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Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex J.F.Cels) J.M.Coult., known under the vernacular name peyote, is one of the most popular and well‐known cactus because of its powerful psychoactive properties. Nonetheless, the authority of its basionym, Echinocactus williamsii Lem. ex J.F.Cels, has erroneously been attributed to Joseph zu Salm‐Reifferscheid‐Dyck and dated from 1845. Herein, we bring to light that the first description was provided by the French horticulturist Jean François Cels in 1842. A historical review of the nomenclature behind this species is provided and the name neotypified. Given that the later isonym by Salm‐Reifferscheid‐Dyck is being proposed for conservation, the implications of our finding are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was proposed as a general objective to describe the practices implemented by the horti- culturists of the municipality of Orica, Francisco Morazán, and their relationship with the occupational risks to which they are exposed using pesticides in tomato cultivation. Methodologically, it is presented as a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The data was obtained through the application of a survey to the farmers of the municipality dedicated to the cultivation of tomatoes, with the purpose of identifying their practices and the occupational risks in which the population dedicated to this activity incurs. In the results, it can be observed that the risks are greater due to the lack of application of Good Agricultural Practices (gap ) and the poor schooling of those who work in this area.

The widespread prevalence of using chemical substances such as fertilizers and pesticides in garden threatens the health of horticulturists. This study aimed to investigate the underlying elements of protective behavior of horticulturists from psychological aspects. The health Belief Model is the theoretical basis of this study and moderating the role of locus of control is explored over the model. The target population of study was horticulturists of Zanjan County, Iran. A questionnaire was distributed among a random sample of 293, who were selected using multi stage stratified sampling. The study results revealed that all elements of the proposed theory significantly influence the protective behavior. Furthermore, the study results confirmed the moderating effects of locus of control on the path relation between perceived profit and cues to action with protective behavior. The suggestions to improve protective behavior for individual with internal and external locus of control are presented. Highlights: • The Health Belief Model as a model that explains why individuals do not participate in protecting their health used in this study to design educational interventions to prevent gardeners' health risks. • The study results revealed that all elements of proposed theory include: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action significantly influence the protective behavior. • The locus of control moderated the path relation between perceived profit and cues to action with protective behavior. • Perceived threat, which in this study was conceptualized as a person's mental belief about the chance of being susceptible to potential danger and the severity of the danger, showed a significant influence on the protective behavior of gardeners for both groups of individuals with high internal and external locus of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ornamental plants are important constituent of floristic diversity which beautify and glorify our surroundings. They add a positive attitude to life, intensify the feeling of happiness, and enhance the economic value of the estate. There has been a growing trend promoted by environmentalists, ecologists, and horticulturalists toward the inclusion of new wild ornamental plants (WOPs) for minimising their maintenance costs and enhancing their survival rate. The current study inventorised the floristic diversity of native WOPs of the Aravalli Hill Range of Haryana State. Researchers recorded 88 native WOPs species belonging to 40 plant families. Asteraceae and Poaceae are the most dominant families, contributing seven species each followed by Fabaceae and Malvaceae with six species each. The habit wise distribution of native WOPs from the Aravalli hill ranges depicted that herbaceous types of plants are dominant with 53.4% followed by trees (18.2 %), climbers (14.8 %), and shrubs (11.4%). These native WOPs were found suitable for various ornamental purposes which ranges from the garden, potted, medicinal, lawn cover, avenue tree, hedge/fencing, edible, religious/ ceremonial, road dividers, cacti, succulent, and indoor foliage. The current study documented four plants, viz., Argyreia cuneata (Willd.) Ker Gawl., Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr., Pulicaria wightiana (DC.) C.B.Clarke, and Rivea hypocrateriformis (Desr.) Choisy. endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Blumea lacera (Burm.f.) DC, Cleome viscosa L, Saccharum spontaneum L, and Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. were reported to have somewhat invasive potential in this region. Further, it is also suggested to introduce some potential native WOPs into domestication by florists, horticulturists, nurserymen, and municipal authorities for the protection, conservation, and perpetuation of these plants to minimize the use of foreign floral species to control the further spread of alien plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first paleoparasitological analyses in Brazil are related to the Gruta do Gentio ll (GGll) an archeological site related to the beginning of the Una ceramist tradition (13,000–410 cal B.P.), with two subsistence horizons, an ancient one related do hunter-gatherers, and a more recent one related to a horticulturist population. Crucial cultural traces of Una tradition such as pottery, fabric, adornments made from animal teeth and shells, and food remnants were also identified during the GGII excavations. Coprolites, fossilized or mineralized feces are important elements in the studies on taphonomy and sedimentology, and yield valuable information on parasitological, environmental, producer origin, and diet. In the present study, GGll coprolites were submitted to morphological and morphometrical procedures to identify the probable origin of samples within the geographical location of study. The results of the identification of coprolites showed four different morphotypes including complex, flat, spherical, and cylindrical, in 10 distinct colors, distributed heterogeneously in 16 sectors and 11 stratigraphic layers, indicating a great variety of not only human but animal coprolites. With the collected data, along with previous archeological evaluations, we can propose a primary GGII paleoecological scenario, with the presence of animals and humans that used de cave in the Pleistocene and Holocene times of Southeast Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Mangaung's old Waaihoek location was gradually demolished between 1918 and 1941 and its residents were relocated to the new Batho location, an embryonic gardening culture was also transferred there. The Municipality of Bloemfontein's mostly English-speaking officials envisaged Batho as a "model location" with an "exemplary" layout which provided for individual stands big enough to lay out gardens. Batho became known as a "garden location" because of the English-style gardens that were subsequently laid out and the gardening culture that emerged among mostly middle-class residents. During the period 1918 to 1939, Batho's gardening culture developed, became established, and then flourished due to the residents' own efforts, as well as initiatives taken by key municipal officials and councillors. These initiatives include: the allocation of allotments for laying out market-gardens; the establishment of a fresh-produce market; the establishment of a Garden Committee; and the appointment of a permanent black horticulturist. When Batho's gardening culture became stagnant, garden and tree-planting competitions were used as a means of revival. Despite the relative "success" of the municipality's initiatives, they were undermined by, among others, drought conditions; inadequate water supply to gardeners; general apathy among location residents; the absence of title deeds for location stands; segregation policies; and suspected ulterior motives of white officials and councillors. In actual fact, some of these seemingly well-meaning initiatives served white interests; they were meant to soften the effects of territorial segregation and they were motivated by personal prestige. Because of deteriorating socio-economic conditions and other social ills that beset Batho towards the late 1930s, its gardening "golden age" came to an end with the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The California Wild Garden opened in Exposition Park in Los Angeles in 1916. Planned by the English horticulturist Theodore Payne (1872–1963), it featured hundreds of Californian plants. Payne claimed scientific expertise as well as practical knowledge. In the next decade, he was also instrumental in the foundation of botanic gardens in Santa Barbara and Santa Ana, which focused on native plants and had both scientific and aesthetic aims. Earlier in his career, he had championed the distribution of millions of non-native eucalyptus trees throughout the state. This essay examines Payne's multiple roles, and the liminal space occupied by horticulturists between gardening and science in progressive-era California. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces the upcoming Young Horticulturist of the Year competition, with the Grand Final scheduled for May 9th at Hestercombe House and Gardens in Taunton. The winner of the competition will receive the title of 'Young Horticulturist of the Year' and a £2,500 travel bursary to pursue horticulture-related activities anywhere in the world. Hestercombe is known for its historic gardens, including a formal garden designed by Gertrude Jekyll and Sir Edwin Lutyens. The article also mentions future sponsorship opportunities and provides information on the upcoming CIH Conference and AGM. [Extracted from the article]

