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Abstract Maternal dietary quality may alter the nutrient content of breast milk. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the healthy eating index (HEI) and alternative healthy eating index (AHEI) of a breastfeeding mother’s diet with the antioxidant profile of her breast milk and her infant’s urine. This study included 300 healthy mother-infant pairs. The participants’ dietary intake was estimated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The diet quality of participants was assessed using the HEI and AHEI. The total antioxidant content of the breast milk and infant’s urine was evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and Thiol quantification assays. After adjusting for confounding factors, the odds of a low malondialdehyde (MDA) content of breast milk were significantly higher in the highest quartile of HEI than in the lowest quartile. The odds of low DPPH and FRAP in infant urine decreased in the highest quartile of HEI compared to the lowest quartile. No significant relationship was found between AHEI and antioxidant levels of breast milk and the infant’s urine. Our findings demonstrate that a high quality diet of breastfeeding mothers, identified by a higher HEI, can affect the oxidant-antioxidant balance of a mother’s breast milk and her infant’s urine.

The research purpose of this paper was to explore the evaluation of skills by academic staff to improve the quality of the administration process in higher education institutions (HEIs) from two perspectives. Firstly, the authors investigated whether there are statistically significant differences between the genders of academic staff in higher education institutions regarding the evaluation of their skills and competencies. Secondly, the study aimed to determine if there are statistically significant differences in competencies perceived between academic staff of STEM sciences and those with academic experience in other sciences in terms of assessing their professional competencies. The purpose was determined by the impact of self-assessment of professional competencies on the improvement of administrative processes.

In Büyük Akgöl, one of the most important lakes of Sakarya province in the Marmara region of Turkey, water and benthic sampling was carried out from five stations representing the lake seasonally between 2009 and 2010. As a result of the study, a total of 8736 individuals were collected from lake and that was a total of 24 species belonging to 36 taxa were identified. The benthic fauna community structure of the lake was classified with Turkish Biological Monitoring Working Party, Average Score Per-Taxon and Pielou's Evenness, Shannon–Wiener. According to the TR-BMWP scores were in the IV and the III class while the ASPT analysis was classified as moderate, and was as very poor. J' values ranged between 0.62 and 0.73, and H' values ranged from 1.74 to 2.14. The water quality parameters of the lake were classified as "unsuitable" by WQI and as "very polluted" according to HEI whereas the SAR, Na, and NPI were classified as 'excellent, good and no pollution.' According to the classification of water pollution control regulation it was showed 1st, 2nd and 3rd quality water characteristic. Pb, Hg, Al, Se, Cd concentrations and turbidity were exceeded the limit values set by WHO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ombuds systems in higher education institutes have become increasingly commonplace in North America and Europe, yet there remains a dearth of studies that examine dispute resolution systems in Asia. This article examines the case of Japan, a veritable technology powerhouse that adopted its first organizational ombuds offices in 2019 and 2021 at two leading science universities: Okinawa Institute of Technology and Kyushu Institute of Technology. We assess why these were established, how the change came about, and with what remit the offices are entrusted. We find that policy transfer from abroad occurred in both cases, yet with considerably different degrees of obligation and volitional lesson-drawing, and to considerably different ends. Additionally, policy entrepreneurs played key roles in agenda setting and institutionalization. Nearly all interviewees in this study raised the issue of gender harassment as an enduring challenge for which new conflict resolution mechanisms are needed. The two newly introduced ombuds offices therefore represent one possible model for leveling inequalities in the science landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundHealthy nutrition during the first year of life is critical for optimal growth and development. Limited techniques are available to assess diet quality in infancy, and few have been shown to be predictive of dietary and adiposity outcomes in low-income children.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to construct an Infant Diet Quality Index (IDQI) to assess the diet quality from birth to 12 mo and to determine whether the IDQI exhibits predictive validity by estimating the longitudinal associations of IDQI scores with diet quality and weight status at 2 to 4 y.DesignData were analyzed from the longitudinal Women, Infants, and Children Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (unweighted, n = 2858; weighted. N = 392,439) using one 24-h dietary recall and survey responses during infancy. The newly constructed IDQI consists of 16 equally-weighted components: 1) breastfeeding duration; 2) exclusive breastfeeding; age of first introduction of: 3) solids, 4) iron-rich cereals, 5) cow milk, 6) sugar-sweetened beverages, 7) salty/sweet snacks, 8) other drinks/liquids, and 9) textured foods; frequency of consuming 