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Educational technology integration within higher education has significantly changed the teaching and learning environments. However, the theoretical foundations guiding these changes, particularly connectivism theory, suggest that learning occurs through networks facilitated by digital technology and has not been fully developed. Despite its relevance in the digital age, connectivism has faced criticism and skepticism due to a lack of empirical support. This hermeneutic phenomenological study seeks to explore the experiences of educators in higher education to provide empirical evidence for expanding the theoretical foundations of connectivism. Through indepth interviews, focus groups, and the analysis of letter-writing activities, this research investigates how educators perceive and anticipate the evolution of teaching methods in response to technological advancements and the increasing focus on connectivism in higher education. The study employs a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to interpret these experiences, linking them to the fundamental principles of connectivism learning as a networked process, distributed knowledge, and the role of digital technology in knowledge creation. The findings suggest that educational technology facilitates meaningful connections between learners, which fosters a networked learning environment that aligns with connectivism theory. The study also reveals gaps in the theory, particularly in addressing emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and personalized learning platforms. Building on these lived experiences, this research proposes an expanded version of connectivism as a significant contribution supported by empirical evidence from higher education contexts. The study provides implications for educators, administrators, and policymakers in leveraging educational technology effectively and offers theoretical advancements for understanding learning in the digital age.

A cancer diagnosis enlivens the question of what it means to live well with the Earth and its multidimensional beings, including the children I teach. A cancer diagnosis provides a necessary push to step out from the confines of a self and toward and into the wild fray of this life. I interpret my lived experiences through the practical philosophy of hermeneutics. Hermeneutics has helped me perform and write my lived experience, which I hope will draw in readers and listeners to a recognition of their inescapable ecological interdependence. Cultivating an ability to listen and interpret the world and the human and more-than-human kinships is important to me. Listening to words that children speak helps me learn to be open to the fullness of life, how life is lived, how life can be remembered and suffered and let go. I am gathering sense of being in the world and of understanding the offering that arrives when I nurture a commitment to care for the Earth.

This study aimed to interpret and describe students' mathematical thinking processes of non-routine mathematical problems that were solved based on didactic situation theory. This study uses a qualitative method, a phenomenological hermeneutics study for grade 8 students at a junior high school in Banda Aceh in the 2021-2022 academic year. Research data obtained through data were collected using instruments, namely written tests based on the didactic mathematical situation theory framework, structured observation, documentation, and clinical interviews carried out after the action. The results of the study show that the students' mathematical thinking processes in the critical reflection category can reach the convincing stage with algebraic arguments in validation situations. Subjects in the explicit reflection category can reach the convincing stage by providing arithmetic arguments in validation situations. Meanwhile, the category of students who cannot solve problems and can only specialize by giving examples of what is being asked. Students in this category have difficulty identifying relevant patterns and formulating the mathematical models needed to solve the problems. To support students in developing the level of mathematical thinking, the teacher can present contextual problems that are in accordance with the level of student thinking, can predict possible responses or ways of thinking of students to the problems given and present problems according to the structure of the concept sequence and the functional order of students' thinking. To support students in algebraic thinking category, teachers can start learning by presenting contextual problems that are easily recognized by students, then expand that context in symbolic form.

In recent years, the profusion of methodologies available to teachers, thanks to the advancement of emerging and converging technologies, has created significant educational opportunities, but it also poses new challenges. Among these is the need to train teachers to exercise solid pedagogical judgment when implementing these approaches in the classrooms. One of the difficulties in making these critical judgments is the introduction of commercial terms into academic discourses, which hinder the thinking and assessment of these advancements from an educational standpoint. Therefore, the objective of this research is to reclaim the educational meaning of certain concepts necessary to contemplate these emerging technical and pedagogical methods in the realm of higher education in the face of the reconfigurations these terms have undergone due to the influence of economic ideas introduced by supranational organizations into the collective educational imagination. With this goal in mind, three documents from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development under the "Horizon 2030" program are first analyzed to identify ideas and concepts that have been integrated into academic discourses. Subsequently, from a hermeneutic-interpretative perspective, the meaning of these terms is revisited from the university philosophy and pedagogy standpoint. The results of this research enable an understanding of the authentic educational significance of words like new, valuable, critical, democratization, active, autonomy, or study, among others, which are essential to approach emerging methodological advances and technological approaches from an educational perspective, detached from economic considerations.

Transformative learning in teacher education qualitatively changes future teachers' meaning systems of learning, teaching, and education. In this study, I explored transformative learning in Finnish class teacher education. Data were collected by observing student teachers over two academic years. Data also contains writings that student teachers produced during that period. A phenomenological analysis focused on the general characteristics of the transformative way of becoming a teacher and identified a process consisting of four phases: starting point, crack, ambivalence, and transformation. A hermeneutic analysis was used to interpret how the process occurred in practice. The results suggest a long and ambivalent process, which challenges educational policy discourses that emphasize efficiency and speed.

