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An 8 year old male Pinto horse (Equus caballus) had a history of chronic exudative nodular balanopostitis complicated by secondary bacterial infection dating back to 4 years. Severe chronic wasting, oliguria, stranguria, polydipsia and lymphoadenomegaly of bubos femurales and pre-scapular areas were noted. Euthanasia was performed. Later necropsy was performed systematically by the techniques described for horses. Tissue sections were taken for histopathological examination and were processed by conventional methods. Fecal samples were taken for parasitological studies. Gross examination revealed severe chronic wasting, and exudative balanoposthitis with severe chronic secondary bacterial infection. Evidenced hydroperitoneum lymphoadenomegaly of mesenteric nodes were also observed. Histological sections showed severe chronic balanoposthitis, with focal cell proliferation of squamous cell with abundant spin cells acanthosis, pleomorphism, nuclear hyperchromasia, anaplasia, typical mitotic figures, and atypical consistant presence of abundant pearls corneas. In some areas, granulomas were observed with parasite forms of the genus Habronema. Parasitological results were consistent with eggs of Habronema muscae. In conclusion, the clinical history, and macroscopic and histological findings demonstrate a syndrome of chronic balanopostitis and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Se remite un caballo (Equus caballus), sexo macho, de raza Pinto y 8 años de edad. Con historia de balanopostitis nodular exudativa crónica complicada con infección bacteriana secundaria data de 4 años. Emaciación crónica severa. Oliguria, estranguria y polidipsia. Linfadenomegalia de nódulos linfáticos inguinales y femurales preescapulares. Se le practicó eutanasia. Posteriormente se le prácticó necropsia por las técnicas sistemáticas descritas para equinos. Se tomaron secciones de tejido para estudio histopatológico y fueron procesadas por los métodos convencionales de procesamiento histológico. Fueron tomadas muestras de heces para estudios parasitológicos. El examen macroscópico reveló emaciación crónica severa. Balanopostitis exudativa crónica severa con infección bacteriana secundaria. Se evidencio hidroperitoneo marcado. Linfadenomegalia de nódulos mesentéricos. Los cortes histológicos evidenciaron: Balanopostitis crónica severa, con focos de proliferación de células escamosas espinocelulares con abundante acantosis, pleomorfismo, hipercromasia nuclear, anaplasia, figuras mitóticas típicas y atípicas constantes, presencia de perlas corneas abundantes. En algunas zonas se observaron granulomas con formas parasitarias tipo Habronema. Los resultados del estudio coprológico fueron consistentes con huevos de Habronema muscae. En conclusión: la historia clínica, los hallazgos macroscópicos e histológicos evidencian un síndrome de balanopostitis crónica y carcinoma epidermoide metastásico.

Cutaneous habronemosis in horses is caused by larvae of the spirurid nematodes Habronema microstoma and Habronema muscae. These lesions, also known as “summer sores’’, are often severe and disfiguring. Although Habronema-caused lesions at the coronary grooves have been described, cases of hoof cracks with secondary summer sores have never been reported. The present case describes clinic-pathological and surgical features of a quarter crack case complicated by cutaneous habronemosis at the dermal layers. A 15-year-old, Andalusian stallion was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Teramo because of a mass of the hoof and a severe lameness. The clinical examination revealed an exuberant granulation tissue protruding from a full thickness vertical quarter crack. The mass was surgically removed, and subjected to histopathological, microbiological, and parasitological analyses. A copromicroscopic examination was also performed. The feces scored PCR positive for H. muscae, while the skin for both H. microstoma and H. muscae, thus confirming the primary role of Habronema in causing the hoof mass. This is the first description of a hoof wall crack complicated by summer sores, with simultaneous gastric habronemosis. This case confirms that a prompt diagnosis during fly activity is imperative for an efficacious treatment and a timely prevention of disfiguring summer sores.

