102 results on '"HSB"'
Search Results
2. Insights into determinants of health-seeking behavior: a cross-sectional investigation in the Iraqi context
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Mohammed Mkhailef Hawi Al-tameemi, Kaveh Bahmanpour, Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Yousef Moradi, and Ghobad Moradi
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health-seeking behavior ,determinants ,Iraq ,HSB ,health behavior ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
BackgroundHealth-seeking behavior (HSB) is a choice taken by an individual to maintain, achieve, or restore good health and prevent diseases. The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of HSB among the Iraqi population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study in the Rusafa and Karkh districts of Baghdad investigated determinants of HSB from 2022 to 2023. With a sample size of 993 participants meeting inclusion criteria, data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire, utilizing four indicators to measure HSB. The study employed various statistical methods especially logistic regression models, facilitated by Stata 17 software.ResultsResults highlights that married individuals consistently have higher odds of having HSB compared to their single counterparts, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.41–3.10). This relationship remains robust even after controlling for other variables. Furthermore, individuals with higher social class exhibit stronger connections to HSB, although the OR is 1.69 (95% CI: 0.47–6.13), indicating a wide confidence interval. Regarding underlying diseases and their duration, the results indicate that chronic diseases are associated with a higher likelihood of HSB, with an OR of 2.05 (95% CI: 1.35–3.11). Additionally, a longer duration of diseases in terms of years is also linked to a stronger association with HSB, with an OR of 2.86 (95% CI: 1.32–6.23).ConclusionIn conclusion, this work provides important insights into HSB. Married people are continuously more likely to engage in HSB than single people, highlighting the importance of customized interventions. Furthermore, persons from higher social classes have stronger ties to HSB, highlighting the importance of socioeconomic considerations. The link between HSB and chronic diseases, combined with longer disease durations, emphasizes the importance of early detection and thorough healthcare management. These findings give critical guidance for healthcare providers, marketers, and politicians developing effective initiatives to promote HSB.
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- 2024
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3. Data Visualization for Pattern Seeking in Multilevel Modeling
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Yu, Chong Ho Alex and Khine, Myint Swe, editor
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- 2022
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4. Evaluation of VR/AR Visual Comfort Based on Color Perception
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Fan, Xiaoli, Yan, Ye, Yin, Erwei, Cai, Mengjin, Xie, Liang, Wang, Ningci, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Ahram, Tareq Z., editor, and Falcão, Christianne S., editor
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- 2021
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5. Hyresgästernas möbelaffär : Folkbildande försäljning mellan konsumentkooperativ logik och marknadslogik 1927-1943
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Rolf, Hannes and Rolf, Hannes
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- 2024
6. Color design in application interfaces for children.
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Lyu, Fei, Xi, Rui, and Liu, Yujie
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COLOR in design , *COLOR vision , *EDUCATIONAL games , *USER interfaces , *EDUCATIONAL computer games - Abstract
This study investigated the effect of age and application type on the color design of user interfaces for children's applications. We collected 223 popular children's applications from the Apple App Store, focusing on children of three age groups (3‐5, 6‐8, and 9‐11 years old). There were two types of applications: educational applications and game applications. To explore further and compare the differences between children and adults, we also collected color data on 58 adult applications (29 educational applications and 29 game applications). Due to the characteristics of the specific model, this article selects the HSB (Hue, Saturate, Bright) color model—which is composed of hue, saturation, and brightness, with a high degree of matching with the color vision of the human eye—to analyze the color of the application interfaces. According to the statistics, in terms of hue, different types of application interfaces use different frequencies of colors. Multicolor educational application interfaces use cool colors, such as blue; multicolor game application interfaces use warm colors, such as red and orange; and so on. In terms of saturation, the frequency of high saturation in children's user interfaces is higher than that in adult user interfaces. In terms of brightness, children's application interfaces often use brighter colors. We also compared the statistical results with traditional color cognitive conclusions and discussed the possible reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. The use of computer vision to classify Xaraés grass according to nutritional status in nitrogen.
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Renato Mancin, Wellington, Techio Pereira, Lilian Elgalise, Bueno Carvalho, Rachel Santos, Shi, Yeyin, Castro Silupu, Wilson Manuel, and Bruno Tech, Adriano Rogério
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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8. The use of computer vision to classify Xaraés grass according to nutritional status in nitrogen
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Wellington Renato Mancin, Lilian Elgalise Techio Pereira, Rachel Santos Bueno Carvalho, Yeyin Shi, Wilson Manuel Castro Silupu, and Adriano Rogério Bruno Tech
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Image processing ,Remote sensing ,HSB ,Spectral signature ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
ABSTRACT This study is based on the principle that vegetation indexes (VIs), derived from the RGB color model obtained from digital images, can be used to characterize spectral signatures and classify Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés according to nitrogen status (N). From colorimetric data obtained from leaf blade images acquired in the field, three artificial neural networks were evaluated according to the performance in the classification of N status: Feedforward Backpropagation (FFBP), Cascade Forward Backpropagation (CFBP) and Radial Base function (RBFNN). Four N fertilization rates were applied to generate contrasting N contents in the plants. The youngest completely expanded leaves from 60 tillers were detached at each regrowth cycle of 28 days, thus their images and leaf N content were obtained. Samples were then classified as deficient (>17 g N kg-1 leaf dry matter (DM), moderately deficient (from 17.1 to 20.0 g N kg-1 DM), and sufficient (> 20.1 g N kg-1 DM). The VIs were selected by principal component analysis and the performance of the networks evaluated by the accuracy. The accuracy in classification obtained by the networks were 88%, 86% and 79% for FFBP, CFBP and RBFNN, respectively, indicating that the spectral signatures can be determined from images acquired in the field. So, the proposed method could be used to develop a software that aims to monitor the status of N in real time, providing a fast and inexpensive tool for defining the time and the amount of N fertilizer, according to the pasture demand.
- Published
- 2021
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9. Self-Reported Morbidity and Health-Seeking Behavior and its Predictors Among a Geriatric Population in Western Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
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Feyisa, Beshadu Bedada, Deyaso, Seble Fekadu, and Tefera, Gosaye Mekonen
- Subjects
CROSS-sectional method ,HEALTH insurance ,MEDICAL care ,LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
Background: Planning for health care services provision depends on the morbidity profile, health-seeking behavior (HSB), and its predictors. Thus, this study aimed to identify the level of self-reported morbidity, HSB and its predictors. Patients and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric (≥ 60 years) population in West Shoa Zone. A multi-stage systematic sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. After testing for collinearity, variables with p-value < 0.25 on binary logistic regression were entered into backward multivariate logistic regression analysis with statistical significance at p-value < 0.05. Results: With a response rate of 98%, 779 study participants were recruited. The median (IQR) age of the respondents was 70 (70– 78) years. Five hundred eighty-four (3/4) of the study participants reported that they experienced morbidity at least once in the year before interview. Of 584 study participants, 53.9% had poor HSB. Living in village (p-value = 0.034), being housewife (p-value = 0.048), wealth index [being rich (p-value = 0.033), being in moderate economic status (p-value= 0.001), and being poor (p-value= 0.049) relative to richest], being head of polygamous household (p-value= 0.019), non-smoker (P-value = 0.012), not having community-based health insurance coverage (CBHI) (p-value< 0.0001), having ≤ 3 times number of illness (p-value < 0.0001), self-medication (p-value < 0.0001), not having hypertension (p-value=0.016), not having diabetes mellitus (DM) (p-value=0.012), and not having oro-dental problem (p-value= 0.043) were positively associated with poor HSB. Nevertheless, self-perceived mild severity of illness (p-value= < 0.0001), good health status (p-value= 0.001), and not having musculoskeletal problem (p-value< 0.0001) were negatively associated with poor HSB. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of self-reported morbidity and poor HSB. There should be an effort to improve the HSB and CBHI utilization of the geriatric population by all stakeholders. Moreover, modifiable predictors of HSB needs to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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10. Impact of environment color on individual responses in public spaces of shopping malls.
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Yi, Fashu and Kang, Jian
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SHOPPING malls , *PUBLIC spaces , *COLORS , *ECOLOGY , *SOUND recordings - Abstract
This study aims to explore the specific impact of a color's hue, saturation, and brightness value on people's evaluation, behavior, and emotions in the public space of existing shopping malls. Following a field investigation, color composition and distribution characteristics in the public spaces of shopping malls are summarized. In the real scenes, the hues of colors are mainly warm colors, with some supplemented by blue. The saturation of the majority colors, which are almost grayish colors, is lower than 33% and their brightness is very wide and evenly distributed. An experiment was then conducted in the laboratory, wherein photos taken and sounds recorded on‐site were shown to participants; the participants were then asked to answer questionnaires based on the pleasure‐arousal‐dominance emotion and approach‐avoidance behavior theories. The results showed that hue has a weak effect on individual responses, whereas saturation was found to have a significant effect. Moreover, the brightness difference between colors can cause a change in satisfaction, behavior intention, and emotion. Additionally, in the public spaces of shopping malls, the red color is more associated with embodied meaning, whereas the green color is more associated with referential meaning, in which different objects have significantly different influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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11. Vad berättar en badort? : Ideologi, materia och mening i HSB:s Årsta havsbad
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Elfström Berg, Karolina and Elfström Berg, Karolina
- Abstract
The Swedish cooperative housing company, known as HSB, was formed in 1923 as a result of a nationwide mobilization of tenants from mid 1800’s and forward. In 1929, they entered a new area of production by the planning and creation of Sweden’s first cooperative seaside resort, named Årsta havsbad. The purpose of this project was to offer affordable and accessible recreational housing to working class families living in any of the appartements owned by HSB in the city of Stockholm. The aim of this thesis is to examine how Årsta havsbad was constructed as a social product during its early establishment around 1920–1931. Drawing on the spatial theory developed by French sociologist Henri Lefebvre in his 1974 book The production of space, the study seeks to identify how ideology, spatial practices and imaginaries simultaneously operated in the constitution of Årsta havsbad. The material analyzed are writings and pictures of HSB’s own newspaper Vår Bostad, as well as pictures, movies and additional press material. The study finds that HSB played a dominant role in shaping the practices and values of its intended inhabitants. Through the highly visual propaganda, HSB advocated for modernist views of domestic, social and environmental values. This left little to no space for conflicting ideas and behaviors. Furthermore, Årsta havsbad can be seen as a material manifestation of the inner conflicts of modernity, cutting through dichotomies such as individual/collective, city/countryside and nature/culture.