Addressing calls to develop assessment theories for integrated teaching and learning, we propose an evidence-informed perspective on grading in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) education. We leveraged a qualitative collective case study design to generate rich profiles of three exemplary STEAM teachers' grading approaches and practices. Data sources included semi-structured interviews and artefacts of teachers' instruction and assessment practice. We analysed qualitative data from interviews and artefacts using a general inductive approach. The teachers in our study pushed back against 'objective' views of grading, whereby grades are composites of summative assessments, in favour of informed and contextualised grading, which aims to document and support a negotiated understanding of each student's learning journey. Teachers' grading practices aligned with a hermeneutic approach to classroom assessment validity: the teachers (a) collected and interpreted a wide range of evidence of student (re)learning; (b) centred students' perspectives and evidences; and (c) employed their professional judgement to determine students' grades. Teachers characterised grading as a process of accounting for all available evidence, blurring the boundaries between formative and summative assessment. Documenting the learning process, rather than focusing on products, can support deeply integrated learning. Importantly, the teachers supported students in documenting their own learning and negotiating their grades with reference to self-generated evidence. This practice stands to reduce power imbalances between students and teachers and foster students' self-regulated learning. Our findings inform a framework which STEAM educators can use to guide grading in integrated classrooms, an enduring challenge for integrated learning.

In this paper, the author explores the prospect of, and the rationale for, the "critical workplace information literacy" (CWIL) construct, by situating it at the junction of critical information literacy (CIL) and workplace information literacy (WIL), the two hitherto discrete frameworks and subdomains of information literacy (IL). This preliminary attempt at the conceptualisation of a new construct was guided by the question of what role CIL can play in empowering workers to attain decent work. The author frames the conceptualisation around the 'decent work' (DW) concept, as a normative goal of the critical workplace information literacy construct, and discusses the rationale for it in the framework of the discussion on the decent work deficits in the contemporary work and information environment. Freire's critical hermeneutics and dialectics of voice and empowerment are drawn upon. The paper argues positively for the role of CIL in attaining decent work and for the need for a new construct that would help fill the knowledge and discursive gap in IL and its subdomains and overcome the current silos in the IL community. The author concludes that developing a concept requires a broad deliberative process informed by both theoretical and empirical research, and gives suggestions for future research.

This article presents the Holistic Empowering Methodological Approach (HEMA), which is philosophically informed by the concept of diversity by design; epistemologically and methodologically guided by hermeneutic phenomenology; and supported by the method of qualitative survey combined with the Single Question Aimed at Inducing Narrative (SQUIN) technique. This is a methodological conceptual article whereby the development and application of the HEMA is illustrated through the study that examined the learning and professional development experiences of disabled and neurodiverse PhD students in library and information science (LIS) programs amid the lingering COVID-19 pandemic and explored their academic lifeworlds. The article critically assesses the merits and shortcomings of the HEMA and provides other researchers with a roadmap for replicating the HEMA in every phase of research: from brainstorming to the selection of methods, to data collection, analysis, interpretation, and reporting. In so doing, the article also strives to reaffirm the vitality of rigorous qualitative methodology in studying underresearched, minoritized, and marginalized communities. From the scholarly worldview to specific methodological choices, this framework advocates for the type of research that puts participants in the "driver's seat," giving them agency and providing the opportunity for self-definition and self-determination. The nuanced presentation of a holistic methodological approach, with particular attention paid to the issues of methodological rigor and quality control, will be of benefit to both beginner and seasoned researchers and can serve as an educational aid in research methods courses and dissertation supervision.

This paper is a combination of a grandfather's musings over his grandson's drawings, combined with a reconsideration of hermeneutics as an early childhood educational theory.

To English educators and researchers, having a good grasp of what a language is and how language learning takes place is important. To a certain extent, surveying language study development is a good start to achieving the goal. This article is the second part of a literature review summarizing language studies taking place along the history of philosophy that has lasted for 26 centuries, starting from ancient Greek to the postmodern era. This part includes language studies conducted in Renaissance Period up to the Postmodern Age. Data was collected by surveying relevant and credible textbooks and scientific articles. The findings reveal that unlike language studies in Ancient Greek up to the Middle Ages that focused on various paradigms related to the nature of language and microlinguistic concepts, the studies in the era of modern philosophy focus on the relationship between language and users and the world. Overall, the changes in the focus of language studies over the 26 centuries indicate that the study of language will keep on going on and on because language is a symbiotic organism that continues to change along with the changes in thinking, experience, life, and human culture as the host of the symbiosis between language and humans.

In 2017, a new core curriculum was implemented in Norwegian primary and secondary education, replacing the core curriculum from 1997. While the concept of "danning" is present in both curricula, its meaning and use seem to change. The concept of "danning" has a played a significant role in Norwegian society and educational history. Danning has been linked to the establishment of Norwegian democracy, in which education plays an important role. Since the 19th century, the meaning of the concept has been subject to change, corresponding to historical changes, yet the word itself continues to be part of the Norwegian educational rhetoric and national curriculum. This means that conversations about "danning" may not be fruitful because the participants attach different meanings to the same concept. Thus, a study of how "danning" has been used and how it is used today is warranted. Through an analysis of two Norwegian curricula, from 1997 and 2017, we find changes in the perception of "danning" and in its role as an educational concept in Norwegian education. We argue that "danning" goes from being understood as a result-oriented, social and democratic concept in 1997 to being seen as an individualistic process in pursuit of certain personal characteristics, without its former social component, in 2017. This indicates a fragmentation of "danning."

