., Forde, K. A., Treat, M. R., Neugut, A. I., O'Toole, K. M., Diamond, B. E., Kewenter, J., Brevinge, H., Haglind, E., Limberg, B., Elles, C. N., Boggs, W. H., Slagle, G. H., Cole, P. A., Coyle, D. J., Smith, L. E., Orkin, B., Saclarides, T. J., Sheridan, W. G., Lowndes, R. H., Young, H. L., Wong, W. D., Rothenberger, D. A., Bartolo, D. C. C., Wexner, S. D., Ger, G. C., Jorge, J. M. N., Lee, E., Nogueras, J. J., Jagelman, D. G., McKenna, K., Koltun, W. A., Bute, B., Lichliter, W., Le, T., Timmcke, A., Gathright, J. B., Mascagni, D., Hojo, K., Moriya, Y., Sugihara, K., Di, G., Zenni, G. C., Abraham, K., Dobrin, P. B., Harford, F. J., Suzuki, K., Gunderson, L., Devine, R. M., Dozois, R. R., Cavaliere, F., Pemberton, J. H., Fazio, V., Cosimelli, M., Beart, R. W., Giannarelli, D., Moran, M., Ramos, A., Rothenberger, D., Goldberg, S., Antonenko, D., Heymen, S., Gulledge, A. D., Jakate, S., Saclarides, T., Heine, J. A., Williams, J. G., VanBergen, E. H., Buie, W. D., Goldberg, S. M., Davies, N., Yates, J., Jenkins, S. A., Taylor, B. A., Bapat, B., Stern, H., Berk, T., Parker, J., Ray, P. N., McLeod, R., Cohen, Z., Rowe, J. K., Zera, R. T., Madoff, R. D., Bubrick, M. P., Roberts, J. C., Johnston, G. R., Fenney, D. A., Farouk, R., Duthie, G. S., McCue, J. L., Phillips, R. K. S., Viamonte, M., Cole, J., Gottesman, L., Solomon, M. J., McLeod, R. S., Kern, K., Jensen, L. L., Lowry, A. C., Vernava, III, A. M., Longo, W. E., Daniel, G. L., Ehrenpreis, E., Stone, J. M., Cosman, B. C., Wolfe, V. A., Nino-Murcia, M., Perkash, I., Marcello, P. W., Roberts, P. L., Schoetz, Jr., D. J., Murray, J. J., Coller, J. A., Veidenheimer, M. C., Keighley, M. R. B., Grobler, S. P., Hosie, K. B., Schmitt, S. L., James, K., Lucas, F., Peck, Donald A., Ferrara, A., Grotz, R. L., Perry, R. E., Hanson, R. B., Lewis, W. G., Holdsworth, P. J., Sagar, P. M., Johnston, D., Perry, T. G., Strong, S. A., Fazio, V. W., Lavery, I. C., Oakley, J. R., Church, J. M., Milsom, J. W., Fozard, J. B. J., Nelson, H., Schneebaum, S., Arnold, M. W., Young, D., LaValle, G. J., Petty, L., Berens, A., Mojizisik, C., Martin, E. W., Hase, K., Shatney, C. H., Trollope, M., Johnson, D., Vierra, M., Deutsch, A. A., Tulchinsky, H., Nudelman, I., Gutman, H., Reiss, R., Taylor, Brian M., Araujo, A., Bleday, R., Jessurun, J., Heine, J., Rosen, Les, Sipe, Paul, Riether, Robert, Stasik, John, Sheets, James, Khubchandani, Indru, Reiter, W., Friedberg, G., Morey, G., Goldstein, E., Williamson, P., Larach, S., Senagore, A. J., Luchtefeld, M. A., MacKeigen, J. M., Mazier, W. P., Wengert, T., Ott, M. T., Bailey, H. R., Hartendorp, P., Dailey, T. H., Church, J. C., Johansen, O. B., Daniel, N., Korst, M., Kuijpers, H. C., Pena, J. P., Christenson, C. E., Balcos, E. G., Lewis, W., Mitchell, C., MacFie, J., Hildebrandt, U., Ecker, K. W., Kraus, J., Schmid, T., Feifel, G., Tjandra, J. J., Scoggin, Steve, Frazee, Richard