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- 2022
12. Assessing Harmful Sexual Behaviour Among Youth: Does Professional Background Affect AIM3 Scoring?
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Sevland, Ida Marie Haugeberg
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interdisciplinary professionals ,AIM3 ,assessment tool ,HSB ,harmful sexual behaviours - Abstract
Denne kvantitative masteroppgaven handler om AIM3, som står for «assessment/intervention/moving on» og er den tredje versjonen av dette kartleggingsverktøyet. AIM3 er et kartleggingsverktøy for barn som har, eller er mistenkt for å ha utført skadelig seksuell atferd mot andre barn. Verktøyet er til for å hjelpe profesjonelle å identifisere om barnets behov er møtt både når det gjelder seksuell atferd og ikke-seksuell atferd. Formålet med oppgaven er å se om verktøyet fungerer når ulike profesjonelle skal kartlegge samme barnet. Problemstillingen er «om bakgrunnen til profesjonelle som bruker AIM3 har noen effekt på scoren barnet får». Jeg har brukt en spørreundersøkelse som psykologspesialist/ PhD kandidat Monica Jensen har laget og sendt ut til tverrfaglige profesjonelle som har deltatt i et kurs om AIM3. Jeg har også brukt to vignetter som deltakerne har brukt AIM3 for å score to ulike barn. Jeg har utført deskriptive analyser og t-tester. De viktigste funnene er at på en av sakene har tiden deltakerne har brukt på analysen hatt en signifikant effekt på resultatet på scoringen. Det er ingen variabler som viser en signifikant effekt på begge barna. Det ser ut som det er en naturlig distribusjon på scoren og at de fleste deltakerne har scoret innenfor den forventede feilmarginen på verktøyet. Det kan bety at det er et verktøy som kan brukes for å hjelpe barnevernet og andre instanser å kartlegge behovene til et barn som har utført skadelig seksuell atferd, men på grunn av deltaker tallet så bør det forskes videre på. Masteroppgave i barnevern MABARN351 MAPS-BARN
- Published
- 2022
13. Uso de visão computacional na classificação de capim Xaraés segundo o status nutricional em nitrogênio
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Lilian Elgalise Techio Pereira, Yeyin Shi, Wellington Renato Mancin, Rachel Santos Bueno Carvalho, Wilson Manuel Castro Silupu, and Adriano Rogério Bruno Tech
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Spectral signature ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Assinatura espectral ,Agriculture (General) ,SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO ,Soil Science ,Processamento de imagens ,Nutritional status ,Pattern recognition ,HSB ,Horticulture ,Remote sensing ,Backpropagation ,N fertilizer ,S1-972 ,Image processing ,Principal component analysis ,Leaf blade ,RGB color model ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
This study is based on the principle that vegetation indexes (VIs), derived from the RGB color model obtained from digital images, can be used to characterize spectral signatures and classify Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés according to nitrogen status (N). From colorimetric data obtained from leaf blade images acquired in the field, three artificial neural networks were evaluated according to the performance in the classification of N status: Feedforward Backpropagation (FFBP), Cascade Forward Backpropagation (CFBP) and Radial Base function (RBFNN). Four N fertilization rates were applied to generate contrasting N contents in the plants. The youngest completely expanded leaves from 60 tillers were detached at each regrowth cycle of 28 days, thus their images and leaf N content were obtained. Samples were then classified as deficient (>17 g N kg-1 leaf dry matter (DM), moderately deficient (from 17.1 to 20.0 g N kg-1 DM), and sufficient (> 20.1 g N kg-1 DM). The VIs were selected by principal component analysis and the performance of the networks evaluated by the accuracy. The accuracy in classification obtained by the networks were 88%, 86% and 79% for FFBP, CFBP and RBFNN, respectively, indicating that the spectral signatures can be determined from images acquired in the field. So, the proposed method could be used to develop a software that aims to monitor the status of N in real time, providing a fast and inexpensive tool for defining the time and the amount of N fertilizer, according to the pasture demand. RESUMO Este estudo baseia-se no princípio de que índices de vegetação (IVs), derivados do modelo de cores RGB obtidos de imagens digitais, podem ser usados para caracterizar assinaturas espectrais e classificar pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés segundo o status de nitrogênio (N). A partir de dados colorimétricos obtidos de imagens de lâminas foliares adquiridas em campo, três redes neurais artificiais foram avaliadas quanto ao desempenho na classificação do status N: Feedforward Backpropagation (FFBP), Cascade Forward Backpropagation (CFBP) e função de Base Radial (RBFNN). Quatro taxa s de fertilização nitrogenada foram aplicadas para gerar contrastes no teor de N nos tecidos das plantas. As folhas mais jovens completamente expandidas de 60 perfilhos foram destacadas das plantas a cada ciclo de rebrotação de 28 dias, sendo as imagens das folhas e teor de N foliar determinados. As amostras foram classificadas em deficientes (> 17 g N kg-1 de matéria seca (MS)), moderadamente deficientes (de 17,1 a 20,0 g N kg-1 MS) e suficiente (> 20,1 g N kg-1 MS). Os IVs foram selecionados pela análise de componentes principais e o desempenho das redes avaliados pela acurácia. As acurácias nas classificações obtidas pelas redes foram de 88%, 86% e 79% para FFBP, CFBP e RBFNN, respectivamente, indicando que as assinaturas espectrais podem ser determinadas a partir de imagens adquiridas em campo. Assim, o método proposto pode ser utilizado para desenvolver um software de monitoramento do status de N em tempo real, fornecendo uma ferramenta rápida e econômica para definir o momento e quantidade de fertilizantes nitrogenados, conforme demanda da pastagem.
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- 2022
14. Lessons from a seaside resort : Ideology, matter and meaning in the construction of a cooperative resort in Sweden 1929–1931
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Elfström Berg, Karolina
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hyresgäströrelsen ,Årsta havsbad ,History ,rumslig teori ,folkhemmet ,fritid ,kooperationen ,Henri Lefebvre ,HSB ,sportstugerörelsen ,Historia ,socialt bostadsbyggande ,funktionalism - Abstract
The Swedish cooperative housing company, known as HSB, was formed in 1923 as a result of a nationwide mobilization of tenants from mid 1800’s and forward. In 1929, they entered a new area of production by the planning and creation of Sweden’s first cooperative seaside resort, named Årsta havsbad. The purpose of this project was to offer affordable and accessible recreational housing to working class families living in any of the appartements owned by HSB in the city of Stockholm. The aim of this thesis is to examine how Årsta havsbad was constructed as a social product during its early establishment around 1920–1931. Drawing on the spatial theory developed by French sociologist Henri Lefebvre in his 1974 book The production of space, the study seeks to identify how ideology, spatial practices and imaginaries simultaneously operated in the constitution of Årsta havsbad. The material analyzed are writings and pictures of HSB’s own newspaper Vår Bostad, as well as pictures, movies and additional press material. The study finds that HSB played a dominant role in shaping the practices and values of its intended inhabitants. Through the highly visual propaganda, HSB advocated for modernist views of domestic, social and environmental values. This left little to no space for conflicting ideas and behaviors. Furthermore, Årsta havsbad can be seen as a material manifestation of the inner conflicts of modernity, cutting through dichotomies such as individual/collective, city/countryside and nature/culture.
- Published
- 2022
15. Potential of hybrid striped bass ( Morone saxatilis (Walbaum) x Morone chrysops (Rafinesque) to reproduce among climatic conditions of northern and central Germany.
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Müller‐Belecke, Andreas, Böhm, Marcel, Pfeifer, Matthias, and Füllner, Gert
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AQUACULTURE , *CLIMATE change research , *HYBRID bass , *STRIPED bass , *WHITE bass - Abstract
The article discusses a study which aimed to obtain further information regarding the reproductive and outdoor wintering potential of hybrid striped bass (HSB) in the climatic conditions of Germany. The results show a certain risk for invasive behaviour of escaped HSB among the climatic conditions of northern and central Germany and suggests that HSB will not gain importance as an alternative candidate in German outdoor aquaculture.
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- 2016
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16. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among miners from the Karonga, Rumphi, Kasungu and Lilongwe Districts of Malawi in 2019
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Ethel, Rambiki, Andrew, Dimba, Pilirani, Banda, Wingston, Ng'ambi, Knox, Banda, Belaineh, Girma, Birru, Shight, Levi, Lwanda, Isaias, Dambe, Jaya Prasad, Tripathy, Mumbi, Chola, Pascalina, Chanda-Kapata, James, Mpunga, and Damson, Kathyola
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Malawi ,Adolescent ,HSB ,Middle Aged ,Mines ,Mining ,Occupational Diseases ,Young Adult ,PTB ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Prevalence ,health-seeking behaviour ,Humans ,Female ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ,pulmonary tuberculosis ,Aged ,Original Research - Abstract
Introduction Miners in sub-Saharan Africa have a greater risk of tuberculosis (TB) than any other working population in the world. In spite of the presence of large and vulnerable population of miners in Malawi, no previous study has aimed to assess the burden of TB among these miners. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and health-seeking behaviour (HSB) in a population of miners in Malawi, and a range of associated factors. Our goal was to develop a method to identify missing cases of TB. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Karonga, Rumphi, Kasungu and Lilongwe districts of Malawi in 2019. We calculated frequencies, proportions, odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and used the chi-square test in STATA version15.1 to investigate the burden and magnitude of PTB in the mining sector. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were also fitted for PTB and HSB. Results Of the 2400 miners approached, we were able to interview 2013 (84%). Of these, 1435 (71%) were males, 1438 (71%) had known HIV status and 272 (14%) had PTB. Multivariate analysis showed that the miners performing informal mining were 50% more likely to develop PTB compared with those in formal mining (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10–2.05, P=0.01). A total of 459 (23% of 2013) miners had presumptive TB. Of these, 120 (26%) sought health care; 80% sought health care at health facilities. Multivariate analysis also showed that miners who experienced night sweats were less likely to seek health care compared with those without night sweats (AOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.30–0.90, P=0.02). Conclusion The prevalence of PTB was higher among miners than in the general population. Consequently, targeted TB screening programmes for miners may represent a suitable strategy to adopt if we are to end TB by 2030. Poor health-seeking behaviours among miners is worrisome and further qualitative research is necessary to understand the barriers to accessing health care in these settings.
