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The article examines mechanisms for deepening interaction between universities and enterprises in order to improve the quality of training of specialists and solve scientific and production problems, first of all, considering the problems of organizing production on the basis of a university, in particular, the problems of creating small innovative enterprises in a university environment and the possibility of commercialization are considered scientific and educational activities. The authors consider the features of the activities of small innovative enterprises and emerging risks. They offer mechanisms for building relationships with industrial partners. They pay attention to the rather complex procedure and rules for creating production activities on the basis of a university, analyze the experience of the functioning of small industrial enterprises in Russia, and highlight several problems that in one way or another hinder the widespread organization of production on the basis of universities. The scientific novelty of the article is the attempt to combine into a single system all forms and methods of interaction between the university, school and industrial partner through the creation of a holding company based on basic departments. The main research methods: studying the experience of the country’s leading universities, through the analysis of their charters and the analysis of Internet resources on the functioning of small innovative enterprises — in universities.

Copyright of Journal für Erbrecht & Vermögensnachfolge is the property of Verlag Oesterreich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przeglad Prawa Rolnego is the property of Adam Mickiewicz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article considers the dynamics of the modern world, where globalization determines economic and financial relationships, the concept of "beneficial owner" becomes the key in the context of international financial structures. This topic is of considerable interest and debate as the identification of the true owner and user of financial resources becomes more difficult due to the development of diverse business models and financial instruments. At present, transparency of beneficial ownership is considered as a key aspect of policy in the fight against illegal financial flows, which include cross-border financial transactions aimed at money laundering, tax evasion; corruption and terrorist financing. Without transparency of beneficial ownership, criminals are able to participate in illegal activities, hiding it behind legal entities or nominal owners. Abuse of corporate secrets can be prevented by identifying, registering and disclosing information about individuals who exercise decisive influence or control over the activities of legal entities, such as companies, partnerships, trusts or similar legal entities. The issues of creating entities with a transparent ownership structure, reducing the level of corruption, disclosing the real owners of certain companies to society, preventing and counteracting the legalization of illegal income by officials of all levels continue to be a priority in Ukraine. In particular, countries in which legal entities may issue bearer shares or bearer warrants, or in which nominal shareholders or nominee directors may exist, should take effective measures to ensure that they are not used to launder funds or finance terrorism. This article examines the role of the beneficial owner in international financial structures, revealing the essence of the concept, its meaning and impact on financial processes. The study is aimed at revealing the key aspects related to the definition of the beneficial owner, its role in preventing aggressive tax planning, as well as in the context of compliance with international norms and standards in the field of financial transparency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of preliminary high-speed heating before recrystallization annealing of dynamite steel has been studied. The change in microstructure during annealing at different temperatures and holding times has been studied. A comparison was made with the parameters of steel obtained using the traditional method of heat treatment. Based on the obtained experimental data, conclusions were drawn about the influence of preliminary high-speed heating, temperature and holding time of recrystallization annealing on the kinetics of recrystallization and about the possibility of using new heat treatment technologies to intensify production and obtain steel with better characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the issues of factors determining the functioning of tax capital groups in Poland. The author points out the most important motivators from the point of view of organizing group of companies, but also the reasons for establishing and legal basis for forming tax capital groups. Based on the tax capital group of one of the largest insurance companies in Poland - PZU. Additionally, the author analyzed the method of creating a tax capital group and presented the most important benefits obtained by the tax entity. The validity of the decision taken within the capital group can be assessed in the areas of: accounting, tax settlements, fulfilling other tax duties and principles of cooperating in PGK PZU. As a result of the analysis, a new trend was identified related to the creation of tax unity in Poland.