The article announces the ongoing 2024 Young Horticulturist of the Year competition, with the Grand Final set to be held on May 9th at Hestercombe House and Gardens in Taunton. The winner of the competition will receive the title of 'Young Horticulturist of the Year' and a £2,500 travel bursary from The Percy Thrower Trust. The venue, Hestercombe, is known for its historic gardens and is home to a collection spanning 300 years of garden history and design. The article also mentions upcoming events, including the 40th Anniversary CIH Conference at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the CIH AGM, which will take place online on May 1st. [Extracted from the article]

Summary: Uncarina grandidieri (Baill.) Stapf (Pedaliaceae) is a shrub or small tree endemic to Madagascar, restricted to the southern region in dry spiny forest and bush. It is a very attractive plant due to its habit and its remarkable flower which makes it prized by horticulturists and plant enthusiasts. It is described and illustrated here. An overview of the family and the genus is given, with information about its habitat, phenology, cultivation, conservation status and traditional medicinal uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are two primary forms of plant propagation: sexual and asexual. In nature, propagation of plants most often involves sexual reproduction, and this form is still used in several species. Over the years, horticulturists have developed asexual propagation methods that use vegetative plant parts. Innovation in plant propagation has supported breeding programs and allowed the production of high-quality nursery plants with the same genetic characteristics of the mother plant, and free of diseases or pests. The purpose of this Special Issue, "Innovation in Propagation of Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Plants", was to present state-of-the-art techniques recently developed by researchers worldwide. The Special Issue has brought together some of the latest research results of new techniques in plant propagation in nine original papers, which deal with a wide range of research activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia, Docencia y Technologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Entre Rios and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica is the property of Revista Argentina de Antropologia Biologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We analyse the hunting patterns based on faunal records of horticultural groups from the Atlantic Forest grouped in the Guarani archaeological unit, which are the material and behavioural expression of populations of Amazon origin who practiced slash‐and‐burn agriculture in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay. The analysed temporal block ranges from ca. 1373 to 1698 of the Common Era. The characteristics of the faunal assemblages are the high level of the taxa richness and the equitability, where no taxa predominate over the others. The capture decision was probably guided primarily by the weight of the potential prey (preferentially terrestrial mammals) considering thresholds above 10 kg per individual, which have provided the greatest biomass. Nevertheless, small preys are numerically important and taxonomically very diverse. Fish mostly comprise small individuals, with no taxonomic selectivity. The hunted animals were transported completely to the villages. Terrestrial prey and fish were preponderantly boiled in ceramic containers. All the best ranked preys locally available were hunted, so in the long term, there were no exceptions to consumption. The hunting strategies are concordant with historical and ethnographic observations that include a broad diet with low taxonomic selectivity, small foraging range, and garden hunting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an estimation of how frequently, and from whom, children aged 0-11 years (Ns between 9 and 24) receive one-on-one verbal input among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists of lowland Bolivia. Analyses of systematic daytime behavioral observations reveal < 1 min per daylight hour is spent talking to children younger than 4 years of age, which is 4 times less than estimates for others present at the same time and place. Adults provide a majority of the input at 0-3 years of age but not afterward. When integrated with previous work, these results reveal large cross-cultural variation in the linguistic experiences provided to young children. Consideration of more diverse human populations is necessary to build generalizable theories of language acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]