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105 results on '"HE-4"'

1. Superfluid optomechanics with nanofluidic geometries

Author

Spence, Sebastian

Subjects
Superfluid, Nanofluidics, optomechanics, Microwave, HE-4, sonic crystal, phononic
Abstract

In this work, a novel implementation of superfluid optomechanics is developed, exploiting nanofluidic confinement within a sonic crystal geometry. The aim of which is to enhance the optomechanical coupling strength while preserving the intrinsic properties of superfluid He-4, via limitation of radiative acoustic effects. These nanostructures are designed and fabricated using cleanroom techniques, with focus on the development of a direct wafer bonding technique. The cleanroom fabricated chips are then integrated into superconducting microwave cavities. For measurements, a dilution refrigerator (capable of mK cooling) was refurbished for modern microwave measurements and work with superfluid He-4. COMSOL Multiphysics simulations are used to design the optomechanical system, both the acoustics of the sonic crystal and the chip-cavity microwave environment. From these simulations a predicted vacuum optomechanical coupling is calculated giving g_0/2pi = 0.63 mHz; between a superfluid mode of frequency 1.34 MHz, and a microwave cavity mode of 4.2 GHz. Phase sensitive homodyne measurements of the chip-cavity system in the presence of He-4 found mechanical signals close to the predicted resonance frequency, however these signals were insufficient in strength or consistency to determine the optomechanical parameters of the system.

Published
2022

2. Comparison of Human Epididymis Protein 4, Cancer Antigen 125, and Ultrasound Prediction Model in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Adnexal Masses.

Author

Bahadur, Anupama, Bhattacharya, Namrata, Mundhra, Rajlaxmi, Khoiwal, Kavita, Chawla, Latika, Singh, Rajni, Naithani, Manisha, and Kishore, Sanjeev

Subjects
*OVARIAN cancer, *PREDICTION models, *OVARIAN epithelial cancer, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *OVARIAN tumors, *ULTRASONIC imaging
Abstract

Background: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of carcinogenic antigen (CA) 125, (HE)-4 (Human epididymis protein 4), and ultrasound (International Ovarian Tumor Analysis [IOTA]) Simple Rules individually and to derive a composite score in the differentiating ovarian cancer from benign ovarian mass. Subjects and Methods: Consecutive patients (n = 100) with pelvic mass admitted during February 2018-August 2019 were included prospectively. Patients with either known case of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or metastatic EOC were excluded. The primary outcome was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of CA-125, HE-4, and IOTA Simple Rules in predicting benign from malignant mass independently, while secondary outcome was derivation of a new model incorporating these variables using multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict benign from malignant lesions. Receiver operator curve (ROC) was drawn to redefine the best-performing cutoff values and difference between area under the ROC (AUROC) were compared by DeLong's method. Results: Out of 100 cases of adnexal mass selected, the sensitivity and specificity of CA-125 were 73.8% and 77.6%, HE-4 were 90.5% and 87.9%, and IOTA Simple Rules were 92.9% and 81.0%. CA-125, HE-4, and IOTA Simple Rules were independently associated with the likelihood of malignancy/borderline (P < 0.001). The area under the curve for the "composite score" (AUC = 0.93) was the highest and was significantly better than that of CA-125 (AUC = 0.786) (P = 0.004 using DeLong's test) and comparable with HE-4 (AUROC = 0.90; P = 0.128 using DeLong's Test). Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of HE-4 and IOTA Simple Rules for predicting malignant ovarian tumor was better than those of CA-125. The diagnostic performance of "composite score" was comparable to those of either HE-4 or IOTA Simple Rules and significantly better than CA-125. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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3. Comparison of MRI, CA-125 and HE-4 in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in cases with endometrial cancer

Author

Samican Özmen, Sefa Kurt, Orkun Ilgen, Funda Barlik Obuz, Ali Riza Sisman, and Meral Koyuncuoglu

Subjects
endometrial cancer, magnetic resonance imaging, he-4, ca-125, Medicine
Abstract

Objective. Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. There is no effective screening method used for predicting the clinical stage of the disease in the preoperative period and to plan the surgical procedure. The aim of this study is to compare the serum levels of CA-125 and HE-4 with MRI, to evaluate their ability to predict the depth of myometrial invasion in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer, and to compare the specificity between these two tests. Materials and Methods. This prospective study was conducted at Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between February 2019 and February 2020. A total of 47 cases were included in the study. The cases were evaluated with MRI preoperatively to determine the extent of the disease. Preoperative serum CA-125 and HE4 levels were measured by ELISA method and compared, and the superiority of the tests to each other in determining the depth of myometrial invasion was evaluated. Results. In patients with endometrioid cancer, preoperative CA-125 and HE-4 levels were found to be higher if the myometrial invasion is >50% and lymphovascular space invasion is positive, and the difference was statistically significant. A cut-off of 7,05 U/ml for CA-125 could detect the deeper myometrial invasion with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 52%, respectively. A cut-off of 94,25 pmol/L for HE-4 could detect deeper myometrial invasion with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 56%, respectively. The sensitivity of MRI in determining the depth of myometrial invasion was 87,1%, and the specificity was 86,7%. Conclusions. MRI, HE-4 and CA-125 were found to be valuable tests in predicting the extent of the disease and planning the surgical treatment. All three methods successfully predicted the myometrial invasion depth of the disease. The success rates of the tests in predicting the depth of myometrial invasion were MRI, HE-4 and CA-125, respectively. HE-4 and CA-125 could not reach the sensitivity and specificity of MRI in determining the depth of myometrial invasion at any cut-off value. However, it was proved in this study that they can play important roles as simpler and more cost-effective tests in determining the extent of the disease, able to contribute to surgical planning during preoperative evaluation.

Published
2021
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4. A novel non-invasive molecular biomarker in ovarian endometriosis: estrogen-related receptor α.

Author

Liu, Chen, Chen, YaoJia, Chen, Min, Mao, XiaoDan, Dong, BinHua, and Sun, PengMing

Subjects
*ENDOMETRIOSIS, *OVARIAN cysts, *BLOOD proteins, *BIOMARKERS, *MENSTRUAL cycle, *PROTEIN metabolism, *OVARIES, *PROGNOSIS
Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to explore whether estrogen-related receptors α (ERRα) can prognosticate the occurrence and development of ovarian endometriosis (EMs) as a non-invasive biomarker.Methods: The ectopic and its' correspond eutopic endometria from 47 patients with ovarian EMs and the control normal endometria from 32 cases were collected and detected the mRNA expression of ERRα by RT-qPCR. The serum protein of ERRα were tested by ELISA. The menstrual cycle, ovarian cyst sizes, relative clinical tumour markers, such as CA125, CA19-9 and HE-4, and other demographic data were also involved into analysis in these patients by SPSS 22.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA).Results: The ERRα mRNA expression in ectopic endometria were significantly lower than it in eutopic endometria (P < 0.05) and the normal endometria (P < 0.05). Similarly, the serum ERRα levels in patients with EMs were significantly lower than it in control group (P < 0.01). Moreover, the serum ERRα levels were decreasing with the increasing of the pathological stages and ovarian cyst sizes. While, the serum CA125, CA19-9, CA125/ERRα ratio and CA19-9/ERRα ratio in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.01).Conclusion: The expression of ERRα is correlated with the development of ovarian EMs pathological stages and ovarian cyst sizes and can be used as a novel and non-invasive biomarker for evaluating the progression of ovarian EMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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5. Differential markers for the diagnosis of recurrent benign ovarian tumors in women of reproductive and premenopausal age.

Author

ZAVKIBEKOVA, TAKHMINA K., IKHTIYAROVA, GULCHEKHRA A., and ASLONOVA, MAKHLIYO J.

Subjects
*OVARIAN tumors, *BENIGN tumors, *DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis, *EARLY diagnosis, *TUMOR markers
Abstract

Early diagnosis of ovarian neoplasm is a key approach to improving the effectiveness of treatment. The review presents new data on the pathogenesis, classification and early diagnosis of ovarian tumor-like formations. The relevance of the problem of early diagnosis, the identification of the levels of oncomarkers CA-125 and HE-4 in benign tumors and tumor-like formations, based on the prevalence and difficulties in identifying this pathology, is indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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6. Characterization of a 4He Scintillation Detector and its Applications in Nuclear Material Assay

Author

Searfus, Oskar

Subjects
fast neutrons, neutron detection, nuclear security, nuclear safeguards, He-4
Abstract

Helium-4-based scintillation detectors have been developed as a gamma-insensitive alternative to organic scintillators for fast neutron detection and spectroscopy. While these detectors hold significant promise for applications in extreme environments where organic scintillators are not suitable, there has been relatively little scholarship on their fundamental characteristics and applications. The only commercially available He-4-based detector is the Arktis S670. This detector has a unique construction, containing three optically segmented regions, each providing four signal outputs. An algorithm was developed to condense these four outputs into a single data list, showing an improved time resolution compared to a separate analysis of the outputs, and an energy calibration using monoenergetic 2.45 MeV and 14.1 MeV neutrons was demonstrated. Another experiment was performed to characterize the response of the He-4 detector to monoenergetic nuclear recoils up to 9 MeV. The He-4 detector was positioned in the center of a semicircular array of organic scintillation detectors operated in coincidence, in conjunction with monoenergetic neutron sources. The measured detector response provides evidence for scintillation linearity and was used to develop an energy resolution function applicable to this energy range, enabling high-fidelity detector simulation for future applications. Precise knowledge of the temporal output profile of a pulsed neutron generator is beneficial for several neutron active interrogation techniques. Using the He-4 detector, the primary temporal profile of a short-pulsed deuterium-tritium neutron generator was isolated from scattered and induced contaminants by spectral thresholding. This method can be used to continuously monitor the pulse characteristics and quality for various neutron active interrogation techniques. The production of U-233 poses unique challenges for nuclear safeguards, as it is associated with an extreme gamma ray environment from U-232 contamination, as well as more conservative accountability requirements than for U-235. The He-4 detector and an array of He-3 detectors were used to demonstrate three advanced neutron signatures of U-233 in oxide. These measurements provide a benchmark for future nondestructive assay instrumentation development and demonstrate a set of key neutron signatures to be leveraged for nuclear safeguards in the thorium fuel cycle. The use of photon active interrogation for the detection of special nuclear material has held significant promise; however, neutrons produced by photonuclear reactions in the accelerator target, collimator, and environment can obscure the fission neutron signal. High-pressure He-4-based scintillation detectors are well-suited to photon active interrogation, as they can measure the fast neutron spectrum, but show little response to gamma rays. A photon active interrogation system utilizing a He-4 scintillation detector and a 9 MeV linac-bremsstrahlung X-ray source was experimentally evaluated. It was shown to be capable of detecting photofission neutrons from U-238 based on their clear spectral separation from (gamma,n) neutrons produced in lead, a common shielding material. This collection of research serves to deepen the understanding of He-4-based detector characteristics and pioneer some of their promising applications in nuclear safeguards and security. While additional work remains to develop the demonstrated applications into operational systems, this work has significantly broadened the plausible application space for He-4 scintillation detectors.

Published
2024

7. Diagnostic potential of nanoparticle aided assays for <scp>MUC16</scp> and <scp>MUC1</scp> glycovariants in ovarian cancer

Author

Shruti Jain, Nimrah Nadeem, Benjamin Ulfenborg, Maria Mäkelä, Shamima Afrin Ruma, Joonas Terävä, Kaisa Huhtinen, Janne Leivo, Björg Kristjansdottir, Kim Pettersson, Karin Sundfeldt, Kamlesh Gidwani, Research Program in Systems Oncology, and Faculty of Medicine

Subjects
EXPRESSION, epithelial ovarian cancer, Cancer Research, diagnosis, BIOMARKERS, TN, 3122 Cancers, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, CA125, europium nanoparticle, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION, HE-4, STn, Ovarian Neoplasms, Cancer och onkologi, Mucin-1, Mucins, Membrane Proteins, mucins, GLYCANS, Oncology, Cancer and Oncology, CA-125 Antigen, Nanoparticles, Female, 3111 Biomedicine
Abstract

This study reports the discovery and evaluation of nanoparticle aided sensitive assays for glycovariants of MUC16 and MUC1 in a unique collection of paired ovarian cyst fluids and serum samples obtained at or prior to surgery for ovarian carcinoma suspicion. Selected glycovariants and the immunoassays for CA125, CA15-3 and HE4 were compared and validated in 347 cyst fluid and serum samples. Whereas CA125 and CA15-3 performed poorly in cyst fluid to separate carcinoma and controls, four glycovariants including MUC16MGL , MUC16STn , MUC1STn and MUC1Tn provided highly improved separations. In serum, the two STn glycovariants outperformed conventional CA125, CA15-3 and HE4 assays in all sub-categories analysed with main benefits obtained at high specificities and at postmenopausal and early-stage disease. Serum MUC16STn performed best at high specificity (90-99%), but sensitivity was also improved by the other glycovariants and CA15-3. The highly improved specificity, excellent analytical sensitivity, and robustness of the nanoparticle assisted glycovariant assays carry great promise for improved identification and early detection of ovarian carcinoma in routine differential diagnostics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. CC BY-NC 4.0Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 InternationalFirst published: 09 May 2022Corresponding author: Kamlesh Gidwani (kamlesh.gidwani@utu.fi), Karin Sundfeldt (karin.sundfeldt@obgyn.gu.se)Funding:Swedish Cancer Foundation CAN-2018/834ALF-VGR Region, Sweden ALFGBG-721051, ALFGBG-932583Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Finland 2018-2021Nordic Cancer Union, Denmark 194914

Published
2022
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8. 细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞对卵巢癌细胞耐药的影响.