State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are one of the business entities aiming to advance people's wellbeing. Government Regulation (PP) No. 72 of 2016 concerning Procedures for Participation and Stock Capital Administration in State-Owned Enterprises and Limited Companies states that SOEs which are used as capital participation of other SOEs become subsidiaries of these other SOEs. It is considered to undermine the function of the The House of Representatives and make the state seem to have lost control of the former SOEs. The PP was tested materially because it was considered not in accordance with Law no. 19 of 2003 concerning SOEs. Based on the judicial review, the Supreme Court (MA) rejected the lawsuit. However, the Supreme Court's consideration stated that SOEs which are SOEs subsidiaries remain state-owned and are inversely proportional to the Constitutional Court decision No.01/PHPUPRES/XVII/2019 dated June 24, 2019, which in its consideration stated that SOEs must be considered the composition of its state-owned shares. The status of SOEs that has changed to become a SOEs subsidiary is no longer categorized as SOEs but becomes Limited Companies with special rights with a special assignment from the Government because it has series A shares (merah putih shares). The status of the State's Wealth of the former SOEs becomes the assets of the former SOEs but still within the scope of State Finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient resource allocation is the key to ensuring the economic growth. Business integration generates both coordination and distribution effects of resource allocation. The former reflects the efficiency of the whole group in terms of resources distribution, the latter illustrates benefits and/or costs of its individual participants obtained due to resources dispensed to them. The paper develops and tests a method for assessing distributive allocative characteristics of resources in a group of enterprises. Neoclassical and new institutional economics constitute the methodological basis of the research, including the theories of production possibilities and industrial organisation, and the contract theory. The 2014–2021 data on economic performance of OOO MMC-Steel, a local group of enterprises in control of the Ural Mining Metallurgical Company, one of the largest holdings in Russia, are studied using general (system analysis and synthesis, typology) and economic statistical methods. According to the findings, there are seven types of resource allocation, which impact on the coordination and distribution effects in a group of industrial enterprises. The study develops a method for assessing three types of distributive allocation of resources: factor- and product-based, intra-organisational. The testing of this toolkit in three groups of resources (production, material, and labour) demonstrated that OOO MMC-Steel features a significant heterogeneity, and the level of allocation of resource portfolio is substantial. The proposed approach enables the creation of a resources strategy that takes into account the solutions to the problem of resources’ allocative efficiency in a group of industrial enterprises.

According to Oliver Williamson, parameters of transaction – its frequency and relation-specific investment – determine the type of resource management. Theoretically, the main reason for the creation and sustainable functioning of complex hierarchical structures is related to business success being dependent on relation-specific and idiosyncratic resources, as well as to the minimization of transaction costs caused by resource exchange. Presumably, the converse is also true: a group of enterprises will make relation-specific investments independently and acquire non-specific resources in the market. The paper tests this thesis using the case study of the Russian industrial holding OOO MMC-Steel. Property rights theory and incomplete contracts theory make up the theoretical framework of the study. We apply economic and statistical methods, as well as the methodology of input-output balance. Empirical evidence consists of data on economic performance of OOO MMC-Steel. Production resources allocation by the level of specificity was studied in two stages. First, we assessed the holding’s choice between specific and nonspecific investments in 2014–2021. Second, we monitored resource flows within the industrial group. The findings show that OOO MMC-Steel’s specific investments are rather heterogeneous. Internal resource flows can be described as conditionally specific and aimed to a greater extent at obtaining coordination effects. The proposed methodology makes it possible to further develop the resource strategy considering the issue of resource allocation efficiency.