In this paper, this theme of the open question is offered as a hermeneutical approach to problem-based learning. Most of the scientific literature on problem-based learning is in the realm of the behavioral-sciences. To the extent that the latter becomes the exclusive focus of research on problem-based learning, there is a risk of instrumentalization. The hermeneutical approach of this paper is meant to complement this field of research. The subjects of humanities research are not directly available to a humanities scholar, at least not in the way experimental subjects are to a natural scientist. This is Wilhelm Dilthey's epoch-making understanding of the humanities in a nutshell. Philosophical anthropologist Helmuth Plessner, drawing on Dilthey, extends this insight to the historicity of human existence as such, summarizing the latter as an 'open question' that is always impressing itself upon us as human beings, but which at the same time cannot be answered definitively. It is through this process of asking and answering that we leave behind a history in the first place. I use these arguments to show that the theme of the open question yields a series of interconnected educational insights: notably the importance of subjectification, the social and historical context within which education necessarily takes place, and the construction of new knowledge and experience. These educational insights are rendered explicit and put into practice in problem-based learning. I hope in this way to develop a research perspective on problem-based learning as not only a set of behaviors, but as the scene of meaningful action.

Teachers in managing their class has always something to recount about their positive and negative experiences that usually occurred in the classroom. These positive and negative experiences affected the holistic disposition of teachers thus, in every small group discussion -- both formal and informal, their predicaments regarding their experiences on class management were the primary topic. For this reason, this hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative study focuses on the experiences of the teachers and reflect upon the lived experiences of teachers in class management. This study utilized the criterion sampling where ten participants were selected from the teachers of Grade 7 to Grade 10. The data were gathered using semi-structured interview and were analyzed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The findings of this study demonstrated that teachers were bombarded with problems which cause them to lose their patience. These problems were on the behavior of the students. However, teachers recognized their role in the classroom and provided insightful innovation on combatting the problematic behavior of the students. Considering the management strategy and the personality of the teacher, they were able to realize that even if teaching is a tedious and arduous profession, teachers were still grateful because of their inspiration imparted, happy memories collected, and self-development gained from a fruitful experience in class management.

Purpose: This article provides an exploration of the internal relationship between ethics and pedagogy in early childhood education and care (ECEC). It aims at a clarification of the interrelationships between political and administrative government, the absence/presence of a pedagogical foundation, and the need for a code of ethics. Design/Approach/Methods: The overall approach is hermeneutic and combines interpretations of a narrative research project, a review of recent developments in ECEC in Denmark, and the search for a theoretical conceptualization of a pedagogical foundation for ECEC. Findings: ECEC as a pedagogical practice needs a pedagogical foundation. If a foundation is vivid and a clear reference for practice, a separate code of ethical conduct might be superfluous. Nevertheless, such a code can be indispensable if ECEC governance is outcome-oriented and reduces practice to technique. Originality/Value: The study includes a discussion of the central European tradition for human science pedagogy and argues for the relevance of insights from this tradition in pedagogical foundations for ECEC. The study combines an empirical study of knowledge at play in ECEC and of specific developments in Danish ECEC with original philosophical, pedagogical, and conceptual reflections and results in a more precise indication of the relationship between ECEC government, pedagogy, and ethics.

This article explores principles of teaching and learning found within the "Bhagavad Gita", a sacred Hindu text. After an in-depth thematic hermeneutic analysis of two translations of the text, we found eight themes, including the disciple's role: questioning and emulating the "Guru"; the "Guru's" role: teaching as the supreme act of love; learning as Enlightenment; ultimate Self-knowledge as Self-realization; taming the mind through meditation; action superseding inaction in learning; devotion and effort as prerequisites to learning; and detachment from the outcomes of learning. Among our most prominent findings are insights regarding teacher and learner motivation and the centrality of effort to learning. We hope this paper adds to scholarly conversation surrounding the "Gita" and enriches education philosophy generally.

In the article, 'Agreed Syllabi and Un-Agreed Values: Religious Education and Missed Opportunities for Fostering Social Cohesion', Panjwani (2005) presented a case study of Muslim representation in the selected agreed syllabi and RE textbooks in England and Wales. The present article aims to provide a rear-mirror view, reviewing the representation of Islam and Muslims in the agreed syllabi, examining the trends since the 2005 article and offering curricular approaches that can lead to a way forward. During this period, Islam and Muslim representations remain a public concern and its teaching and learning continue to be a matter of debate and reflection in Europe and elsewhere. The paper starts by outlining some pedagogical movements within Religious Education (RE), of which Islam is a part, that have gone through several developments in recent decades. These new directions to approach the study of religion include the understanding of religion as a concept category, religious literacy and hermeneutical approach. Drawing upon these approaches, the later part of the paper reviews selected textbooks and agreed syllabi and proposes a way forward in light of the recent developments in the field.