C., Ambroze, Jr., W. L., Nezhat, C., Pennington, E., Nezhat, F., Stolfi, V. M., Thorson, A. G., Falk, P. M., Fitzgibbons, Jr, R. J., Luukkonen, P., Järvinen, H. J., James, E., Paty, P. B., Enker, W. E., Cohen, A. M., Lauwers, G. Y., Saad, R., Birnbaum, E., DeVos, W., Fry, R., Kodner, I., Fleshman, J., Cali, R. L., Pitsch, R. M., Blatchford, G. J., Christensen, M. A., Schroeder, T. K., Easley, K. A., Ellis, C. N., Cheape, J. D., Hull, T. L., Salanga, V., Kokoszka, Joseph, Andrianopoulos, Georgia, Nelson, Richard, Abcarian, Herand, Kumar, D., Benson, M. J., Roberts, J., Martin, J. E., Swash, M., Wingate, D. L., Williams, N. S., Orkin, B. A., Emsellem, H., Dent, John, Tissaw, M. A., Shafik, A., Abel, M. E., Chiu, Y. S. Y., Russell, T. R., Volpe, P. A., Casillas, G. L., Mashas, W. E., Eastman, D. A., Grace, R. H., Anderson, J. M., Hacker, K., Heryer, J., Conner, W., Rubin, R., Eisenstat, T., Salvati, E., Oliver, G., Duberman, E., Simmang, C. L., Fry, R. D., Kodner, I. J., Fleshman, J. W., Corman, M. L., Galandiuk, S., Weiner, G. J., Kahn, D., Mitchell, E., Abdel-Nabi, H., Block, G. E., Mannella, E., Tedesco, M., Anza, M., Civalleri, D., Di Tora, P., Capussotti, L., Morandi, G. B., Tirelli, C., Da Pian, P. P., Cortesi, E., Ruggeri, E., Fitzgerald, S. D., Davis, Faith, Bowen, Phyllis, Sutter, Eileen, Kikendall, Walter, McGannon, E., Brantley, P. A., Czyrko, C., Falardeau, C., Trepashko, Don, Skosey, John, Michelassi, F., Staniunas, R. J., Vignati, P. V., Beck, D. E., Karulf, R., Roettger, R., Braidt, J., Ruoff, K., Ackroyd, F., Shellito, P., Goh, H. S., Lin, L. W., Edwards, E., Farmer, J., Walters, C. A., Hyman, N. H., Hebert, J. C., Richman, Irving M., Staren, E. D., Sessions, S. C., Scoma, R. S., Clements, B., Smink, Jr., R. D., Arai, K., Sugita, A., Yamazaki, Y., Harada, H., Fukushima, T., Armstrong, D. N., Ballantyne, G. H., Sillin, L. F., Davie, R. J., Harding, L. K., Birch, N. J., Yamanouchi, T., Bayer, I., Mitmaker, B., Gordon, P. H., Wang, E., Kynaston, H., Edelstein, P. S., Thompson, S. M., Davies, R. J., Farmer, K. C. R., Oliver, S. E., Spigelman, A. D., Bennett, P., O'Kelly, T. J., Brading, A. F., Mortensen, N. J., Paul, P., McGannon, E. M., Huth, P., Hull-Boiner, S., Pezim, M. E., Johnson, H. W., Gillespie, K. D., Willard, P., Owen, D. A., Ramsey, P. S., Leu, S. Y., Hsu, H., Al-Humadi, Adil H., Eisman, E., Tries, J., Gupta, N. C., Frick, M. P., Boman, B. M., Franceschi, D., Eckhauser, M. L., Pritchard, T., Konsten, J., Baeten, C. G. M. I., Havenith, M. G., Soeters, P. B., Lau, P. W. K., Lorentz, T. G., Wong, J., and The III In-CYT-103 Immunoscintigraphy Study Group