The capacity to relax and letting one's mind wander is one of the cornerstones of psychoanalysis. In cases where this capacity seems hindered, the reasons are characteristically sought from particular and specific inhibitions: what is thereby taken to be interfered is not the capacity of relaxation but only the activation of this capacity in a particular regard. In contrast to this mainstream way of thinking, Winnicott argues that the capacity for mental relaxation is a developmental achievement and presupposes a safe sense of integration. The present article investigates this dynamism. It clarifies how an integral sense of self arises out of primary unintegration, explains how a well-established sense of self grounds the ability to relax, and underlines the centrality of relaxed unintegration in everyday life as well as in the analytic situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the subject under study is due to the disquietude of the society, because currently the term “land market” is actively introduced in Ukraine; because of this, monopoly rent is appropriated and redistributed to the enrichment of several heavy duty plot landlords and land users, who already control more than half of the agricultural lands of Ukraine. This paper is aimed at realization of objective analysis of economic processes and covering the regional development of the territories of Ukraine, where agricultural enterprises and farms operate. The leading methods of the study were a dialectical method of cognition of economic phenomena with the review in the historical and economic aspect, and an abstract-logical method, based on the formation of proposals and conclusions. The has showed that agricultural holdings not only support the social sphere formed in the economy but also can implement programs focused on the development of employees and the growth of their social protection. The practical value of this study is also conditioned upon the fact that the progressive principles of governance, management, and transfer of a part of the social benefits available to the population of the cities to the village, which contribute to the economic development of the communities, are involved in the innovative technologies in agricultural sector. The results of this study prove that there are preconditions for development of agribusiness in Ukraine. Specifically, sufficiency of land resources; the necessary production infrastructure and social sphere have been formed; production of highly efficient agricultural machinery and equipment for target production in different edaphoclimatic conditions has been organized, which is evidenced by growth of the number of agricultural holdings annually in most regions of Ukraine. The functioning of farming is an alternative opportunity to share agricultural lands that helped create an economic basis for the system of agricultural enterprises

Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PMID) are in danger of not being granted the human right to experience self-determination. Attitudes questioning the relevance of the rights of persons with significant support needs and a lack of guidance on how to practically go about ensuring self-determination might explain this. Providing knowledge about this matter, this article contributes through an ethnography highlighting the relationship between persons with PIMD and professionals. The concept of holding another's identity was found to be a possible, fruitful approach toward self-determination in this context. Descriptions of holding dialogues with an ethics of care suggest specific conditions for moving practices toward self-determination: recognize the role of the professional, emphasize embodied empathy, and enable involvement. The ethnography suggests a broadened understanding of self-determination, pinpointing the importance of sensitivity toward the other's particularity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Debreceni Jogi Műhely is the property of University of Debrecen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sorption properties of some sands selected in the coastal zones of economically important, but at the same time ecologically oppressed territories of Vietnam are considered. The purpose of the research is to assess the absorption capacity of sands in relation to emulsifi ed petroleum products, to identify their ecological role in typical situations of spillage of small amounts of toxic substances. It is shown that the sorption qualities of the sands depend on the location of the sands, their geochemical and granulometric heterogeneity. It turned out that according to the content of α-quartz, the sands used can be divided into two types with a clearly expressed correlation of sorption qualities with the mineral content. Quartz sands, represented by fi ne-grained pellets, have a high ability to retain oil fi lms. Sands with a content of 10–11% (wt.) corundum are represented by larger and sharper-edged particles with lower bulk density and reduced absorption capacity. For each sand maximally saturated with gasoline components, the reaction to “rainy” or “sunny” weather has been investigated. For the fi rst case, desorption with repeated washing with water has been carried out, in the second case, drying with heating and subsequent single passing of water through a layer of sand. It is shown that gasoline fi lms are fi rmly held on sand particles during washing, but are easily removed when heated. With repeated washing of the underlying layers, it reaches about a quarter of the initial gasoline content in the emulsion, which is fi ltered through sand. When drying with heating, up to a quarter of volatile hydrocarbons are dispersed from the sands, while an insignifi cant amount of organic matter is found in the fi ltrates.