Author

吴利英, 双婷, 谢婷婷, 李玲霞, and 白璐

Subjects
*TUMOR markers, *KILLER cells, *CELL morphology, *CELL suspensions, *ELECTRON microscopes, *EXPERIMENTAL groups
Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of cytokine induced killer cell line cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) on the resistance of ovarian cancer cells. Methods: Human ovarian cancer SKOV3/CDDP resistant cell line was selected and cultured into a single cell suspension with cell concentration of 1× 105/L. The cells were divided into the experimental group and control group, and control group as blank control. The experimental group was stimulated with CIK. The cell morphology of the two groups was observed by electron microscope, the apoptosis rate was recorded, and then the supernatant of the culture medium was extracted. After centrifugation, the concentrations of TGF-α and TNF-α of TGF-α and TNF-α were measured by radioimmunoassay. The levels of tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) in the two groups were determined and compared by electrochemiluminescence. Results: Before treatment, the morphology of the cells in the two groups was relatively full, round and no apoptotic cells was observed by electron microscope. After treatment, the cells in experimental group were obviously atrophied, and the membrane was foaming. More apoptotic cells appeared in the experimental group and the apoptotic rate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group. The early and late apoptotic rates in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The level of TGF-α , TNF-α in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group before treatment (P<0.05), but the level of TGF-α , TNF-α in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the level of CA125 and HE4 in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: CIK has a strong killing effect on ovarian cancer resistant cells and can significantly reduce the levels of CA125 and HE4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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9. CeBr3 scintillators for 4He prompt gamma spectroscopy: Results from a Monte Carlo optimization study.

Author

Dal Bello, Riccardo, Magalhaes Martins, Paulo, and Seco, Joao

Subjects
*SPECTRUM analysis, *MEDICAL imaging systems, *SCINTILLATORS, *MONTE Carlo method, *ANTICOINCIDENCE counting
Abstract

Purpose: Range uncertainties limit the potential of charged particle therapy. In vivo and online range verification techniques could increase the confidence in the dose delivery distribution and lead to more conformal treatments. Prompt gamma imaging and prompt gamma spectroscopy (PGS) have been demonstrated for such a purpose. The successful application of these techniques requires the development of a dedicated detector system optimized to the radiation energy ranges and the intensity. In this work, we investigated a detector system based on CeBr3 crystals capable of performing spectroscopy of the prompt gamma radiation induced by 4He beams. Methods: We performed Monte Carlo simulations to optimize the detector system. The study was carried out both with the Geant4 toolkit and the FLUKA package. The simulated system consisted of a primary crystal for spectroscopy and secondary crystals for noise reduction in anticoincidence (AC). For comparison purposes, we considered a configuration without AC crystals. We first defined the dimensions of the primary cerium bromide (CeBr3) crystal and the secondary bismuth germanate (BGO) or CeBr3 crystals. We then evaluated their detection performance for monoenergetic gamma radiation up to 7 MeV in such way that the probability of the photo‐peak detection was maximized in comparison to the number of escape peak and Compton events. We simulated realistic prompt gamma radiation spectra induced by 4He beams on homogeneous targets (water, graphite, and aluminum) and on implants (water with an aluminum insert). Finally, we tested the performances of the optimized systems in the detection of the realistic gamma spectra. The quantitative analysis was accomplished by comparing the signal‐to‐noise ratio between the different configurations and the ability to resolve the discrete reactions. Results: We present the optimized dimensions for the primary CeBr3 crystals with and without AC shielding. The specific values are given over a wide range of crystal volumes. The results show an optimal primary CeBr3 crystal with an approximately diameter to length ratio of 1 without AC shielding and 0.5 with AC shielding. The secondary BGO and CeBr3 should have a transverse dimension of 3 and 4.56 cm, respectively. The analysis of the prompt gamma spectra from 4He beams highlighted the presence of specific discrete reactions not observed in 1H studies, for example, 12C transition 0+ (7.65 MeV) →2+ (4.44 MeV). This reaction is responsible for the generation of the 3.21 MeV prompt gamma peak. The optimized primary crystal provides a significant increase in the signal‐to‐noise ratio together with an improved resolution of the discrete gamma lines, especially in the high‐energy region. The detection configuration with an optimized anticoincidence crystal improved the signal‐to‐noise ratio up to a factor of 3.5. Conclusions: This work provides the optimal geometry for primary and secondary crystals to be used in range verification through PGS. The simulations show that such a PGS system may allow for the simultaneous detection of the discrete lines from a thin metal implant within a water phantom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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10. Comparison of MRI, CA-125 and HE-4 in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in cases with endometrial cancer

Author

Funda Obuz, Samican Özmen, Orkun Ilgen, Meral Koyuncuoglu, Ali Riza Sisman, and Sefa Kurt

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, Endometrial cancer, medicine.disease, he-4, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, endometrial cancer, Medicine, magnetic resonance imaging, business, ca-125
Abstract

Objective. Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world. There is no effective screening method used for predicting the clinical stage of the disease in the preoperative period and to plan the surgical procedure. The aim of this study is to compare the serum levels of CA-125 and HE-4 with MRI, to evaluate their ability to predict the depth of myometrial invasion in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer, and to compare the specificity between these two tests. Materials and Methods. This prospective study was conducted at Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between February 2019 and February 2020. A total of 47 cases were included in the study. The cases were evaluated with MRI preoperatively to determine the extent of the disease. Preoperative serum CA-125 and HE4 levels were measured by ELISA method and compared, and the superiority of the tests to each other in determining the depth of myometrial invasion was evaluated. Results. In patients with endometrioid cancer, preoperative CA-125 and HE-4 levels were found to be higher if the myometrial invasion is >50% and lymphovascular space invasion is positive, and the difference was statistically significant. A cut-off of 7,05 U/ml for CA-125 could detect the deeper myometrial invasion with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 52%, respectively. A cut-off of 94,25 pmol/L for HE-4 could detect deeper myometrial invasion with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 56%, respectively. The sensitivity of MRI in determining the depth of myometrial invasion was 87,1%, and the specificity was 86,7%. Conclusions. MRI, HE-4 and CA-125 were found to be valuable tests in predicting the extent of the disease and planning the surgical treatment. All three methods successfully predicted the myometrial invasion depth of the disease. The success rates of the tests in predicting the depth of myometrial invasion were MRI, HE-4 and CA-125, respectively. HE-4 and CA-125 could not reach the sensitivity and specificity of MRI in determining the depth of myometrial invasion at any cut-off value. However, it was proved in this study that they can play important roles as simpler and more cost-effective tests in determining the extent of the disease, able to contribute to surgical planning during preoperative evaluation.

Published
2021

11. Meigs’ syndrome with elevated CA-125 and HE-4: a case of luteinized fibrothecoma

Author

Jaroslaw Danilos, Wojciech Michał Kwaśniewski, Diana Mazurek, Wieslawa Bednarek, and Jan Kotarski

Subjects
Meigs’ syndrome, CA-125, HE-4, fibrothecoma, Medicine
Abstract

Presence of fibrothecoma is not usually accompanied by elevated levels of tumor markers. In recent years, however, there have been isolated reports of fibrothecoma and Meigs’ syndrome, accompanied by an increase in tumor markers. We present a case of fibrothecoma with Meigs’ syndrome and elevated levels of both CA-125 (cancer antigen 125) and HE-4 (human epididymis protein 4). In this paper, we present a case of Meigs’ syndrome associated with an increased CA-125 and HE-4 level due to ovarian fibrothecoma.

Published
2015
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12. Use of isotope hydrology to characterize groundwater systems in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. Results of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) F33022, 2016–2020 : monograph / Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine ; International Atomic Energy Agency. Chornobyl ; Kyiv: ISP NPP NAS of Ukraine, 2022. – 200 p

Author

Institute For Safety Problems Of Nuclear Power Plants

Subjects
NPP, H-3, C-13, isotope hydrology, C-14, O-18, Sr-90, He-3, He-4
Abstract

The monograph contains results of the coordinated research project conducted by the International Atomic Energy Agency with the purpose to explore the use of new isotope techniques together with conventional ones to better assess the hydrogeological conditions in the geological settings of nuclear power plant sites and to provide basic information that may be used for predicting the fate of radioactive contaminants, such as tritium, released into groundwater in case of a radiological accident and/or during normal operations. To this end, research projects were conducted in ten countries to characterize the groundwater system in the vicinity of NPPs which are at different stages of development. The monograph contains the reports of these ten research projects and a summary of the achievements of the individual projects. The results of the determination of isotopes 18O, 2H, 13C, 14C, 3H, 3Hе, 4Hе and noble gases in water were used. The results of traditional hydrochemical analyzes and distributions of 90Sr, uranium, and transuranic elements in groundwater were also used. This CRP aims to develop guidelines for studying the hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater in local and regional groundwater systems in the vicinity of nuclear power plants using environmental isotopes and conventional techniques. For scientists and engineers working in the field of hydrogeology, radioecology, and safety in nuclear energy, as well as for students and graduate students of geological and physical faculties of universities.

Published
2022
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13. Biomarker-Based Models for Preoperative Assessment of Adnexal Mass: A Multicenter Validation Study

Author

Rafał Watrowski, Eva Obermayr, Christine Wallisch, Stefanie Aust, Nicole Concin, Elena Ioana Braicu, Toon Van Gorp, Annette Hasenburg, Jalid Sehouli, Ignace Vergote, and Robert Zeillinger

Subjects
RISK, EXPRESSION, Cancer Research, Science & Technology, COPENHAGEN INDEX, ROMA, ovarian cancer, adnexal mass, tumor marker, predictive models, diagnostic accuracy, multiplex, Luminex, CA125, Copenhagen Index, OVARIAN-CANCER, PROTEIN BIOMARKERS, DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS, Oncology, OSTEOPONTIN, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, HE-4
Abstract

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal genital malignancy in women. We aimed to develop and validate new proteomic-based models for non-invasive diagnosis of OC. We also compared them to the modified Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA-50), the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I) and our earlier Proteomic Model 2017. Biomarkers were assessed using bead-based multiplex technology (Luminex®) in 356 women (250 with malignant and 106 with benign ovarian tumors) from five European centers. The training cohort included 279 women from three centers, and the validation cohort 77 women from two other centers. Of six previously studied serum proteins (CA125, HE4, osteopontin [OPN], prolactin, leptin, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor [MIF]), four contributed significantly to the Proteomic Model 2021 (CA125, OPN, prolactin, MIF), while leptin and HE4 were omitted by the algorithm. The Proteomic Model 2021 revealed a c-index of 0.98 (95% CI 0.96, 0.99) in the training cohort; however, in the validation cohort it only achieved a c-index of 0.82 (95% CI 0.72, 0.91). Adding patient age to the Proteomic Model 2021 constituted the Combined Model 2021, with a c-index of 0.99 (95% CI 0.97, 1) in the training cohort and a c-index of 0.86 (95% CI 0.78, 0.95) in the validation cohort. The Full Combined Model 2021 (all six proteins with age) yielded a c-index of 0.98 (95% CI 0.97, 0.99) in the training cohort and a c-index of 0.89 (95% CI 0.81, 0.97) in the validation cohort. The validation of our previous Proteomic Model 2017, as well as the ROMA-50 and CPH-I revealed a c-index of 0.9 (95% CI 0.82, 0.97), 0.54 (95% CI 0.38, 0.69) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.85, 0.98), respectively. In postmenopausal women, the three newly developed models all achieved a specificity of 1.00, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 1.00, and a sensitivity of >0.9. Performance in women under 50 years of age (c-index below 0.6) or with normal CA125 (c-index close to 0.5) was poor. CA125 and OPN had the best discriminating power as single markers. In summary, the CPH-I, the two combined 2021 Models, and the Proteomic Model 2017 showed satisfactory diagnostic accuracies, with no clear superiority of either model. Notably, although combining values of only four proteins with age, the Combined Model 2021 performed comparably to the Full Combined Model 2021. The models confirmed their exceptional diagnostic performance in women aged ≥50. All models outperformed the ROMA-50. ispartof: CANCERS vol:14 issue:7 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

Published
2022

14. Highly Mobile Metastable State of He-4 Thin Films: A Glass Transition by Mechanical Perturbation?

Author

Minoguchi, Tomoki

Subjects
*HELIUM isotopes, *GLASS transitions, *METASTABLE states, *QUANTUM perturbations, *ELECTRON glasses, *CONDENSATION
Abstract

Solid layers of helium on graphite surface are known to go into a highly mobile state (HMS) once the solid layer is enforced to slip on the substrate. The HMS collapses to the stable inert state with the lifetime extending over $$10^4$$ s. In this paper, we suggest that the HMS is a structural glass by showing the similarities between the present system and an organic conductor named BEDT-TTF. The latter was recently discovered to be an electronic glass if the cooling rate is rapid enough across the freezing temperature (Wigner crystal formation temperature). We then address a novel annealing process promoted by a local condensate which should be seen for the present He-4 case as the condensation fraction grows in the liquid overlayer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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15. Improved early detection of ovarian cancer using longitudinal multimarker models

Author

Jatinderpal Kalsi, John F. Timms, Usha Menon, Harry J. Whitwell, Alexey Zaikin, Richard Gunu, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Jenny Worthington, Oleg Blyuss, Ian Jacobs, and Andrew M. Ryan

Subjects
Oncology, BIOMARKER, Proteomics, Cancer Research, endocrine system diseases, PROTEIN, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Biomarker discovery, CA-125, Early Detection of Cancer, RISK, Ovarian Neoplasms, 0303 health sciences, Middle Aged, Predictive value, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Survival Rate, Serous fluid, Late diagnosis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, AGR2, medicine.medical_specialty, Early detection, Proteomic analysis, Article, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Cancer screening, 03 medical and health sciences, CA125, Ovarian cancer, Internal medicine, COLLABORATIVE TRIAL, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, ALGORITHM, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Survival rate, HE-4, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Science & Technology, business.industry, Diagnostic markers, Serum samples, medicine.disease, Case-Control Studies, business
Abstract

Background Ovarian cancer has a poor survival rate due to late diagnosis and improved methods are needed for its early detection. Our primary objective was to identify and incorporate additional biomarkers into longitudinal models to improve on the performance of CA125 as a first-line screening test for ovarian cancer. Methods This case–control study nested within UKCTOCS used 490 serial serum samples from 49 women later diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 31 control women who were cancer-free. Proteomics-based biomarker discovery was carried out using pooled samples and selected candidates, including those from the literature, assayed in all serial samples. Multimarker longitudinal models were derived and tested against CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer. Results The best performing models, incorporating CA125, HE4, CHI3L1, PEBP4 and/or AGR2, provided 85.7% sensitivity at 95.4% specificity up to 1 year before diagnosis, significantly improving on CA125 alone. For Type II cases (mostly high-grade serous), models achieved 95.5% sensitivity at 95.4% specificity. Predictive values were elevated earlier than CA125, showing the potential of models to improve lead time. Conclusions We have identified candidate biomarkers and tested longitudinal multimarker models that significantly improve on CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer. These models now warrant independent validation.