The main aim of this research is to present an evaluation tool for the Network of Schools for Sustainability in Catalonia, which comprises 18 networks with more than 1400 schools. The secondary aim is to reflect on the construction process conducted. The tool was constructed following the tenets of constructivist evaluation by Guba and Lincoln, which is characterized by the engagement of multiple voices from a range of stakeholders, using a consecutive hermeneutic dialectical process, understood as a negotiation among participants. To ensure these processes, in the construction of the tool the fourth authenticity evaluation criteria were followed. The main outcome of the project is an evaluation tool composed of 25 criteria which are divided into 5 dimensions: Structure of the Network, Training Offering, Collaboration with External Stakeholders, Guidance of the Networks and Communication. Some transversal areas could be seen in the tool, such as the role of evaluation and the involvement of stakeholders from the school, which represent areas of special relevance for the participants in the process.

This study, conducted in Iran, examined English teachers' experience of authenticity, as the performative dimension of authentication, through a conceptual framework revolving around Durchsichtig (seeing through) and Handeln (action). Data were collected via big and small stories, and were hermeneutically analysed. Authenticity was seen through acknowledging marginalising relations, which were modified through coming out and cultivating transcultural identities, whereby a possibility of a third space of hybridity, agency, and in-betweenness was created. As findings revealed, challenging essentialist large-culture blocks such as nativeness, a transcultural flow calls for a space to challenge the fixed categorisation of culture and identity in education.

Two women scholars (Khmer and Black) explore how our subjectivities as researchers influence how we understand, give honor to, and (re)present our participants' experiences in ways that value their humanity. Through phenomenological methods and poetic transcription, we seek more nuanced, creative, and powerful ways of positioning participants' critical agency and highlighting the essence of their racialized experiences. In conceptualizing how qualitative researchers can integrate their positions and subjectivities into the research process as an asset, we identify the significant contributions our perspectives make when more thoughtfully incorporated with the lives and stories of our participants.

This essay builds upon previous work introducing the hermeneutic of Divine relationship, a lens by which systemically oriented Christian therapists can begin to understand the connections between the relational nature of God and their systemic worldview. Specifically, we explore what liberation theology has to offer each of the five domains of the hermeneutic of Divine relationship (i.e., God's nature, human nature, sin and suffering, reconciliation, and hope) and by doing so demonstrate how a revisioning of the hermeneutic of Divine relationship through a liberation theology lens helps move the hermeneutic forward in its ability to aid all systemically oriented Christian therapists with their personal and professional integration. Additionally, this essay explores what a training course on the hermeneutic of Divine relationship could look like and presents a prototype curriculum for training on the hermeneutic of Divine relationship and personal/professional integration for systemically oriented Christian therapists.

This article examines the representation of Islam in four of the most popular and current Religious Education textbooks in England. The aim is to identify the extent to which the curriculum content is aligned with the aims of Religious Education in England. The textbooks content is reviewed using three frameworks available in literature, two of which are directly related to analysing textbooks on Islam while the third is a general set of curriculum guidelines on making textbook content inclusive. Based on examples extracted from the textbooks, it is argued that the representation of Islam in the curriculum lacks diversity, is stereotypical and promotes an essentialised view about Islam as a religion. The article further uses the case study of "jihad" to propose the use of hermeneutical approach in writing curriculum content about Islam using sources of authority and historical and literary perspectives to combat the issue of monolithic, absolutist, and fossilised representation of Islam in textbooks.

Collegiate environments that aim to support equitable learning are rarely conceptualized and studied in a manner that is explicitly relational and structural, leaving room for theorizing about how social constructions of meaning and power operate on campus. We apply social network theory and methods to campus ecological frameworks to develop a campus ecological network model. Rather than focusing on sets of individuals, a network oriented stance traces the relationships of multiple individuals to uncover the latent structure of social boundaries that cannot be observed from a single perspective. Network specification facilitates the study of students' dynamic micro- and mesosystem construction where relational learning is supported or bounded. We also add modality as a relational feature across levels to account for physical and virtual connections. We illustrate the model with examples of learning, identity negotiation, and boundary crossing to describe how network perspectives can inform both research on and the practice of creating learning environments. Our approach illuminates how power operates through relationships and how, even when students participate in programming and interventions that are designed to foster engagement and persistence, unequal opportunities and outcomes can result.

Hermeneutical religious positions among Muslim educators vary in flexibility and openness to critical thought. Those within a school community may disagree on how Islam should be interpreted and practiced. In the light of this, who determines which expressions of the faith are acceptable in particular locations, and how? And what messages do these processes send to students? Based on 18 months of ethnographic research at a K-12 Islamic school in the midwestern United States, this paper describes conflict-ridden instances in which school faculty subtly communicated interpretive norms through implication or example. These demonstrate select ways that distinct approaches to Islam were constructed and contested within the community.