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian banking industry showed positive performance, high profitability, sustainable growth, and stability. Islamic banks grew by 9.50% and had a market share of 6.52 percent as of September 2021. This study aims to examine the industrial sector perspective on the factors that prevent consumers from becoming customers of Islamic banks, in particular the factors that influence consumer decisions not to become Sharia bank customers. This study used descriptive qualitative methods and in-depth interviews to confirm and obtain input from industry representatives regarding Islamic banks. Primary data collection was performed using a purposive sampling technique. Informants were head office officials, managers, heads of individual retail product development units, product features and policies, market education, marketing, customer acquisition, and individual retailers. The findings of this study are the existence of passive resistance of consumers to become customers of Islamic banks. In addition, there are obstacles for prospective customers of Islamic banks in responding to marketing stimuli due to the perception of risk, image, and weak marketing reach that have dominated passive resistance to Islamic banks (blocking effects). As a result, consumers prefer conventional banks and are less interested in becoming customers of Islamic banks. This means that there is no opposition to Islamic banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi is the property of Justice Academy of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analysts and psychotherapists are beginning to have more thorough and probing discussions about how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their work. Shifting to online teletherapy has been necessary due to the public health measures put in place to curtail the spread of the virus. Much of the existing literature addresses how using online platforms for teletherapy works for adults. This paper instead looks at its effects on working with children and adolescents. A contrast between Winnicott's notion of holding and Bion's concept of container-contained is reviewed through a summary of a paper by Ogden. This author finds that holding might be more applicable to online work during a pandemic when the collective relationship to time and its usual parameters is severely upended. Containing could be more arduous and challenging online due to the lack of embodied presence to communicate and detect tiny nonverbal cues. A short questionnaire affirms that child analysts and psychotherapists have struggled with dimensions of online work that are particular to the developmental levels of their patients. Further, teletherapy may often not be a good fit for someone with learning differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through a conversational form, we weave together our experiences of making curious and conscious encounters with a work of art in a gallery, while grounding our nonlinear understandings of our shared aesthetic experience on the works of Maxine Greene, Peter de Bolla and Arnold Berleant. Holding, as our conceptual framework, seeds a kind of sensibility in us towards holding space to be dynamically in relation to each other and the work of art. The embodied and textual ways of conversing in this paper become a form of invitation to critically and creatively engage with the diverse meanings of aesthetic experience; an invitation to pause with and contemplate about how our embodied togetherness in the gallery led us to unexplored potentialities for seeking alternative ways of encountering the work aesthetically and internalising the aesthetic sensibilities and qualities that we experienced together in the gallery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the treatment of perpetrators of violence, psychodynamic discourse has often focused on individual aggression and other related emotions and mental phenomena, such as anger, rage, cruelty, sadism and brutality. Psychodynamic theory has been less explicit, however, about how to address an individual's actual violent acts within the psychotherapeutic setting. This article aims to address this gap. It illustrates how psychoanalytic theory – most notably through Winnicott, Fonagy and Glasser – can be used to inform thinking about, and interventions with, men who use violence against their children and partners, using a clinical case that describes psychotherapeutic work with a perpetrator of domestic violence. The article concludes that the psychotherapist's countertransference is an important tool in working with men who use violence, and highlights the importance of the therapist's capacity for impulse regulation, emotional understanding, and handling of his or her own aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: As we enter the third millennium, we witness rapid changes in technology and an increase in the complexity of environmental complexities. Under such circumstances, strategic management is widely used by most businesses to overcome uncertainties and withstand the onslaught of competitors. Meanwhile, the realization of visions, missions, and values and the competitive strategies of firms has become the main concern. This is because strategy development alone will not guarantee the success of the company. Unless these strategies are implemented; they will have no effect on the success and survival of the organization. Thus, the implementation of the strategy is far more important than the quality of the strategy. However, the challenges of strategic management lie in the implementation phase of the strategy more than the formulation stage. Therefore, the strategy execution and use of formal processes in strategy implementation management are critical to facilitating strategy implementation and achieving outstanding performance. In this research, strategy execution emphasizes translating strategies