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The Corona pandemic was one of the most challenging political events of the last decades in Europe in which many important political issues had to be decided within a very short space of time. Deliberative, sortition-based formats offer new approaches to strengthen democracy in times of crisis but have so far mainly been used for fundamental issues that have been under discussion for a long time. In Germany, four Corona Citizens' Councils were organized at different levels to deal with the highly dynamic pandemic situation. The first was on local level and took place in the city of Augsburg, the next and most prominent one in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg ('Bürgerforum Corona'), being held monthly over a period of 13 months. Another one was organized in the state of Saxony, a fourth one in Thuringia. The article examines the background, the methodological quality and the outcomes of three Corona Citizens' Councils in Germany. The article compares the three Citizens' Councils and draws conclusions about the crisis-management capacities of deliberative formats in dealing with pressing political issues in highly dynamic situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a critique in response to a work by German philosopher Gottfried Gabriel published in the same issue on the subject of validity and genesis in cognition. Topics discussed include Gabriel's claim to a distinction between validity and genesis, the role of this distinction in a priori cognition, and the theory of naturalism in the context of epistemology, ethics and aesthetics. The reviewer analyzes and critiques Gabriel's argument that questions of validation can neither be answered by genesis nor replaced.