Published
1992
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11. Simultaneous Operation of Two Soft X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers Driven by One Linear Accelerator

Author

Faatz, B., Plönjes, E., Bican, Y., Meissner, D., Mildner, N., Miltchev, V., Molnar, S., Mross, D., Müller, F., Neumann, R., Neumann, P., Nölle, D., Obier, F., Bilani, O., Pelzer, M., Peters, H-B, Petersen, K., Petrosyan, A., Petrosyan, G., Petrosyan, L., Petrosyan, Vahan, Petrov, A., Pfeiffer, S., Piotrowski, A., Bödewadt, J., Pisarov, Z., Plath, T., Pototzki, P., Prandolini, M. J., Prenting, J., Priebe, G., Racky, B., Ramm, T., Rehlich, K., Riedel, R., Böhnert, M., Roggli, M., Röhling, M., Rönsch-Schulenburg, J., Rossbach, J., Rybnikov, V., Schaefer, Juergen, Schaffran, J., Schlarb, H., Schlesselmann, G., Schlösser, M., Böspflug, R., Schmid, P., Schmidt, C., Schmidt-Föhre, F., Schmitz, Michael, Schneidmiller, E., Schöps, A., Scholz, Matthias, Schreiber, Siegfried, Schuett, Katrin, Schütz, U., Bonfigt, S., Schulte-Schrepping, H., Schulz, M., Shabunov, A., Smirnov, P., Sombrowski, E., Sorokin, Andrey, Sparr, B., Spengler, J., Staack, M., Stadler, M., Bolz, H., Stechmann, C., Steffen, Boris, Stojanovic, N., Sychev, V., Syresin, E., Tanikawa, T., Tavella, F., Tesch, N., Tiedtke, K., Tischer, M., Borges, F., Treusch, R., Tripathi, S., Vagin, P., Vetrov, P., Vilcins, S., Vogt, Mathias, Wagner, A de Zubiaurre, Wamsat, T., Weddig, H., Weichert, G., Borkenhagen, O., Weigelt, H., Wentowski, N., Wiebers, Christian, Wilksen, T., Willner, A., Wittenburg, Katrin, Wohlenberg, T., Wortmann, J., Wurth, W., Yurkov, M., Brachmanski, Maciej, Zagorodnov, I., Zemella, J., Ackermann, S., Braune, M., Brinkmann, A., Brovko, Oleg, Bruns, T., Castro, P., Chen, J., Czwalinna, M. K., Damker, Horst-Guenter, Decking, W., Degenhardt, M., Agababyan, A., Delfs, A., Delfs, T., Deng, H., Dressel, M., Duhme, H-T, Düsterer, S., Eckoldt, H., Eislage, A., Felber, M., Feldhaus, J., Asgekar, V., Gessler, P., Gibau, M., Golubeva, N., Golz, T., Gonschior, J., Grebentsov, A., Grecki, M., Grün, C., Grunewald, S., Hacker, K., Ayvazyan, V., Hänisch, L., Hage, A., Hans, T., Hass, E., Hauberg, A., Hensler, O., Hesse, M., Heuck, K., Hidvegi, A., Holz, M., Baark, S., Honkavaara, K., Höppner, H., Ignatenko, A., Jäger, J., Jastrow, U., Kammering, R., Karstensen, S., Kaukher, A., Kay, H., Keil, B., Baboi, N., Klose, K., Kocharyan, V., Köpke, M., Körfer, M., Kook, W., Krause, B., Krebs, O., Kreis, S., Krivan, F., Kuhlmann, J., Balandin, V., Kuhlmann, M., Kube, G., Laarmann, T., Lechner, C., Lederer, S., Leuschner, A., Liebertz, D., Liebing, J., Liedtke, A., Lilje, L., Bargen, N von, Limberg, T., Lipka, D., Liu, B., Lorbeer, B., Ludwig, K., Mahn, H., Marinkovic, G., Martens, C., Marutzky, F., and Maslocv, M.

Subjects
ddc:530
Abstract

Extreme-ultraviolet to x-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) in operation for scientific applications are up to now single-user facilities. While most FELs generate around 100 photon pulses per second, FLASH at DESY can deliver almost two orders of magnitude more pulses in this time span due to its superconducting accelerator technology. This makes the facility a prime candidate to realize the next step in FELs—dividing the electron pulse trains into several FEL lines and delivering photon pulses to several users at the same time. Hence, FLASH has been extended with a second undulator line and self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) is demonstrated in both FELs simultaneously. FLASH can now deliverMHzpulse trains to two user experiments in parallel with individually selected photon beam characteristics. First results of the capabilities of this extension are shown with emphasis on independent variation of wavelength, repetition rate, and photon pulse length.