into action, aligning strategies with contextual variables, and managing strategic transformations. However, the readiness for strategy execution is one of the major scientific and practical shortcomings in effective strategy execution. The purpose of this study is to design and explain the model of strategy execution readiness based on a comprehensive and operational approach that fits the ecosystem of Iranian organizations. Methodology: This is an applied type of research in terms of purpose. Due to the knowledge enhancement resulting from explaining the concept of strategy execution readiness, this research also has a developmental nature. It is done through exploratory, descriptive, and hypothesis testing sequences. The research seeks to establish the dimensions and components of measuring the readiness of strategy execution using an inductive -deductive research approach in the form of a combined exploratory research strategy. Thus, in the qualitative stage of the model design, the method of qualitative content analysis is used. In the stage of model testing and fitting, the structural equation modeling and the method of partial least squares are applied with the Smart PLS software. Also, the data are collected, analyzed, and modeled by theoretical sampling and interviews with experts in the qualitative part of the research and by random sampling and distribution of questionnaires in the quantitative part of the research. Results and Discussion: In this study, the theoretical foundations of the subject were reviewed, and the opinions of 21 experts in the field of holding were used. Also, based on qualitative content analysis and theoretical coding, a comprehensive and operational model was designed and explained. The results of the qualitative data analysis, which were validated by professors and academic experts, were presented in the four dimensions of leadership, human, organizational and strategic preparedness, along with 12 key components and 62 items. Also, the structural equation modeling method was used to evaluate the suitability of the proposed model of strategies readiness. The results of applying the methodology proposed in the present study demonstrate the acceptable fit and validity of the organization readiness model for strategy execution. Actually, the average value of redundancies related to endogenous factors in the model is equal to 0.39. Also, the significance level of T in all paths of the model is more than 1.96. In other words, in all paths, the obtained weights have a significant difference with zero, which indicates the correctness of the relationships among the dimensions. Thus, the research hypotheses are confirmed at a 95% confidence level. Finally, through the calculation of the GOF value, 0.63 was obtained. For GOF, this value indicates a strong overall fit of the model. Based on the data analysis algorithm, the strategic preparedness component as the most important component of the current preparedness and leadership was considered as the weakest preparedness condition in food products holdings. Conclusion: In order to increase the readiness of strategy execution based on the Delphi method, the most important executive initiatives were prioritized to establish corporate governance, to improve scenario planning, strategic issues and risks in leadership readiness, to coordinate communication policies, to visualize the vision in human readiness, to design forums, succession and participation rewards in organizational readiness, to establish better future research systems, to set up a thinking framework, and to implementat business intelligence and operational budgeting for strategic readiness. Application of the results of this research can improve the organizational readiness for strategy execution and make it possible to implement effective strategies and, consequently, embody visions, missions and values.

The article presents a clinical study about a girl named Samira and her process of psychoanalytic analysis. It analyzes how the failures in Samira's internal object stability are a consequence of the erratic presence/absence of her external objects. The analysis lasted approximately two years and it was found that the analytical work favored the strengthening of Samira's capacity for emotional containment, thinking, and symbolization. The importance of holding and stability in maternal care and the environmental surroundings in Samira's development is highlighted. [Extracted from the article]

Tove Jansson (1914–2001), was a Swedish speaking Finn, a noted painter and writer, best known as the creator and author of the Moomin books which she illustrated herself. The first book in the series was published in 1945 in Finland. Since then, they have delighted many children and adult readers and gained the status of classics. Although the Moomins are especially well-known in the Nordic countries, they are also popular abroad and have been translated into many different languages. Moominvalley is both a familiar and magical place where the everyday and the incredible intertwine seamlessly to transport readers beyond the everyday to the realm of fairy tales and inner worlds. Deep structures of meaning can be found underlying the stories representing a delicate interplay between separateness and union, the tension between being seen and hidden, and integration of the self. This paper aims to examine how the stories evoke these inner processes and are depicted in the behaviours, moods and feelings of Moomin characters in the light of psychoanalytic theory, with particular reference to the work of Melanie Klein, Wilfred Bion and Donald Winnicott. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Education in the area of therapeutic relationships has enhanced the practice of nursing. In addition to improving patient safety, introducing these skills to undergraduate students has a positive impact on students' experiences. Patients' safety, both in what patients perceive and as demonstrated in outcomes, is strengthened when patients feel authentically seen and heard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contrary to Freud, who understood childhood state of mind through observation and understanding of adult patients, Winnicott, as a pediatrician, directly observed numerous children, mothers, and their interactions in his practice and postulated his theory of childhood state of mind as either healthy or pathologic. Among his contributions to psychoanalysis, ‘holding’ and ‘good enough mother’ are concepts of interest in this paper. Winnicott, as well as other theorists after S. Freud has been known for paving the way into understanding and treating so-called ‘sicker’ patients such as borderline patients. In this paper, I illustrate and discuss a couple of clinical vignettes to understand and help the patient in an emotionally overwhelmed state. Particularly I highlight the differentiation of the real and fantasy and/or mentalization of the patient through the proper clinical application of the ‘holding’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment to the bad object has remained a durable, undertheorized clinical problem. With an extended clinical example, the experience of limit, in both patient and analyst, is examined as part of a dense undercurrent in the relationship, including transference, that gives rise to shifts in understanding the attachment to an unsatisfying internal object. Importantly, the patient's and the analyst's experiences of limit are "in play" during the process of changes in the patient's attachment to the bad object. The relation of patient and analyst to the patient's internal objects, including bad and unsatisfying objects, is where play itself begins. Limit itself is constitutive of play. The analyst's attempt to analyze his own thoughts and experience regarding limits in maintaining an empathic connection to the patient's psychic reality influences the patient's capacity to take in a new part of his or her experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visi Kementerian BUMN saat ini adalah menyelesaikan pembentukan perusahaan holding induk (super holding company) BUMN dalam bentuk klaster yang menjadi payung pengelola BUMN agar dapat menggerakkan proses penciptaan nilai tambah bagi sebesar-besarnya kepentingan rakyat. Perusahaan holding induk BUMN dalam bentuk klaster tersebut akan membawahi perusahaan-perusahaan atau perusahaan holding berdasarkan klaster-klaster sejenis dalam struktur korporasi modern. Pembentukan klaster-klaster tersebut tujuannya untuk memperkuat rantai pasok bukan membunuh sektor usaha lainnya yang sedang berjalan dan meningatkan sinergitas. Realisasi pembentukan induk usaha (holding) pada BUMN berdasarkan core business mesti disikapi dan dilaksanakan secara hati-hati. Sebab, ada sejumlah potensi permasalahan hukum yang mungkin muncul ke permukaan ketika proses holding BUMN itu direalisasikan salah satunya berkaitan dengan status hukum BUMN. Potensi permasalahan itu berangkat dari definisi BUMN sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara. Potensi permasalah itu memunculkan dua isu hukum yakni berkaitan dengan Kedudukan hukum BUMN yang menjadi anak perusahaan dalam Holding Company dan Wewenang Negara/Pemerintah dalam melakukan pengawasan dan fungsi pembinaan kepada BUMN yang menjadi anak perusahaan dalam Holding Company. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum, yaitu suatu kegiatan know-how dalam ilmu hukum, bukan sekedar know-about, sebagai kegiatan know-how penelitian hukum dilakukan untuk memecahkan isu hukum yang dihadapi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).

Relationship-based practice has become an influential theory through which social work practice is understood. However, much more critical attention needs to be given to the kinds of relationships involved. This paper is based on an ethnographic study of long-term social work that spent 15 months observing practice with service users and organisational life to find out how social workers establish and sustain long-term relationships with children and parents in child protection cases, or don't. The paper introduces into the literature the concept of a 'holding relationship', which was present in several of the cases we studied, especially where therapeutic change occurred. The aims of the paper are to document the nature of a holding relationship and to develop it as a concept. A 'holding relationship' involved social workers being reliable, immersing themselves in the service user's day-to-day existence and developing their life-skills, getting physically and emotionally close to them, and practicing critically by taking account of power and inequalities. The concept of a 'holding relationship' draws on psycho-dynamic and sociological theory to provide new ways of thinking that can help make sense of the practical and emotional relating involved in social work and promote the development of such helpful relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes two supervision groups of supervisor‐interns undergoing training as supervisors, based on psychoanalytic supervisory principles, within the academic setting of a school of social work. The author focuses on the challenge of creating reflective and containment space, given the importance of such space for the supervisor‐interns' learning and development in the context of the social construction of practice. Participants' descriptions, at their weekly supervision group meetings, of the supervisory process, are combined with vignettes and narratives of their experiences as supervisor‐interns. Those experiences, under the author's tutelage as supervision group leader, were analysed through mirroring and interpreting the unconscious