10) fruit or 11) vegetables; frequency of consuming different 12) fruit or 13) vegetables; 14) nonrecommended bottle-feeding practices; 15) use of commercial baby foods; and 16) number of meals and snacks. Regression analysis was used to estimate associations between the total IDQI score (range, 0-1) and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores and body mass index z-scores (BMIz) at 2 to 4 y of age, adjusted for covariates (e.g., child age, sex and race/ethnicity; maternal education level, etc.) RESULTS: The total IDQI score was positively associated with HEI-2015 at the age of 2 y (β = 16.7; 95% CI: 12.6, 20.9; P < 0.001), 3 y (β = 14.5; 95% CI: 8.1, 21.0; P < 0.001), and 4 y (β = 15.4; 95% CI: 8.4, 22.4; P < 0.001); and negatively associated with BMIz at the age of 2 y (β = -1.24; 95% CI: -2.01, -0.47; P = 0.002) and 4 y (β = -0.92; 95% CI: -1.53, -0.30; P = 0.003).ConclusionsThe IDQI has predictive validity for diet quality and weight status in low-income US children.

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The article examines the issue of the development of a higher education institution in conditions of change. A comparative analysis of the development strategies of four higher education institutions was carried out. The expediency of using SWOT analysis in the process of elaborating development and internationalisation strategies is substantiated. The SWOT analysis of domestic universities is provided, and the main results of the research in the field of international activities are presented. It is shown that the strategic process for universities is a rather effective and necessary tool for attracting stakeholders, the ability to take into account global trends in the development of higher education in modern conditions of change. It is shown that in the modern conditions of global changes the issues of formation and achievement of strategic goals are of particular importance for higher education institutions. For example, the priority “Creation of a favourable environment for attracting investments” is not a matter for the university alone, as this process requires the coordinated work of institutions and business entities. It was noted that it is important to take into account and coordinate the actions of all stakeholders, as they are the main agents of change, serving or ensuring the implementation of the necessary changes. A comparative analysis of the strategies of four universities made it possible to identify their strategic goals, mission and directions of development. The study showed that two universities used the SWO T analysis tool to describe the strategy, and opportunities for further development were identified. At the same time, we can say that the goals and priorities of the analysed universities are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. The necessity to develop a strategy for the development of the higher education institution in terms of the internationalisation strategy with the use of SWOT analysis is substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the communication styles of rectors and vice-rectors of German public universities during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore the influence of gender on leadership communication. We collected data from social media and university websites; and analysed the language used to identify transformational, transactional, and servant leadership styles. Our results showed that female leaders demonstrated more positive communication than men and a stronger preference for transformational leadership, while male leaders tended to use a transactional style. Additionally, we found that both male and female leaders exhibited a high degree of empathetic concern for their stakeholders, contributing to the overall positive tone of communication. These findings suggest that gender may play a role in how university leaders communicate during times of crisis, highlighting the importance of inclusive and compassionate leadership in higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Businesses are increasingly declaring their operations to be "carbon neutral" or "net-zero". But how real are these claims? We investigated the climate mitigation efforts of the eight leading universities in Australia and discovered that the actual emission reductions lag behind the net-zero rhetoric. In the last ten years, most universities increased energy consumption, while reported emissions plateaued. The energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of Group-of-Eight (Go8) universities were influenced by size and population growth, climate of the campus location, and energy efficiencies. The Go8 universities experienced, on average, a 25% increase in student numbers in the last decade, and most increased their energy consumption. However, Scope 1 (direct emissions) and Scope 2 (emissions from electricity consumption) remained stable for most universities from 2011 to 2019 and decreased on a per-capita basis, indicating some level of improved efficiencies. Almost all Go8 universities have net-zero commitments and aim to achieve this by similar measures: power purchase agreements (PPAs) for electricity consumption, and carbon offsets for remaining emissions. Most universities lack a strategy for direct or measurable targets regarding energy or emissions reductions along their value chain. Unlike the UK or other countries, Australia has no standardised emission reporting requirements for Scope 3 emissions (other indirect emissions). This has led to rudimentary and haphazard reporting, limiting comparability between universities. Only one university had a more complete Scope 3 inventory, and these Scope 3 emissions were five times greater than their