Published
2016
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12. Factors affecting carriage and intensity of infection of Calodium hepaticum within Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) from an urban slum environment in Salvador, Brazil

Author

WALKER, R., primary, CARVALHO-PEREIRA, T., additional, SERRANO, S., additional, PEDRA, G., additional, HACKER, K., additional, TAYLOR, J., additional, MINTER, A., additional, PERTILE, A., additional, PANTI-MAY, A., additional, CARVALHO, M., additional, SOUZA, F. N., additional, NERY, N., additional, RODRIGUES, G., additional, BAHIENSE, T., additional, REIS, M. G., additional, KO, A. I., additional, CHILDS, J. E., additional, BEGON, M., additional, and COSTA, F., additional

Published
2016
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13. Simultaneous operation of two soft x-ray free-electron lasers driven by one linear accelerator

Author

Faatz, B, primary, Plönjes, E, additional, Ackermann, S, additional, Agababyan, A, additional, Asgekar, V, additional, Ayvazyan, V, additional, Baark, S, additional, Baboi, N, additional, Balandin, V, additional, Bargen, N von, additional, Bican, Y, additional, Bilani, O, additional, Bödewadt, J, additional, Böhnert, M, additional, Böspflug, R, additional, Bonfigt, S, additional, Bolz, H, additional, Borges, F, additional, Borkenhagen, O, additional, Brachmanski, M, additional, Braune, M, additional, Brinkmann, A, additional, Brovko, O, additional, Bruns, T, additional, Castro, P, additional, Chen, J, additional, Czwalinna, M K, additional, Damker, H, additional, Decking, W, additional, Degenhardt, M, additional, Delfs, A, additional, Delfs, T, additional, Deng, H, additional, Dressel, M, additional, Duhme, H-T, additional, Düsterer, S, additional, Eckoldt, H, additional, Eislage, A, additional, Felber, M, additional, Feldhaus, J, additional, Gessler, P, additional, Gibau, M, additional, Golubeva, N, additional, Golz, T, additional, Gonschior, J, additional, Grebentsov, A, additional, Grecki, M, additional, Grün, C, additional, Grunewald, S, additional, Hacker, K, additional, Hänisch, L, additional, Hage, A, additional, Hans, T, additional, Hass, E, additional, Hauberg, A, additional, Hensler, O, additional, Hesse, M, additional, Heuck, K, additional, Hidvegi, A, additional, Holz, M, additional, Honkavaara, K, additional, Höppner, H, additional, Ignatenko, A, additional, Jäger, J, additional, Jastrow, U, additional, Kammering, R, additional, Karstensen, S, additional, Kaukher, A, additional, Kay, H, additional, Keil, B, additional, Klose, K, additional, Kocharyan, V, additional, Köpke, M, additional, Körfer, M, additional, Kook, W, additional, Krause, B, additional, Krebs, O, additional, Kreis, S, additional, Krivan, F, additional, Kuhlmann, J, additional, Kuhlmann, M, additional, Kube, G, additional, Laarmann, T, additional, Lechner, C, additional, Lederer, S, additional, Leuschner, A, additional, Liebertz, D, additional, Liebing, J, additional, Liedtke, A, additional, Lilje, L, additional, Limberg, T, additional, Lipka, D, additional, Liu, B, additional, Lorbeer, B, additional, Ludwig, K, additional, Mahn, H, additional, Marinkovic, G, additional, Martens, C, additional, Marutzky, F, additional, Maslocv, M, additional, Meissner, D, additional, Mildner, N, additional, Miltchev, V, additional, Molnar, S, additional, Mross, D, additional, Müller, F, additional, Neumann, R, additional, Neumann, P, additional, Nölle, D, additional, Obier, F, additional, Pelzer, M, additional, Peters, H-B, additional, Petersen, K, additional, Petrosyan, A, additional, Petrosyan, G, additional, Petrosyan, L, additional, Petrosyan, V, additional, Petrov, A, additional, Pfeiffer, S, additional, Piotrowski, A, additional, Pisarov, Z, additional, Plath, T, additional, Pototzki, P, additional, Prandolini, M J, additional, Prenting, J, additional, Priebe, G, additional, Racky, B, additional, Ramm, T, additional, Rehlich, K, additional, Riedel, R, additional, Roggli, M, additional, Röhling, M, additional, Rönsch-Schulenburg, J, additional, Rossbach, J, additional, Rybnikov, V, additional, Schäfer, J, additional, Schaffran, J, additional, Schlarb, H, additional, Schlesselmann, G, additional, Schlösser, M, additional, Schmid, P, additional, Schmidt, C, additional, Schmidt-Föhre, F, additional, Schmitz, M, additional, Schneidmiller, E, additional, Schöps, A, additional, Scholz, M, additional, Schreiber, S, additional, Schütt, K, additional, Schütz, U, additional, Schulte-Schrepping, H, additional, Schulz, M, additional, Shabunov, A, additional, Smirnov, P, additional, Sombrowski, E, additional, Sorokin, A, additional, Sparr, B, additional, Spengler, J, additional, Staack, M, additional, Stadler, M, additional, Stechmann, C, additional, Steffen, B, additional, Stojanovic, N, additional, Sychev, V, additional, Syresin, E, additional, Tanikawa, T, additional, Tavella, F, additional, Tesch, N, additional, Tiedtke, K, additional, Tischer, M, additional, Treusch, R, additional, Tripathi, S, additional, Vagin, P, additional, Vetrov, P, additional, Vilcins, S, additional, Vogt, M, additional, Wagner, A de Zubiaurre, additional, Wamsat, T, additional, Weddig, H, additional, Weichert, G, additional, Weigelt, H, additional, Wentowski, N, additional, Wiebers, C, additional, Wilksen, T, additional, Willner, A, additional, Wittenburg, K, additional, Wohlenberg, T, additional, Wortmann, J, additional, Wurth, W, additional, Yurkov, M, additional, Zagorodnov, I, additional, and Zemella, J, additional