- Published
- 2021
17. Enamel microstructure and mastication in Pyrotherium romeroi (Pyrotheria, Mammalia).
- Author
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Koenigswald, Wighart, Martin, Thomas, and Billet, Guillaume
- Abstract
Copyright of Paläontologische Zeitschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Self-Reported Morbidity and Health-Seeking Behavior and its Predictors Among a Geriatric Population in Western Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
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Beshadu Bedada Feyisa, Gosaye Mekonen Tefera, and Seble Fekadu Deyaso
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Cross-sectional study ,Population ,International Journal of General Medicine ,predictor ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Logistic regression ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Statistical significance ,Severity of illness ,health-seeking behavior ,HSB ,Medicine ,education ,self-reported morbidity ,Socioeconomic status ,Original Research ,Response rate (survey) ,Geriatrics ,education.field_of_study ,geriatrics ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Ethiopia ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Beshadu Bedada Feyisa,1 Seble Fekadu Deyaso,2 Gosaye Mekonen Tefera3 1Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Beshadu Bedada Feyisa Email beshadubedhadha@gmail.comBackground: Planning for health care services provision depends on the morbidity profile, health-seeking behavior (HSB), and its predictors. Thus, this study aimed to identify the level of self-reported morbidity, HSB and its predictors.Patients and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the geriatric (≥ 60 years) population in West Shoa Zone. A multi-stage systematic sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. After testing for collinearity, variables with p-value < 0.25 on binary logistic regression were entered into backward multivariate logistic regression analysis with statistical significance at p-value < 0.05.Results: With a response rate of 98%, 779 study participants were recruited. The median (IQR) age of the respondents was 70 (70– 78) years. Five hundred eighty-four (3/4) of the study participants reported that they experienced morbidity at least once in the year before interview. Of 584 study participants, 53.9% had poor HSB. Living in village (p-value = 0.034), being housewife (p-value = 0.048), wealth index [being rich (p-value = 0.033), being in moderate economic status (p-value= 0.001), and being poor (p-value= 0.049) relative to richest], being head of polygamous household (p-value= 0.019), non-smoker (P-value = 0.012), not having community-based health insurance coverage (CBHI) (p-value< 0.0001), having ≤ 3 times number of illness (p-value < 0.0001), self-medication (p-value < 0.0001), not having hypertension (p-value=0.016), not having diabetes mellitus (DM) (p-value=0.012), and not having oro-dental problem (p-value= 0.043) were positively associated with poor HSB. Nevertheless, self-perceived mild severity of illness (p-value= < 0.0001), good health status (p-value= 0.001), and not having musculoskeletal problem (p-value< 0.0001) were negatively associated with poor HSB.Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of self-reported morbidity and poor HSB. There should be an effort to improve the HSB and CBHI utilization of the geriatric population by all stakeholders. Moreover, modifiable predictors of HSB needs to be improved.Keywords: self-reported morbidity, geriatrics, health-seeking behavior; HSB, predictor, Ethiopia
- Published
- 2020
19. Overview of various color models of computer graphcs
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Kurmanova, D. I., Курманова, Д. И., Kalskaya, Y. A., Кальская, Ю. А., Kurmanova, D. I., Курманова, Д. И., Kalskaya, Y. A., and Кальская, Ю. А.
- Abstract
This article defines the term «color model» and presents a review of various color models, their description and comparison. To utilize color as a visual signal in multimedia, image processing, graphics and computer vision applications, an appropriate method for representing the color signal is needed. The different color models address this need., Данная статья дает определение термину «цветовая модель» и представляет обзор различных цветовых моделей, их описание и сравнение. Чтобы использовать цвет в качестве визуального сигнала в приложениях мультимедиа, обработки изображений, графики и компьютерного зрения, необходим соответствующий метод для представления цветового сигнала. Различные цветовые модели удовлетворяют эту потребность.
- Published
- 2020
20. En fackförening för hemmen : Kollektiv mobilisering, hyresgästorganisering och maktkamp på hyresmarknaden i Stockholm och Göteborg 1875–1942
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Rolf, Hannes and Rolf, Hannes
- Abstract
This thesis is a study of the collective mobilisation and organisation of tenants in Gothenburg and Stockholm between 1875 and 1942. Of special interest are the power relations and the power struggle between the landlords and the organised tenants in the same period. The similarities and differences between the tenants’ movement in Gothenburg and Stockholm played an important role in the historical process and both cities thus need to be studied and compared to each other. The concept of contentious repertoire, developed mainly in the works of Charles Tilly and Sidney Tarrow, is used to explain the methods employed by the tenants in their collective mobilisation. Other important factors considered in the thesis are the opportunity structures available and the periods of international radicalisation where the rent struggle also seems to have intensified worldwide. Both the Swedish organised landlords and tenants modelled their organisations after labour market organisation and both parties came to understand their relation as part of a class struggle. A concept borrowed from Klas Åmark, exchangeability, will be used to illustrate an important factor – the harder it was for a landlord to replace a tenant with another tenant, the better the tenants’ position. The tenants’ unions knew this and tried with militant means as well as with advocacy for tenants’ rights and increased housing construction to make it harder for the landlords to replace their tenants. Episodes of tenant militancy were frequent, in Gothenburg especially between 1923 and 1937 and in Stockholm especially between 1928 and 1936. The collective mobilisation and organisation of the tenants did alter the power relations between landlords and tenants, which can be seen both in the concessions made by landlords in numerous conflicts and in the fact that the landlords altered their organisations to defend themselves against the tenant offensive. By the end of the period, centralised collective bargaining ha
- Published
- 2020
21. Atmospheric water-vapour profiling from passive microwave sounders over ocean and land. Part II: Validation using existing instruments.
- Author
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Bernardo, Frédéric, Aires, Filipe, and Prigent, Catherine
- Subjects
- *
ATMOSPHERIC water vapor , *METEOROLOGICAL precipitation measurement , *RADIOSONDES , *WEATHER forecasting , *ATMOSPHERIC layers - Abstract
In a companion article (Paper I), a water-vapour retrieval algorithm has been developed using microwave sounding observations. An operational chain derived from this algorithm is being used for the Megha-Tropiques mission, launched in autumn 2011. The water vapour is retrieved for clear and cloudy scenes, excluding precipitation cases, over ocean and land surfaces. By-products are also calculated by the algorithm, including surface temperature and microwave emissivities over land. Evaluation of the water-vapour products is the main objective of this article. The algorithm is tested using the HSB/AMSR-E (resp. MHS/AMSU-A) instruments on board the AQUA (resp. MetOp) platform, over the Tropics between ±30° in latitude. Results are compared with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses and data from radiosondes. The root-mean-square error for the total column water vapour is ∼5 kg m2 for both clear and cloudy scenes, compared with radiosondes over land. The atmospheric water-vapour profile is retrieved for six atmospheric layers and the root-mean-square error is estimated to be lower than 20% in relative humidity, even for the lowest atmospheric layer over land. A posteriori validation tests on the brightness temperatures indicate an overall positive impact of the retrievals relative to a priori ECMWF analyses. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. SPECTRAL IMAGING IN THE EVALUATION OF THE CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT IN WHEAT.
- Author
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SALA, F., BOLDEA, M., and GERGEN, I.
- Subjects
- *
SPECTRAL imaging , *CHLOROPHYLL , *WHEAT , *DIGITAL image processing , *DIGITAL photography - Abstract
The objective of our research was to evaluate the nutritional status expressed through the chlorophyll content in wheat crops, by using the analysis of the digital images taken in the visible spectrum. The study is based on observations of different colors expressed by plants in the visible spectrum, following a different nutritional status. These data about colors were associated and correlated with the chlorophyll content. The biologic material was represented by Alex variety of wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. Vulgare). The nutritional stress which generated the variation in the chlorophyll content was induced by controlled nitrogen fertilization, in doses between 0 - 200 kg active substance ha-1 with four levels of PK 0 - 150 kg active substance ha-1. Chlorophyll content of wheat plants was determined with a portable chlorophyll meter (Konica Minolta SPAD 502 Plus) to measure absorbance leaves red and near infrared region. Determination of chlorophyll was done in the same time to capture digital images. Capturing digital images made with a Nikon D80 at uniform parameters for all variants. The digital images, captured in the visible spectrum, were analyzed from the point of view of their color spectrum by nonlinear perceptual representation systems RGB, HSB and HSL. Chlorophyll content ranged from 40.26 ± 1.36 (SPAD units) from control variant (P0K0N0) and 55.57 ± 0.55 (SPAD units) at P150K150N200 variant. After the correlative analysis of the numerical values resulted on color channels (H,S,B and H,S,L) and chlorophyll, we obtained correlations with high significance level (very significantly negative correlation between the chlorophyll content and color channel BHSB, r = -0.930). Multi-parameter analysis of the variables, accomplished through cluster analysis and data grouping based on Euclidean distances, places the experimental variants according to the fertilization level. Their disposition is also correlated with the chlorophyll content and HSB and HSL values resulted from tests carried out and from the data stored in digital images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
23. Energy Efficiency in Tenant–Owners' Residences: The Process of Going from Objective to Implementation.
- Author
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Palm, Jenny
- Subjects
- *
RESIDENTIAL energy conservation , *ENERGY consumption , *HOUSING development , *HOUSEHOLDS - Abstract
This article focuses on how Sweden's largest tenant–owners' organization, HSB, deals with energy efficiency. The aim is to examine HSB's energy goals, how they are determined and how they should be implemented at four levels: the national association, the regional office, the local housing co-operatives and the tenant–owners. Representatives of all four levels were interviewed. Achieving energy goals calls for common strategies involving all levels of HSB. The analysis indicates that ambitious energy goals have not been followed up with similarly ambitious implementation plans by the organization. Champions in HSB mobilize support for energy efficiency at the regional and co-operative levels, but have no effect on household engagement. The lack of interest in energy efficiency on the part of households was not only due to the collective metering of energy, but also because energy constitutes only a small part of household life. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Обзор различных цветовых моделей компьютерной графики
- Author
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Kalskaya, Y. A., Kurmanova, D. I., and Курманова, Д. И.
- Subjects
RGB ,LAB ,КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ГРАФИКА ,CMYK ,COLOR MODEL ,COMPUTER GRAPHICS ,COLOR SPACE ,HSB ,ЦВЕТОВАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ,ЦВЕТОВОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО - Abstract
This article defines the term «color model» and presents a review of various color models, their description and comparison. To utilize color as a visual signal in multimedia, image processing, graphics and computer vision applications, an appropriate method for representing the color signal is needed. The different color models address this need. Данная статья дает определение термину «цветовая модель» и представляет обзор различных цветовых моделей, их описание и сравнение. Чтобы использовать цвет в качестве визуального сигнала в приложениях мультимедиа, обработки изображений, графики и компьютерного зрения, необходим соответствующий метод для представления цветового сигнала. Различные цветовые модели удовлетворяют эту потребность.