This paper contributes to the ongoing debate surrounding the place of 'worldviews' in Religious Education. We examine the British Commission on Religious Education proposal that the subject be renamed 'Religions and Worldviews' from the perspective of Worldview Theory and Critical Religious Education and make the following suggestions: (a) the twin notion of 'ultimate nature of reality' and 'our place in the 'ultimate order-of things' provides a substantial content for RE largely absent from the Commission's vision; (b) worldviews are frequently implicit rather than explicitly affirmed in religious creeds and philosophical assertions; (c) worldviews are complex, interpersonal and take varying communal forms, surpassing the polarity of 'personal' and 'institutional'; (d) the concept of 'worldview' has pedagogic and hermeneutical potential transcending content-driven curriculum development.

The curriculum work of teachers is understood and conceptualised in different ways. A prevalent view is that teachers are an integral part of a system of transmission and their work with curriculum essentially a technical exercise. Some form of this view seems to be assumed by policymakers, parents and at least some teachers. However, when this same work is considered from the perspective of interpretation theory or 'hermeneutics', a contrasting picture emerges. Rather than positioning teachers as relays of explicit information, interpretation theory alerts us to the complexities and uncertainties inherent in the reading, appreciation and application of texts. On this view, meaning is not stable but transformed through interpretation, and the process itself has no definite end point. Interpretation theory thus undermines major assumptions of the technical-transmission understanding of curriculum work. In this paper, the potential contribution of this body of theory to illuminating curriculum work is explored. Noting that hermeneutics is a vast area of study, a selection of concepts will be made that demonstrates some of these insights. The exploration will yield both critical and generative contributions to curriculum theory. The way hermeneutics undermines the transmission view of teachers' curriculum work will become clear, and at the same time, the inherent creativity of curriculum interpretation becomes an inescapable feature of teacher expertise that could be celebrated rather than neglected, denied or repressed. A hermeneutic analysis of curriculum work thus has implications for what teachers know and do and for their role in contemporary society.

Informed by a combined framework of 'translanguaging' and 'epistemic injustice', this paper examines how a group of teachers and students from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds negotiated their knowledge participation through translanguaging in an English medium instruction (EMI) degree program at a Chinese university. Data were collected over a 12-month classroom ethnography, including lesson recordings, stimulated recalls, and reflexive journals. A thematic analysis of the data reveals that transnational teachers and students actively employed translanguaging to challenge the prevailing hegemony of Western thinking and knowing in the EMI environment. We identified three key translanguaging capacities that facilitated transformative knowledge negotiation: (1) counteracting testimonial injustice; (2) providing hermeneutical resources; and (3) enhancing the sensitivity of trans-epistemic practices. Our study attests to the value of translanguaging as a transformative strategy to generate epistemic access for transnational students engaged in EMI learning, informing efforts to foster educational equity in the internationalization of higher education and to empower transnational teachers and students to reclaim their epistemic contribution capacities in the EMI context.

In this article, we delve into a hermeneutic process that analyzes the term "Computational Thinking" as it was constructed through Wing's series of iterations in conceptualization attempts (2006, 2008, 2011 and 2014). On the one hand, this brings us to analyze the relations and intersections between different process of thought (analytical, logical, mathematical, system, engineering, algorithmic) and the role of search for simplicity, generalization, and scalability in the layers of abstraction in Computational Thinking. On the other hand, we explore the roots and the discursive environment of authors that could contribute to this conceptualizing process in the years around its popularization following Jeannette Wing's founding article in 2006. We have also included in our analysis the points of convergence with Seymour Papert's work related to the computer-machine seen as an "object-to-think-with" helping to the construction of knowledge from an epistemological perspective to the computing-human. Even though a consensus on the definition of the concept has not yet been encountered, the analysis helps to highlight the solid reference points that address what is at the core of Computational thinking and what should be the framework of educational interventions and research that revolve around it.

This research paper explores the effects of promoting empowerment in the key stage three history curriculum. For this research the term 'empowerment' relates to engaging pupils, enlightening them to the world around them and encouraging them to use their voices. Through applying an empowering approach to the history curriculum we can teach pupils the historic challenges that people have faced which help explain current issues, and educate pupils on how and why to use their voices.

In response to the issue of Chinese language teacher attrition in Myanmar, this study aimed to examine the professional commitment of these teachers, with a focus on how their commitment is constructed and shaped within the local context. The study adopted a theoretical lens of positive psychology and utilized a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews in which 10 participants shared their life stories. Thematic analysis was then conducted to identify key themes. The study proposed a positive-psychology-informed model with motivation, meaning, and perseverance as the three key components that interact with each other to jointly shape teachers' professional commitment. In particular, motivation to teach is a precondition, the meaning-making process functions as reinforcement, and perseverance in coping with adverse situations is the ultimate embodiment of teachers' professional commitment. A common feature underlying this model has been traces of the teachers' positive emotions, attitudes, and values. Furthermore, the study approached Chinese language teachers' professional commitment in the situated context at cultural, societal, and institutional levels. The study yields theoretical implications for understanding teacher commitment and offers practical insights for addressing the issue of attrition among Chinese language teachers in Myanmar and similar contexts.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate student mentors' perceptions of peer mentor relationships in a health professions education program. Design/methodology/approach: The design uses embodied hermeneutic phenomenology. The data comprise 10 participant interviews and visual "body maps" produced in response to guided questions. Findings: The findings about student mentors' perceptions of peer mentor relationships include a core theme of nurturing a trusting learning community and five related themes of attunement to mentees, commonality of experiences, friends with boundaries, reciprocity in learning and varied learning spaces. Originality/value: The study contributes original insights by highlighting complexity, shifting boundaries, liminality, embodied social understanding and trusting intersubjective relations as key considerations in student peer mentor relationships.