Published
2020

16. RNA biomarkers from proximal liquid biopsy for diagnosis of ovarian cancer

Author

Eva Hulstaert, Keren Levanon, Annelien Morlion, Stefan Van Aelst, Anthony-Alexander Christidis, Ruben Zamar, Jasper Anckaert, Kimberly Verniers, Keren Bahar-Shany, Stav Sapoznik, Jo Vandesompele, and Pieter Mestdagh

Subjects
EXPRESSION, Cancer Research, Utero-tubal lavage, Cell-free RNA, CA125, Ovarian cancer, Medicine and Health Sciences, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, RNA, Messenger, ALGORITHM, RC254-282, Early Detection of Cancer, HE-4, Original Research, Ovarian Neoplasms, RISK, Science & Technology, Liquid biopsy, MORTALITY, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Biomarker, Prognosis, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, MicroRNAs, VARIABLE SELECTION, Oncology, Case-Control Studies, REGULARIZATION, RNA, Female, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a high mortality rate. Current screening strategies fail to improve prognosis because markers that are sensitive for early stage disease are lacking. This medical need justifies the search for novel approaches using utero-tubal lavage as a proximal liquid biopsy. METHODS: In this study, we explore the extracellular transcriptome of utero-tubal lavage fluid obtained from 26 ovarian cancer patients and 48 controls using messenger RNA (mRNA) capture and small RNA sequencing. RESULTS: We observed an enrichment of ovarian and fallopian tube specific messenger RNAs in utero-tubal lavage fluid compared to other human biofluids. Over 300 mRNAs and 41 miRNAs were upregulated in ovarian cancer samples compared with controls. Upregulated genes were enriched for genes involved in cell cycle activation and proliferation, hinting at a tumor-derived signal. CONCLUSION: This is a proof-of-principle that mRNA capture sequencing of utero-tubal lavage fluid is technically feasible, and that the extracellular transcriptome of utero-tubal lavage should be further explored in larger cohorts to assess the diagnostic value of the biomarkers identified in this study. IMPACT: Proximal liquid biopsy from the gynecologic tract is a promising source for mRNA and miRNA biomarkers for diagnosis of early-stage ovarian cancer. ispartof: NEOPLASIA vol:24 issue:2 pages:155-164 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2022

17. Biomarker changes as surrogate endpoints in early-phase trials in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Author

Savarese, Gianluigi, Uijl, Alicia, Ouwerkerk, Wouter, Tromp, Jasper, Anker, Stefan D., Dickstein, Kenneth, Hage, Camilla, Lam, Carolyn S.P., Lang, Chim C., Metra, Marco, Ng, Leong L., Orsini, Nicola, Samani, Nilesh J., van Veldhuisen, Dirk J., Cleland, John G.F., Voors, Adriaan A., Lund, Lars H., Epidemiology and Data Science, and Cardiovascular Centre (CVC)

Subjects
Heart Failure, Biomarkers, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, Phase 2, Randomized trial, Surrogate endpoint, Surrogate outcome, Hospitalization, Humans, Prognosis, Stroke Volume, NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE, MORTALITY, INHIBITION, PROTEIN, ASSOCIATION, DIAGNOSIS, EUROPEAN-SOCIETY, VALIDATION, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, HE-4
Abstract

Aims No biomarker has achieved widespread acceptance as a surrogate endpoint for early-phase heart failure (HF) trials. We assessed whether changes over time in a panel of plasma biomarkers were associated with subsequent morbidity/mortality in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and results In 1040 patients with HFrEF from the BIOSTAT-CHF cohort, we investigated the associations between changes in the plasma concentrations of 30 biomarkers, before (baseline) and after (9 months) attempted optimization of guideline-recommended therapy, on top of the BIOSTAT risk score and the subsequent risk of HF hospitalization/all-cause mortality using Cox regression models. C-statistics were calculated to assess discriminatory power of biomarker changes/month-nine assessment. Changes in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and WAP four-disulphide core domain protein HE4 (WAP-4C) were the only independent predictors of the outcome after adjusting for their baseline plasma concentration, 28 other biomarkers (both baseline and changes), and BIOSTAT risk score at baseline. When adjusting for month-nine rather than baseline biomarkers concentrations, only changes in NT-proBNP were independently associated with the outcome. The C-statistic of the model including the BIOSTAT risk score and NT-proBNP increased by 4% when changes were considered on top of baseline concentrations and by 1% when changes in NT-proBNP were considered on top of its month-nine concentrations and the BIOSTAT risk score. Conclusions Among 30 relevant biomarkers, a change over time was significantly and independently associated with HF hospitalization/all-cause death only for NT-proBNP. Changes over time were modestly more prognostic than baseline or end-values alone. Changes in biomarkers should be further explored as potential surrogate endpoints in early phase HF trials. publishedVersion

Published
2022

18. Diagnostic and prognostic values of preoperative serumlevels of YKL-40, HE-4 and DKK-3 in endometrial cancer.

Author

Kemik, Pınar, Saatli, Bahadır, Yıldırım, Nuri, Kemik, Vahit Doğu, Deveci, Banu, Terek, Mustafa Coşan, Koçtürk, Semra, Koyuncuoğlu, Meral, and Saygılı, Uğur

Subjects
*ENDOMETRIAL cancer, *TREATMENT of endometrial cancer, *PREOPERATIVE care, *LONGITUDINAL method, *GYNECOLOGY, *PROGNOSIS, DIAGNOSIS of endometrial cancer
Abstract

Objective. The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of YKL-40, HE-4 and DKK-3 levels in early diagnosis of patients with endometrial cancer and in the pre-operative estimation of the prognostic parameters such as stage, grade and the extension of the disease. Methods. In this prospective study, 50 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 50 women as a control group, who applied to Dokuz Eylul University and Ege University Faculties of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics between May 2011-May 2012 were included. CA125, HE-4, YKL-40 and DKK-3 serum levels were measured by ELISA and compared between two groups. The relation between serum levels and histopathological results, extension of disease and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results. Preoperative serum CA125, HE-4 and YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in endometrial cancer group (p < 0.001). Serum HE-4 levels were significantly higher in advanced stages (p=0.004). When we examined early stage patients, YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in non-endometrioid histology compared with endometrioid adenocarcinoma (p=0.022). We also examined the relation between the markers and prognostic factors. Different from other markers, HE-4 levels were significantly higher in endometrial cancer patients who had lymphovascular space involvement, lower uterine segment involvement, endocervical stromal involvement, and deep myometrial invasion. Conclusion. YKL-40 and HE-4were significantly higher in patients with endometrial cancer. HE-4 seems to be superior to YKL-40 in discriminating early and advanced stages. Additionally, HE4 is significantly correlated with prognostic factors. HE-4 and YKL-40 may be successful in early determination of endometrial cancer and in detection of high risk subsets before surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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19. Jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

Author

The ALICE collaboration, Acharya, S., Adamova, D., Kim, D. J., Krizek, F., Novitzky, Norbert, Onnerstad, B.S., Parkkila, J. E., Rak, Jan, Rytkönen, Heidi Maria, Räsänen, Sami, Saarimäki, Oskari Antti Matti, Slupecki, M., Trzaska, W. H., and Helsinki Institute of Physics

Subjects
PB-PB COLLISIONS, E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS, CHARGED-PARTICLES, SEARCH, Nuclear Theory, MULTIPLICITY DEPENDENCE, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, PROTON, 114 Physical sciences, HE-4
Abstract

Deuteron production in high-energy collisions is sensitive to the space-time evolution of the collision system, and is typically described by a coalescence mechanism. For the first time, we present results on jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at root s = 13 TeV, providing an opportunity to test the established picture for deuteron production in events with a hard scattering. Using a trigger particle with high transverse-momentum (p(T) > 5 GeV/c) as a proxy for the presence of a jet at midrapidity, we observe a measurable population of deuterons being produced around the jet proxy. The associated deuteron yield measured in a narrow angular range around the trigger particle differs by 2.4-4.8 standard deviations from the uncorrelated background. The data are described by PYTHIA model calculations featuring baryon coalescence. (C) 2021 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2021

20. Preliminary results coupling 'Stochastic Mean Field' and 'Boltzmann-Langevin One Body' models with Geant4

Author

P. Napolitani, Luciano Pandola, Barbara Caccia, M. Asai, Riccardo Faccini, D. H. Wright, Carlo Mancini-Terracciano, G.A.P. Cirrone, Maria Colonna, and Andrea Dotti

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, COLLISIONS, Monte Carlo method, Biophysics, SECONDARY RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, General Physics and Astronomy, HEAVY-ION, THERAPY, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Hadron-therapy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Statistical physics, HE-4, Monte Carlo simulation, Physics, Coalescence (physics), Stochastic Processes, Ion therapy, General Medicine, Alpha particle, BEAMS, Mean field theory, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Boltzmann constant, symbols, SCANNED PROTON, FRAGMENTATION, Monte Carlo Method, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS, Excitation, RADIOTHERAPY
Abstract

Purpose Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are widely used for medical applications and nuclear reaction models are fundamental for the simulation of the particle interactions with patients in ion therapy. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have reliable models in MC simulations for such interactions. Geant4 is one of the most used toolkits for MC simulation. However, its models showed severe limitations in reproducing the yields measured in the interaction of ion beams below 100 MeV/u with thin targets. For this reason, we interfaced two models, SMF (“Stochastic Mean Field”) and BLOB (“Boltzmann-Langevin One Body”), dedicated to simulate such reactions, with Geant4. Methods Both SMF and BLOB are semi-classical, one-body approaches to solve the Boltzmann-Langevin equation. They include an identical treatment of the mean-field propagation, on the basis of the same effective interaction, but they differ in the way fluctuations are included. Furthermore, we tested a correction to the excitation energy calculated for the light fragments emerging from the simulations and a simple coalescence model. Results While both SMF and BLOB have been developed to simulate heavy ion interactions, they show very good results in reproducing the experimental yields of light fragments, up to alpha particles, obtained in the interaction of 12C with a thin carbon target at 62 MeV/u. Conclusions BLOB in particular gives promising results and this stresses the importance of integrating it into the Geant4 toolkit.