Draschia megastoma, Habronema microstoma, and Habronema muscae are the etiological agents of cutaneous habronemosis, commonly known as summer sores, an inflammatory cutaneous and ocular parasitic disease of horses and other equids transmitted by flies. Here, we describe a cluster of cutaneous habronemosis in five horses that showed single or multiple typical cutaneous ulcerative wounds located on the face, lower forelegs or hindquarters in Israel with the presence of typical "sulphur granules." All affected animals were confirmed by histopathological and/or molecular methods to be infected by H. muscae. This constitutes the first report of cutaneous habronemosis in Israel in which the causative nematode, H. muscae, was identified by molecular means. Cutaneous habronemosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in equids with cutaneous ulcerative lesions during the summer months, especially when affected animals are refractive to antibiotic treatment alone.

El objetivo fue determinar la frecuencia de presencia de las enfermedades oculares y peri oculares que ocurren en los caballos de vaquería del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Se tomaron 119 casos clínicos de caballos de vaquería de ambos sexos con edades comprendidas entre 3 y 16 años que presentaron lesiones oculares y peri oculares caracterizadas macroscópicamente. Se encontró una mayor afección en las estructuras oculares en especial las patologías corneales, seguida de las alteraciones peri oculares. Las alteraciones oculares más frecuentemente diagnosticadas en orden descendente fueron: queratitis no ulcerativa (21%), queratitis ulcerativa (19,3%), conjuntivitis parasitaria por Habronema spp (16%), conjuntivitis infecciosa (12,6 %), uveítis anterior (10,1%), blefaritis (8,4%) queratitis superficial crónica (pannus) (6,7%), sarcoide fibroblástico periocular (1,7%), melanoma ocular, sinequia anterior, quiste de la corpora nigra, hipopión y panoftalmia (con 0,8% cada uno). El grupo etario más afectado fue el de 5 a 10 años (46,2%), seguido de los menores de 5 años (28,6%) y los mayores de 10 años (25,2%) respectivamente y el sexo más afectado correspondió a los machos enteros (59,6%). Este es el primer reporte de alteraciones oftálmicas en equinos realizado en el Departamento de Córdoba y Colombia y evidencia una alta presencia de alteraciones oftálmicas en caballos de vaquería, haciendo de este trabajo un importante aporte sobre el estado epidemiológico de las diferentes alteraciones oculares en caballos de trabajo.

Information pertaining to parasitic fauna and parasitic diseases in Manipuri ponies in India is not available. Moreover, no systematic studies have been undertaken on cutaneous habronemosis in Manipuri ponies which is a common skin problem of Manipuri ponies as reported by pony owners. Keeping in the view of the importance of parasitic infections in veterinary health coverage particularly in Manipuri ponies, the present study was planned. A survey of natural cases of cutaneous habronemosis followed by molecular confirmation of species involved and treatments were done. Out of 200 ponies examined, nine cases (4.5%) of cutaneous habronemosis was recorded. Gross examination revealed raised and ulcerated wounds with necrotic tissues covered with yellowish-tan granulation. Histopathological study revealed eosinophilic granuloma and in the center of the granuloma with necrotic debris. Remnants of the Hebronema larvae with infiltrating neutrophils surrounded by proliferating fibrous tissue with numerous eosinophils, macrophages and lymphocytes were also observed. Molecular detection of Habronema sp. was confirmed by semi-nested PCR. Sequence analysis revealed larvae of H. muscae was the common spirurid species responsible for producing cutaneous habronemosis in Manipuri ponies. Subsequently, sequence submitted to NCBI GenBank and accession number obtained (MH038181). Surgical removal of necrotic tissue, ivermectin injection along with antibiotics successfully cured all the lesions in infected ponies.Results confirmed occurrence of cutaneous habronemosis in Manipuri ponies in India.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características clínicas e histopatológicas de un caso de Habronemosis peneana en un burro criollo (Equus asinus), macho entero, de 5 años de edad y 160 kg de peso, procedente del municipio de Coloso (Sucre, Colombia). Se le realizó evaluación clínica y caracterización anatomopatológica del área afectada, encontrándose presencia de una lesión de crecimiento rápido, granulomatosa, exofítica, en forma de cráter y de coloración rojiza a nivel del glande. Posteriormente, previa sedación y aplicación de anestesia local fue tomada una biopsia de tejido desde la periferia de la lesión granulomatosa con punch de 6 mm, fijada en formol al 10% y llevadas al laboratorio de patología, Colombia, donde fueron procesadas hasta su inclusión en parafina. Finalmente, la muestra fue teñida con la coloración de Hematoxilina-Eosina (H-E), donde se ratificó la presencia de dermatitis piogranulomatosa activa, con áreas de necrosis multifocal difusas, con marcada presencia de eosinófilos y neutrófilos, así como el fenómeno de Splendore-Hoeppli, que corresponde sitios de ubicación de larvas rodeadas por una envoltura eosinofíilica densa. El diagnóstico definitivo fue de Habronemosis, y a pesar de ser un motivo frecuente de consulta en la clínica veterinaria, este es el primer reporte descrito en burros de Colombia.