This paper considers reading a hermeneutical co-respondence with understanding's becoming. It describes how understanding's plurality is caught up in the dialogical interplay of reading, rhetoric, and rhythm characteristic of hermeneutic engagement. Reading positions a reader in relationship with a text seeking participation in the matter under consideration. As such, its potential for creating new understanding lies in a reader's ability to attend to unfamiliar forms of expression and engage with the speculative nature of sense and sense-making. Rather than reduce hermeneutic practice to an unmoored relativism, reading hermeneutically fosters a radical responsibility that comes with the uncertain and difficult labor of speculative thinking.

Given the hegemony of developmentalism in early childhood education and care, this article uses a poetic juxtapositional approach to bewilder Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Critical consideration of how the theory of cognitive development has contributed to the imagining of a universal, ahistorical child and childhood(s) are discussed and analysed whilst providing a rationale for a more complex and nuanced understanding of how children develop, drawing on the theoretical concept of clocking practices. This paper analyses data from Piaget's writing in 'The Origins of Intelligence in Children' and micro-ethical events from research with children, teachers, families from an affirmative diffractive stance through the lens of bewilderment. Creative poetic vignettes are included which encourage readers to unsettle dominant and deficit assumptions made about children and their abilities, framed by Piagetian theory. The insights are shared via three propositions: following learning experiences of and with children requires openness, forms of resistance to linear understandings of time are generative, and resist the desire to chase secure meanings and intentions. These propositions and the corresponding questions offer possibilities for seeing children's ideas and contributions through a capability-oriented lens.

This article seeks to engage the often-overlooked voices of mothers and daughters in the face of patriarchal dominance. Conversations between mothers and daughters are important spaces for the exploration of faith experiences and provide transformative power. Through these conversations, the practice of story-linking comes to life, enabling re-listening to and re-telling Christian faith stories in the Bible entrenched in church tradition. This endeavor promotes a life-affirming approach to transformative learning. Reflecting on these conversations, this study contributes to Christian religious education within the family context, casting ripples of transformation throughout the church and society.

Background: Interprofessional education represents an opportunity for healthcare and design students to deepen their understanding of users and enhance skill development through collaborative experiences. Embedding these collaborative experiences within entire curricula moves the notion of experiential learning from stand-alone projects towards the nuanced learning opportunities only available with sustained regular contact. Methods: Occupational therapy doctoral students were integrated into two cohorts of Master of Industrial Design (MSID) student courses for one academic year. Interviews were conducted to gather qualitative information about the student experiences, which were then transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes. Results: Industrial design students reported positive learning experiences when collaborating with occupational therapy students that deepened understanding of user-centeredness, improved communication skills, and more well-developed student projects than would have been possible alone. Conclusion: The contribution of occupational therapy and industrial design students into collaborative courses and projects may result in a greater topical understanding and more advanced skill development than any singular discipline's program. Further research to compare development against students without collaborative experiences is needed to understand the magnitude of a collaboration's potential impact.

This research paper considers the place of the European lifelong-learning philosophical concept of Bildung (self-formation) and how Socratic questioning activities might be used to facilitate its development. Originating with the great philosophical thinkers of the German Renaissance, it is a concept that is again attracting attention because of its focus on developing the "whole" person and its potential for developing phronesis "practical wisdom." The primary source of research data is a podcast in which a diverse group of BAME (Black, Asian, and minority ethnic) learners discuss COVID-19 vaccinations from their own cultural perspectives through a Socratic dialogue. During this process, Bildung was developed by participants recognizing mutual concerns during this process, and Gadamer's (1960/1989) hermeneutic dialectical concept known as the "Fusion of Horizons" was played out. The dialogue identifies "trust" as an essential moral value and one that is needed in any just and stable society. This research suggests an alternative educational paradigm should be realised that lends itself better to developing Bildung and phronesis. The implications of this for teacher training are discussed and why it is important to develop "phronetic" educators. Reference is made to what this might look like in reality by highlighting the use of Socratic questioning in Danish folk high schools and how they have made the philosophical concept of Bildung central to their mission.

Supportive relationships with counselor educators as dissertation chairs are valuable to doctoral students overcoming barriers to successful completion of their dissertations. Yet, few have examined the complex and mutually influenced dissertation-chairing relationships from the perspective of dissertation chairs. Using hermeneutic phenomenology, we interviewed counselor educators (N = 15) to identify how they experienced dissertation-chairing relationship dynamics with doctoral students. Counselor educators experienced relationships characterized by expansive connections, growth in student autonomy, authenticity, safety and trust, and adaptation to student needs. They viewed chairing relationships as fluid and noncompartmentalized, which cultivated mutual learning and existential fulfillment. Our findings provide counselor educators with examples of how empathy and encouragement may help doctoral students overcome insecurities and how authentic and honest conversations may help doctoral students overcome roadblocks. Counselor education programs can apply these findings by building structures to help facilitate safe and trusting relationships between doctoral students and counselor educators.