combined Scope 1 and 2 emissions, indicating a potential for substantial under-reporting of emissions. This highlights the need for more rigorous, consistent, and sector-specific emissions accounting, especially on indirect emissions, and for an overhaul of net-zero accreditation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decade, significant technological advancements have taken place, with a strong focus on systems designed to enhance the security and reliability of distributed data across various sectors, both public and private. Among these technological innovations, blockchain technology has emerged as a standout paradigm, offering unique characteristics that guarantee data security and reliability in different applications. The model presented represents a culmination of efforts that trace their origins to the Ethereum platform, restructured to align with Hyperledger Fabric. This transformation elaborated according to the comprehensive analysis of various Hyperledger frameworks involving segmentation, comparison, and selection of components that augment the model's conceptual foundation. The overarching objective of this article is twofold: firstly, to delve into the exploration of Hyperledger technology, substantiating the rationale behind the chosen implementation model, and secondly, to showcase the model's restructuring within the framework presented. A central facet of this article is a compelling case study that illustrates the transformative potential of blockchain technology in reshaping existing systems and processes. Specifically, integrating Hyperledger Fabric as an enterprise-grade technology underscores its role in facilitating the practical implementation of blockchain solutions. Ultimately, the primary contribution of this article lies in its endeavour to formalise knowledge surrounding blockchain technology applicability and to underscore its potential societal and organisational benefits. By presenting a well-structured model and a practical case study, this work aims to advance the comprehension of blockchain's relevance and capacity to drive positive change across various domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the causal relationship between Lean practices and team performance. Specifically, the authors tried to demonstrate which practices act as enablers of continuous improvement and waste elimination and what is their impact on team performance. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was carried out in a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Southern Brazil. The authors obtained a sample of 785 respondents. The data analysis procedures involved confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations modeling. Findings: The results of the research provided support for the positive influence of continuous improvement on waste elimination and of these two practices on team performance. In addition, empirical support was obtained for the effect of leadership support, employee involvement and internal process customers on continuous improvement. Research limitations/implications: Data collection was carried out online, so we were not able to maintain full control of the research respondents. This research generates relevant insights for decision-makers in the HEI environment, especially concerning Lean practices and team performance. The effects analyzed are even more relevant given the pandemic context. Practical implications: This study shows how some higher education Lean practices can positively affect continuous improvement and better team performance. The results raise important insights for decision-makers to offer better higher education public services, especially given the context and changes imposed by the pandemic situation. Originality/value: This paper initiates the discussion about enablers of continuous improvement and waste elimination in HEI and demonstrates their impact on team performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With Construction Management being a relatively new discipline, the relationship between academia and industry is underdeveloped. Studies have identified the gap between academia and industry, with recommendations made as to how this gap may be closed. However, little research is done into what is restricting Higher Education Institutions from acting on these findings. The aim of this paper is to address this. Five key themes emerge in the literature: Human, Resources, Organizational Structure, External Influences, and Administrative Factors. To complement this, semi-structured interviews are undertaken with 12 Construction Management representatives from each of the 11 Higher Education Institutions offering a Construction Management program in the Republic of Ireland. Using the five themes that emerged in the literature, each of the interviews is thematically coded. The results indicate key factors inhibiting the change implementation processes within construction management departments. These include difficulties in the number of boards and committees involved in change, a lack of incentive for lecturing staff undertaking what is considered additional work, disparity in the definition of a "successful program" within the Higher Education Institutions, extensive amounts of reports required for change proposal, lecturing staff being largely overworked, and organizational structures that do not facilitate collaboration between departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of NovaRUA Revista Universitaria de Administracion is the property of NovaRUA Revista Universitaria de Administracion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The performance evaluation models proposed in the scientific literature to support the