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7 results on '"HIGH-INCIDENCE AREA"'

1. Analysis of Lightning Disaster in Shaoyang City and Research on Its Defense Countermeasures.

Author

Chufeng WANG, Weiwei LV, Hexiang ZHU, and Depei ZOU

Subjects
*CITIES & towns, *METEOROLOGICAL observations, *MILITARY research, *INVESTIGATION reports, *SOCIAL impact
Abstract

The climate impact assessment and monthly and annual reports o£ surface meteorological observation of cities and counties were reviewed, and there were no records of lightning disasters in Shaoyang from 1978 to 2000. Since 2001, there have been few records of lightning disasters, with only about 10 times in various regions. In this paper, a total of 143 investigation reports on lightning accidents since 2002 were collected, and statistical analysis was conducted based on the loss, location of occurrence, damaged industries, and social impact. In particular, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning in Shaoyang area have been clearly understood, and the main characteristics and laws of lightning accidents in Shaoyang area were revealed. The results showed that the most lightning accidents occurred in June, and no lightning accidents occurred in December. Dongkou, Long- hui, and Shaoyang urban areas were the lightning prone areas, and the impact of lightning on agriculture was the largest, followed by commerce. The prevention countermeasures of lightning disasters were proposed to provide reference for disaster prevention and reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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2. Comparison of Survival Status and Related Risk Factors of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Between High- and Low-incidence Areas of ESCC

Author

HU Shoujia, FAN Zongmin, YUE Wenbin, CHEN Peinan, LI Xiumin, LI Jilin, HAN Shaohua, WANG Wei, YIN Yanchun, SONG Xin, ZHAO Xueke, WANG Jianpo, and WANG Lidong

Subjects
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, high-incidence area, low-incidence area, survival, risk factor, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Objective To compare the survival condition and related risk factors of the patients with ESCC between high-incidence area (HIA) and low-incidence area (LIA) of ESCC. Methods We collected the data of 38741 ESCC patients confirmed by pathology, among which, 23273 cases (60.1%) were from HIA and 15468 cases (39.9%) were from LIA. All patients underwent radical esophagectomy. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences between groups of the patients with different clinicopathological characteristics, and Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw and Log rank test was used to assess the survival curves of the patients. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the main influencing factors of survival. Results The proportion of male patients in LIA was higher than that in HIA (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients ≥50 years old in LIA was also higher than that in HIA (P < 0.001). ESCC patients in HIA had obviously better overall survival than patients in LIA (P < 0.001). HIA/LIA, gender, age at diagnosis, tumor location, differentiation, TNM stage and family history were independent factors for the survival of ESCC patients. Conclusion ESCC patients in HIA have obviously higher overall survival than those in LIA. LIA is an independent risk factor for poor survival of ESCC patients.

Published
2019
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3. Association between polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and GSTM1 genes, and smoking, alcohol and upper digestive tract carcinomas in a high-incidence area of northern China.

Author

Zhao, Fang, Su, Jing-Fen, Lun, Shu-Min, Hou, Yong-Jie, Duan, Li-Juan, Wang, Neng-Chao, Shen, Fang-Fang, Zhang, Yao-Wen, Gao, Zhao-Wei, Li, Jing, Du, Xian-Juan, and Zhou, Fu-You

Subjects
*ALIMENTARY canal, *ALCOHOL drinking, *GENOTYPE-environment interaction, *SMOKING, *ESOPHAGEAL cancer
Abstract