Human development is a dimension that concretizes evidence adjusted to social demands from a framework of formation of individuals focused on constructing knowledge from different perspectives. In this sense, the formation of the university research student, the motivation for the exercise of science and innovation, and the pedagogical practices by teachers have presented different curricular problems, which are of the total interest in this research. Its general objective is to generate epistemological reflections that articulate the curriculum and processes of resignification of research training in the context of a university with social relevance. It is carried out under a historical hermeneutic paradigm of qualitative type, using the hermeneutic circle, interview and discussion groups as tools for collecting information with university students of the region evidencing and proposing more current pedagogical bets, the importance of research seedbeds and knowing the main obstacles presented in the research praxis.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the digital knowledge emerged in the context of the information society and that has introduced new cultural profiles in young people, called digital natives by the academic literature. It is approached according to hermeneutic theoretical and methodological principles where, through the analysis and reflection of different research experiences, it was possible to unveil these digital knowledges in the teacher training processes to respond to the learning styles of contemporary student profiles. The study allows to conclude that there is a great opportunity for the construction of contemporary cultural profiles, both of university teachers and students, as well as of the university community itself, with an impact on the educational processes when making decisions, in their training from the appropriation of a culture and the good use of information and communication technologies and experiences that have left the pandemic by the COVID-19. This adaptation and innovation have allowed to create and recreate family, academic and work life, looking for alternatives of constant change and where this stage of emergency has been an opportunity for growth in knowledge in science and technology, together with public policies as part of the training processes.

Creative pedagogies contribute significantly to children's cognitive, social and linguistic development. This article discusses the drama-based creative literacy practice of an early primary teacher in a high diversity school in Sydney, Australia. Literacy pedagogy blended with drama and role play was shown to aid oracy whilst also adding valuable semiotic support for language learners. Video recordings of this teacher's lessons formed the basis of a hermeneutic phenomenological study into the affordances of drama in additional language contexts. Findings revealed positive contributions to learner comprehension and engagement. They also indicated that the pressure of an over-crowded curriculum necessitates personal commitment to creative arts pedagogy on the part of the teacher. Despite policy rhetoric promoting creativity as a key capability, creativity itself is seen to be stymied in an educational context heavily prioritising standardisation and assessment. Without systemic support, it is left to motivated, individual teachers to prioritise creative learning experiences in schools.

Taking inspiration from Dewey's (1998) writing on experience and education and Pinar's (1981) conception of "currere," dealing with autobiographical reflections of individuals regarding their educational experiences, I would like to problematize the curriculum studies as a broad education studies field in Thailand, and social studies education in particular. Locating my own positionality as a curriculum worker, I perceive curriculum as an educational text that opens diverse possibilities for critical-reflective and deliberative thoughts about my educational experiences throughout my life. Shifting the personal conception from curriculum development to curriculum understanding discourse, I have gained insights that curriculum is a hermeneutic journey through one's lived experiences grounding on the socio-cultural, historical, and political economy of each specific society. The field of curriculum studies and social studies education is still under the various forms of technical-instrumental rationality at all levels of education. I have come to recognize the reason why curriculum development becomes a mainstream educational narrative in curriculum history and theory and is currently still the powerful hegemonic discourse for conceptualizing curriculum in Thailand. Critical reflection on such discourse, therefore, has the potential to cause individuals to change their recurrently entrenched normative beliefs about curriculum and knowledge production as well as educational praxis, and to augment transformative knowledge and deliberative actions.

Each nation has its motto, "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" is the motto of the Indonesian nation which first appeared in the Sutasoma Text written by Mpu Tantular. The purpose of this study is to find the character values that exist in the motto. This study uses a hermeneutic approach and follows the research steps of Paul Ricoeur. The primary data of this research is the Sutasoma text which is then analyzed using the stages of emancipatory hermeneutics. The results of the study found six-character values on the motto of "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika": (1) religious, (2) global diversity, (3) mutual cooperation, (4) brave and self-sacrificing, (5) loving, and (6) clever. These characters emerge from the values that have been carried out by Prince Sutasoma in Kakawin Sutasoma. This finding is beneficial for supporting the policy of the Indonesian government in adding the concept of strengthening character education in schools. In addition, the character values in the motto become one of the components in developing indigenous counseling typical of Indonesia in the aspect of human nature.