decision-making process in the context of sustainability in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) present gaps with respect to the design process. In relation, to the management of environmental education in HEIs, there is an absence of decision support models. In this context, the objective of the research is to build a model for evaluating the performance of environmental education for an undergraduate course at a public university. It is a case study, with data collection through interviews with the Course Coordinator, complemented by questionnaires and documental analysis. The intervention instrument used was the Multicriteria Methodology for Decision Aiding-Constructivist (MCDA-C). The main results were explored showing the process of building a performance evaluation model, considering the singularity of the context, the flexibility in the elaboration process and interactivity with different stakeholders. Additionally, efforts were focused on the presentation of the final assessment model, demonstrating the potential of the MCDA-C methodology as a practical tool to support the decision-making process, and on the discussion of the model developed in relation to the literature reviewed. The model built allows the decision maker to understand the environmental education intertwined with the course, to assess the current situation and the desired end state, as well as the necessary actions for its management. In addition to the constructivist perspective, the model meets the Stakeholder Theory; explains the advantages, using participatory approach methodologies and performance indicators have characteristics of a functional system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a world driven by constant change and innovation, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are undergoing a rapid transformation, often driven by external factors such as emerging technologies. One of the key drivers affecting the design and development of educational delivery mechanisms in HEIs is the fast pace of educational technology development which not only impacts an institution's technical capacity to infuse hardware and software solutions into existing learning infrastructure but also has implications for pedagogical practice, stakeholder acceptance of new technology, and HEI administrative structures. However, little is known about the implementation of contemporary educational technology in HEI environments, particularly as they relate to competing stakeholder perceptions of technology effectiveness in course delivery and knowledge acquisition. This review fills that gap by exploring the evidence and analyses of 46 empirical research studies focussing on technology implementation issues in a diverse range of institutional contexts, subject areas, technologies, and stakeholder profiles. This study found that the dynamic interplay of educational technology characteristics, stakeholder perceptions on the effectiveness of technology integration decisions, theoretical frameworks and models relevant to technology integration in pedagogical practices, and metrics to gauge post-implementation success are critical dimensions to creating viable pathways to effective educational technology implementation. To that end, this study proposes a framework to guide the development of sound implementation strategies that incorporates five dimensions: technology, stakeholder perceptions, academic discipline, success metrics, and theoretical frameworks. This study will benefit HEI decision-makers responsible for re-engineering complex course delivery systems to accommodate the infusion of new technologies and pedagogies in ways that will maximise their utility to students and faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundDiseases and disorders related to mental health are spreading like other chronic diseases all around the world. Considering the role of food in the prevention and treatment of these disorders, including major depression, investigating the relationship between different food patterns and this disorder is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to compare Dutch healthy eating and healthy eating indexes and anthropometry in patients with major depression with healthy individuals.MethodsIn this case-control study, the final analysis was performed on 67 men and 111 women with an age range of 20–30 years. Height (cm), weight (kg), food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), physical activity (MET-min/week), demographic and PHQ-9 questionnaires were taken from all participants. In the following, all the food ingredients and their components were extracted and used to calculate HEI-2015 and DHD. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software with independent t-test, logistic regression and chi-square.ResultsIt was found that people with major depression in this study were mostly women and occupied. The average HEI-2015 in healthy people and those with major depression was 58 and 54.3, respectively. Also, the average DHD in these people was 60.5 and 55, respectively. HEI-2015 and DHD had a significant negative correlation with depression score (r = −0.16, p-value = 0.03) (r = −0.19, p-value = 0.01). Also, in the logistic regression model, before and even after adjusting confounders, HEI-2015 and DHD had a reduced odds ratio in people suffering from major depression. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of the average factors of height, weight and body mass index (BMI).ConclusionIt seems that HEI2015 and DHD have a significant relationship in reducing major depression. However, due to the small number of studies in this regard, especially in the field of DHD, the need for more studies seems necessary.