- Published
- 2020
25. A Union for the Homes : Collective Mobilisation, Tenant Organising and Power Struggle on the Rental Market in Stockholm and Gothenburg 1875–1942
- Author
-
Rolf, Hannes
- Subjects
Boycott ,History ,housing cooperative ,tenants’ union ,rent strike ,tenant organising ,HSB ,landlord ,Historia - Abstract
This thesis is a study of the collective mobilisation and organisation of tenants in Gothenburg and Stockholm between 1875 and 1942. Of special interest are the power relations and the power struggle between the landlords and the organised tenants in the same period. The similarities and differences between the tenants’ movement in Gothenburg and Stockholm played an important role in the historical process and both cities thus need to be studied and compared to each other. The concept of contentious repertoire, developed mainly in the works of Charles Tilly and Sidney Tarrow, is used to explain the methods employed by the tenants in their collective mobilisation. Other important factors considered in the thesis are the opportunity structures available and the periods of international radicalisation where the rent struggle also seems to have intensified worldwide. Both the Swedish organised landlords and tenants modelled their organisations after labour market organisation and both parties came to understand their relation as part of a class struggle. A concept borrowed from Klas Åmark, exchangeability, will be used to illustrate an important factor – the harder it was for a landlord to replace a tenant with another tenant, the better the tenants’ position. The tenants’ unions knew this and tried with militant means as well as with advocacy for tenants’ rights and increased housing construction to make it harder for the landlords to replace their tenants. Episodes of tenant militancy were frequent, in Gothenburg especially between 1923 and 1937 and in Stockholm especially between 1928 and 1936. The collective mobilisation and organisation of the tenants did alter the power relations between landlords and tenants, which can be seen both in the concessions made by landlords in numerous conflicts and in the fact that the landlords altered their organisations to defend themselves against the tenant offensive. By the end of the period, centralised collective bargaining had been largely implemented. Other strategies aimed at reducing the exchangeability were also used by the tenants. Tenant housing cooperative enterprises, first seen as a form of protest action and as an alternative to privately owned housing, eventually took on more centralised form in the organisation HSB. The close ties between HSB and the tenants’ unions gave the latter some economical backing and the former some additional legitimacy. By the end of the research period, the idea of large-scale municipal housing had taken over the role the idea of cooperative housing once had, and even though HSB was to play an important part in the post-war housing projects it would be reduced to a secondary position. When it comes to new legislation, the rent law of 1939 did little to alter the power relations,even though it did recognise the tenants’ movement as the natural representative for the tenants’ cause. The 1942 rent act, however, did give the tenants some leverage but it also overrode the system of collective bargaining that had been worked out by the tenants and landlords. All in all, the directactions, the housing production and the new legislation reduced the exchangeability of the tenants and altered the power relations in favour of the tenants.
- Published
- 2020
26. Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Using VLDA and COP Models in Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Iraq
- Author
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O. Abdullah, Twana, S. Ali, Salahalddin, Al-Ansari, Nadhir, Knutsson, Sven, O. Abdullah, Twana, S. Ali, Salahalddin, Al-Ansari, Nadhir, and Knutsson, Sven
- Abstract
Groundwater aquifer in the Halabja and Saidsadiq Basin considered being one of the most important aquifers in terms of water supplying in Kurdistan Region, NE of Iraq. The growing of economics, irrigation and agricultural activities inside the basin makes it of the main essentials to the region. Therefore, pollution of groundwater is of specific worry as groundwater resources are the principal source of water for drinking, agriculture, irrigation and industrial activities. Thus, the best and practical arrangement is to keep the pollution of groundwater through. The current study aims the evaluation of the vulnerability of groundwater aquifers of the study area. Two models were applied, to be specific VLDA and COP to develop maps of groundwater vulnerability for contamination. The VLDA model classified the area into four classes of vulnerability with each covered area: low (2%), moderate (44%), high (53%) and very high (1%). While four vulnerability classes were accomplished dependent on COP model including very low, low, moderate and high vulnerability classes with coverage areas of (1%, 37%, 2% and 60%) respectively. To confirm the suitability of each map for assessment of groundwater vulnerability in the area, it required to be validated of the theoretical sympathetic of current hydrogeological conditions. In this study, groundwater age evaluated utilizing tritium isotopes investigation and applied it to validate the vulnerability results. Based on this validation, the outcome exhibits that the vulnerability classes acquired utilizing VLDA model are more predictable contrasted with the COP model., Validerad;2019;Nivå 1;2019-02-28 (marisr)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Pola Antenatal Care dan Health Seeking Behavior Ibu Hamil Suku Mbojo, Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat
- Author
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Triratnawati, Atik and Triratnawati, Atik
- Abstract
Angka kematian ibu yang tinggi di Indonesia berdampak pada kegagalan tujuan MDG’s butir 5, yaitu penurunan angka kematian ibu sampai 50%. Penurunan angka kematian ibu adalah salah satu faktor yang penting untuk diperhatikan menyangkut ANC. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana pola Ante Natal Care (ANC) dan Health Seeking Behavior (HSB) ibu hamil di Kota Bima, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengumpulan data dengan focus group discussion, observasi, dan wawancara ibu usia reproduksi di Desa Jati Baru, Kota Bima. Pendekatan gender digunakan guna memahami relasi dan akses perempuan terkait pola ANC dan perilaku pencarian penyembuhan ibu hamil. Ibu hamil rutin memeriksakan kehamilan di posyandu, poskesdes, puskesmas, tetapi tidak semua ibu hamil bersalin dengan bidan melainkan sando. Sando dipilih karena berbagai alasan: turun-temurun atau sudah tradisi, privasi terjaga, kehamilan normal, murah, mudah ditemui, dan dekat. Sebaliknya, apabila kehamilan tidak normal, penolong persalinan yang dipilih adalah bidan/dokter. Jika mengalami gangguan kesehatan, mereka menemui sando untuk mendapatkan pijat, sedangkan ke Puskesmas/bidan/dokter guna mendapat pertolongan dari ahlinya.
- Published
- 2018
28. Novel fault tolerant Multi-Bit Upset (MBU) Error-Detection and Correction (EDAC) architecture
- Author
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Jiménez Olazábal, Andrés, Pleite Guerra, Jorge, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, and UC3M. Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica
- Subjects
MBU ,Error-Detection and Correction ,Fault-tolerant systems ,Multiple bit upset ,EDAC ,Electrónica ,Single event upset ,Hardwired seed bits ,HSB ,Aeronautical Industry ,SEU ,Aeronáutica - Abstract
Desde el punto de vista de seguridad, la certificación aeronáutica de aplicaciones críticas de vuelo requiere diferentes técnicas que son usadas para prevenir fallos en los equipos electrónicos. Los fallos de tipo hardware debido a la radiación solar que existe a las alturas standard de vuelo, como SEU (Single Event Upset) y MCU (Multiple Bit Upset), provocan un cambio de estado de los bits que soportan la información almacenada en memoria. Estos fallos se producen, por ejemplo, en la memoria de configuración de una FPGA, que es donde se definen todas las funcionalidades. Las técnicas de protección requieren normalmente de redundancias que incrementan el coste, número de componentes, tamaño de la memoria y peso. En la fase de desarrollo de aplicaciones críticas de vuelo, generalmente se utilizan una serie de estándares o recomendaciones de diseño como ABD100, RTCA DO-160, IEC62395, etc, y diferentes técnicas de protección para evitar fallos del tipo SEU o MCU. Estas técnicas están basadas en procesos tecnológicos específicos como memorias robustas, codificaciones para detección y corrección de errores (EDAC), redundancias software, redundancia modular triple (TMR) o soluciones a nivel sistema. Esta tesis está enfocada a minimizar e incluso suprimir los efectos de los SEUs y MCUs que particularmente ocurren en la electrónica de avión como consecuencia de la exposición a radiación de partículas no cargadas (como son los neutrones) que se encuentra potenciada a las típicas alturas de vuelo. La criticidad en vuelo que tienen determinados sistemas obligan a que dichos sistemas sean tolerantes a fallos, es decir, que garanticen un correcto funcionamiento aún cuando se produzca un fallo en ellos. Es por ello que soluciones como las presentadas en esta tesis tienen interés en el sector industrial. La Tesis incluye una descripción inicial de la física de la radiación incidente sobre aeronaves, y el análisis de sus efectos en los componentes electrónicos aeronaúticos basados en semiconductor, que desembocan en la generación de SEUs y MCUs. Este análisis permite dimensionar adecuadamente y optimizar los procedimientos de corrección que se propongan posteriormente. La Tesis propone un sistema de corrección de fallos SEUs y MCUs que permita cumplir la condición de Sistema Tolerante a Fallos, a la vez que minimiza los niveles de redundancia y de complejidad de los códigos de corrección. El nivel de redundancia es minimizado con la introducción del concepto propuesto HSB (Hardwired Seed Bits), en la que se reduce la información esencial a unos pocos bits semilla, neutros frente a radiación. Los códigos de corrección requeridos se reducen a la corrección de un único error, gracias al uso del concepto de Distancia Virtual entre Bits, a partir del cual será posible corregir múltiples errores simultáneos (MCUs) a partir de códigos simples de corrección. Un ejemplo de aplicación de la Tesis es la implementación de una Protección Tolerante a Fallos sobre la memoria SRAM de una FPGA. Esto significa que queda protegida no sólo la información contenida en la memoria sino que también queda auto-protegida la función de protección misma almacenada en la propia SRAM. De esta forma, el sistema es capaz de auto-regenerarse ante un SEU o incluso un MCU, independientemente de la zona de la SRAM sobre la que impacte la radiación. Adicionalmente, esto se consigue con códigos simples tales como corrección por bit de paridad y Hamming, minimizando la dedicación de recursos de computación hacia tareas de supervisión del sistema. For airborne safety critical applications certification, different techniques are implemented to prevent failures in electronic equipments. The HW failures at flying heights of aircrafts related to solar radiation such as SEU (Single-Event-Upset) and MCU (Multiple Bit Upset), causes bits alterations that corrupt the information at memories. These HW failures cause errors, for example, in the Configuration-Code of an FPGA that defines the functionalities. The protection techniques require classically redundant functionalities that increases the cost, components, memory space and weight. During the development phase for airborne safety critical applications, different aerospace standards are generally recommended as ABD100, RTCA-DO160, IEC62395, etc, and different techniques are classically used to avoid failures such as SEU or MCU. These techniques are based on specific technology processes, Hardened memories, error detection and correction codes (EDAC), SW redundancy, Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) or System level solutions. This Thesis is focussed to minimize, and even to remove, the effects of SEUs and MCUs, that particularly occurs in the airborne electronics as a consequence of its exposition to solar radiation of non-charged particles (for example the neutrons). These non-charged particles are even powered at flying altitudes due to aircraft volume. The safety categorization of different equipments/functionalities requires a design based on fault-tolerant approach that means, the system will continue its normal operation even if a failure occurs. The solution proposed in this Thesis is relevant for the industrial sector because of its Fault-tolerant capability. Thesis includes an initial description for the physics of the solar radiation that affects into aircrafts, and also the analyses of their effects into the airborne electronics based on semiconductor components that create the SEUs and MCUs. This detailed analysis allows the correct sizing and also the optimization of the procedures used to correct the errors. This Thesis proposes a system that corrects the SEUs and MCUs allowing the fulfilment of the Fault-Tolerant requirement, reducing the redundancy resources and also the complexity of the correction codes. The redundancy resources are minimized thanks to the introduction of the concept of HSB (Hardwired Seed Bits), in which the essential information is reduced to a few seed bits, neutral to radiation. The correction codes required are reduced to the correction of one error thanks to the use of the concept of interleaving distance between adjacent bits, this allows the simultaneous multiple error correction with simple single error correcting codes. An example of the application of this Thesis is the implementation of the Fault-tolerant architecture of an SRAM-based FPGA. That means that the information saved in the memory is protected but also the correction functionality is auto protected as well, also saved into SRAM memory. In this way, the system is able to self-regenerate the information lost in case of SEUs or MCUs. This is independent of the SRAM area affected by the radiation. Furthermore, this performance is achieved by means simple error correcting codes, as parity bits or Hamming, that minimize the use of computational resources to this supervision tasks for system. Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y Automática Presidente: Luis Alfonso Entrena Arrontes.- Secretario: Pedro Reviriego Vasallo.- Vocal: Mª Luisa López Vallejo