J. Cauchard , D. Carnicer , A. Madeline , E. Guitton , A. Giraudet , P. Buscher , L. H ebert , C. Laugier 1 ANSES, Dozul e Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Bacteriology and Parasitology Unit, 14430 Goustranville, France; 2 Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Tours, France; 3 Ecole Nationale V et erinaire d’Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France; 4 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nationalestraat 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium

Objective: The purpose of this study was lo investigate the occurrence of Habronema sp. in healthy horses and to confirm the effectiveness of gastroscopy as a diagnostic method. Material and Method: Gastroscopy examination was performed in 21 healthy horses of different breeds and aged between 3 and 20 years, referred from the Equine Clinic Service of the Faculdade de Medicina Velerinaria e Zootecnia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of Sao Paulo), Sao Paulo, Sp, Brazil. Results: Habronema sp. was present in 28,6% of the horses, mostly close lo the mango plicatus. The presence of excessive amounts was documented in 50% of the affected animals. The parasites recovered were identified as Habronema muscae. Conclusions: Habronema sp. is common in Brazil. Endoscopically, gastric habronemosis is characterized by the presence of the parasites and an associated catarrhal gastritis, with excessive mucus production. Although infections with low parasitic load may go unidentified, gastroscopy examination is an efficient diagnostic method for gastric habronemosis in horses.

Equine sarcoids are benign fibroblastic skin tumors affecting equids worldwide. Infection with bovine papillomavirus types 1 and 2 has been implicated as a major fact in the disease development; however, the cellular mechanisms underlying fibroblast transformation are still largely unknown. In the present study, a diagnosis of sarcoid was histologically assessed along with eosinophilic dermatitis. The sarcoid lesion expressed the viral oncoproteins E5 and E2, suggesting a causative role of the virus and its replication. Ribosomal DNA of the nematode Habronema muscae was also revealed in the lesion. This is the first report to describe and discuss an association of cutaneous habronemosis with equine sarcoid.

The recognition that the health and welfare of some humans are improved through contact and relationships with animals is now established. Two commonly recognized assistance animals are dogs and horses. Both provide therapeutic benefits to humans with some physical and mental illnesses and both assist people with disabilities. Moreover, the public and scientific attention to the health and conservation of many animal breeds is also increasing worldwide. In the past few years, two potentially life-threatening nematode infections that can induce tumours or tumour-like masses in canids and equids, spirocercosis and draschiosis/habronemosis, respectively, are emerging in several areas of the world. This article reviews and comments how recent insights into the molecular early diagnosis of these diseases can save and preserve life, beauty and breeds of socially relevant and sporting animals.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la presencia de habronemosis gástrica en la población de caballos peruanos de paso de la zona sur de Lima. Se colectaron muestras fecales a 264 equinos de diferentes edades, sexo y procedencia, las cuales fueron procesadas mediante la técnica de Xenodiagnóstico. Se encontraró 45 equinos positivos a habronemosis que representan el 17.1 ± 2.0% (I.C. 95%) de los animales muestreados. Se halló una relación significativa entre la presencia de Habronema muscae con el sexo y el distrito de procedencia de los animales (p