conflicts of a presented patient, the supervisee−patient relationship, or the process in the supervisory situation itself through the stimulus of the unconscious of group members manifesting in the verbalization of ideas. The supervision groups enabled associative thinking and dreaming as participants processed unconscious experiences, unconscious identifications, and communications derived from clinical materials. The relevance of these processes to teaching and learning supervision is discussed, and their usefulness for conceptualizing professional growth and creativity is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unreliable service and the unstable operation of a high-frequency bus line are shown as bus bunching and the uneven distribution of headways along the bus line. Although many control strategies, such as the static and dynamic holding strategies, have been proposed to solve the above problems, many of them take on some oversimplified assumptions about the real bus line operation. So it is hard for them to continuously adapt to the evolving complex system. In view of this dynamic setting, we present an adaptive holding method that combines the classic approximate dynamic programming (ADP) with the multistage look-ahead mechanism. The holding time, the only control means used in this study, will be determined by estimating its impact on the operation stability of the bus line system in the remaining observation period. The multistage look-ahead mechanism introduced into the classic Q-learning algorithm of the ADP model makes it easy that the algorithm gets through its earlier unstable phase more quickly and easily. During the implementation of the new holding approach, the past experiences of holding operations can be cumulated effectively into an artificial neural network used to approximate the unavailable Q-factor. The use of a detailed simulation system in the new approach makes it possible to take into account most of the possible causes of instability. The numerical experiments show that the new holding approach can stabilize the system by producing evenly distributed headway and removing bus bunching thoroughly. Compared with the terminal station holding strategies, the new method brings a more reliable bus line with shorter waiting times for passengers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our understanding of postnatal depression (PND), and in particular the emotional world of mothers who experience this, and the relational processes involved remain today quite limited. Indeed, what has been called "PND," likely as explored here a catch‐all term for a variety of composite states of mind, seems quite prevalent and likely too has a significant impact on both mother and baby, as well as on the wider figures and systems that are involved. This study used a psychoanalytically informed research method to access material that emerged around women's postnatal depressive experiences. Each of the six participants engaged in three interviews. The main themes that emerged were the following: (a) Starting on a bad note: difficult experiences in birth and breast‐feeding; (b) Support falling away: the absence of mother's support at key times in pregnancy and birth; (c) No space for mother's mind: the absence of space for processing experience in systems around women; and (d) Unwelcome familiar feelings: the contradictory responses evoked in motherhood. These themes are discussed in relation to their significance for our thinking about supports for mothers in the period prior to and following birth. Also discussed here is whether the technology of birth, important in safeguarding baby, may have reduced the space for mother's emotional well‐being in our systems of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the Macaca species, adult male Japanese macaques are the least likely to perform male care (i.e., affiliative interactions between adult males and immatures, including holding, carrying, and grooming); however, they perform male care for infants, albeit infrequently. We examined 17 cases of male care observed for the first time when the immature was younger than 1 year of age. Eleven of the 31 adult males who remained as central males during the 30-year observation period performed male care. Their age and dominance rank did not influence the occurrence of male care. Most cases were first recorded between the last part of the mating season and the first part of the birth season (January–March), whereas male care was rarely observed during the mating season (October–December). In 12 of the 17 cases, male care ceased within 6 months after the first observation, whereas in the remaining cases, it continued for at least 1 year. In 15 of the 17 cases, males tended to perform male care for matrilineally unrelated female infants of low-ranking mothers. In some cases, the male and infant mother showed grooming interactions for 6 months both before and after the start of male care, whereas such grooming interactions were never recorded either before or after the start of male care in other cases. We also examined some hypotheses on male–immature associations and the probable benefits that males and infants might acquire through male care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Volatile aromatic compounds present in olive oils extracted from Turkish olive cultivars including Edremit (Ayvalık) and Uslu were determined qualitatively. Materials and methods. The olives were harvested from Akhisar/Manisa region, which is one of most important Turkish olive-growing locations, at almost the same maturity stage by hand. Harvested olives were put in case and nylon sacks and were stored under the same conditions until they analyzed. Determination of the volatile aroma compounds were done with the aim of Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results and discussion. 