- Published
- 2018
29. Motivation and incentives for Generation Y
- Author
-
Mörke, Oscar
- Subjects
leadership ,ledarskap ,Motivation ,property management ,fastighetsförvaltning ,Teknik och teknologier ,organisation ,Engineering and Technology ,Generation Y ,HSB ,organization ,incitament ,incentive - Abstract
Tidigare studier inom generationsväxlingar menar på att det finns skillnader mellan generationers värderingar och vad de prioriterar. En viktig faktor av det hela är att se till vad Generation Y blir motiverade av och hur HSB Stockholm Förvaltning bör arbeta med hur det ska få denna generation att stanna inom företaget. Studien syftar till att ge en ökad förståelse kring hur den valda fall organisationen, HSB Stockholm Förvaltning framgångsrikt ska hantera den pågående generationsväxlingen med hänsyn till hur de arbetar med incitament och motivation med syfte att medarbetare ska stanna inom organisationen. I denna kvalitativa fallstudie har intervjuer av semistrukturerad karaktär genomförts för att belysa studiens frågeställningar. Sammanfattningsvis är slutsatsen av studien att HSB Stockholm Förvaltnings arbete med incitament och motivation måste individualisera och i ännu högre utsträckning anpassas till de nya medarbetarnas behov, förutsättningar och önskemål. Organisationen bör särskilt se över Generation Y:s krav på utveckling och kompetensförsörjning. Organisationen bör även se till Generation Y:s mer påtagliga krav på företagets arbete med hållbarhet och etiska profil samt att medarbetare vill ha en större mening i sitt arbete Previous studies in generational changes mean that there are differences between generations values and what they prioritize. An important factor of the whole is to make sure what Generation Y is motivated by and how, as an employer, you should work on how to make this generation stay within the company. The aim of the study is to provide a better understanding of how the chosen case organization, HSB Stockholm Förvaltning, successfully manages the current generation change, taking into account how to work with incentives and motivation with the aim of employees staying within the organization. In this qualitative case study interviews of semistructured nature have been conducted to highlight the study's questions. The conclusion of the study is that the work of incentives and motivation by HSB Stockholm property management must individualize and to an even greater extent be adapted to the needs, prerequisites and wishes of the new employees. Particular attention should be paid to Generation Y's development and competence development requirements. The organization should also ensure Generation Y's more tangible requirements for the company's work with sustainability and ethical profile and that, as a co-workers, Generation Y’s requires a greater meaning in their work life.
- Published
- 2017
30. Motivation och incitament för Generation Y : Hur ska man få den nya generationen att stanna? En fallstudie i HSB Stockholm Förvaltning
- Author
-
Mörke, Oscar and Mörke, Oscar
- Abstract
Tidigare studier inom generationsväxlingar menar på att det finns skillnader mellan generationers värderingar och vad de prioriterar. En viktig faktor av det hela är att se till vad Generation Y blir motiverade av och hur HSB Stockholm Förvaltning bör arbeta med hur det ska få denna generation att stanna inom företaget. Studien syftar till att ge en ökad förståelse kring hur den valda fall organisationen, HSB Stockholm Förvaltning framgångsrikt ska hantera den pågående generationsväxlingen med hänsyn till hur de arbetar med incitament och motivation med syfte att medarbetare ska stanna inom organisationen. I denna kvalitativa fallstudie har intervjuer av semistrukturerad karaktär genomförts för att belysa studiens frågeställningar. Sammanfattningsvis är slutsatsen av studien att HSB Stockholm Förvaltnings arbete med incitament och motivation måste individualisera och i ännu högre utsträckning anpassas till de nya medarbetarnas behov, förutsättningar och önskemål. Organisationen bör särskilt se över Generation Y:s krav på utveckling och kompetensförsörjning. Organisationen bör även se till Generation Y:s mer påtagliga krav på företagets arbete med hållbarhet och etiska profil samt att medarbetare vill ha en större mening i sitt arbete, Previous studies in generational changes mean that there are differences between generations values and what they prioritize. An important factor of the whole is to make sure what Generation Y is motivated by and how, as an employer, you should work on how to make this generation stay within the company. The aim of the study is to provide a better understanding of how the chosen case organization, HSB Stockholm Förvaltning, successfully manages the current generation change, taking into account how to work with incentives and motivation with the aim of employees staying within the organization. In this qualitative case study interviews of semistructured nature have been conducted to highlight the study's questions. The conclusion of the study is that the work of incentives and motivation by HSB Stockholm property management must individualize and to an even greater extent be adapted to the needs, prerequisites and wishes of the new employees. Particular attention should be paid to Generation Y's development and competence development requirements. The organization should also ensure Generation Y's more tangible requirements for the company's work with sustainability and ethical profile and that, as a co-workers, Generation Y’s requires a greater meaning in their work life.
- Published
- 2017
31. GRAFİK TASARIM SÜRECİNDE KULLANILAN AYGITLARIN RENK MODELLERİ
- Author
-
Harun Hilmi Polat
- Subjects
RGB ,lcsh:Language and Literature ,lcsh:Fine Arts ,CMYK ,lcsh:NX1-820 ,Data_MISCELLANEOUS ,CIELAB ,Colour models ,lcsh:P ,HSB ,lcsh:N ,lcsh:Arts in general ,HSL - Abstract
Within the programs of the departments providing design education, students mostly carry out computer assisted/computer-based studies, and computer-based devices are used during this process. There are differences between colour models and practices of computer-assisted/based devices and the colour theories and practices that students have tried and learned themselves in Basic Design, which is one of the introductory courses.Such colours as red, green or blue are just terms; however, they do not define spectral components of reflecting light of an object. The eyes and mind perceive the spectral information, which is the basis of colour perception. In publishing systems, there is no device that is capable of producing all colours that human eye can see. Every device operates in a certain colour range or certain colour universe that can be produced. Each sector having something to do with colours and using colours as a part of their business utilize colour models that suit them best.In this context, what does colour model mean? What is the purpose of a colour model? What is it used for? What are the types of colour models? What are their analogous and different sides? Why are there so many colour models that make colour reversal possible? What are the reasons for colours' not matching up with each other in design devices and what colour models do these devices use? Do colour models depend on devices or is there a colour model that does not depend on them? In this study, literature review method was used. The study is limited to the basic devices used in graphics design process and the software used with these devices.As a result of the study, it is understood that the purpose of a colour model is to facilitate colour specification through certain standards in a commonly acceptable way. It is seen that the colour model specifies the relationship between values and the colour universe defines the absolute meaning of these values as a colour. It is also found that some colour models (such as CIELAB) have a fixed colour universe since they are directly related with humans' perception of colours and these models are defined independently of the device. It is seen that other colour models (RGB, CMYK, HSL, HSB, etc.) might have rather different colour universes, and they are defined based on the device since they change based on the colour space or device that they are related with.
- Published
- 2012
32. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among miners from the Karonga, Rumphi, Kasungu and Lilongwe Districts of Malawi in 2019.
- Author
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Rambiki E, Dimba A, Banda P, Ng'ambi W, Banda K, Girma B, Shight B, Lwanda L, Dambe I, Tripathy JP, Chola M, Chanda-Kapata P, Mpunga J, and Kathyola D
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Malawi epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Young Adult, Mining, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Miners in sub-Saharan Africa have a greater risk of tuberculosis (TB) than any other working population in the world. In spite of the presence of large and vulnerable population of miners in Malawi, no previous study has aimed to assess the burden of TB among these miners. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and health-seeking behaviour (HSB) in a population of miners in Malawi, and a range of associated factors. Our goal was to develop a method to identify missing cases of TB., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Karonga, Rumphi, Kasungu and Lilongwe districts of Malawi in 2019. We calculated frequencies, proportions, odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and used the chi-square test in STATA version15.1 to investigate the burden and magnitude of PTB in the mining sector. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were also fitted for PTB and HSB., Results: Of the 2400 miners approached, we were able to interview 2013 (84%). Of these, 1435 (71%) were males, 1438 (71%) had known HIV status and 272 (14%) had PTB. Multivariate analysis showed that the miners performing informal mining were 50% more likely to develop PTB compared with those in formal mining (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.05, P =0.01). A total of 459 (23% of 2013) miners had presumptive TB. Of these, 120 (26%) sought health care; 80% sought health care at health facilities. Multivariate analysis also showed that miners who experienced night sweats were less likely to seek health care compared with those without night sweats (AOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.30-0.90, P =0.02)., Conclusion: The prevalence of PTB was higher among miners than in the general population. Consequently, targeted TB screening programmes for miners may represent a suitable strategy to adopt if we are to end TB by 2030. Poor health-seeking behaviours among miners is worrisome and further qualitative research is necessary to understand the barriers to accessing health care in these settings., (© 2020 The College of Medicine and the Medical Association of Malawi.)