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2017-03-17T13:12:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2001 - Marilene Alvares.pdf: 614893 bytes, checksum: ca3d3b41579b663ff4afa2939a0a892f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T13:12:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2001 - Marilene Alvares.pdf: 614893 bytes, checksum: ca3d3b41579b663ff4afa2939a0a892f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-08-15 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior The habromatids biology and their patogenies have abready been well studied. But not na efficient technique has been developed, or peridically tested for the diagnosis of the gastric habronemiasis in equidae. Has been proposed the compation of two techniques: the UENO (1986) technique and UENO & GUTIERRES (1983), modified and the xenodiagnostic technique. On the Ueno (modified) technique to recuperate first stage larvae, has been used fecal examples of 3g and 5g, with 3 repetitions for each. From each example has been taken 0,3 ml of the sediment, divided in three microscope slides and then the slides were observed though the light microscope for counting the larvae number of Habronema spp. or Drashia megastoma. To the xenodiagnostic, larvae of Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans (Muscidae: Diptera) were inoculated in the equidae feces and then were kept in the laboratory. The adults muscoids0 were dissected and the third stage larvae of the nematodes were saved and counted. The adults nematodes were colected from the stomach of 35 equidae then fixed in AFA and preserved in alcohol 70% for later identification. The comparative analysis were based on the linear correlation. The comparation of the determination rates indicated that there weren?t significative difference on the recuperation of larvae on the Ueno (modified) technique, with the two different examples weights and the xenodiagnostic technique. The Ueno (modified) technique utilizing 3g and 5g of feces had the same index of determination, 73%. The test t analysis showed no significant difference between the three slides on the Ueno technique observation. While the xenodiagnostic technique got a determination rate of 79,1%, when utilizing only M. domestica and the two especies of females of Habronema spp. And the determination index of 81,3% when utilizing M. domestica and females of Habronema muscae based on the linear correlation. A biologia das Habronemat?neos e suas patogenias j? foi bem estudada. No entanto, nenhuma t?cnica coprosc?pica eficiente foi desenvolvida e rotineiramente testada para o diagn?stico da habronemose g?strica em eq??deos. Foi proposta a compara??o de duas t?cnicas: a t?cnica de UENO (1968) e UENO & GUTIERRES (1983) modificada e a t?cnica do xenodiagn?stico. Na t?cnica de Ueno (modificada) para recupera??o da larva de primeiro est?gio, foi utilizado amostras contendo 3g e 5g de fezes, com tr?s reparti??es para cada amostra de fezes. De cada amostra foi retirado 0,3 ml de sedimento, dividindo em tr?s l?minas sendo levado ao microsc?pio ?tico para contagem do n?mero de larvas de Habronema spp. ou Drashia megastoma. Para o xenodiagn?stico, larvas de Musca domestica e Stomoxys calcitrans (Muscidae: Diptera) foram inoculadas nas fezes dos eq??deos e mantidos em laborat?rio. Os musc?deos adultos foram dissecados e as formas de terceiro est?gio dos nemat?ides recuperados e contados. Os nemat?ides adultos foram coletados do est?mago de 35 eq??deos, fixados em AFA e conservados em ?lcool a 70%, para posterior identifica??o. A an?lise comparativa foi baseada na regress?o linear. A compara??o dos ?ndices de determina??o indicaram n?o haver diferen?a significativa na recupera??o de larvas na t?cnica de Ueno (modificada), com os dois diferentes pesos de amostras de fezes e a t?cnica do xenodiagn?stico. A t?cnica de Ueno (modificada) utilizando 3g e 5g de fezes obteve o mesmo ?ndice de determina??o 73%. A an?lise do teste t demonstrou n?o existir diferen?a significativa entre as tr?s l?minas na leitura da t?cnica de sedimenta??o. Enquanto a t?cnica do xenodiagn?stico obteve o ?ndice de determina??o de 79,1% quando utilizado apenas M. domestica para realiza??o desta, e as duas esp?cies de f?meas de Habronema spp. e o ?ndice de determina??o de 81,3% quando utilizado M. domestica e f?meas de Habronema muscae como base da regress?o linear.

Xenodiagnosis for habronemosis was 96,6% positive in 87 stud horses at Instituto Oswaldo Cuz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from July-November, 1944. The A A. were unable to identify the Habronema larvae obtained from parasitider fly maggots. Measurements and drawings of the larvae are presented.