Search

Na základě dat z žákovského korpusu češtiny CzeSL-SGT a jejich srovnání s korpusy rodilých mluvčích (SYN2020, SKRIPT 2012) jsou zachycena specifika užití obsahových vět se spojkami že, aby, ať, jestli, zda, zdali a -li v jazyce nerodilých mluvčích, s přihlédnutím k jejich jazykovým skupinám (indoevropské, neindoevropské a slovanské jazyky). Analýza se zaměřuje na typické kolokace, jejich nadužívání či podužívání v žákovském jazyce a popis jazykových jevů, jež se odlišují od úzu rodilých mluvčích. Data ukazují, že nerodilí mluvčí mají tendenci nadužívat významově obecné a jim dobře známé jazykové prostředky na úkor sémanticky specifičtějších lexikálních jednotek. Rozdíly mezi žákovským jazykem a územ rodilých mluvčích jsou zřejmé u kolokací, různých slovesných vazeb a napříč jazykovými skupinami. Popis žákovského jazyka má význam pro výuku češtiny jako L2, neboť umožňuje lépe didakticky zpracovat zkoumané jazykové jevy, podporovat jejich aktivní užívání a odstraňování typických chyb, a to i s ohledem na konkrétní jazykovou skupinu. Based on data from the Czech learner corpus CzeSL-SGT and a comparison with native speaker corpora (SYN2020, SKRIPT2012), the paper accounts for the specific use of content clauses with the conjunctions že, aby, ať, jestli, zda, zdali and -li in the language of non-native speakers, taking into consideration their language group (non-Indo-European, Indo-European and Slavonic languages). The article analyzes typical collocations, their over- and underuse by learners; it also describes language phenomena that differ from native usage. The data show that non-native speakers tend to overuse semantically broad lexical items, which they are familiar with, at the expense of more specific ones. The differences between learner and native usage are apparent in collocations, different types of verb complements and across language groups. The description of learners’ languages is helpful in teaching L2 Czech, since it facilitates a better didactic approach to specific language phenomena, promoting their active usage and the correction of typical errors with respect to particular language groups.

(in English): The aim of the thesis is to compare selected Czech textbooks for beginners at the A1-A2 level in terms of the interpretation of the Czech declension, and in terms of their suitability for teaching Chinese students. To evaluate whether the curriculum is appropriately organized and explained with regard to the target group and whether sufficient attention is paid to problematic phenomena for Chinese speakers. Another goal of this thesis is to compare the difference between textbooks written by Czech and Chinese authors. In the theoretical part, we will first introduce related theoretical aspects. Following are introductions to the six selected textbooks. The practical part will be devoted to all cases and types of declination discussed in the textbooks, comparison of the order of case presentation in the examined textbooks and ways of interpreting the Czech declension in individual textbooks. In this part, there will also be an analysis of the questionnaire data, for example which case is the most difficult for beginners to learn. The last one will be a contrast summary of the textbooks and a summary of the questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the textbooks, a conclusion will be made which textbooks are suitable for the students. Based on the classification and evaluation of the...

The thesis Verbs with infinitive complements in Czech and Russian with respect to tecaching Czech for foregners is focused on comparing verbs with infinitival complements in Czech and Russian. The aim is to establish a list of verbs with different complements in Czech and Russian and use those differences in the proces of teacheing Czech as a foreign language for Russian speakers.

The subject of this thesis are the verbs of motion with the roots -nést, -nášet, -nosit in conjunction with the prefixes vy- and v-. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and analytical part. The theoretical part focuses on determinate and indeterminate verbs of motion, their specificity and their use in metaphorical expressions. Furthermore, the theoretical part focuses on the verbal aspect, prefixes and the issues with valence. The analytical part of the work contains a separate analysis of the verbs and is based on the Czech national corpus SYN2010. Selected verbs are categorized according to their structure of valences and analysed from their semantic and syntactic points of view. The aim of this thesis is to compare the results with those that are found in Czech language dictionaries, specifically in the dictionaries of Czech valences: Slovník slovesných, substantivních a adjektivních vazeb a spojení (2005), Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (1989) and Valenční slovník českých sloves VALLEX (2008). Keywords: determinate - indeterminate verbs, verbal aspect, iterativity - noniterativity, verbal prefixes vy- and v-, verbal valence

TARTAKOVSKAYA, A. Conjunctions in spoken and written Czech Faculty of arts Charles University in Prague, 2011 Supervisor: Václav Cvrček, Ph.D. Number of pages: 66 + 6 attachments Key words: Conjunctions, written Czech language, spoken Czech language, word link, Czech National Corpus, secondary linking conjunctions, co-coordinating linking conjunctions Conjunctions in the Czech language are still relatively small chapter described in manuals and grammar books. The aim is to investigate connecting words in spoken and written language, their use in text and links with other words, compare the use of the coupling term in written and spoken Czech language. Theoretical basis for master's thesis is based on several works which are devoted to this issue, either in whole or in dealing with some of its parts. But the major outline of work is driven by the Czech National Corpus (hereafter CNC), namely the corpora SYN2005 and ORAL2008. First chapter deals with CNC and coupling expressions in general, second deals with secondary linking conjunctions, their use in text types and surrounding words. The content of the third chapter incorporates the connecting conjunctions.

Czech dictionaries were created in the pre-corpus era; it is thus clear that some of their entries don't take into account semantic prosody - the fact that some lexemes occur in particular contexts (consequences are always far-reaching or catastrophic, while intention can be both evil and noble). The aim of this thesis is to compare selected parts of a dictionary (randomly selected probe into Czech adjectives) with corpus material, define the extent of missing information in the current state of Czech language description and explore, how many per cent of information about entries is missing in contemporary dictionaries. We based our research on Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (Dictionary of Written Czech) and representative corpuses of written language SYN2005, or else SYN2010. Context analysis was carried out by means of statistical methods and collocation rates. The difference between dictionary definitions and information inferred from the corpus research could become a further guideline for creating a new dictionary (besides adding a whole range of new entries that are still missing in Czech dictionaries). Keywords lexicon, corpus, semantic prosody

Particles in the Spoken Czech have been underestimated as a subject of research which have not been studied enough, even though the figures of the Prague Spoken Corpus (PSC) show that every 8 word in Spoken Czech is particle on average. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze particles compiled by PSC; the research of particles has been done both statistically and with respect to another characteristics of classification by sociolinguistic parameter, character, valency and function.

The Diploma Thesis is divided into three sections. The first section describes the activities of the ILPS and characterizes closely the Study Centre in Prague -- Albertov and its courses. The second section deals with differences among cultures, according to Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner, and characterizes Czech culture and the cultures of participants of courses at Albertov. This section also includes a research study on the perception of Czech culture by foreign students and in-depth interviews with two representatives. The last section discusses the promotion of the Study Centre Albertov and proposes concrete ways on how to promote the 6-Week Intensive Czech Language Course and the summer course Czech Language and Culture.