- Published
- 2020
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33. Att skapa trygga och tillgängliga boendemiljöer : Hur man med relativt små medel och insatser kan förbättra tillgängligheten i befintliga fastigheter
- Author
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Chebil, Linda
- Subjects
Hyresfastighet ,TIBB ,Tillgänglighetsinventering ,Tillgänglighet ,HSB ,Civil Engineering ,Samhällsbyggnadsteknik - Abstract
Det befintliga bostadsbeståndet i Sverige står inför stora utmaningar och restaurering är ett faktum då vi inte bygger bostäder i samma takt som vår befolkning ökar. Rapporten syftar till att möjliggöra för äldre och funktionshindrade att bo kvar längre i sina hem men även underlätta och förebygga för personer som idag inte har några rörelsehinder att enkelt förflytta sig i och kring den egna bostaden. Rapporten påvisar vilken förbättringspotential ur ett tillgänglighetsperspektiv som finns för en flerfamiljsfastighet från 1987 som ägs och förvaltas av HSB hyresfastigheter samt hur de skall arbeta för att skapa trygga och tillgängliga boendemiljöer i sitt bostadsbestånd så att de uppfyller kraven för högsta nivå i inventeringsverktyget TIBB. Arbetet är avgränsat till att utreda förbättringspotential och komma med konkreta åtgärdsförslag för en fastighet Mimer 10, Hörnellgatan 18 som HSB i Skellefteå äger, och undersöka entréer, gemensamhetsutrymmen och lägenheternas planlösningar. Rapporten baseras på en mix av kvalitativa och kvantitativa undersökningsmetoder vilka kompletterar varandra väl för aktuell studie. Två stycken fallstudier har utförts varav en replikation och diskussioner med sakkunnig har förekommit vid framtagande av åtgärdsförslag för att säkerställa validiteten. Författaren kom fram till en rad förbättringsåtgärder som kan implementeras i fastigheten vilket resulterade i en åtgärd- och prioriteringslista. Framför allt så handlade det om nivåutjämnande åtgärder samt att införa dörrautomatik till gemensamma utrymmen. I samråd med uppdragsgivaren HSB så framtogs ett förslag på att omvandla befintligt cykelförråd till ett permobil-, rullstol- och rollatorförråd och illustrationer för detta har upprättats i arkitektprogrammet ArchiCAD. I den undersökta fastigheten så är medelåldern för de boende hög och många skulle gynnas av en mer tillgänglig boendemiljö. För att vara en attraktiv hyresvärd så gäller det att lyssna på hyresgästernas behov och att ständigt sträva efter att höja kvalitén på fastigheterna. Utförs åtgärderna enligt framtagna förslag så kommer fastigheten Mimer 10 att uppfylla högsta tillgänglighetsnivå enligt inventeringsverktyget TIBB. The existing housing stock in Sweden is standing in front of a big challenge and restoration is a must when we are not building in the same rate that our population increases. This report is aiming to enable older people and those with disability to live longer in their homes and also to facilitate those that do not have a disability to easier move in and about their own homes. This report highlights improvements from an availability perspective for a multi-family property from 1987 that is owned and administrated by HSB rental property and shows how they shall work to make a safe and available housing environment in their housing stock, so that they can fulfill the claims of highest rank in the inventory tool TIBB. The report is defined to investigate potential improvement and propose measures for a building Mimer 10, Hörnellgatan 18 that is owned by HSB in Skellefteå and also to investigate entry’s, common areas and the apartments floorplan. The report is based on a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods which complements each other well for this study. Two case studies have been implemented and discussion with expert in availability have occurred to establishment a proposal to ensure the validity. The author concluded a line of improvements that can be implemented in the property which resulted in a measure- and priority list. Above all it was about level balancing measures and to introduce automatic doors to common areas. In consolation with the employer HSB there was a proposal develop to convert the existing bicycles storehouse to an electric wheelchair and walker storehouse, illustrations for this have been created in the architect program ArchiCAD. In the investigated property the average age for the tenants is high and many would benefit from a more accessible living environment. To be an attractive landlord it is important to listen to the tenants´ needs and continually strive to raise the quality of the property. If the arrangements are carried out and developed like the proposal suggests, the property Mimer 10 will fulfil the highest level of availability according to the inventory tool TIBB.
- Published
- 2016
34. Renlighetens standardisering : En undersökning av badrum i 1930-talets Uppsala
- Author
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Bergström, Cecilia and Bergström, Cecilia
- Abstract
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka relationen mellan badrumsutformning och föreställningar om klass och hygien på 1930-talet. Ett av syftena har varit att ta reda på om man då tänkte sig att olika samhällsgrupper hade skilda behov av badutrymmen och hygien. En del av undersökningen är avgränsad till 1930-talets Uppsala och materialet har utgjorts av ritningar och byggobjektshandlingar från byggmästaren Anders Diös. Dessa har i sin tur också kopplats till en samtida utredning av badrumsstandard. Studien visar att det fanns en koppling mellan byggande, klass och föreställningar om hygien. Det fanns också en rörelse mot en höjning av boendestandarden där föreställningar om hygien, arkitektur, politik och infrastruktur samverkade.
- Published
- 2016
35. Från kamp till intresseorganisation : Centralisering och homogenisering inom Hyresgästernas Riksförbund fram till 1942
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Rolf, Hannes and Rolf, Hannes
- Abstract
This article is a comparative study of the two largest individual tenant associations in Sweden during the mid-war period. Stockholms Hyresgästförening largely resembled a political association. Combining political lobbying with housing co-operative projects, the organization tried to reform the institutional foundation of the Swedish housing market. Hyresgästernas Centralförsamling i Göteborg had a more trade union-like organizational structure, frequently employing rent strikes and blockades against the organised landlords. The merging of these two organizations within the national federation Hyresgästernas Riksförbund was not conflict-free. After the purging of radicals within the tenants’ movement and after regulated rents where imposed in legislation 1942, the tenants’ movement abandoned militancy and Hyresgästernas Riksförbund became an increasingly centralised and eventually influential actor in the Swedish corporative system that was to emerge after the Second World War.
- Published
- 2016
36. Разработка библиотеки для работы с цветовыми моделями
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Дёмин, Антон Юрьевич
- Subjects
RGB ,Lab ,CMYK ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,библиотеки ,HSB ,конверторы ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,цветовые модели - Abstract
The article describes a library for working with a color models. Program allows to work with color models like RGB, HSB, CMYK, Lab and it may find the difference between colors. Article can be useful for programmers and also for the people who work with color models.
- Published
- 2015
37. La festa del «Nadaam» in Mongolia
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Syman Šołta, Maria Utschitel, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
In der Mongolei findet jedes Jahr im Sommer das Nadaam-Fest statt, ein Volksfest, bei dem Männer, auch Kinder, in verschiedenen Wettbewerben gegeneinander antreten. Der Sprecher beschreibt zwei verschiedene Wettbewerbsdisziplinen, die er bei so einem Fest auf dem Land miterlebt hat: das Wettreiten im Galopp auf Pferden und das Ringen. Der Sieger der Wettbewerbe auf dem Land darf dann am Finale in Ulan-Bator teilnehmen., Tous les étés en Mongolie a lieu la Fête Nadaam; c’est une fête populaire, pendant laquelle des hommes, comme des enfants, concurrencent dans différentes compétitions. Le narrateur décrit deux disciplines différentes auxquelles il a assisté : la course au galop et la lutte. Le vainqueur des compétitions à la campagne peut participer après à la finale de Oulan-Bator.
- Published
- 2013
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38. Pasqua dai sorabi
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Ruzalka Ertlec, Maria Utschitel, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
Jedes Jahr an Ostermontag, wenn die Osterreiter des Dorfes vom sonntäglichen Ritt wieder zurück sind, geht die ganze Familie der Erzählerin an eine bestimmte Stelle im Wald, sucht die Süßigkeiten und kleinen Geschenke, die der „Osterhase“ dort versteckt hat und veranstaltet ein Picknick. Es ist seit Generationen Tradition und eine der seltenen Gelegenheiten, bei denen die gesamte Familie – Großeltern, Elter, Kinder, Cousins und Cousinen,– zusammentrifft., Tous les ans pour le lundi de Pâques, c’est-à dire après le retour des cavaliers de Pâques du village de leur procession à cheval (qui se fait le dimanche de Pâques), toute la famille de la narratrice se rend dans un endroit précis du bois. Là-bas ils cherchent des sucreries et des petits cadeaux que le lapin de Pâques a cachés et ils mettent en place un pique-nique. C’est une tradition qui dure depuis de nombreuses générations et un des rares moments où toute la famille se réunit – grands-parents, parents, enfants, cousins et cousines.
- Published
- 2013
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39. Blanche-Neige
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Jan Eizelt, Jakub Eizelt, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
hsb - Published
- 2013
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40. Le mariage sorabe
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Wórša Šołćina, Maria Utschitel, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
Die Sprecherin erzählt vom Ablauf einer Hochzeit bei den katholischen Obersorben, an der sie selbst teilgenommen hat: Versammeln der Hochzeitsgesellschaft im Elternhaus der Braut, Fahrt zur Trauung in die Kirche, Trauungszeremonie und danach die Hochzeitsfeier bis in die Nacht in der Gaststätte mit Tanz. Dabei werden auch die einzelnen Teile der Tracht, die bei der sorbischen Hochzeit getragen wird, beschrieben., Dans cet exposé la narratrice raconte comment se passe un mariage chez les catholiques de la Haute Lusace (en nous expliquant en particulier comment s’est déroulé le dernier mariage auquel elle a assisté): tous les invités se sont réunis dans la maison des parents de la mariée, puis ils se sont dirigés à l’église pour la cérémonie, après laquelle il y a eu la fête de mariage au restaurant qui s’est prolongée jusqu’à la nuit avec les danses. En outre la narratrice décrit les différentes parties qui composent le costume traditionnel que les sorabes portent lors d’un mariage.
- Published
- 2013
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41. Au théâtre sorabe
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Metod Šołta, Maria Utschitel, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
Der Sprecher berichtet über das Theaterstück „Sekretärinnen“, das er sich gemeinsam mit seiner Schwester, seinem Bruder und Freunden im Deutsch-sorbischen Nationaltheater in Bautzen angesehen hat. Es handelt von sieben Sekretärinnen, von denen jede einen bestimmten Typ verkörpert: eine Intellektuelle, eine ewig Junggebliebene, eine Schwangere, eine junge Wilde usw. Das Theaterstück war sehr erfolgreich und wurde über lange Zeit gespielt., Le narrateur parle de la représentation théâtrale « les secrétaires » à laquelle il a assisté avec sa sœur, son frère et des amis et qui a eu lieu dans le Théâtre National Germano-sorabe à Bautzen. Cette pièce traite de sept secrétaires et chacune d’entre elles représente un type de femme différent: une intellectuelle, une qui reste éternellement gamine, une qui est enceinte, une jeune effrénée, etc. La pièce de théâtre a eu beaucoup de succès et a été jouée pendant longtemps.
