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Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is the most common and challenging complication among women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite investigations into the impact of taking vitamin D on sexual function (SF), findings have not definitively recommended its use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on SF and sex hormones among women with MS. Methods: This triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 62 married women with MS and vitamin D deficiency. They were recruited from a specialized clinic for neurology in Tehran City, Iran, between August 2017 and February 2018. The subjects were randomly allocated to experimental or control groups (n=31/each group). Subjects in the experimental and control groups, respectively, received two 2000-IU vitamin D and two placebo tablets daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Serum levels of sex hormones and their SF were evaluated before and after the intervention. The SF assessment was performed using the female SF index. The obtained data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test, paired t-test, Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and the chi-square test in SPSS software, version 22. The significance level was determined at <0.05. Results: The findings revealed no significant difference between the two groups regarding sex hormones, Vitamin D, and SF levels before the intervention. The study results indicated that taking vitamin D supplementation for 12 weeks significantly impacts the improvement of SF and sex hormones (P<0.05). Conclusion: Twelve weeks' consumption of vitamin D supplementation may improve SF and sex hormones among women with MS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Purpose – Using new methods and proper and interactive experiences can help improve the quality and attractiveness of education. The present study aimed to investigating the relationship between academic participation of nursing students who use combination education based on learning management system (LMS) and studied their degree of academic participation. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which the researcher has studied student participation through a demographic information form and a questionnaire on academic engagement. The purpose of this research was to study the nursing and midwifery faculty of Iran University of Medical Sciences in which 229 undergraduate nursing students were selected from the total of 280 from the second to the sixth semester by the total number and according to entry criteria. Then, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 and significance level less than 0.05, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, and Scheffe post hoc test and Pearson correlation. Most of the research units were female (52.8%), in the range of 21-29 years old (53.3%), single (90%) and native of Tehran (53.7%). The vast majority had a moderate or lower familiarity with the LMS system (75.5%). The majority did not easily access the LMS system (56.3%). Only 2.2% of the units had high satisfaction and 40.2% had relative satisfaction and 57.6% had low satisfaction from LMS-based combination training. The mean and standard deviation of the educational participation score was 51.16±14.86 and their behavioral subscale scores 69.68±16.48 and the emotional subscale was 49.56±20.53 and the cognitive subscale was 38.25±20.55%. According to the results of the study, most of the research units had low satisfaction with LMS-based combination training, which could increase student satisfaction by using all the capabilities of the learning management system and the more interactive design of the combination training, as the majority of previous studies have shown high satisfaction with combined training. Among the subscales of educational participation that have a positive relationship with academic success and academic achievement, the highest mean score was for subscales of behavioral participation and the lowest for cognitive subscales and this study did not show any relationship between the satisfaction of LMS-based combination education and the student's academic engagement.

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after an injury such as accidents is common in children and can affect their overall physical and mental functioning and quality of life. Early intervention can have significant health benefits for children. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of web-based training for parents on post-traumatic stress disorder in children. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with intervention and control group. 110 parents of children aged 10-18 years with PTSD after a traumatic event were selected through available sampling and assigned to intervention and control groups. Data was collected by a researcher-made demographic questionnaire and the Child Revised Impact of Events Scale (CRIES-8). Parents in the intervention group received a 4-week training course through a researcher-designed website, but the control group received routine care by the clinical team, which the main focus of care and training was on the physical aspects of the disease, and no intervention was done for PTSD. Two weeks after the intervention, the level of child stress was measured and compared in both groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.22. Results: The difference between the mean score of total traumatic stress and its subscales before intervention was not statistically significant (p = 0.23). But after intervention, the mean score of total traumatic stress and its subscales decreased in the intervention group and increased in the control group and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: E-learning parent training has the potential to support children with PTSD. This available and cost-effective procedure can be recommended to help children with PTSD and possibly increase recovery in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thiamine (vitamin B1) on general health and infertility treatment outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: The study is a triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial performed on 64 infertile women with PCOS referred to Sarem Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The primary outcomes of the study were general health and infertility treatment outcomes. Eligible women were randomly assigned to the vitamin B1 group (n=32, vitamin B1 tablet at a dose of 300 mg/day for 4 weeks) or the placebo group (n=32, placebo tablet daily for 4 weeks). A general health questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention by both groups, and treatment success was evaluated at the end of the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software ver.16 P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of participants in the vitamin B1 (VB1) group was 30.4 ± 3.27 years and in the placebo (Pl) group was 29.1 ± 2.66 years with the mean duration of marriage 12.7 ± 3.01 and 13.2 ± 2.97 years respectively. Our results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in overall score (P<0.001) and scores for all domains of the general health questionnaire including somatic symptoms (P<0.001), anxiety and insomnia (P<0.001), social dysfunction (P=0.028), and severe depression (P<0.001) after the intervention. Four weeks consumption of vitamin B1 also resulted in higher numbers of positive pregnancy tests (P=0.006), although the number of fetuses was not significantly different between the two groups after the intervention. Conclusion: The results of the current study support a possible favourable effect of vitamin B1 on improving general health, infertility treatment outcome, and retrieved follicle count without changing the number of fetuses in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (registration number: IRCT201510266917N3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adolescence is a high-risk period. Teenagers experience risky behaviors in this period, including using abusive drugs and addiction. Meanwhile, sufficient awareness helps a person to interpret and analyze health-threatening factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health literacy and susceptibility to addiction in adolescents living in the western part of Tehran City, Iran. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was performed on 265 senior high school students in the western part of Tehran in 2021. The subjects were recruited by cluster random sampling. The study data were collected online using the addiction susceptibility questionnaire and health literacy measure for adolescents. The obtained data were sorted by frequency distribution, Mean±SD and analyzed utilizing the Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 16. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Most study subjects (56.4%) were female. Their Mean±SD score of health literacy was 65.31±21.15. Among the subscales of health literacy, "calculation", with a Mean±SD score of 68.96±35.89, and "utilization", with 61.29±25.05, had the highest and lowest mean scores, respectively. The Mean±SD score of addiction susceptibility was 25.3±30.05, and among its subscales, "showing off" with a mean score of 33.09±32.64 and "family dissatisfaction" with 19.75±35.47 had the highest and lowest mean scores, respectively. Health literacy and its dimensions had a negative correlation with addiction susceptibility (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, it is recommended to use appropriate strategies to increase adolescent health literacy by health service providers, school officials, school health nurses, and teachers. The results of this study can be used as a source for further research on addiction and health literacy in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medication errors can lead to serious negative consequences. Meanwhile, reading theory books or listening to lectures away from the real environment may disrupt learning. Simulation-based learning using a virtual environment imitates real-world activities and engages learners in physical and practical activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of simulation-based education (SBE) on medication administration (MA) knowledge and performance among nursing students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the 2018-2019 academic year using a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The subjects included 66 nursing students of the sixth semester of the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran. They were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 36) and control (n = 30) groups. Subjects in the intervention group were trained through SBE in two-hour weekly sessions for four consecutive weeks, and their conterparts in the control group received only routine traditional training. The knowledge and performance were assessed using a researcher-made MA knowledge questionnaire and four MA performance checklists. Data were collected before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention and were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance as well as paired-samples t test, independent- samples t, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact test in SPSS software (v. 16.0). Results: There were no significant differences between the groups before intervention (P > 0.05). The mean scores of MA knowledge and performance of the intervention group increased significantly after the intervention (P < 0.05). The mean scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group in both post-tests (P < 0.05). The mean score of MA knowledge in the intervention group was 12.36±3.04 at pretest, 18.6±1.13 at the first posttest, and 18.7±1.2 at the second posttest. the mean score of MA knowledge in the control group was 12.43±2.41 at pretest, 12.66±2.39 at the first posttest, and 12.66±2.63 at the second posttest The mean scores of MA performance (Total) in the intervention group was 18.99±9.7, at the first posttest and 18.08±11.05 at the second posttest. And the mean scores of MA performance (Total) in the control group was 10.35±10.39, at the first posttest and 11.35±10.66 at the second posttest. SBE is effective in improving nursing students' MA knowledge and performance. SBE is suggested to reduce medication errors among nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & aim: Delirium is an unpleasant experience for patients and their family, which brings complications for them. Early diagnosis and reduction of risk factors affecting delirium requires the knowledge and awareness of doctors and nurses of special care departments about the nature of delirium symptoms, disease symptoms and factors affecting the occurrence of this syndrome. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors related to delirium in patients and family caregivers of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: In this cross-sectional study carried out in 2023, 256 pairs of patients admitted to the ICU in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences and their family caregivers were selected using the proportional stratified sampling. To collect information, three questionnaires including demographic information, CAM-ICU questionnaire and sour seven questionnaire were used. Results: The patients participating in the research had an average age of 41.75 ± 17.07 and most of them were male (55%) with an average number of hospitalization days of 11.84 ± 8.82. Delirium was reported positively in 210 cases of patients (81.7%). Family caregivers had an average age of 42.25 ± 14 and were mostly women (66.9%). In addition, 171 (66.5%) of family caregivers had reported symptoms of delirium. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between delirium in patients and delirium in family caregivers in the samples of the participants in this study (P<0.5). Conclusion: Considering the high rate of delirium reported in patients and caregivers of patients hospitalized in the ICU, identification and screening of delirium is very important. By knowing the individual characteristics and factors related to the occurrence of delirium identified in this study and to the extent possible to correct some cases or support the caregivers, the ground can be prepared to improve the quality of care in the care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Infertility and its treatment, as one of the most difficult experiences in life, affects the mental health and happiness of couples, especially women. This study compared the happiness of infertile women and the wives of infertile men. Methods: This research was a comparative cross-sectional study. The study sample included 142 women (71 infertile women and 71 wives of infertile men) referring to the infertility clinic of Akbarabadi Hospital in Tehran, Iran, selected by consecutive sampling from February to August 2020. Demographic information and the Oxford happiness inventory (OHI) were used to collect the data. The data analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16 using the Fisher exacttest, Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and independent t-test. A P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The study showed that infertile women are happier than the wives of infertile men (P=0.006). Also, the subscales of life satisfaction (P=0.016), efficacy (P=0.025), cheerfulness (P=0.001), and self-esteem (P=0.017) were higher in infertile women than in the other group. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the subscales of sociability and wellbeing. Conclusion: According to the findings, spouses of infertile men may experience lower happiness levels than infertile women. In addition to paying more attention to the psychological condition of infertile men's wives, more detailed studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm the results. Also, qualitative studies are recommended to clarify all dimensions of happiness of infertile couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]