Published
2019
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21. Clinically inappropriate post hoc exclusion of study participants from test accuracy calculations

Author

Shelley de Kock, Sohan Deshpande, Bram Ramaekers, Sabine Grimm, Nigel Armstrong, Jos Kleijnen, Shona H. Lang, Marie Westwood, RS: CAPHRI - R2 - Creating Value-Based Health Care, MUMC+: KIO Kemta (9), RS: CAPHRI - R6 - Promoting Health & Personalised Care, and Family Medicine

Subjects
030213 general clinical medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Post hoc, Clinical Biochemistry, Statistics as Topic, Nice, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Diagnostic accuracy, Cancer detection, Sensitivity and Specificity, CUTOFF VALUES, 03 medical and health sciences, CA125, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, cancer, Medical physics, Diagnostic Errors, PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS, HE-4, INDEX, computer.programming_language, Ovarian Neoplasms, RISK, business.industry, Patient Selection, Clinical Studies as Topic, CANCER DETECTION, WOMEN, General Medicine, Test (assessment), Data Accuracy, statistics, Diagnostic assessment, Female, DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS, business, computer, Tumour markers, OVARIAN MALIGNANCY ALGORITHM, Systematic Reviews as Topic
Abstract

Objective To explore how the definition of the target condition and post hoc exclusion of participants can limit the usefulness of diagnostic accuracy studies. Methods We used data from a systematic review, conducted for a NICE diagnostic assessment of risk scores to inform secondary care decisions about specialist referral for women with suspected ovarian cancer, to explore how the definition of the target condition and post hoc exclusion of participants can limit the usefulness of diagnostic accuracy studies to inform clinical practice. Results Fourteen of the studies evaluated the ROMA score, nine used Abbott ARCHITECT tumour marker assays, five used Roche Elecsys. The summary sensitivity estimate (Abbott ARCHITECT) was highest, 95.1% (95% CI: 92.4 to 97.1%), where analyses excluded participants with borderline tumours or malignancies other than epithelial ovarian cancer and lowest, 75.0% (95% CI: 60.4 to 86.4%), where all participants were included. Results were similar for Roche Elecsys tumour marker assays. Although the number of patients involved was small, data from studies that reported diagnostic accuracy for both the whole study population and with post hoc exclusion of those with borderline or non-epithelial malignancies suggested that patients with borderline or malignancies other than epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for between 50 and 85% of false-negative ROMA scores. Conclusions Our results illustrate the potential consequences of inappropriate population selection in diagnostic studies; women with non-epithelial ovarian cancers or non-ovarian primaries, and those borderline tumours may be disproportionately represented among those with false negative, ‘low risk’ ROMA scores. These observations highlight the importance of giving careful consideration to how the target condition has been defined when assessing whether the diagnostic accuracy estimates reported in clinical studies will translate into clinical utility in real-world settings.

Published
2019
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22. Jet-associated deuteron production in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV

Author

Acharya, S, Adamova, D., Adolfson, J, Aggarwal, M., Rinella, G., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N, Bufalino, S., Concas, M., Catalano, F., Fecchio, P., and Balbino, A.

Subjects
PB-PB COLLISIONS, MULTIPLICITY DEPENDENCE, E(+)E(-) COLLISIONS, CHARGED-PARTICLES, SEARCH, PROTON, HE-4
Published
2021

23. DEVELOPMENT OF A 4 K STIRLING-TYPE PULSE TUBE CRYOCOOLER FOR A MOBILE TERAHERTZ DETECTION SYSTEM.

Author

Bradley, P. E., Gerecht, E., Radebaugh, R., and Garaway, I.

Subjects
*TERAHERTZ technology, *ENGINEERING instruments, *DETECTORS, *COOLING, *STAINLESS steel
Abstract

We discuss in this paper the design and development of a 4 K Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler for a mobile terahertz detection system. This system integrates new heterodyne detector technology at terahertz frequencies with advancements of Stirling-type pulse tube technology that brings the advent of cooled detector sensitivities in a mobile, compact, and long duration operation system without degradation of sensitivity. To achieve this goal we reduced overall system size, input power, and temperature fluctuations and mechanical vibrations in order to maintain the detector sensitivity. The Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler developed for this system is a hybrid design employing a He-4 pulse-tube cryocooler operating at 60 Hz and 2.5 MPa average pressure that precools a He-3 pulse tube cryocooler operating at 30 Hz and 1.0 MPa average pressure to achieve 4 K cooling for the terahertz receiver. The He-4 cryocooler employs stainless steel mesh regenerators for the first stage and ErPr spheres for the second stage, while the He-3 cryocooler employs stainless mesh for the first stage and ErPr spheres for the second stage with a layered rare-earth third stage regenerator. Design details and cooler performance goals are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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24. Spin-up of a superfluid vortex lattice driven by rough boundaries

Author

Luca Galantucci, N. A. Keepfer, Nick G. Parker, G. W. Stagg, and Carlo F. Barenghi

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed matter physics, Bose gas, Condensed Matter::Other, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Vorticity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Vortex, Superfluidity, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Lattice (order), Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Surface roughness, spatial-distribution, quantized vortices, HE-4, dynamics, visualization, nucleation, motions, helium, Spin-up, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Superfluid helium-4
Abstract

We study numerically the formation of a vortex lattice inside a rotating bucket containing superfluid helium, paying attention to an important feature which is practically unavoidable in all experiments: the microscopic roughness of the bucket's surface. We model this using the Gross-Pitaevskii for a weakly-interacting Bose gas, a model which is idealised when applied to superfluid helium but captures the key physics of the vortex dynamics which we are interested in. We find that the vortex lattice arises from the interaction and reconnections of nucleated U-shaped vortex lines, which merge and align along the axis of rotation. We quantify the effects which the surface roughness and remanent vortex lines play in this process., 11 pages, 12 figures

Published
2020
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25. Crossover from one to two dimensions in liquid He4 in a nanopore

Author

Henry R. Glyde, L. Vranješ Markić, and Krešimir Dželalija

Subjects
Physics, Density matrix, Condensed matter physics, Transition temperature, Center (category theory), Pair distribution function, 02 engineering and technology, Radius, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Superfluidity, Luttinger liquid, 0103 physical sciences, superfluid transition, Monte Carlo, HE-4, helium, Luttinger Liquid, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Using diffusion and path-integral Monte Carlo methods, we show that liquid $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ confined in a narrow nanopore of liquid radius $R=4\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{\AA{}}$ undergoes a crossover from a one-dimensional (1D) to a two-dimensional (2D) fluid as a function of liquid density. At low liquid density, e.g., a linear density ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.15 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, the liquid energy is at a minimum when the liquid lies in a line at the center of the pore. The pair distribution function $g(x)$, the one-body density matrix $n(x)$, and the superfluid fraction ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ all show 1D character that is well described by Luttinger liquid (LL) predictions. As density is increased, there is a crossover to 2D with the minimum energy configuration moving from a line at the center of the pore to a film near the pore walls. At linear density ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}g0.40 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, the $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ lies predominantly in a 2D cylindrical film midway between the center and the nanopore walls. The $g(x), n(x)$, and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{S}/{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}$ all show 2D character and the film has a low but finite transition temperature. $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ at a bulk liquid density corresponds to ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.6 {\text{\AA{}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ in the pore which lies in the 2D regime.

Published
2020
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26. Preliminary results in using Deep Learning to emulate BLOB, a nuclear interaction model

Author

Carlo Mancini-Terracciano, D. H. Wright, P. Napolitani, Luciano Pandola, S. Giagu, A. Ciardiello, Maria Colonna, Andrea Dotti, Barbara Caccia, M. Asai, Riccardo Faccini, A. Messina, G.A.P. Cirrone, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Computer science, Monte Carlo method, SECONDARY RADIATION MEASUREMENTS, General Physics and Astronomy, Ion-therapy, PROTON, THERAPY, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, ION-BEAMS, 0302 clinical medicine, DESIGN, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS]Physics [physics], General Medicine, Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph), Proof of concept, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Monte Carlo simulations, Deep Learning, Nuclear reactions, Hadron-therapy, Impact parameter, Nucleon, Monte Carlo Method, Physics - Computational Physics, Algorithm, RADIOTHERAPY, Computation, Biophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Probability density function, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], PHYSICS, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, GEANT4, HE-4, SCANNED, business.industry, Deep learning, Radiobiology, Physics - Medical Physics, Phase space, Artificial intelligence, Medical Physics (physics.med-ph), business, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS
Abstract

Purpose: A reliable model to simulate nuclear interactions is fundamental for Ion-therapy. We already showed how BLOB ("Boltzmann-Langevin One Body"), a model developed to simulate heavy ion interactions up to few hundreds of MeV/u, could simulate also $^{12}$C reactions in the same energy domain. However, its computation time is too long for any medical application. For this reason we present the possibility of emulating it with a Deep Learning algorithm. Methods: The BLOB final state is a Probability Density Function (PDF) of finding a nucleon in a position of the phase space. We discretised this PDF and trained a Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) to reproduce such a discrete PDF. As a proof of concept, we developed and trained a VAE to emulate BLOB in simulating the interactions of $^{12}$C with $^{12}$C at 62 MeV/u. To have more control on the generation, we forced the VAE latent space to be organised with respect to the impact parameter ($b$) training a classifier of $b$ jointly with the VAE. Results: The distributions obtained from the VAE are similar to the input ones and the computation time needed to use the VAE as a generator is negligible. Conclusions: We show that it is possible to use a Deep Learning approach to emulate a model developed to simulate nuclear reactions in the energy range of interest for Ion-therapy. We foresee the implementation of the generation part in C++ and to interface it with the most used Monte Carlo toolkit: Geant4., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Physica Medica

Published
2020
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28. Measurement of the low-energy antideuteron inelastic cross section