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate how egotism was experienced in the lives of 15 musicians and music professionals. Participants representing a broad range of musical backgrounds shared accounts spanning teacher-student, conductor-performer, peer-peer, colleague-colleague, and internalized relations with arrogance. Data collection included one-on-one interviews, collaborative phenomenological texts, and hermeneutic reflections. Through the process of epoché, phenomenological reduction, and imaginative variation, four themes materialized: (a) self-preservation, (b) other-relegation, (c) elitism, and (d) interpersonal harms. The essence of the phenomenon surfaced as the social negotiation of power. Participants identified egotism as stemming from one's efforts to (re)gain or preserve power as they worked to strip power away from others. Given pervasive feelings of powerlessness, worthlessness, and trauma among participants, I argue that a sense of urgency in addressing egotism within music scholarship is necessary--particularly in the interest of supporting humane and ethical musical relationships.

Within plural democracies, the concept of 'religious literacy' is commonly understood as denoting the knowledge, skills and understanding "vis-à-vis" religious diversity required of the citizen. In schools across Europe such learning is traditionally housed within Religious Education (RE), the aims of which are increasingly framed in terms of citizenship education, yet the two school subjects are often unhelpfully siloed, and both criticised for lack of criticality and an over-focus on knowledge acquisition. This article introduces the concept of 'worldview literacy' as a reworking of 'religious literacy' that addresses concerns around inclusivity and criticality. Rather than a product of good RE or citizenship education, worldview literacy is envisaged as a transformational process of educational praxis through encounter in plurality, that forges a pathway between the two school subjects and contributes to the broader educational endeavour of engagement in social life.

This article takes up the argument from an earlier article and seeks to detail the importance and role of the history and philosophy of science (HPS), conceived as a unitary interdisciplinary field, in science education. However, on this count, it not only seeks to ground the salience for science education at the school level but also its role in higher education. While elaborating upon its importance in school education, it charts out additional areas where the HPS could enrich the already existing objectives envisaged. Furthermore, the article highlights the importance of HPS both at the level of the pedagogy of undergraduate education as well as research mentorship at the graduate level. While, for analytic purposes, these two spheres are addressed separately, the article argues for the need to forge linkages between them.

Alterity is a concept with an extensive yet elusive history. Popularly conceived of as radical difference and Otherness, I identify alterity as the source of much of the virulent forms of racism, sexism, islamophobia, and other dichotomies in society that pit one group against another. Coming out of the tradition of critical qualitative inquiry, I offer a genealogy of the concept of alterity through various contexts and disciplines with a focus on its use in traditional Western philosophy. Within this tradition, the alteric relationship between the Self and the Other was typified by a preeminence bestowed upon the Self and an adversarial, totalizing posture taken toward the Other. Relying on a hermeneutic methodology, I theorize the development of alterity within this tradition as the root of the Eurocentric project of hegemony and subjugation that has culminated in and solidified White supremacy and that manifest today as Trump era articulations of racism and nativism in American society. Detailing the early twentieth century postmodern turn in Western philosophy which rehabilitated the Other from the tyranny of the Self, I use that history as a model for reclaiming the racial, cultural, and religious Others that continue to be marginalized throughout American society. Enlisting the notion of borderlands from border pedagogy, the ethics of care of Emmanuel Levinas, and the tenets of critical qualitative inquiry, I argue for a deliberate and focused project of activist research and critical pedagogy to not only rehabilitate and give voice to marginalized groups but to also deterritorialize the borderlands between the Self of White society and those who have been Othered by White society.

A key epistemological assumption in the ideologies of many of the groups termed extremist is that there is an unmediated access to a Divine Will. Driven by this assumption, and facilitated by several other factors, a range of coercive actions (including violence) to force others into submission to the perceived Will of God are seen as justified by some of these groups. A consideration of how religion is discussed in various contexts, from seminaries and schools to media and policy discourses, shows that this assumption about unmediated access to Divine Will is widely shared and that most children grow up socialized into it. In this paper, Farid Panjwani argues that challenging this assumption through educational settings can help young people acquire critical capacities that may lead to a critique of extremist narratives, thereby decreasing their attractions. In this regard, the paper draws upon a range of theoretical ideas, for example, the hermeneutical tradition (in particular the work of Hans-Georg Gadamer), as well as historical and textual examples, to make a case for a rethinking of religious education to develop more critical capacities among the students.

This case study aimed to comprehend socio-educational policy in the light of pandemic ethic literacy in Finland. Consequently, methodologically the official, public, and ethic research data were triangulated to analyze the Ministry's understanding on educational equity in Finland. Discussion involved global pandemic ethic principles (transparency, participation, review and revisability). Hermeneutic methodology revealed imbalances. Ministry of Education and Culture failed regionally, as well as qualitatively, in its quantitative by-the-book policy. As the main finding, pandemic ethics were generally ignored by the Ministry. Ethic principles were not recognized -- or were neglected. Furthermore, Ministry's decision-making was unconditional, instead of being participatory and revising. Lacking transparency was revealed in rhetoric of "several" children, or probable "likelihood", without argumentation. However, the policy could have been revisable with increasing evidence. Epistemic imbalances and hermeneutic injustice occurred regionally and qualitatively. Those involved all, both the vulnerable, and gifted pupils. Finally, the policy created inequity, adding ageist and racist elements in southern country. Moreover, the Ministry repeatedly acted against its vision. While Ministers, and responsible authorities, should update their "hidden" curriculum, regional policies and Covid-19 variants deserve further studies.