- Published
- 2013
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42. La compétition de triathlon
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Beno Šołta, Maria Utschitel, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
Der Sprecher erzählt von der Teilnahme an einem Triathlonwettbewerb am sogenannten Knappensee in der Oberlausitz und gibt dabei Kommentare zu den einzelnen Disziplinen und wie er sie anging. Er hatte zum ersten Mal die olympische Distanz gewählt. Angefangen wurde mit dem Schwimmen im See, worauf das Fahrradfahren folgte und schließlich die Lieblingsdisziplin des Sprechers, das Laufen., Le narrateur raconte sa participation à la compétition du Triathlon, auprès du Lac Knappensee, dans la Haute Lusace et il exprime son opinion au sujet des différentes disciplines en expliquant comment il s’y est pris. Il avait choisi pour la première fois la distance olympique. On a commencé avec la natation en lac, après laquelle a suivi le cyclisme et pour conclure la discipline préférée du narrateur, c’est-à-dire la course à pied.
- Published
- 2013
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43. Les chats dans la pile de bois
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Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Collections de corpus oraux numériques, Scholze, Lenka, Breu, Walter, Marja Lipičowa, Marie-Antoinette Confignal, and Programme franco-allemand Euroslav 2010 : ANR(09-FASHS-025) - DFG(BR 1228/4-1)
- Subjects
Linguistique ,Sorabe supérieur (courant) ,hsb - Abstract
Die Sprecherin erzählt von einer Katze, die immer zu den Nachbarn zum Holzstoß kam. Es stellte sich heraus, daß sie dort ihre Jungen versteckt hatte. Die Nachbarin überlegte, wie sie die jungen Katzen los werden könne, ohne den ganzen Holzstoß umzustapeln. Am Ende waren die Katzen plötzlich weg und es wurde vermutet, daß sie ein Nachbar gefangen habe. (Ein Personname ist aus Datenschutzgründen in der Tondatei gelöscht und im Text mit [NN] angegeben), La narratrice raconte l’histoire d’une chatte qui venait toujours chez les voisins. On a découvert qu’elle avait caché ses petits là-bas. La voisine a réfléchit à comment elle aurait pu se délivrer des chatons, sans devoir détruire la pile de bois. A la fin, un beau jour les chats avaient disparu et on suppose que le voisin les ait attrapés et s’en soit débarrassé. (Pour des raisons de la protection des données un nom de personne a été effacé dans le fichier audio et remplacé dans le texte par [NN])
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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44. Implementação ESB numa unidade hospitalar. Uso normalizado de mensagens HL7
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Ribeiro, Ruben Fernando Santos Silva and Martins, Ângelo
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Sistemas de Informação ,HSB ,HL7 ,ESB ,Information Systems - Abstract
Submitted by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2015-07-14T11:38:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_RubenRibeiro_2012_MEI.pdf: 2065540 bytes, checksum: 569aa3bc7422b5f6e67050f02c20d238 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rebelo (amsr@isep.ipp.pt) on 2015-07-14T13:22:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_RubenRibeiro_2012_MEI.pdf: 2065540 bytes, checksum: 569aa3bc7422b5f6e67050f02c20d238 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-14T13:22:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_RubenRibeiro_2012_MEI.pdf: 2065540 bytes, checksum: 569aa3bc7422b5f6e67050f02c20d238 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
- Published
- 2012
45. Energianvändning i bostadsrätter : Fallstudie av HSB
- Author
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Larsson, Anneli and Palm, Jenny
- Subjects
hushåll ,bostadsrätt ,HSB ,Tvärvetenskapliga studier inom samhällsvetenskap ,Social Sciences Interdisciplinary ,energieffektivisering ,boende - Abstract
Energianvändning i flerbostadshus har kommit i fokus bland annat genom lagen om energideklaration. Detta arbetsnotat syftar till att undersöka hur HSB arbetar med energi- och miljöfrågor på central, regional och lokal nivå. En kvalitativ intervjustudie har genomförts innefattande intervjuer med HSB Riksförbund, HSB Östra, bostadsrättsföreningar och hushåll. Intervjufrågorna har fokuserat på energieffektivisering, energideklaration, individuell energimätning samt information och kommunikation. Vi har kunnat se att det finns en central, regional och lokal vilja att arbeta med energi- och miljöfrågor samtidigt som detta motverkas, enligt de intervjuade, av upplåtelseform, statens förhållningssätt till bostadsrättsföreningar samt svårigheten att åstadkomma beteendeförändringar hos hushåll. HSB centralt arbetar på bred front med syftet att få ett mer övergripande energi- och miljöarbete. Regionalt arbetar HSB operativt genom att t.ex erbjuda. behovsstyrning utav energi, energideklaration och åtgärdsprogram för energibesparande åtgärder. Hushållen talade främst om energibesparande åtgärder så som att släcka lampor, byta till lågenergilampor, tvätta fulla maskiner och stänga av elektriska apparater. De ansåg sig inte ha behov att påverka sin energianvändning ytterligare eftersom de bodde i lägenhet och även hade kollektiv energimätning. HSB centralt, regionalt och lokalt var positiva till individuell energimätning. Samtidigt har majoriteten av de lokala bostadsrättsföreningarna kollektiv elmätning. HSB centralt och regionalt ställde sig även positiva till lagen om energideklaration. Bostadsrättsföreningarna ifrågasatte nyttan med deklaration av yngre fastigheter samt att det fanns en rädsla för att energideklarationen ska komma att användas i beskattningssyfte. Centralt och regionalt talas det om beteendeförändring och viljan att förändra hushållens beteende, men aktörerna menade att det samtidigt är svårt att veta hur denna förändring ska åstadkommas. Centralt kan HSB med hjälp av frivilliga avtal driva frågor på regional och lokal nivå. Det problematiska är dock hur man väcker medlemmarnas intresse. På riks- och regionalnivå ser man främst information som möjlighet till påverkan och därigenom lägger de också över ansvaret för det praktiska genomförandet av centralt framarbetade mål på lokal nivå. På lokal nivå kompliceras energi- och miljöfrågor genom att det blir tydligt att många andra hänsyn måste tas. En reducerad energianvändning kräver ibland en kostsam investering som vare sig hushåll eller föreningen är villiga att dra på sig, framförallt inte om den har lång återbetalningstid. Det kan dock finnas potential för minskning vid införande av individuell mätning, men det diskuteras inte. Bostadsrättsföreningarna har samtidig gjort vissa insatser för att reducera energianvändningen i gemenskapsutrymmen såsom att installera rörelsesensorer och lågenergilampor. Hushållen menade att de säkert kan påverka, men var osäkra på hur. De pekade också på andra aktörers informationsansvar. Vi kan konstatera att omtjatade råd som att släcka lampan, tvätta med full maskin, undvika stand-by osv, är råd som hushållen känner väl till och försöker följa. Samtidigt är energianvändning inte någon central fråga i hushållens vardag. De gånger som den uppmärksammas verkar vara i samband med reflektioner kring om hushållet tjänar eller förlorar på den kollektiva mätningen. Det är dock inget av hushållen som planerar för förändringar som skulle medföra reducering i den egna användningen. Energibeteende i hushåll - en arena för förändring
- Published
- 2009
46. Social redovisning i kooperativa företag : Jämförelse mellan COOP och HSB
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Irimescu, Monika
- Subjects
Coop ,social accounting ,measures ,mått ,intressenter ,Hsb ,stakeholders ,methods ,co-operatives ,sociala mål ,social redovisning ,social objectives ,metoder ,kooperativ ,Business Administration ,Företagsekonomi - Abstract
Syfte: kooperativa företag arbetar för en hållbar utveckling av sina lokalsamhällen. Samtidigt är social ekonomi bäst på socialt ansvar med en hög tillväxt inom Europa. Hållbarhetsredovisning har införts som lag för statliga företag from den 1 januari 2008. Därför undersöker jag hur olika konsumentkooperativ arbetar med den sociala redovisningsprocessen. Syftet med studien är alltså att undersöka och jämföra den sociala redovisningsprocessen hos de kooperativa företagen HSB och Coop, dvs vilka metoder, processer och mått för att mäta de sociala målen används och vilka fördelar och nackdelar har dessa. Metod: Ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt (och en induktiv ansats) har använts för att utföra studien. Data har samlats in genom intervjuer som kompletterats med annan relevant information. En kvalitativ analys och jämförelse av resultaten har gjorts mellan de två kooperativen. Resultat & slutsats: Coop och HSB har hållbarhetsredovisningar där de ekonomiska målen integreras i de sociala. HSB har en egen metod medan Coop har utgått från GRIs riktlinjer. HSB fokuserar på några frågor medan Coop har fångat de flesta frågor med social betydelse. Både den sociala redovisningsprocessen och dess resultat, det sociala bokslutet, anses vara nästan lika viktiga för båda kooperativen, lite större vikt läggs på processen hos HSB. Processen hos båda kooperativ liknar mycket varandra och är i princip samma. För mätningen av de sociala målen använder Coop både kvantitativa och kvalitativa mått medan HSB använder, än så länge, främst kvantitativa mått. För datainsamling används enkäter/webbenkäter av båda kooperativen och är den vanligaste metoden hos Coop. Orsaken till detta kan vara att via dessa kan man få både kvalitativa och kvantitativa svar. HSB använder dessutom medlemstidningen och gemensamma datakällor, medan hos Coop erhålls synpunkter genom medlems- och butiksråden och Medlemspunkten, en särskild plats i butiker där medlemmarna enkelt kan ge förslag på förbättringar eller lämna synpunkter (Coops hållbarhetsredovisning 2007, pdf, s. 38). Bland fördelarna anges av Coop trovärdighet genom en transparent redovisning och av HSB att den underlättar samsyn och utveckling vilket bidrar till en effektiv verksamhet samt att den underlättar kommunikationen. Den sociala redovisningens nackdelar enligt HSB är att koppla indikatorer till aktiviteter medan Coop anser att icke-finansiell information kan uppfattas som svårtolkad och lättmanipulerad. Icke-finansiell information kan således vara svårt att tolka och mäta. Andra nackdelar är avsaknad av etablerade redovisningsregler (Coop) och kostnaderna ifall man skulle misslyckas (HSB). Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Eftersom studien har begränsats på två kooperativ skulle det vara intressant att undersöka flera andra kooperativ och jämföra dem med varandra. Dessutom kunde man även undersöka de två andra områdena inom socialt ansvar som inte behandlats i studien nämligen mänskliga rättigheter och produktansvar. En annan aspekt som kunde undersökas är hur utvecklingsarbetet för social redovisning utförs inom kooperativ. Studiens bidrag: Studien har bidragit till ny kunskap om den sociala redovisningsprocessen hos kooperativa företag, om metoder, processer och mått som används. Den kan vara värdefull för studenter eller andra som är intresserade av hur olika kooperativ arbetar med social redovisning. Nyckelord: social redovisning, metoder, mått, sociala mål, intressenter, kooperativ, HSB, Coop. Aim: Co-operatives work for the sustainable development of their communities. At the same time, social economy is best in social responsibility with a high growth in Europe. Sustainability accounting has been introduced as law for state companies from 1 January 2008. For these reasons, I investigate how different consumer co-operatives work with the social accounting process. Thus, the aim of the study is to examine and compare the social accounting process in the co-operatives HSB and Coop, i.e. what methods, processes and measurements to measure the social goals are used, and what are its benefits and drawbacks. Method: A qualitative approach (and an inductive) was used for the study. Data was collected through interviews completed with other relevant information. A qualitativ analysis and comparison of the results between the two co-operatives has been done. Result & Conclusions: Coop and HSB has sustainability reports with the economical objectives integrated into the social goals. HSB has its own method while Coop has started from GRIs guidelines. HSB focuses on a few issues whereas Coop has captured most of the issues with a social importance. Both the social accounting process and its result, the social account/report, is considered to be almost equally important for both co-operatives, but a little more weight is attached to the process by HSB. The processes by both co-operatives are very similar and, in principle, the same. For the measuring of the social targets, Coop uses both quantitative and qualitative measurements whereas HSB uses mainly quantitative measurements. For the collection of data questionnaires/web questionnaires are used by both co-operatives and are most frequently used by Coop. The reason to this could be that through these both quantitative and qualitative answers can be obtained. In addition, HSB uses the member paper and common data sources while Coop obtains viewpoints through the member- and shop council and the Memberpoint i.e. a special place in the shops, where members can give proposals for improvements or their point of view (Coops sustainability report 2007, pdf, p. 38) Among the advantages indicated by Coop is reliability through a tranparent accounting. HSB indicates that it facilitates a common view and development that contributes to an effective business and it facilitates communication. The disadvantages of social accounting according to HSB are to connect indicators to activities whereas Coop deems non-financial information possible to be seen as hard to interpret and easy to be manipulated. Non-financial information can thus be hard to interpret and measure. Other disadvantages are the lack of established accounting rules (Coop) and the costs in case of a failure (HSB). Suggestions for future research: As the study has been limited to two co-operatives it would be interesting to investigate several other co-operatives and compare them. Besides, the two other areas of social responsibility that were not discussed in the study, i.e. human rights and product responsibility could be examined. An other aspect that could be looked into is how the work for the development of social accounting is carried out within co-operatives. Contribution of the study: the study has contributed to new knowledge about the social accounting process in co-operatives, about methods, processes and measurements that are used. This can be valuable for students or others who are interested in how co-operatives are working with social accounting. Key words: Social accounting, methods, measures, social objectives, stakeholders, co-operatives, HSB, Coop.