Author

Xinye Peng, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, Luis Gustavo Pereira, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, Andrey Erokhin, Ermanno Vercellin, Andrey Vasiliev, M. A. Mazzoni, H. Bossi, Alexander Bolozdynya, Boris Batyunya, Enrico Scomparin, Peter Glassel, Rafael Peretti Pezzi, Luca Micheletti, H. Borel, Shiming Yuan, Madan M. Aggarwal, Silvia Delsanto, Auro Prasad Mohanty, Franco Meddi, Dmitry Aleksandrov, Pavel Larionov, Franck Manso, Alexandra Neagu, Chinorat Kobdaj, Pooja Pareek, K. Schweda, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Evgeny Ryabinkin, Amelia Lindner, Dmitry Finogeev, Irais Bautista Guzman, Alexei Khanzadeev, Neelima Agrawal, M. S. Islam, Rosario Turrisi, Wenjing Deng, Igor Pshenichnov, I. Das, Ingrid Mckibben Lofnes, Z. Conesa del Valle, A. Di Mauro, Bernhard Hohlweger, Dong Jo Kim, Joakim Nystrand, Rene Bellwied, Himani Bhatt, Evgeny Kondratyuk, Jan Figiel, Alperen Yuncu, Tariq Mahmoud, Sylvain Chapeland, A. Hornung, Jørgen André Lien, Rinaldo Rui, M. Fusco Girard, Peter Braun-Munzinger, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, William Edward Witt, Sergey Evdokimov, Alberto Collu, Samrangy Sadhu, Lukas Tropp, Carlos Duarte Galvan, Julian Wojciech Myrcha, Arthur Willem Jean Gal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Boris Wagner, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andrew Michael Kubera, Petr Nomokonov, Shinichi Hayashi, Tatiana Lazareva, Christian Holm Christensen, Florian Jonas, Pragati Sahoo, Rosario Nania, Shafiq Ahmad, E. Stenlund, Adam Tadeusz Wegrzynek, Vivek Singh, Ejiro Naomi Umaka, Martino Gagliardi, Clara Bartels, Bruno Espagnon, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, A. A. Vinogradov, A. Fernández Téllez, Horst Sebastian Scheid, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, Valeriy Pozdniakov, Sven Gotovac, Zabulon Vilakazi, A. V. Kazantsev, Vojtech Pacik, Francesco Noferini, Lukas Kreis, L. Nellen, Germano Bonomi, Aleksey M. Tikhonov, Monika Joanna Jakubowska, Miguel Arratia, David Horak, Rashmi Raniwala, Giulio Usai, Dirk Hutter, Luca Quaglia, Roman Lavicka, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, Ola Slettevoll Groettvik, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, Valentina Mantovani Sarti, D. Di Bari, Arnon Songmoolnak, A. Kondratyev, E. A. R. Casula, Sebastian Hornung, Claude Andre Pruneau, T. Kollegger, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, Natalia Kondratyeva, Saikat Biswas, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Jonatan Adolfsson, Michael Linus Knichel, Gian Michele Innocenti, Neetika Sharma, M. Bombara, Michal Meres, Markus Fasel, M. J. Kweon, Ralf Keidel, Jan Jadlovsky, D. L. Mihaylov, Hiroki Yokoyama, Alexander Borissov, Stefano Piano, Michael Rudolf Ciupek, Sourav Kundu, Ernst Hellbar, Marie Germain, Roberto Barbera, A. Maire, Anton Jusko, Elena Botta, D. Peresunko, Ivan Kralik, Basanta Kumar Nandi, Jerome Jung, C. Beattie, Sergey Shirinkin, Archana Sharma, S. Vergara Limón, Rishat Sultanov, Linda Vickovic, Nicolo Jacazio, Pietro Cortese, Artem Isakov, Sean Murray, Andrea Alici, Andreas Michael Mathis, Luciana Bianchi, Dimitra Andreou, Sumit Basu, Miroslav Pikna, Mario Sitta, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Peter Levai, Lucia Anna Husova, Kunal Garg, Rita Sadek, Maximiliano Puccio, Raimond Snellings, Andrei Riabov, Norbert Novitzky, Håvard Helstrup, Austin Vincent Harton, Bharati Naik, Y. Pestov, A. Rossi, Daniel Dabrowski, Nilmoni Sarkar, Vladimir Vechernin, Yasir Ali, Christopher Daniel Anson, Sreeganga S. Chandra, Przemyslaw Karczmarczyk, Oliver Thomas Jevons, Dai-Mei Zhou, Stefano Boi, Michal Broz, Victor Jose Gaston Feuillard, Alberto Rotondi, Mihaela Gabriela Besoiu, R. Haake, Giacomo Contin, Filippo Costa, Jan Honermann, Philip Hauer, C. D. Martin, Ezra Douglas Lesser, Rabi Soto Camacho, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Sizar Aziz, S. K. Ghosh, A. Harlenderova, Suman Deb, Federico Antinori, Chiara Pinto, Alexander Vodopyanov, C. J. Schmidt, Felix Reidt, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, Svetlana Kushpil, Lee Stuart Barnby, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Piero Giubilato, Alberica Toia, Alice Elisabeth Ohlson, Leo Clifford Greiner, Alexandr Tumkin, Antonina Rosano, Rathijit Biswas, Jan Musinsky, Pascal Dillenseger, Jan Anton Hasenbichler, A. J. Castro, Abhi Modak, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, V. Chibante Barroso, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Raghunath Sahoo, Magnus Mager, Ombretta Pinazza, E. Nappi, Susan L. Swain, Lucas Altenkamper, Sarita Sahoo, A. M. Gago, Cristian Andrei, Jan Rak, Venelin Anguelov, R. A. Negrao De Oliveira, Y. J. Kwon, Igor Morozov, Michelangelo Agnello, Piotr Nowakowski, Valerie Ramillien Barret, I. León Monzón, Pietro Antonioli, Ryan Patrick Hannigan, Elena Rogochaya, Luisa Cifarelli, Oliver Matonoha, Nataliya Topilskaya, Giuseppe Mandaglio, Z. Rescakova, Joshua Leon Konig, C. Cicalo, Patrick Huhn, Slavka Jadlovska, Silvia Arcelli, Purushottam Chakraborty, Suharyo Sumowidagdo, M. Buckland, Fiorella Maria Celeste Fionda, J. Schambach, Gabor Biro, Ana Maria Marin, Johannes Peter Wessels, Serpil Yalcin, Hushnud Hushnud, L. A. P. Moreno, Christoph Mayer, R. D. Majka, Sushanta Tripathy, Rahul Ramachandran Nair, Jochen Klein, Jacobb Lee Martinez, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Jacopo Pazzini, P. F. T. Matuoka, Ulrich Fuchs, Yu. V. Kharlov, Ali Zaman, Z. Buthelezi, Michael Lettrich, C. Ceballos Sanchez, Serhiy Senyukov, Susanna Costanza, Cristina Terrevoli, Ivan Kisel, U. Frankenfeld, Jens Robert Luhder, Naghmeh Mohammadi, Ran Xu, Magnus Rentsch Ersdal, Edmundo Javier Garcia-Solis, Q. U. Hassan, Johanna Stachel, Anton Andronic, David Dobrigkeit Chinellato, Ranjit Nayak, Anju Bhasin, G. A. Feofilov, Somnath Kar, Antonio Uras, Elisa Meninno, Sudhir Pandurang Rode, Z. Yin, Syaefudin Jaelani, Marco Marquard, M. O. 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Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, Pietro Fecchio, Sang Un Ahn, Panagiotis Christakoglou, Xuan Zhang, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, Jeremy John Wilkinson, Agneta Oskarsson, Olja Dordic, T. P. Sinha, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Toru Sugitate, Yudi Ma, Pranjal Sarma, A. Matyja, Janusz Oleniacz, Y. Berdnikov, Ana Vargas, Junjie Zhu, B. Ketzer, Vytautas Vislavicius, Elena Bruna, Sibaji Raha, Filip Erhardt, Austin Robert Schmier, Debasish Das, Ranbir Singh, Simon Voigt Nesbø, Boris Rumyantsev, S. N. Alam, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Viljar Nilsen Eikeland, Dominik Voscek, Malgorzata Anna Janik, Rutuparna Rath, Kirill Lapidus, Antoine Xavier Lardeux, Ganesh Jagannath Tambave, Elisa Laudi, Jin-Hong Park, Henner Buesching, E. Fragiacomo, S. L. La Pointe, David H. Evans, Monika Varga-Kofarago, Andrea Festanti, Ian Gardner Bearden, Daiki Sekihata, Yingchun Zhu, Philippe Pillot, Diego Stocco, Baidyanath Sahoo, Alexey Kuryakin, A. 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Lofnes I.M., Loginov V., Loizides C., Loncar P., Lopez J.A., Lopez X., Lopez Torres E., Luhder J.R., Lunardon M., Luparello G., Ma Y.G., Maevskaya A., Mager M., Mahmood S.M., Mahmoud T., Maire A., Majka R.D., Malaev M., Malik Q.W., Malinina L., Mal'kevich D., Malzacher P., Mandaglio G., Manko V., Manso F., Manzari V., Mao Y., Marchisone M., Mares J., Margagliotti G.V., Margotti A., Marin A., Markert C., Marquard M., Martin C.D., Martin N.A., Martinengo P., Martinez J.L., Martinez M.I., Martinez Garcia G., Masciocchi S., Masera M., Masoni A., Massacrier L., Masson E., Mastroserio A., Mathis A.M., Matonoha O., Matuoka P.F.T., Matyja A., Mayer C., Mazzaschi F., Mazzilli M., Mazzoni M.A., Mechler A.F., Meddi F., Melikyan Y., Menchaca-Rocha A., Mengke C., Meninno E., Menon A.S., Meres M., Mhlanga S., Miake Y., Micheletti L., Migliorin L.C., Mihaylov D.L., Mikhaylov K., Mishra A.N., Miskowiec D., Modak A., Mohammadi N., Mohanty A.P., Mohanty B., Mohisin Khan M., Moravcova Z., Mordasini C., Moreira De Godoy D.A., Moreno L.A.P., Morozov I., Morsch A., Mrnjavac T., Muccifora V., Mudnic E., Muhlheim D., Muhuri S., Mulligan J.D., Mulliri A., Munhoz M.G., Munzer R.H., Murakami H., Murray S., Musa L., Musinsky J., Myers C.J., Myrcha J.W., Naik B., Nair R., Nandi B.K., Nania R., Nappi E., Naru M.U., Nassirpour A.F., Nattrass C., Nayak R., Nayak T.K., Nazarenko S., Neagu A., Negrao De Oliveira R.A., Nellen L., Nesbo S.V., Neskovic G., Nesterov D., Neumann L.T., Nielsen B.S., Nikolaev S., Nikulin S., Nikulin V., Noferini F., Nomokonov P., Norman J., Novitzky N., Nowakowski P., Nyanin A., Nystrand J., Ogino M., Ohlson A., Oleniacz J., Oliveira Da Silva A.C., Oliver M.H., Oppedisano C., Ortiz Velasquez A., Oskarsson A., Otwinowski J., Oyama K., Pachmayer Y., Pacik V., Padhan S., Pagano D., Paic G., Pan J., Panebianco S., Pareek P., Park J., Parkkila J.E., Parmar S., Pathak S.P., Paul B., Pazzini J., Pei H., Peitzmann T., Peng X., Pereira L.G., Pereira Da Costa H., Peresunko D., Perez G.M., Perrin S., Pestov Y., Petracek V., Petrovici M., Pezzi R.P., Piano S., Pikna M., Pillot P., Pinazza O., Pinsky L., Pinto C., Pisano S., Pistone D., Ploskon M., Planinic M., Pliquett F., Poghosyan M.G., Polichtchouk B., Poljak N., Pop A., Porteboeuf-Houssais S., Pozdniakov V., Prasad S.K., Preghenella R., Prino F., Pruneau C.A., Pshenichnov I., Puccio M., Putschke J., Qiu S., Quaglia L., Quishpe R.E., Ragoni S., Raha S., Rajput S., Rak J., Rakotozafindrabe A., Ramello L., Rami F., Ramirez S.A.R., Raniwala R., Raniwala S., Rasanen S.S., Rath R., Ratza V., Ravasenga I., Read K.F., Redelbach A.R., Redlich K., Rehman A., Reichelt P., Reidt F., Ren X., Renfordt R., Rescakova Z., Reygers K., Riabov A., Riabov V., Richert T., Richter M., Riedler P., Riegler W., Riggi F., Ristea C., Rode S.P., Rodriguez Cahuantzi M., Roed K., Rogalev R., Rogochaya E., Rohr D., Rohrich D., Rojas P.F., Rokita P.S., Ronchetti F., Rosano A., Rosas E.D., Roslon K., Rossi A., Rotondi A., Roy A., Roy P., Rueda O.V., Rui R., Rumyantsev B., Rustamov A., Ryabinkin E., Ryabov Y., Rybicki A., Rytkonen H., Saarimaki O.A.M., Sadek R., Sadhu S., Sadovsky S., Safarik K., Saha S.K., Sahoo B., Sahoo P., Sahoo R., Sahoo S., Sahu P.K., Saini J., Sakai S., Sambyal S., Samsonov V., Sarkar D., Sarkar N., Sarma P., Sarti V.M., Sas M.H.P., Scapparone E., Schambach J., Scheid H.S., Schiaua C., Schicker R., Schmah A., Schmidt C., Schmidt H.R., Schmidt M.O., Schmidt M., Schmidt N.V., Schmier A.R., Schukraft J., Schutz Y., Schwarz K., Schweda K., Scioli G., Scomparin E., Seger J.E., Sekiguchi Y., Sekihata D., Selyuzhenkov I., Senyukov S., Serebryakov D., Sevcenco A., Shabanov A., Shabetai A., Shahoyan R., Shaikh W., Shangaraev A., Sharma A., Sharma H., Sharma M., Sharma N., Sharma S., Sheibani O., Shigaki K., Shimomura M., Shirinkin S., Shou Q., Sibiriak Y., Siddhanta S., Siemiarczuk T., Silvermyr D., Simatovic G., Simonetti G., Singh B., Singh R., Singh V.K., Singhal V., Sinha T., Sitar B., Sitta M., Skaali T.B., Slupecki M., Smirnov N., Snellings R.J.M., Soncco C., Song J., Songmoolnak A., Soramel F., Sorensen S., Sputowska I., Stachel J., Stan I., Steffanic P.J., Stenlund E., Stiefelmaier S.F., Stocco D., Storetvedt M.M., Stritto L.D., Suaide A.A.P., Sugitate T., Suire C., Suleymanov M., Suljic M., Sultanov R., Sumbera M., Sumberia V., Sumowidagdo S., Swain S., Szabo A., Szarka I., Tabassam U., Taghavi S.F., Taillepied G., Takahashi J., Tambave G.J., Tang S., Tarhini M., Tarzila M.G., Tauro A., Tejeda Munoz G., Telesca A., Terlizzi L., Terrevoli C., Thakur D., Thakur S., Thomas D., Thoresen F., Tieulent R., Tikhonov A., Timmins A.R., Toia A., Topilskaya N., Toppi M., Torales-Acosta F., Torres S.R., Trifiro A., Tripathy S., Tripathy T., Trogolo S., Trombetta G., Tropp L., Trubnikov V., Trzaska W.H., Trzcinski T.P., Trzeciak B.A., Tumkin A., Turrisi R., Tveter T.S., Ullaland K., Umaka E.N., Uras A., Usai G.L., Vala M., Valle N., Vallero S., Van Der Kolk N., Van Doremalen L.V.R., Van Leeuwen M., Vande Vyvre P., Varga D., Varga Z., Varga-Kofarago M., Vargas A., Vasileiou M., Vasiliev A., Vazquez Doce O., Vechernin V., Vercellin E., Vergara Limon S., Vermunt L., Vernet R., Vertesi R., Vickovic L., Vilakazi Z., Villalobos Baillie O., Vino G., Vinogradov A., Virgili T., Vislavicius V., Vodopyanov A., Volkel B., Volkl M.A., Voloshin K., Voloshin S.A., Volpe G., Von Haller B., Vorobyev I., Voscek D., Vrlakova J., Wagner B., Weber M., Weber S.G., Wegrzynek A., Wenzel S.C., Wessels J.P., Wiechula J., Wikne J., Wilk G., Wilkinson J., Willems G.A., Willsher E., Windelband B., Winn M., Witt W.E., Wright J.R., Wu Y., Xu R., Yalcin S., Yamaguchi Y., Yamakawa K., Yang S., Yano S., Yin Z., Yokoyama H., Yoo I.-K., Yoon J.H., Yuan S., Yuncu A., Yurchenko V., Zaccolo V., Zaman A., Zampolli C., Zanoli H.J.C., Zardoshti N., Zarochentsev A., Zavada P., Zaviyalov N., Zbroszczyk H., Zhalov M., Zhang S., Zhang X., Zhang Z., Zherebchevskii V., Zhi Y., Zhou D., Zhou Y., Zhou Z., Zhu J., Zhu Y., Zichichi A., Zinovjev G., Zurlo N., Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ALICE, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
interaction [cosmic radiation], MOMENTUM RANGE, Antiparticle, Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP], Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, PROPAGATION, cosmic radiation: interaction, hiukkasfysiikka, nucl-ex, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), ALICE, benchmark, nucleon nucleon, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), antideuteron, model: Glauber, propagation, Anti-nuclei, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], ABSORPTION, Antimatter, heavy ion reactions, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, hadron-hadron scattering, Nuclear Physics, LHC, ALICE, Physics, antinuclei cross sections, Large Hadron Collider, p: spectrum, spectrum [p], VDP::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431, anti-p, ddc, 3. Good health, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP], DEUTERONS, antimateria, VDP::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431, COALESCENCE, GEANT, antinucleus: production, ydinfysiikka, Particle Physics - Experiment, PB-PB COLLISIONS, CERN Lab, interpretation of experiments: CERN LHC Coll, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Physics and Astronomy(all), 114 Physical sciences, dark matter, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Cross section (physics), 0103 physical sciences, SCATTERING, ddc:530, ALICE experiment, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, numerical calculations, 010306 general physics, HE-4, LIGHT-NUCLEI, GEV-C, hep-ex, Glauber [model], low-energy antideuteron, cross section, parametrization, antiparticle, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, Antiproton, CERN LHC Coll [interpretation of experiments], Elementary Particles and Fields, High Energy Physics::Experiment, production [antinucleus], Glauber
Abstract