Published
2016
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14. Variation in chromatin accessibility in human kidney cancer links H3K36 methyltransferase loss with widespread RNA processing defects

Author

Jonasch, E., Weiser, M., Ho, T. H., Furey, T. S., Hacker, K. E., Rathmell, W. K., Kuan, P.-F., Parker, J. S., Simon, J. M., Brannon, A. R., Prins, J. F., Davis, I. J., Lieb, J. D., and Singh, D.

Abstract

Comprehensive sequencing of human cancers has identified recurrent mutations in genes encoding chromatin regulatory proteins. For clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), three of the five commonly mutated genes encode the chromatin regulators PBRM1, SETD2, and BAP1. How these mutations alter the chromatin landscape and transcriptional program in ccRCC or other cancers is not understood. Here, we identified alterations in chromatin organization and transcript profiles associated with mutations in chromatin regulators in a large cohort of primary human kidney tumors. By associating variation in chromatin organization with mutations in SETD2, which encodes the enzyme responsible for H3K36 trimethylation, we found that changes in chromatin accessibility occurred primarily within actively transcribed genes. This increase in chromatin accessibility was linked with widespread alterations in RNA processing, including intron retention and aberrant splicing, affecting ∼25% of all expressed genes. Furthermore, decreased nucleosome occupancy proximal to misspliced exons was observed in tumors lacking H3K36me3. These results directly link mutations in SETD2 to chromatin accessibility changes and RNA processing defects in cancer. Detecting the functional consequences of specific mutations in chromatin regulatory proteins in primary human samples could ultimately inform the therapeutic application of an emerging class of chromatin-targeted compounds.

Published
2014
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15. Measurements of the Timing Stability at the FLASH1 Seeding Experiment

Author

Lechner, C., Azima, A., Drescher, M., Lazzarino, L. L., Maltezopoulos, Th, Miltchev, V., Plath, T., Rönsch-Schulenburg, J., Rossbach, J., Wieland, M., Hacker, K. E., Khan, S., Molo, R., Ackermann, S., Bödewadt, J., Dachraoui, H., Ekanayake, N., Faatz, B., Felber, M., Honkavaara, K., Tim Laarmann, Müller, J., Schlarb, H., Schreiber, S., Schulz, S., Salen, P., Meulen, P., and Angelova Hamberg, G.

Abstract

For seeding of a free-electron laser, the spatial and temporal overlap of the seed laser pulse and the electron bunch in the modulator is critical. To establish the temporal overlap, the time difference between pulses from the seed laser and spontaneous undulator radiation is reduced to a few pico-seconds with a combination of a photomultiplier tube and a streak camera. Finally, for the precise overlap the impact of the seed laser pulses on the electron bunches is observed. In this contribution, we describe the current experimental setup, discuss the techniques applied to establish the temporal overlap and analyze its stability.