IntroductionThe average American household’s diet and food purchasing patterns are out of sync with federal recommendations. Researchers have connected this with the large and growing rates of obesity, diabetes, and other diet-related ailments in the U.S. Restaurant food has been discussed a potential contributor to unhealthful diets, as it is often calorically dense. We investigate the association between household access to restaurants and diet quality using USDA FoodAPS data and NPD ReCount data.MethodsWe define radii around households to measure restaurant outlet counts and apply a regression analysis incorporating household characteristics.ResultsWe find that neither restaurant counts nor openings share many statistically or economically significant associations with average dietary quality. Household characteristics and demographics are far more powerful in explaining variation in diet quality.DiscussionOur findings align with the large and growing body of empirical research that suggests that personal preferences and other household characteristics are more important than the food environment in explaining food choices and diet quality. Given the extant research on the importance of access to large supermarkets, our results suggest that access to food retailers is more important in explaining diet quality than access to restaurants.

Abstract Background Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an apoB100-containing lipoprotein with high levels being positively associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) levels are genetically determined. However, previous studies report a negative association between Lp(a) and saturated fatty acid intake. Currently, apoB100 lowering therapies are used to lower Lp(a) levels, and apheresis therapy is FDA approved for patients with extreme elevations of Lp(a). The current study analyzed the association of free-living diet components with plasma Lp(a) levels. Methods Dietary composition data was collected during screening visits for enrollment in previously completed lipid and lipoprotein metabolism studies at Columbia University Irving Medical Center via a standardized protocol by registered dietitians using 24 hour recalls. Data were analyzed with the Nutrition Data System for Research (Version 2018). Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. Fasting plasma Lp(a) levels were measured via an isoform-independent ELISA and apo(a) isoforms were measured using gel electrophoresis. Results We enrolled 28 subjects [Black (n = 18); Hispanic (n = 7); White (n = 3)]. The mean age was 48.3 ± 12.5 years with 17 males. Median level of Lp(a) was 79.9 nmol/L (34.4–146.0) and it was negatively associated with absolute (grams/day) and relative (percent of total calories) intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) (R = -0.43, P = 0.02, SFA …(% CAL): R = -0.38, P = 0.04), palmitic acid intake (R = -0.38, P = 0.05), and stearic acid intake (R = -0.40, P = 0.03). Analyses of associations with HEI score when stratified based on Lp(a) levels > or ≤ 100 nmol/L revealed no significant associations with any of the constituent factors. Conclusions Using 24 hour recall, we confirm previous findings that Lp(a) levels are negatively associated with dietary saturated fatty acid intake. Additionally, Lp(a) levels are not related to diet quality, as assessed by the HEI score. The mechanisms underlying the relationship of SFA with Lp(a) require further investigation.

This paper conducts an in-depth examination of the transformative journey in learning paradigms within higher education polytechnic institutions. Utilizing a case study approach, we trace the evolutionary trajectory of pedagogical practices and technological integration in the context of transitioning from in person to online classes. By exploring the experiences of the ACADIGIA Consortium, the driving force behind the Erasmus+ project with the same name, we aim to provide useful insights into the challenges faced and strategies employed during the evolution and implementation of the ACADIGIA transformation. The diversity of experience provided by the partners, from academia as well as from industry, and from the cultural backgrounds of Portugal, Spain, Romania, Italy, Greece, and Ireland, represents one of the strengths of this endeavor as well as one of its main challenges. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the dynamic nature of higher education in polytechnic settings, shedding light on effective approaches to enhance the quality and relevance of learning experiences in an ever-changing educational landscape. This paper can serve as a valuable resource for educators, administrators, and policymakers seeking evidence-based guidance in navigating the evolving terrain of higher education polytechnic institutions.