In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of $0.3 \leq p < 4$ GeV/$c$. The measurement is carried out using p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC and utilizing the detector material as an absorber for antideuterons and antiprotons. The extracted raw primary antiparticle-to-particle ratios are compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the GEANT4 toolkit for the propagation of antiparticles through the detector material. The analysis of the raw primary (anti)proton spectra serves as a benchmark for this study, since their hadronic interaction cross sections are well constrained experimentally. The first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions averaged over the ALICE detector material with atomic mass numbers $\langle A \rangle$ = 17.4 and 31.8 is obtained. The measured inelastic cross section points to a possible excess with respect to the Glauber model parameterization used in GEANT4 in the lowest momentum interval of $0.3 \leq p < 0.47$ GeV/$c$ up to a factor 2.1. This result is relevant for the understanding of antimatter propagation and the contributions to antinuclei production from cosmic ray interactions within the interstellar medium. In addition, the momentum range covered by this measurement is of particular importance to evaluate signal predictions for indirect dark-matter searches., 18 pages, 4 captioned figures, authors from page 12, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/6219

Published
2020
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29. Investigating the clinical potential for 14-3-3 zeta protein to serve as a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Author

Hatzipetros, Ioannis, Gocze, Peter, Koszegi, Tamas, Jaray, Akos, Szereday, Laszlo, Polgar, Beata, Farkas, Nelli, and Farkas, Balint

Subjects
*OVARIAN cancer, *EPITHELIAL cells, *BIOMARKERS, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *ONCOLOGY
Abstract

Objective Recently, 14-3-3 zeta protein was identified as a potential serum biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The goal of this study was to investigate the clinical potential of 14-3- 3 zeta protein for monitoring EOC progression compared with CA-125 and HE4. Design Prospective follow-up study. Setting University of Pecs Medical Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Oncology (Pecs, Hungary). Population Thirteen EOC patients with advanced stage (FIGO IIb-IIIc) epithelial ovarian cancer that underwent radical surgery and received six consecutive cycles of first line chemotherapy (paclitaxel, carboplatin) in 21-day intervals. Methods Pre- and post-chemotherapy computed tomography (CT) scans were performed. Serum levels of CA-125, HE4, and 14-3-3 zeta protein were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLIA). Main outcome measures Serum levels of CA-125, HE4, and 14-3-3 zeta protein, as well as lesion size according to pre- and post-chemotherapy CT scans. Results Serum levels of CA-125 and HE4 were found to significantly decrease following chemotherapy, and this was consistent with the decrease in lesion size detected postchemotherapy. In contrast, 14-3-3 zeta protein levels did not significantly differ in healthy postmenopausal patients versus EOC patients. Conclusions Determination of CA-125 and HE4 serum levels for the determination of the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) represents a useful tool for the prediction of chemotherapy efficacy for EOC patients. However, levels of 14-3-3 zeta protein were not found to vary significantly as a consequence of treatment. Therefore we question if 14-3-3 zeta protein is a reliable biomarker, which correlates with the clinical behavior of EOC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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30. Simultaneous Measurement of two Serum Markers (CA-125 and HE-4) while Diagnosing Malignant Ovarian Epithelial Tumors.

Author

Modarres-Gilani, Mitra, Ghaemmaghami, Fatemeh, Mousavi, Ashrafossadat, Abbasi, Fatemeh, Abdollahi, Alireza, and Shoar, Saeed

Subjects
*DISEASES in women, *OVARIAN tumors, *BIOMARKERS, *SERUM, *BIOPSY, *CLINICAL pathology, *DIAGNOSIS, EPITHELIAL cell tumors
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the benefits of simultaneous measurement of CA-125 and HE-4 markers while diagnosing malignant epithelial tumors in the ovary. By this, the combined measurement of serum markers will possibly add to the accuracy of diagnosing such ovarian tumor. Methodology: Performing a cross- sectional study on 87 women with ovarian mass, serum levels of CA125 and HE4 markers were measured before surgery or biopsy. In the wake of the surgery or biopsy, the results obtained from these tests were compared and analyzed with pathological report. Results: The average serum level of CA-125 and HE-4 serum was notably higher in women with ovarian malignancy than in those with benignancy (CA-125: 502 vs. 19.3 v/ml, P < 0.001- HE4: 195 vs. 15.8 P mol/L, P < 0.001). As the disease stage rises, the level of these markers increases significantly. The two markers were also directly proportionate. (r = 0.85 and P < 0.001). There is also a meaningful difference between the levels of markers, specifically HE-4, in epithelial and non-epithelial tumors of ovary (HE-4: 195 vs. 93 P mol/L P <0.001). The simultaneous measurement of CA-125 and HE-4 increases the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing malignant epithelial tumors in ovary, compared with one- by- one measurement guideline. The sensitivity and specificity of simultaneous measurement of CA125 and HE4 for diagnosing epithelial ovarian cancer were calculated to be 99.5% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Simultaneous measurement of CA-125 and HE-4 increases the sensitivity and keep the specificity still high in diagnosing malignant epithelial tumors in ovary, compared with one-by-one measurement system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

31. Eruption and magma crystallization ages of Las Tres Vírgenes (Baja California) constrained by combined 230Th/238U and (U–Th)/He dating of zircon

Author

Schmitt, Axel K., Stockli, Daniel F., and Hausback, Brian P.

Subjects
*LAVA flows, *VOLCANISM, *MAGMATISM
Abstract

Abstract: Las Tres Vírgenes volcano is a calc-alkaline composite cone located near the main Gulf of California escarpment on the E coast of the Baja California peninsula. High-sensitivity ion microprobe U-series (230Th/238U) ages for zircon from La Vírgen tephra average 121−10 +12 ka (1σ; MSWD=2.7), with discrete age peaks at ∼100 and 160 ka. The noble gas mass spectrometric (U–Th)/He zircon age, corrected for disequilibrium and pre-eruptive storage, is 36±3 ka. This result for the eruption age of La Vírgen tephra is significantly older than previously postulated historic or Holocene ages that were based on an 18th century map reference and 14C dating of accidental charcoal, respectively. The new (U–Th)/He zircon age is consistent with a >26±4 ka age derived from cosmogenic He exposure dating of an overlying basaltic lava flow [Hausback, B.P. and Abrams, M.J., 1996. Plinian eruption of La Virgen Tephra, Volcán Las Tres Virgenes, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 77(46, Suppl.): 813–814.]. U–Pb zircon analysis of ignimbrites erupted from the adjacent Early Pleistocene La Reforma and El Aguajito calderas yielded ages of 1.38±0.03 Ma (n =12; MSWD=1.0) and 1.17±0.07 Ma (n =23; MSWD=1.3), respectively. No evidence for these ages is found among La Vírgen zircons, whereas pre-Quaternary zircon xenocrysts are common. The La Vírgen magma, therefore, evolved unrelated to Early Pleistocene magmatism in adjacent calderas, but assimilated local basement rocks. A gap between average Th–U and (U–Th)/He zircon ages suggests that zircon crystallization was discontinuous in the La Vírgen magma chamber. In addition, partial resorption of zircon suggests episodic thermal rejuvenation, most likely by basaltic recharge. Based on the zircon record, the >100 ka lifetime of the thermal anomaly that sustained repeated intrusive pulses significantly exceeds the age of the last eruption. This strengthens the view that Tres Vírgenes has a potential for future eruptions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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32. Characterization of mouse Eppin and a gene cluster of similar protease inhibitors on mouse chromosome 2

Author

Sivashanmugam, Perumal, Hall, Susan H., Hamil, Katherine G., French, Frank S., O'Rand, Michael G., and Richardson, Richard T.

Subjects
*CHROMOSOMES, *PROTEINS, *MESSENGER RNA, *EPIDIDYMIS
Abstract

We have recently described a novel gene on human chromosome 20q 12-13.2 called Eppin (Epididymal protease inhibitor) that expresses three mRNAs encoding two isoforms of a cysteine-rich protein containing both Kunitz-type and WAP-type (four disulfide core) consensus sequences (). To further our studies on Eppin, we have cloned, sequenced and characterized mouse Eppin and report that it lies within a 200 Kb cluster of putative Eppin-like genes on mouse chromosome 2. Analysis of the homologies between the genes in the human and mouse Eppin clusters indicates that the first part of the cluster immediately surrounding Eppin represents a conserved linkage because the order of homologous genes is conserved. Sequencing of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products confirmed the expression of five of these novel Eppin-like genes in the mouse, which include the mouse homologue of HE-4. These genes are characterized by having either one or both of the Kunitz-type and WAP-type consensus sequences. Additional RT-PCR experiments revealed that expression of some of the Eppin-like genes is restricted to epididymis and testis while others are expressed in several somatic tissues. Northern blot analysis of 22 different mouse tissues identified Eppin transcripts only in the epididymis and testis. Immunostaining of Eppin with anti-recombinant mouse Eppin demonstrated Eppin predominantly on the postacrosomal region of mouse spermatozoa, in Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and round spermatids in the testis, and in the principal cells of the cauda epididymidis epithelium. Eppin is first expressed by Sertoli cells of 12-day-old mice and subsequently in round spermatids, which is consistent with androgen regulation. Our results demonstrate that mouse chromosome 2 contains a conserved linkage of Eppin-like protease inhibitor genes that are expressed in the epididymis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2003
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33. Meigs' syndrome with elevated CA-125 and HE-4: a case of luteinized fibrothecoma.

Author

Danilos, Jaroslaw, Kwaśniewski, Wojciech Michał, Mazurek, Diana, Bednarek, Wieslawa, and Kotarski, Jan

Subjects
*MEIGS syndrome, *LUTEINIZING hormone, *TUMOR markers, *EPIDIDYMIS
Abstract

Presence of fibrothecoma is not usually accompanied by elevated levels of tumor markers. In recent years, however, there have been isolated reports of fibrothecoma and Meigs' syndrome, accompanied by an increase in tumor markers. We present a case of fibrothecoma with Meigs' syndrome and elevated levels of both CA-125 (cancer antigen 125) and HE-4 (human epididymis protein 4). In this paper, we present a case of Meigs' syndrome associated with an increased CA-125 and HE-4 level due to ovarian fibrothecoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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34. Effective Free Energy for Solidification of Superfluid He-4 under Pressure: An Improvement of Previous Model.

Author

Minoguchi, Tomoki

Subjects
*LINEAR free energy relationship, *SOLIDIFICATION, *NUCLEATION, *SUPERFLUIDITY, *HELIUM, *EQUATIONS of state
Abstract

It is shown that the model effective free energy previously proposed for solidification of superfluid He-4 can be greatly improved with simple alteration. The model not only describes the pressure dependence of the roton parameters satisfactorily, but also numerically reproduces the superfluid equation of state (Maris’ equation of state) surprisingly well. With this model, the overpressurized region can be more safely treated, and the freezing spinodal pressure is predicted as 139 bar, while it is 82 bar in the previously proposed model. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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35. Alpha-particle velocity-space diagnostic in ITER

Subjects
alpha-particle diagnostic, SPECTROSCOPY, ta114, gamma-ray spectrometry, collective Thomson scattering, ENERGETIC IONS, FUSION PLASMAS, PHYSICS, KINETIC-EQUATION, CHAPTER 5, JET, SCINTILLATORS, ITER, velocity-space tomography, GAMMA-RAY DIAGNOSTICS, HE-4
Published
2018
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37. Диагностическая значимость опухолевого маркера Не-4 в стадировании рака яичников

Subjects
СА-125, ісік ассоцирленген маркерлер, diagnostic significance, malignant tumors of the ovaries, аналық бездердің қатерлі ісіктері, НЕ-4, tumor-associated markers, диагностикалық маңыздылығы, злокачественные опухоли яичников, диагностическая значимость, CA-125, опухольассоциированные маркеры, HE-4
Abstract