Published
2014

16. Demonstration of SASE Suppression Through a Seeded Microbunching Instability

Author

Lechnery, C., Azima, A., Drescher, M., Lazzarino, L. L., Maltezopoulos, Th, Miltchev, V., Plath, T., Rönsch-Schulenburg, J., Rossbach, J., Hacker, K. E., Khan, S., Molo, R., Ackermann, S., Bödewadt, J., Brenner, G., Dohlus, M., Ekanayake, N., Golz, T., Hass, E., Honkavaara, K., Tim Laarmann, Limberg, T., Schneidmiller, E., Stojanovic, N., and Yurkov, M.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Collective effects and instabilities due to longitudinal space charge and coherent synchrotron radiation can degrade the quality of the ultra-relativistic, high-brightness electron bunches needed for the operation of free-electron lasers. In this contribution, we demonstrate the application of a laser-induced microbunching instability to selectively suppress the SASE process. A significant decrease of photon pulse energies was observed at the free-electron laser FLASH in coincidence with overlap of 800 nm laser pulses and electron bunches within a modulator located approximately 40 meters upstream of the undulators. We discuss the underlying mechanisms based on longitudinal space charge amplification [E.A. Schneidmiller and M.V. Yurkov, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 13, 110701 (2010)] and present measurements.

Published
2014

20. New Uses for the ORS Section at FLASH

Author

Hacker, K., Khan, Shaukat, Azima, A., Boedewadt, J., Schlarb, H., Steffen, Bernd, Van der Meulen, P., Salen, Peter, Hamberg, G. A., Ziemann, V., Gruener, F., and Zeitler, B.

Subjects
Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The Optical Replica Synthesizer (ORS) section at the Free-electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) was constructed to make longitudinal electron bunch profile measurements and to diagnose the stability of the synchronization of the electron beam and the sFLASHHigh Harmonic Generation (HHG) laser system. The section enables the co-propagation of an electron bunch and a laser pulse through a sequence of magnetic components: undulator, chicane, undulator, chicane.There are several ways that this section could be used that have not yet been attempted. These include: Echo Enabled Harmonic Generation (EEHG), beam slicing with a few-cycle laser pulse, a new type of Electro Optical Sampling (EOS) with Frequency Resolved Optical Gating (FROG), and a new form of optical replica experiment which measures the changes in the spectrum and profile of the laser beam directly after the first ORS undulator. This paper aims to introduce the design and limitations of these experiments and to specify the items that can be installed in order to make them happen.

Published
2011

22. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants: A literature review

Author

Hacker, K, Anies, M, Folb, BL, Zallman, L, Hacker, K, Anies, M, Folb, BL, and Zallman, L

Abstract

With the unprecedented international migration seen in recent years, policies that limit health care access have become prevalent. Barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants go beyond policy and range from financial limitations, to discrimination and fear of deportation. This paper is aimed at reviewing the literature on barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants and identifying strategies that have or could be used to address these barriers. To address study questions, we conducted a literature review of published articles from the last 10 years in PubMed using three main concepts: immigrants, undocumented, and access to health care. The search yielded 341 articles of which 66 met study criteria. With regard to barriers, we identified barriers in the policy arena focused on issues related to law and policy including limitations to access and type of health care. These varied widely across countries but ultimately impacted the type and amount of health care any undocumented immigrant could receive. Within the health system, barriers included bureaucratic obstacles including paperwork and registration systems. The alternative care available (safety net) was generally limited and overwhelmed. Finally, there was evidence of widespread discriminatory practices within the health care system itself. The individual level focused on the immigrant’s fear of deportation, stigma, and lack of capital (both social and financial) to obtain services. Recommendations identified in the papers reviewed included advocating for policy change to increase access to health care for undocumented immigrants, providing novel insurance options, expanding safety net services, training providers to better care for immigrant populations, and educating undocumented immigrants on navigating the system. There are numerous barriers to health care for undocumented immigrants. These vary by country and frequently change. Despite concerns that access to health care attracts immigrants

Published
2015

23. Measurements and simulations of seeded electron microbunches with collective effects

Author

Hacker, K., primary, Molo, R., additional, Khan, S., additional, Lazzarino, L. L., additional, Lechner, C., additional, Maltezopoulos, Th., additional, Plath, T., additional, Rossbach, J., additional, Ackermann, S., additional, Bödewadt, J., additional, Dohlus, M., additional, Ekanayake, N., additional, Laarmann, T., additional, and Schlarb, H., additional

Published
2015
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36. BAM Implementation Challenges

Author

Löhl, F., Bock, M., Arsov, V., Felber, M., Geßler, P., Hacker, K., Jalmuzna, W., Lorbeer, B., Ludwig, F., Matthiesen, K.-H., Schlarb, H., Schmidt, B., Schulz, S., Szewinski, J., Winter, A., Wißmann, L., and Zemella, J.

Published
2009

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