Metabolic gene variants, smoking, and alcohol consumption are important upper digestive tract cancer (UDTC) risk factors. However, the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions remain unclear. A case-control study in a high incidence area for upper digestive tract cancer was conducted in China. DNA was extracted from buffy coat samples for PCR or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Smoking and alcohol drinking status was determined by questionnaires. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the associations. After adjusting for confounding factors, smoking increased esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cardia cancer (GCC) and gastric antral carcinoma (GAC) risk by 3.594, 4.658, and 3.999-fold, respectively. Alcohol consumption increased EC, GCC and GAC risk by 1.953, 2.442 and 1.765-fold, respectively. The cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) rs4646903 T>C polymorphism increased GCC risk, the cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) rs2031920 C>T polymorphism increased EC risk, while the GSTM1 null genotype decreased EC risk. An association existed between the following: CYP1A1 rs4646903 and smoking in EC, GCC and GAC; CYP1A1 rs4646903 and alcohol consumption in EC and GCC; CYP2E1 rs2031920 and smoking in EC, GCC and GAC and CYP2E1 rs2031920 and alcohol consumption in EC and GCC. No association was observed between CYP1A1 and CYP2E1. The glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) null genotype decreased EC risk (OR=0.510). Smoking/drinking are upper digestive tract cancer risk factors. The CYP1A1 rs4646903 and CYP2E1 rs2031920 polymorphisms were risk factors of GCC or EC, and the GSTM1 null genotype may serve a protective role against EC. The results of the present study indicated that gene-environment interactions increase the risk of UDTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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4. Epstein-Barr virus and mismatch repair deficiency status differ between oesophageal and gastric cancer

Subjects
HIGH-INCIDENCE AREA, Epsteine-Barr virus, Oesophageal cancer, DNA mismatch repair, COLON-CANCER, NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER, RANDOMIZED PHASE-3 TRIAL, OPEN-LABEL, PD-1 BLOCKADE, DOUBLE-BLIND, MICROSATELLITE-INSTABILITY, Microsatellite instability, SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES, Gastric cancer
Abstract

Background: Oesophageal (OeC) and gastric (GC) cancer patients are treated with similar multimodal therapy and have poor survival. There remains an urgent clinical need to identify biomarkers to individualise patient management and improve outcomes. Therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising results in other cancers. Proposed biomarkers to predict potential response to immune checkpoint inhibitors include DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and/ or EpsteineBarr virus (EBV) status. The aim of this study was to establish and compare EBV status and MMR status in large multi-centre series of OeC and GC. Methods: EBV was assessed by EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridisation and MMR protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 988 OeC and 1213 GC from multiple centres. In a subset of OeC, microsatellite instability (MSI) was tested in parallel with MMR IHC. Results: Frequency of MMR deficiency (MMRdef) and MSI was low in OeC (0.8% and 0.6%, respectively) compared with GC (10.3%). None of the OeCs were EBER positive in contrast to 4.8% EBER positive GC. EBV positive GC patients were younger (p = 0.01), more often male (p = 0.001) and had a better overall survival (p = 0.012). MMRdef GC patients were older (p = 0.001) and showed more often intestinal-type histology (p = 0.022). Conclusions: This is the largest study to date indicating that EBV and MMRdef do not play a role in OeC carcinogenesis in contrast to GC. The potential clinical usefulness of determining MMRdef/EBV status to screen patients for eligibility for immune-targeting therapy differs between OeC and GC patients. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2018

6. Association between polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, CYP2E1 and GSTM1 genes, and smoking, alcohol and upper digestive tract carcinomas in a high‑incidence area of northern China

Author

Fang‑Fang Shen, Shu‑Min Lun, Li‑Juan Duan, Jing Li, Yao‑Wen Zhang, Fu‑You Zhou, Fang Zhao, Neng‑Chao Wang, Yong‑Jie Hou, Zhao‑Wei Gao, Xian‑Juan Du, and Jing‑Fen Su

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, gene polymorphism, Gastroenterology, smoking, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Genotype, Carcinoma, medicine, upper digestive cancer, business.industry, Confounding, high-incidence area, Articles, Odds ratio, Esophageal cancer, CYP2E1, medicine.disease, alcohol drinking, Confidence interval, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Gene polymorphism, business
Abstract