Введение. Рак яичников не является редкой патологией и составляет 4-6 % от всех злокачественных новообразований среди женского населения. Диагностика рака яичников на ранних стадиях является ключевым подходом к проблеме повышения эффективности лечения данной патологии. Использование чувствительных серологических опухольассоциированных маркеров считается адекватным подходом для диагностики, мониторинга эффективности лечения и доклинического выявления рецидива заболевания для опухолей ряда локализаций, в том числе рака яичников. Цель. Оценить диагностическую значимость опухолевого маркера НЕ-4 по сравнению с СА-125 в зависимости от стадии злокачественных опухолей яичников (ЗОЯ). Методы. В основу работы положены собственные клинические наблюдения авторов за 245 пациентками за период с 2015 по 2017 гг. в ГУ «ИМР им. С.П. Григорьева НАМН Украины». В работе представлены результаты изучения уровней онкомаркеров НЕ-4 и СА-125 у 181 пациентки с ЗОЯ I–IV стадии (основная группа) и 64 женщин с доброкачественными новообразованиями яичников (группа контроля). Критерием включения в исследование являлось исключительно добровольное информированное согласие пациентки; исключение из исследования осуществлялось в случае отказа пациентки от дальнейшего участия в исследовании на любом этапе или при несоответствии конкретного клинического случая цели и задачам исследования. В ходе исследования применялись клинические, биохимические, иммуноферментные, радиологические методы обследования. Статистическая обработка полученных данных осуществлялась с помощью пакета программ «STATISTICA 10.0». Результаты. Средние уровни экспрессии опухольассоциированного маркера НЕ-4 последовательно повышаются соответственно к распространению процесса, достоверно отличаясь между собой при сравнении ранних и поздних стадий ЗОЯ. Частота проявления НЕ-4-положительных случаев достаточно велика независимо от стадии процесса. Чувствительность опухольассоциированного маркера НЕ-4 независимо от стадии заболевания составила 92,82%, СА-125 - 89,50%, однако специфичность маркера НЕ-4 значительно превышает специфичность СА-125 и составляет 95,31 и 60,92% соответственно. Чувствительность ингибитора протеаз НЕ-4 достоверно превышает СА-125 на ранних стадиях развития злокачественного процесса (I-II стадия) и практически не отличается при запущенных стадиях злокачественных опухолей яичников. Анализ вспомогательных критериев информативности показал достоверное преимущество опухолевого маркера НЕ-4 по сравнению с СА-125 по всем параметрам, кроме частоты ложноотрицательных результатов. Выводы. Выявлено, что опухолевый маркер НЕ-4 является стадиезависимым. Установлено, что специфичность ингибитора протеаз НЕ-4 превышает специфичность онкофетального протеина СА-125 в 1,5 раза, что позволяет рекомендовать его использование в диагностике злокачественных опухолей яичников., Introduction.Ovarian cancer is not a rare pathology and accounts for 4–6 % of all malignant neoplasms in the female population. Diagnostics of ovarian cancer at an early stage is a key approach to improving the effectiveness of treatment for this pathology. The use of sensitive serological tumor-associated markers is considered an adequate approach for diagnosis, monitoring of treatment efficacy and preclinical detection of recurrence for tumors of a number of localizations, in particular ovarian cancer. The objective. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of the HE-4 tumor marker in comparison with the CA-125 tumor marker depending on the stage of malignant tumors of the ovaries (MTO). Methods. The paper is based on the authors’ own clinical observations of 245 patients for the 2015 to 2017 period in SI “Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine». The article presents the results of the study of the HE-4 and CA-125 tumor markers levels in 181 patients with I–IV stage (basic group) of MTO and in 64 women with benign ovarian neoplasms (control group). The criterion for inclusion in the study was an exclusively voluntary informed consent of the patient; exclusion from the study was carried out in the event of the patient's refusal to continue to participate in the study at any stage or if the specific clinical case was not corresponding to the purpose and objectives of the study. In the course of the study clinical, biochemical, immunoenzymatic and radiological methods of examination were used. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using the «STATISTICA 10.0» software package. Results. The mean levels of expression of the HE-4 tumor-associated marker are consistently increasing in accordance with the spread of the process, differing significantly in-between them when comparing the early and late stages of MTO. The incidence of HE-4-positive cases is quite high regardless of the stage of the process. Sensitivity of the HE-4 tumor-associated marker irrespective of the disease stage was 92.82 %, CA-125 – 89.50 %, however, the specificity of the HE-4 marker significantly exceeds the specificity of CA-125 and is 95.31 and 60.92 % respectively. The sensitivity of the HE-4 protease inhibitor is significantly higher than that of CA-125 in the early stages of the development of the malignant process (stage I–II) and practically does not differ in the neglected stages of malignant tumors of the ovaries. The analysis of auxiliary informative criteria has shown the probable advantage of the HE-4 tumor marker in comparison with CA-125 in all parameters, except for the incidence of false negative results. Conclusions. It was discovered that the HE-4 tumor marker is stage dependent. It has been established that the specificity of the protease inhibitor HE-4 exceeds the specificity of the oncofetal protein CA-125 by 1,5 times, which allows recommending its use in the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the ovaries., Кіріспе. Аналық бездер обыры сирек кездесетіндер болып табылмайды және әйелдердегі барлық қатерлі ісіктердің 4-6 % құрайды. Ерте кезеңдердегі аналық бездер обыры диагностикасы осы патологияны емдеудің тиімділігін арттыру мәселесіне негізгі әдіс болып табылады. Ассоцирленген маркерлердің сезімтал серологиялық ісігін пайдаланужайылмайтын ісіктер қатары үшін ауруды тиімді емдеу және клиникаға дейінгі рецидивінанықтау диагностикасы, мониторинг үшін адекватты әдіс болып саналады, соның ішінде аналық бездер обыры. Мақсаты. Аналық бездер қатерлі ісіктер(АБҚ) кезеңіне байланысты СА-125 салыстырғанда НЕ-4 ісік маркерінің диагностикалық маңыздылығын бағалау. Әдістері. Жұмыс негізіне «Украина МҒҰА С.П. Григорьев ат. МРИ» 2015-2017 жж. мерзіміндегі 245 пациенткаларды авторлардың жеке клиникалық бақылауы жатқызылған. Жұмыста 181 АБҚ - IV кезеңі (негізгі топ) және аналық бездердің жаңа өспелерімен 64 әйел (салыстыру тобы) НЕ-4 жәнеСА-125 онкомаркерлер деңгейін зерттеу нәтижелері ұсынылған. Пациентканың өз еркімен ақпараттық келісімі зерттеуге енгізу критерилері болып табылды; зерттеудің кез келген кезеңінде немесе зерттеудің мақсаттары мен міндеттеріне нақты клиникалық жағдайдың сәйкессіздігі кезінде әрі қарай қатысудан пациентканың бас тартуы жағдайында зерттеуден шығу жүргізілді. Зерттеу барысында клиникалық, биохимиялық, иммуноферменттік, радиологиялық тексеру әдістері қолданылды. «STATISTICA 10.0» бағдарламалары пакеті көмегімен алынған мәліметтерді статистикалық өңдеу жүргізілді. Нәтижелері. НЕ-4 ассоцирленген маркері ісігі экспрессиясы орташа деңгейі, АБҚ ерте және кеш кезеңдерін салыстыру кезінде өзара нақты ерекшеленіп, тиісінше процесстің таралуына бірізді артады. НЕ-4- оңды жағдайларының айқындалу жиілігі процесстің кезеңдерінен тәуелсіз жеткілікті жоғары. Аурудың кезеңіне байланысты емесНЕ-4 ассоцирленген маркері ісігінің сезімталдығы 92,82%, СА-125 - 89,50% құрады, бірақ НЕ-4 маркерінің ерекшелігі СА-125 ерекшелігін өте артық және тиісінше 95,31 және60,92% құрайды. НЕ-4 протеаз ингибиторының сезімталдығы қатерлі процесс дамуының ерте кезеңдерінде(I-II кезең) СА-125 нақты артық және аналық бездер қатерлі ісіктері асқынған кезеңдерінде практикада ерекшеленбейді. Ақпараттандырудың жанама критерилерінің талдауы жалған теріс нәтижелердің жиілігінен басқа барлық параметрлер бойынша СА-125 салыстырғандаНЕ-4 ісік маркерінің нақты артықшылығын көрсетті. Қорытындылары. НЕ-4 ісік маркері кезеңге тәуелді емес болып табылатыны анықталды. НЕ-4 протеаз ингибиторының ерекшелігі СА-125 онкофеталды протеин ерекшелігінен 1,5 есеге артық, ол аналық бездер қатерлі ісіктері диагностикасындағы оның қолданылуын ұсынуға мүмкіндік береді., Наука и здравоохранение, Выпуск 6 (19) 2017

Published
2017
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38. An association of circulating Tregs and Th17 cells producing IL-21 and IL-22 with the ROMA in ovarian cancer patients.

Author

Winkler, Izabela, Woś, Justyna, Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka, Miotła, Paweł, Gogacz, Marek, Skorupska, Katarzyna, Rechberger, Tomasz, Tabarkiewicz, Jacek, Wolińska, Ewa, and Skrzypczak, Maciej

Subjects
*T helper cells, *SUPPRESSOR cells, *OVARIAN cancer, *CANCER patients, *T cells, *OVARIAN reserve
Abstract

• Percentages of circulating Treg cells in peripheral blood are connected with algorithm ROMA in serum of patient with benign tumor. • Treg lymphocyte negative influence on inflammation and secondary on malignancy induced by chronic inflammation. • Disturbances in Treg induced immunotolerance in patients suffer from ovarian cancer. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association of regulatory T cells (Tregs; CD4+ FOXP3+) and helper T lymphocytes (Th17) releasing interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-22, with the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA). Similar association was made with two additional tumour markers, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) from patients serum. The presence of Tregs and Th17 was determined both in the peripheral blood and in the tissue of epithelial ovarian tumors. Mononuclear cells obtained from patient's peripheral blood (PBMCs) and from ovarian tissue were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. As a control group patients who had undergone surgery for infertility without ovarian pathology were selected. The percentage of Tregs and Th17 releasing IL-21 or IL-22 cells from both peripheral blood and tumor tissue was measured by flow cytometry. No differences in demographic parameters like body mass index, age, or gravidity were observed among the studied groups. However, an increased concentration of marker HE4 and value of ROMA was identified in individuals with ovarian cancer when compared with women with cystadenomas. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the ROMA value in the serum and Tregs from the peripheral blood of patients with cystadenoma ovarian tumors was detected. The presented work documents, for the first time, the negative association between peripheral blood Tregs and ROMA evaluation based on the tumour markers present in the serum of women with ovarian cystadenoma. Such an effect might result from the negative impact of Tregs on the inflammation process and on tumorigenesis caused by the persistent inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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39. Relation Between The AMH, Estradiol(E2), CA125 and HE-4 Hormone Levels And The Endometrial Biopsy Results Of Patients With Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.

Author

Duru Coteli, Sinem Ayse, Bakir, Emine Nilay, Dikmens, Zelihan Gunnur, Karabulut, Erdem, and Tuncer, Zafer Selcuk

Abstract

Introduction Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most frequent symptom for attendance to gynecology clinics. In a woman with AUB it is important to identify endometrial cancer and hyperplasia, biomarkers can be used for this purpose. In this prospective, clinical study we primarily aimed to evaluate the predictive values for anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), CA125 and HE-4 levels for endometrial malignancies in patients with AUB. Materials and Methods In this prospective study total number of two hundred patients presenting with AUB and whom endometrial sampling is done or patients attending with endometrial biopsy pathology reports to Hacettepe University Hospital between July 2017- December 2017 were included. Based on the histopathological findings of endometrial biopsies, the study participants were stratified as patients with benign pathologies (n=118, 59%), malignant & precancerous pathologies (n=63, 31.5%) and non-diagnostic pathologies (n=19, 9.5%). Patient serum values of the biomarkers were evaluated based on endometrial biopsy results and after this evaluation sub-group analysis was done with malignant & precancerous pathologies. Results The mean age of the patients was 49.3±37.7 years (range between 24-87 years). 122 of 200 patients (61%) were premenopausal and 78 of 200 patients (39%) were postmenopausal. When all three groups of pathologies were included there was no significant difference in CA125 levels between all pathologies (p=0.443). The median AMH value was significantly higher with benign pathologies than other groups (p<0.001). The median HE4 value was significantly higher in patients with malignant & precancerous pathologies when compared with other groups (p<0.001). Also, the mean E2 value was significantly lower in patients with malignant & precancerous pathologies when compared with benign pathologies, but higher than non-diagnostic group (p<0.001). The ROMA median score was significantly higher in patients with malignant & precancerous pathologies (p<0.001) (Table-1). When patients with malignant and precancerous pathologies were evaluated with each other there was no difference in the serum AMH levels (p=0.131), however serum HE4, Ca125, ROMA scores were high in malignancies (p<0.05) and E2 was high in precancerous pathologies (p<0.05). In the sub-group analysis, it was seen that CA125, HE-4 and ROMA score were not able to predict malignancy in the premenopausal group. On the other hand, in the postmenopausal group HE-4 and ROMA score was able to predict malignancy but CA125 was not. For the postmenopausal period the predictive serum value for HE-4 was found to be >51 pmol/L with 79.5 % sensitivity and 80% specificity. Conclusion As a result, in patients presenting with AUB, the low serum values of AMH and E2, and the high serum values of HE-4 and ROMA scores can be used to predict malignancy and precancerous conditions. These markers have no superiority to each other foreseeing malignancy. Especially in postmenopausal patients HE-4 and ROMA score is more valuable. More research for new biomarkers is needed in premenopausal patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

40. Meigs’ syndrome with elevated CA-125 and HE-4: a case of luteinized fibrothecoma

Author

Wiesława Bednarek, Diana Mazurek, Wojciech Kwaśniewski, Jan Kotarski, and Jaroslaw Danilos

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meigs’ syndrome, Case Report, Epididymis, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Cancer antigen, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, fibrothecoma, Meigs' syndrome, CA-125, business, HE-4
Abstract

Presence of fibrothecoma is not usually accompanied by elevated levels of tumor markers. In recent years, however, there have been isolated reports of fibrothecoma and Meigs’ syndrome, accompanied by an increase in tumor markers. We present a case of fibrothecoma with Meigs’ syndrome and elevated levels of both CA-125 (cancer antigen 125) and HE-4 (human epididymis protein 4). In this paper, we present a case of Meigs’ syndrome associated with an increased CA-125 and HE-4 level due to ovarian fibrothecoma.