- Published
- 2009
47. The annual report as a decision-making tool for purchasing of cooperative apartments. : An examination of HSB´s housing cooperatives
- Author
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Backlund, Josefine and Hallberg, Linda
- Subjects
beslutsunderlag ,bostadsrätt ,Social Sciences ,Samhällsvetenskap ,enkätundersökning ,HSB ,Årsredovisning - Abstract
När en person ska köpa en bostadsrätt finns det många faktorer som bör beaktas. Enbetydelsefull faktor är att ta reda på hur bostadsrättsföreningens ekonomi ser ut, något somköparen bör studera och analysera. Ett tillvägagångssätt för att göra detta kan vara att granskabostadsrättsföreningens årsredovisning. Då kan man göra prognoser och bedömningar omframtiden som man sedan kan använda som ett beslutsunderlag inför köpet.Alla bostadsrättsköpare uppmärksammar dock inte årsredovisningen inför köpet, då andraaspekter ses som viktigare. Syftet med uppsatsen är därmed att ta reda på vadbostadsrättsköparna själva anser om årsredovisningen som ett beslutsunderlag. Vi avser att tareda på om de tog del av årsredovisningen före bostadsrättsköpet, samt hur årsredovisningenuppfattades. Fokus för uppsatsen är bostadsrättsköpare och bostadsrättsföreningarsårsredovisningar.En enkätundersökning har genomförts för att erhålla kunskaper om bostadsrättsköparnas synpå årsredovisningarna. Enkäten bestod av ett antal frågor som behandladebostadsrättsföreningens årsredovisning i samband med bostadsrättsköpet. Undersökningengenomfördes bland boende i tre HSB-bostadsrättsföreningar i Borås och bestod av 435respondenter, varav 71 stycken svarade. Som ett komplement till detta genomfördes även tvåintervjuer för att få en mer detaljerad inblick av undersökningsområdet. Intervjuernagenomfördes genom samtal med två mäklare och en ekonomihandläggare i Borås.Majoriteten av dem som svarade på enkäten fick tillgång till årsredovisningen före sittbostadsrättsköp, men alla dessa hade inte tagit del av informationen i den. Årsredovisningenanses även vara viktig för ett framtida bostadsrättsköp. En slutsats som vi har kommit fram tillär att den information som finns i årsredovisningen anses vara relevant för dem som tar del avden och utgör många gånger ett betydelsefullt beslutsunderlag inför köpet. Uppsatsnivå: C
- Published
- 2008
48. Multi-storey timber-frame building- modelling the racking stiffness of timber-frame shear-walls
- Author
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Hoekstra, T. (author) and Hoekstra, T. (author)
- Abstract
Today, timber structures are receiving attention more and more. Because of the increasing interest in sustainable construction as well as for other reasons, building industry in Europe is (re)-discovering multi-storey timber structures for construction of mid-rise buildings. In this master’s thesis, an analytical calculation method and modelling approach are presented, to calculate the timber-frame shear-wall racking stiffness. With the research, a specific gap in engineers knowledge is completed, and a contribution is made to the development of multi-storey timber-frame structures in the Dutch context of building engineering., Structural and Building Engineering, Structural Engineering, Civil Engineering and Geosciences
- Published
- 2012
49. Värderingsbaserat värdeskapande : En studie vid HSB Centrala Värmland
- Author
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Engblom, Alexandra and Eriksson, Veronica
- Subjects
Business and economics ,värdeskapande ,tjänstekvalitet ,HSB ,Ekonomi ,triple bottom line ,CSR - Abstract
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur HSBs värderingar skapar värde för HSBs intressenter. För att undersöka detta har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ metod. Denna grundar sig i en syn på verkligheten som social konstruktion och en hermeneutisk, tolkande, syn på kunskap. Undersökningen är gjord vid HSB Centrala Värmland i Karlstad. Företag söker ständigt nya sätt att skapa värde. Värde anses idag vara något som skapas tillsammans, genom relationer och att enbart fokusera på ägare och att göra vinst är således inte längre tillräckligt. Ett företag måste ta hänsyn till samtliga av sina intressenter och lära sig vad som skapar värde för dem. På senare tid är det intresset för sociala, etiska och miljömässiga värderingar ökat. Begrepp som socialt ansvar och hållbarhet blir allt viktigare och dessa aktiviteter verkar kunna styras precis som andra system inom ett företag. Värderingar kan vidare vara drivande faktorer i förbättringsprocesser vad gäller tjänstekvalitet, så kallad värderingsbaserad tjänstekvalitet för hållbara affärer. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att HSBs värderingar, engagemang, trygghet, hållbarhet, omtanke och samverkan, ETHOS, skapar värde för HSBs intressenter och särskiljer HSB från andra företag på marknaden genom att de genomsyrar hela HSBs verksamhet och kan kopplas till allt HSB gör. Avgörande i denna process är framför allt den interna kommunikationen. HSBs medarbetare definierar värderingarna, ETHOS, som sina egna och agerar enligt dem vilket, som ovan nämnt, ger värderingarna innehåll. Genom att lyssna på sina intressenter, och ge dem vad de vill ha och förväntar sig, driver och förbättrar värderingarna tjänstekvaliteten. HSB som är en kooperativ organisation har en större möjlighet att komma nära sina intressenter och därmed att förstå vilka värderingar dessa har, än andra privat- eller aktieägdaföretag, vilket måste anses som en fördel.
- Published
- 2007
50. Values-based Valuecreation : A Study at HSB Centrala Värmland
- Author
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Engblom, Alexandra and Eriksson, Veronica
- Subjects
Business and economics ,värdeskapande ,tjänstekvalitet ,HSB ,Ekonomi ,triple bottom line ,CSR - Abstract
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur HSBs värderingar skapar värde för HSBs intressenter. För att undersöka detta har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ metod. Denna grundar sig i en syn på verkligheten som social konstruktion och en hermeneutisk, tolkande, syn på kunskap. Undersökningen är gjord vid HSB Centrala Värmland i Karlstad. Företag söker ständigt nya sätt att skapa värde. Värde anses idag vara något som skapas tillsammans, genom relationer och att enbart fokusera på ägare och att göra vinst är således inte längre tillräckligt. Ett företag måste ta hänsyn till samtliga av sina intressenter och lära sig vad som skapar värde för dem. På senare tid är det intresset för sociala, etiska och miljömässiga värderingar ökat. Begrepp som socialt ansvar och hållbarhet blir allt viktigare och dessa aktiviteter verkar kunna styras precis som andra system inom ett företag. Värderingar kan vidare vara drivande faktorer i förbättringsprocesser vad gäller tjänstekvalitet, så kallad värderingsbaserad tjänstekvalitet för hållbara affärer. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att HSBs värderingar, engagemang, trygghet, hållbarhet, omtanke och samverkan, ETHOS, skapar värde för HSBs intressenter och särskiljer HSB från andra företag på marknaden genom att de genomsyrar hela HSBs verksamhet och kan kopplas till allt HSB gör. Avgörande i denna process är framför allt den interna kommunikationen. HSBs medarbetare definierar värderingarna, ETHOS, som sina egna och agerar enligt dem vilket, som ovan nämnt, ger värderingarna innehåll. Genom att lyssna på sina intressenter, och ge dem vad de vill ha och förväntar sig, driver och förbättrar värderingarna tjänstekvaliteten. HSB som är en kooperativ organisation har en större möjlighet att komma nära sina intressenter och därmed att förstå vilka värderingar dessa har, än andra privat- eller aktieägdaföretag, vilket måste anses som en fördel.
- Published
- 2007
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