Metabolic gene variants, smoking, and alcohol consumption are important upper digestive tract cancer (UDTC) risk factors. However, the gene-gene and gene-environment interactions remain unclear. A case-control study in a high incidence area for upper digestive tract cancer was conducted in China. DNA was extracted from buffy coat samples for PCR or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Smoking and alcohol drinking status was determined by questionnaires. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the associations. After adjusting for confounding factors, smoking increased esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cardia cancer (GCC) and gastric antral carcinoma (GAC) risk by 3.594, 4.658, and 3.999-fold, respectively. Alcohol consumption increased EC, GCC and GAC risk by 1.953, 2.442 and 1.765-fold, respectively. The cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) rs4646903 T>C polymorphism increased GCC risk, the cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) rs2031920 C>T polymorphism increased EC risk, while the GSTM1 null genotype decreased EC risk. An association existed between the following: CYP1A1 rs4646903 and smoking in EC, GCC and GAC; CYP1A1 rs4646903 and alcohol consumption in EC and GCC; CYP2E1 rs2031920 and smoking in EC, GCC and GAC and CYP2E1 rs2031920 and alcohol consumption in EC and GCC. No association was observed between CYP1A1 and CYP2E1. The glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) null genotype decreased EC risk (OR=0.510). Smoking/drinking are upper digestive tract cancer risk factors. The CYP1A1 rs4646903 and CYP2E1 rs2031920 polymorphisms were risk factors of GCC or EC, and the GSTM1 null genotype may serve a protective role against EC. The results of the present study indicated that gene-environment interactions increase the risk of UDTC.

Published
2019

7. Epstein-Barr virus and mismatch repair deficiency status differ between oesophageal and gastric cancer: A large multi-centre study

Author

Hewitt, Lindsay C., Inam, Imran Z., Saito, Yuichi, Yoshikawa, Takaki, Quaas, Alexander, Hölscher, Arnulf H., Bollschweiler, Elfriede, Fazzi, Gregorio E., Melotte, Veerle, Langley, Ruth Elizabeth, Nankivell, Matthew, Cunningham, David, Allum, William, Hutchins, Gordon G., Grabsch, Heike Irmgard, Clinical Genetics, Promovendi ODB, Pathologie, and RS: GROW - R2 - Basic and Translational Cancer Biology

Subjects
HIGH-INCIDENCE AREA, Epsteine-Barr virus, Oesophageal cancer, DNA mismatch repair, COLON-CANCER, NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER, RANDOMIZED PHASE-3 TRIAL, OPEN-LABEL, PD-1 BLOCKADE, DOUBLE-BLIND, MICROSATELLITE-INSTABILITY, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Microsatellite instability, ddc:610, SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES, Gastric cancer
Abstract

Background: Oesophageal (OeC) and gastric (GC) cancer patients are treated with similar multimodal therapy and have poor survival. There remains an urgent clinical need to identify biomarkers to individualise patient management and improve outcomes. Therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising results in other cancers. Proposed biomarkers to predict potential response to immune checkpoint inhibitors include DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and/ or EpsteineBarr virus (EBV) status. The aim of this study was to establish and compare EBV status and MMR status in large multi-centre series of OeC and GC. Methods: EBV was assessed by EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridisation and MMR protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 988 OeC and 1213 GC from multiple centres. In a subset of OeC, microsatellite instability (MSI) was tested in parallel with MMR IHC. Results: Frequency of MMR deficiency (MMRdef) and MSI was low in OeC (0.8% and 0.6%, respectively) compared with GC (10.3%). None of the OeCs were EBER positive in contrast to 4.8% EBER positive GC. EBV positive GC patients were younger (p = 0.01), more often male (p = 0.001) and had a better overall survival (p = 0.012). MMRdef GC patients were older (p = 0.001) and showed more often intestinal-type histology (p = 0.022). Conclusions: This is the largest study to date indicating that EBV and MMRdef do not play a role in OeC carcinogenesis in contrast to GC. The potential clinical usefulness of determining MMRdef/EBV status to screen patients for eligibility for immune-targeting therapy differs between OeC and GC patients. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2018

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