46 different volatile compounds were identified. The inappropriate storage conditions of olives had a negative impact on the aroma profiles of oils. The most abundant compounds were hexanal, α-farnesene, dimethylpalmitamine, and α-Farnesene, 2-hexanal, hexanal in olive oils extracted from Edremit (Ayvalık) and Uslu varieties, respectively.1-Hexanol was mostly increased compound in Edremit olive oils extracted from olives stored at nylon sacks during 14 days. The increase of concentration of 2-hexanal during holding periods could be explained by the activity of the fungal enzymes in Lipoxygenase pathway of olive fruits. While 5-Hepten-2-one 6-methyl and 1-Butanol 3-methyl were not detected in Edremit and Uslu olive oils at initial day, they formed during both sack and box holding due to the microbial activity in olives. Three principal components (PCs) were extracted representing 81.27% of the total variance of olive oil samples extracted from Uslu cultivar and 80.14 % of the total variance of olive oil samples extracted from Edremit cultivar. The first PCs, PC1, PC2 and PC3 represented 45.15 and 41.31%, 21.90 and 21.39%, 14.21 and 17.43%, for Uslu and Edremit varieties, respectively. Conclusions. It is recommended to store olives at 5 °C in air conditioning boxes for at least 30 days to reduce fungal development and to maintain the desired aroma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigara construção do vínculo parento-filial na adoção tardia. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, com base nos dados obtidos por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada com uma mãe adotiva. Evidenciou-se a importância de a mãe se colocar disponível frente às necessidades da filha, permitindo que vivências anteriores à adoção fossem reparadas. A partir de uma leitura winnicottiana foi possível destacar que, assim como nos casos em que houve gestação biológica, os pais adotivos devem experienciar o estado de "preocupação materna primária", mesmo em momento tardio, oferecendo holding e funcionando como ambiente suficientemente bom para a criança. Constatou-se que mãe e filha se colocaram na relação, construindo o vínculo afetivo de forma mútua. O preparo dos pretendentes à adoção se mostrou essencial diante dos desafios do percurso de construção do vínculo parento-filial, sendo ressaltada a colaboração dos Grupos de Apoio à Adoção.

This essay emerged from my clinical experience of working psychoanalytically by remote means due to the pandemic of COVID‐19. During analytic listening, in the absence of bodily togetherness and in the presence of heightened anxiety about survival, I turned my attention inwardly towards the interior of my own body and made a spontaneous gesture of doodling. These two moves, mental and bodily, both unintentional and unconventional to my analytic training, restored my psychic aliveness and facilitated the process of analytic holding. I will reflect on this particular experience using Milner's concepts: framed gap and the analyst's concentration of the body, which I further conceptualize as 'visceral attention'. I consider it as a corporal counterpart of 'free‐floating attention'. It is my contention that the concept of visceral attention has a wider implication for analytic technique in the ordinary psychoanalytic setting when uncertainty prevails in psychoanalytic treatment and with patients whose predicament is marked by body–mind split. The essay explores an analogy between visceral attention and doodling to hold the analytic process at a non‐verbal level. The blank paper and blank inside of the body stand for the 'framed gap', the negative space for a new symbol to emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying and tracking equines are key activities in equine health prevention. France is one of the few European countries with an operational centralized database that records information on equines, owners, and keepers but not on the location and keeping conditions of equines. The objective of our study was to collect information on keeping habits of equines and the relative location of a wide range of equines, owners, and keepers and discuss their implication for surveillance and control of outbreak improvement. A national email survey was conducted among the 1.9% of people registered as owners and 8.2% of people registered as keepers in the French national equine identification database having given their agreement to be contacted by email. It led to the collection of information from 728 owners, 121 keepers, and 2,669 owner–keepers. Most of them housed their equines in a single commune (smallest geographic administrative unit in France) at their home as private individuals. The distance between the communes of residence and of holding was, in most cases (including 79% of owners in the owner survey, 89.5% of the keepers in the keeper survey, and about 94% of the owner–keepers in both surveys), less than 30 km. More than half of the keepers kept a maximum of five equines and the majority with two different uses/destinations together, mostly leisure-retirement, leisure-breeding, leisure-sport, and sport-breeding. The main limitation of the study was that a relatively limited number of people (n = 3518) were reachable due to the low availability of an email address and contact agreement. Nonetheless, the findings provide an overview of how equines are kept by non-professional owners and keepers and complements information usually collected by the French riding institute. Additionally, information collected is very helpful to determine a realistic estimate of the spatial distribution of equines in France. This information is very important for the equine sector, for demographic knowledge and also improvement of surveillance plans and control measures and for the management and monitoring of health events to limit the spread of diseases.