Published
2015

41. Alternative tumor markers in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer

Author

Berk Bildaci, Polat Dursun, Esra Cabuk Cömert, Burcu Kisa Karakaya, Esra Kuscu, Ali Ayhan, Nilufer Bayraktar, and Eralp Baser

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, BIOMARKER, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Saliva, CARCINOMA, Cross-sectional study, Urine, Gastroenterology, Adnexal mass, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, CA125, 0302 clinical medicine, WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2, Obstetrics and gynaecology, Internal medicine, MULTIPLE, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, SERUM CA-125, Humans, HE-4, Tumor marker, Aged, Gynecology, PELVIC MASS, Aged, 80 and over, Ovarian Neoplasms, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, WOMEN, Proteins, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, CA-125 Antigen, Female, Differential diagnosis, Ovarian cancer, business
Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of various tumor markers (CA125, HE4, bcl2) measured in serum, urine and saliva in the differential diagnosis of adnexal masses. Material and methods: Our study was conducted at the Baskent University Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey, between November 2010 and March 2011. Fifty patients with a suspicion of malignant adnexal mass and 30 controls were included in the study. Serum and urine CA-125, HE4, and bcl2 levels were evaluated for their role in the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Results: Serum CA-125 and HE4 levels, and urine HE4 levels were significantly higher in malignant cases as compared to controls (p < 0.05). Mean levels of bcl2 in saliva and urine were similar in malignant cases and controls (p > 0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated that serum CA125, serum HE4 and urine HE4 levels were elevated in patients with ovarian cancer. These findings should be assessed in future studies with larger sample sizes in order to reach more definite conclusions.

Published
2016

42. Measurement of the stopping power for O-16 in He-4 gas

Author

Torresi, D., Carbone, D., Cavallaro, M., Di Pietro, A., Garcia, J.P. Fernandez, Figuera, P., Fisichella, M., Lattuada, M., and Zadro, Mile

Subjects
stopping power, O-16, He-4, exotic beam-line, alpha-particles, cross-sections, ions, Xe, Kr
Abstract

The stopping power for 16O ions in 4He gas from 1 to 31 MeV is measured using an indirect method. The 16O beam of fixed energy entered a scattering chamber filled with 4He gas at different pressures and its residual energy is measured. The stopping power is determined by differentiating the thickness versus residual energy curve. The measured stopping power is compared with those calculated with the codes SRIM and MSTAR.

Published
2016

43. Is CA-125 the Leading Biomarker in Determining Early-Onset Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis in 2016?

Author

Clark, Alexa and Clark, Alexa

Abstract

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with very ineffective efforts at early detection and therapeutic methodologies to reduce mortality. The origin and pathogenicity of ovarian cancer is vastly unclear, which is why diagnosing the disease early on is difficult. CA-125 is a used as therapeutic tumor marker for ovarian cancer, but it is not diagnostic or specific. The role of CA-125 in the early detection of ovarian cancer is extremely controversial and has not been widely accepted for screening in women who do not show any symptoms. In order to enhance the sensitivity for early disease detection there have been three notable advances taken; current research to diagnose early-onset cancer includes obtaining longitudinal measurements of CA-125 to calculate the probability of ovarian cancer for a patient using the Bayesian algorithm, using tumor marker Human Epididymis Protein (HE4) in combination with CA-125 to screen asymptomatic women in the general population through genomic strategies and the development of algorithms Risk of Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) and Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI), and assembling panels of biomarkers to create a “composite marker.” This review will examine the current biomarkers for ovarian cancer and their comparison to ongoing research performed to better diagnose early-onset ovarian cancer.

Published
2016

44. THE EFFECTIVE MASS OF A CHARGED CARRIER IN A NONPOLAR LIQUID: APPLICATIONS TO SUPERFLUID HELIUM

Author

V. B. Shikin, Andrei Varlamov, and Ioulia Chikina

Subjects
IONS, Physics, Normal fluid, SURFACE, Condensed matter physics, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Condensed Matter Physics, Two-fluid model, Ion, Effective mass (solid-state physics), Regularization (physics), Viscous flow, Atomic physics, HE-4, Superfluid helium-4
Abstract

The problem of a correct definition of the charged carrier effective mass in superfluid helium is revised. It is shown that the effective mass of such a quasi-particle can be introduced without Atkins's idea about the solidification of liquid He4 in the close vicinity of an ion (the so-called “snowball” model). Moreover, in addition to generalization of the Atkins's model, the charged carrier effective mass formation is considered within the framework of the two-fluid scenario. The physical reasons of the normal fluid contribution divergency and the way of corresponding regularization procedure are discussed. Agreement between the theory and the available experimental data is found in a wide range of temperatures.

Published
2008
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45. Optimización del gasto asociado al consumo energético de un centro de educación secundaria

Author

Martínez Tornell, Miriam, Cánovas Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, and Ingeniería Eléctrica

Subjects
Centros públicos de enseñanza, Ingeniería Eléctrica, Código Técnico de la Edificación, Gasto energético, HE-4
Abstract

El presente Proyecto tiene por objeto reducir el gasto por conceptos energéticos que soporta un centro público de enseñanza, respetando el cumplimiento del Código Técnico de la Edificación concretamente referido a su apartado HE-4 donde se recogen criterios de eficiencia energética. Para ello se estudiarán las distintas tarifas del mercado y la viabilidad de realizar una instalación de producción energética mediante energías renovables como la energía solar. Con la instalación se pretende dotar al centro de una mayor liquidez económica, mediante la producción propia de parte de la energía necesaria para el desarrollo de sus actividades. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

Published
2015

46. Josephson effect in fermionic superfluids across the BEC-BCS crossove

Author

Matteo Zaccanti, Alessia Burchianti, K. Xhani, Andrea Trombettoni, Elettra Neri, Augusto Smerzi, Massimo Inguscio, Giacomo Valtolina, A. Amico, Giacomo Roati, J. A. Seman, Valtolina, G, Burchianti, A, Amico, A, Neri, E, Xhani, K, Seaman, Ja, Trombettoni, A, Smerzi, A, Zaccanti, M, Inguscio, M, and Roati, G

Subjects
Josephson effect, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, helium, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Superfluidity, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, gas, 0103 physical sciences, solitons, Symmetry breaking, 010306 general physics, education, Quantum, Quantum tunnelling, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, bose-einstein condensate, double-well, flow, oscillations, he-4, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter::Other, Bose-Einstein Condensate, oscillattions, HE-4, oscillation, Vortex, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Dissipative system, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, soliton
Abstract

We report on the observation of the Josephson effect between two strongly interacting fermionic superfluids coupled through a thin tunneling barrier. We prove that the relative population and phase are canonically conjugate dynamical variables, coherently oscillating throughout the entire crossover from molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) to Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluids. We measure the plasma frequency and we extract the Josephson coupling energy, both exhibiting a non-monotonic behavior with a maximum near the crossover regime. We also observe the transition from coherent to dissipative dynamics, which we directly ascribe to the propagation of vortices through the superfluid bulk. Our results highlight the robust nature of resonant superfluids, opening the door to the study of the dynamics of superfluid Fermi systems in the presence of strong correlations and fluctuations., Comment: 12 pages, 11 Figures

Published
2015
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47. A first comparison of the responses of a He-4-based fast-neutron detector and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector

Author

H. Friederich, J. R. M. Annand, Ulisse Gendotti, Björn Nilsson, Kevin Fissum, G. Davatz, D. Murer, Mikael Lundin, Anders Rosborg, Julius Scherzinger, R. Chandra, Richard Hall-Wilton, Håkan Svensson, Kalliopi Kanaki, E. Hakansson, and R. Jebali

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Scintillator, Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering, 4He, Particle identification, Optics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, NE-213, Neutron detection, Fysik, Neutron, Fast neutrons, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Elektroteknik och elektronik, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Scintillation, Physics, Pulse-shape discrimination, business.industry, Detector, Gamma ray, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Neutron temperature, Physical Sciences, He-4, business, Gamma-rays
Abstract

A first comparison has been made between the pulse-shape discrimination characteristics of a novel $^{4}$He-based pressurized scintillation detector and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector using an Am/Be mixed-field neutron and gamma-ray source and a high-resolution scintillation-pulse digitizer. In particular, the capabilities of the two fast neutron detectors to discriminate between neutrons and gamma-rays were investigated. The NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference cell produced a wide range of scintillation-light yields in response to the gamma-ray field of the source. In stark contrast, due to the size and pressure of the $^{4}$He gas volume, the $^{4}$He-based detector registered a maximum scintillation-light yield of 750~keV$_{ee}$ to the same gamma-ray field. Pulse-shape discrimination for particles with scintillation-light yields of more than 750~keV$_{ee}$ was excellent in the case of the $^{4}$He-based detector. Above 750~keV$_{ee}$ its signal was unambiguously neutron, enabling particle identification based entirely upon the amount of scintillation light produced., 23 pages, 7 figures, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A review addressed

Published
2015

48. Optimización del gasto asociado al consumo energético de un centro de educación secundaria

Author

Cánovas Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, Ingeniería Eléctrica, Martínez Tornell, Miriam, Cánovas Rodríguez, Francisco Javier, Ingeniería Eléctrica, and Martínez Tornell, Miriam

Abstract

El presente Proyecto tiene por objeto reducir el gasto por conceptos energéticos que soporta un centro público de enseñanza, respetando el cumplimiento del Código Técnico de la Edificación concretamente referido a su apartado HE-4 donde se recogen criterios de eficiencia energética. Para ello se estudiarán las distintas tarifas del mercado y la viabilidad de realizar una instalación de producción energética mediante energías renovables como la energía solar. Con la instalación se pretende dotar al centro de una mayor liquidez económica, mediante la producción propia de parte de la energía necesaria para el desarrollo de sus actividades.

Published
2015

49. A first comparison of the responses of a He-4-based fast-neutron detector and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector

Author

Jebali, R., Scherzinger, J., Annand, J. R. M., Chandra, R., Davatz, G., Fissum, K. G., Friederich, H., Gendotti, U., Hall-Wilton, Richard, Hakansson, E., Kanaki, K., Lundin, M., Murer, D., Nilsson, B., Rosborg, A., Svensson, H., Jebali, R., Scherzinger, J., Annand, J. R. M., Chandra, R., Davatz, G., Fissum, K. G., Friederich, H., Gendotti, U., Hall-Wilton, Richard, Hakansson, E., Kanaki, K., Lundin, M., Murer, D., Nilsson, B., Rosborg, A., and Svensson, H.

Abstract

A first comparison has been made between the pulse-shape discrimination characteristics of a novel He-4-based pressurized scintillation detector and a NE-213 liquicl-scintillator reference detector using an Am/Be mixed-field neutron and gamma-ray source and a high-resolution scintillation-pulse digitizer. In particular, the capabilities of the two fast neutron detectors to discriminate between neutrons and gamma-rays were investigated. The NE-213 liquicl-scintillator reference cell produced a wide range of scintillation-light yields in response to he gamma-ray field of the source. In stark contrast, clue to the size and pressure of the He-4 gas volume, the He-4-based detector registered a maximum scintillation-light yield of 750 keV(ee) to the same gamma-ray field. Pulse-shape discrimination for particles with scintillation-light yields of more than 750 keV(ee) was excellent in the case of the He-4-based detector. Above 750 keV(ee) its signal was unambiguously neutron, enabling particle identification based entirely upon the amount of scintillation light produced. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Published
2015
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50. The gravity effects of critical fluctuations in (3)He and (3)He-(4)He mixtures near the gas-liquid critical point

Author

Miura, Yuichi, 三浦 裕一, Miura, Yuichi, and 三浦 裕一

Abstract

The gravity effect of the critical light scattering intensity and the Rayleigh linewidth measurements for He-3 and (3)He-(4)He mixtures along their respective critical isochores near the plait point T(sub c) are reviewed. In the He-3 case, the minimum reduced temperature was epsilon = (T - T(sub c))/T(sub c) = 4 x 10(exp -5) and the experimental linewidth is compared with the calculated one from heat conductivity and equation of state measurements, and satisfactory agreement is obtained. But for mixtures, the anomalous behavior of both linewidth and scattered intensity close to the critical point are observed. The very large gravity effects in the cell of finite height prevent from reaching the critical point along a path at strictly constant composition and density. In the earth gravity field, the minimum of the effective reduced temperatures for mixtures was found to be about epsilon = 6 x 10(exp -4). In two phase region of mixtures, the anomalous temperature dependence of the meniscus due to the gravity effect was observed near its gas-liquid critical point., 本稿では、プレイト・ポイントT(sub c)近傍の臨界等容曲線に沿ったHe-3および(3)He-(4)He混合における臨界光散乱強度およびレイリー線幅測定におよぼす重力の効果について述べる。He-3の場合、最小換算温度はε=(T-T(sub c))/T(sub c)=4×10(exp -5)であり、実験により測定した線幅を熱伝導および状態測定の方程式から求められた値と比較を行ったところ、充分な一致を得た。しかしながら、混合系では臨界点近傍における線幅および散乱強度において異常な振る舞いを観測した。有限長のセルにおいて、極めて大きな重力効果により厳密に一定組成および密度における経路に沿って臨界点に近づくことができなかった。地球の重力場では、混合系の実効還元温度の最小値は、およそε=6×10(exp -4)であった。混合系の2位相領域においては、重力効果によるメニスカスの異常温度依存性を気液臨界点近傍で観察した。

Published
2015

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