Industrial discharge of heavy metals severely deteriorates surface water quality in many parts of the world, particularly in lower-middle-income countries like Bangladesh. This study collected published data from 30 different surface water bodies in Bangladesh, including rivers, lakes, freshwater wetlands (Haors), and river estuaries, on mean concentrations of 12 heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg, Zn, Cu, Ni, Al, Fe, Mn, As, and Co) in surface water bodies from 2010 to 2022. The study aimed to explore the pollution source and levels of heavy metals in the surface water of Bangladesh. The water quality status and correlations between variables were assessed using the heavy metal pollution index (HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), and principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis results showed that the average heavy metal concentrations in the surface water of Bangladesh were in the order of Fe>Al>Mn>Cr>Zn>Cu>As>Ni>Pb>Co>Cd>Hg in the range of 3.98 ppm to 0.004 ppm. It also showed that Dhaka, Chittagong, Mymensingh divisions, and Bogra city of Rajshahi division are the most polluted areas of Bangladesh in terms of heavy metal concentration, whereas Khulna and Sylhet divisions are moderately polluted. The results showed that about 83.3 % of water bodies have HPI values greater than 100, which is considered unsafe for consumption. However, the HEI analysis revealed that about 46.7 % of water bodies were in the high pollution category (HEI > 20). The correlation matrix of heavy metals illustrated strong positive linear relationships between Cr and Co, Cu and As, Cu and Cd, and As and Cd. The principal component analysis suggested that the most contributing sources of pollution in the studied area are related to different anthropogenic activities, such as municipal waste and industrial effluent discharge, including tanneries, textile and dyeing industries, shipbreaking yards, and gas production plants, as well as agricultural runoff.

Background: A common assumption is that adolescents have poor eating habits. However, there is minimal data regarding adolescents’ intake of macronutrients (i.e. protein, carbohydrate, and fats) and micronutrients (i.e. vitamins and minerals). In addition, few studies have used the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) to assess diet quality of well adolescents. Objective: To determine diet quality among patients presenting for well care by using NDSR (Nutrition Data Systems for Research) nutrition analysis software and by calculating HEI-2010 scores. Methods: A convenience sample of adolescents presenting to clinic for well care was recruited. Participants completed a 24 hour dietary recall using the multiple pass method, a validated interviewing technique. Results for each participant were entered into NDSR version 2014, which provides a detailed nutrition analysis, and these results were also used to calculate a HEI-2010 score, which measures how well dietary intake conforms to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans in terms of amounts consumed from each food group. Results: Data from 48 adolescents (30 female, 18 male; mean age 16.5, range 12–20 years; 18 Hispanic, 11 Black, 5 White, 14 other) were analyzed. Body-mass-index (BMI) ranged from 16.0 to 38.1. Average total calories were 2054 (but there was a wide range of 683 to 4801 calories). Average calories for females and males were 1723 and 2604, respectively. Average percentages of calories from macronutrients were 33.2% from fat, 50.5% from carbohydrate, and 16.3% from protein. Micronutrient content was very low (< 53% of recommended Daily Values) for vitamins E and D; moderately low (61–76%) for zinc, magnesium, potassium and copper; minimally low (86–97%) for calcium, iron and vitamin B12; and normal (≥100%) for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, phosphorus, manganese, selenium and vitamins C, K, and B6. HEI scores were 80 (“good”). Conclusion: On some measures (distribution of macronutrients, intake of most vitamins and minerals), the adolescents in this study had sufficient diets by NDSR calculations. However, no subject had an HEI score indicative of good diet quality. It is possible that adolescents are consuming adequate macro- and micronutrients in the setting of processed, fortified foods, but that optimal consumption from each food group is lacking, resulting in lower diet quality scores on the HEI.

The article focuses on elucidating the distinctive aspects of designing the environment within educational institutions. It identifies the typical characteristics of design found in domestic higher education institutions, encompassing architectural solutions and functional concepts, as well as principles governing the division of educational spaces and zones. The article also examines the influence of classroom design on academic performance effectiveness. Notable illustrations of contemporary design within the educational environment of Ukrainian higher education institutions are presented. Additionally, the article explores design and architectural solutions employed in educational institutions abroad. Furthermore, the article puts forth original approaches toward shaping a modern design framework for educational institutions' environments. This research aims to uncover the specific characteristics associated with the design of educational institution environments. The object of investigation is the educational institution itself, viewed as a subject for design and architectural solutions. Research methods. The research employed various methods including description, analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and modeling. The article delves into the distinct features associated with the design of educational institution environments. It identifies the defining characteristics of design within Ukrainian higher education institutions, explores the rationale behind such design approaches, and examines the evolution of design in the modern era. The study establishes the key aspects related to the design of specific educational spaces such as study rooms, lecture halls, specialized discipline offices, and computer rooms within Ukrainian higher education institutions (hereinafter HEIs). Additionally, recreational areas are characterized as a unique type of educational space, providing students with an opportunity to rest during breaks and prepare for upcoming classes. The study presents an analysis of the merits and drawbacks of the design of educational environments in contemporary domestic higher education institutions. It discerns the distinctive attributes within each category and assesses their influence on students' academic performance. Moreover, the study emphasizes the emerging trends that should be pursued in the development of modern HEIs design. The article uncovers the distinctive characteristics of designing educational institutions both in Ukraine and abroad. It emphasizes the particulars of designing lecture halls, study rooms, specialized rooms, and laboratories. Building upon the obtained results, this research develops approaches and principles for shaping the design of educational institution environments in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an apoB100-containing lipoprotein with high levels being positively associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) levels are genetically determined. However, previous studies report a negative association between Lp(a) and saturated fatty acid intake. Currently, apoB100 lowering therapies are used to lower Lp(a) levels, and apheresis therapy is FDA approved for patients with extreme elevations of Lp(a). The current study analyzed the association of free-living diet components with plasma Lp(a) levels. Methods: Dietary composition data was collected during screening visits for enrollment in previously completed lipid and lipoprotein metabolism studies at Columbia University Irving Medical Center via a standardized protocol by registered dietitians using 24 hour recalls. Data were analyzed with the Nutrition Data System for Research (Version 2018). Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. Fasting plasma Lp(a) levels were measured via an isoform-independent ELISA and apo(a) isoforms were measured using gel electrophoresis. Results: We enrolled 28 subjects [Black (n = 18); Hispanic (n = 7); White (n = 3)]. The mean age was 48.3 ± 12.5 years with 17 males. Median level of Lp(a) was 79.9 nmol/L (34.4–146.0) and it was negatively associated with absolute (grams/day) and relative (percent of total calories) intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) (R = -0.43, P = 0.02, SFA ...(% CAL): R = -0.38, P = 0.04), palmitic acid intake (R = -0.38, P = 0.05), and stearic acid intake (R = -0.40, P = 0.03). Analyses of associations with HEI score when stratified based on Lp(a) levels > or ≤ 100 nmol/L revealed no significant associations with any of the constituent factors. Conclusions: Using 24 hour recall, we confirm previous findings that Lp(a) levels are negatively associated with dietary saturated fatty acid intake. Additionally, Lp(a) levels are not related to diet quality, as assessed by the HEI score. The mechanisms underlying the relationship of SFA with Lp(a) require further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Signos is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)