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From phase boundary mapping, we find that the thermoelectric TiNiSn half-Heusler phase shows a narrow solubility range on the Ti–Ni–Sn phase diagram primarily in the range of excess Ni that can be approximated as TiNi1+xSn, where x is temperature dependent with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 at 1223 K. Four phase boundary compositions with different Ni contents associated with four three-phase regions are identified. We characterize the thermoelectric properties of these stable compositions and find significant difference between Ni-rich and Ni-poor phase boundary compositions of TiNiSn, which amounts up to 41%, 58%, and 25% difference in the Seebeck coefficient, lattice thermal conductivity, and thermoelectric figure of merit respectively. This explains the large discrepancy of literature data on the thermoelectric properties of TiNiSn within a unified phase diagram framework. We demonstrate that Ni-rich TiNiSn results in a narrower band gap using the Goldsmid formula, which we interpret to be due to the formation of an impurity band from interstitial Ni in the forbidden gap as previously suggested. Interstitial Ni atoms scatter both electrons and phonons, with the latter effect being much stronger, thus a lower lattice thermal conductivity compensates for the decrease in electron mobility leading to a high zT value of 0.6 at 850 K for intrinsic Ni-rich TiNiSn. With Sb doping, the carrier concentration in these stable boundary compositions can be tuned but the distinct features in their transport properties remain unchanged. A maximum zT value of 0.6 was also achieved at 850 K for intrinsic Ni-poor TiNiSn upon Sb doping.

The effect of the kind of calcium sulfate on the hydration of CSA cements was investigated. Thermal anhydrite, gypsum and a combination of anhydrite with gypsum were used at a constant molar ratio gypsum/ye’elimite of 0.8. With gypsum, ye’elimite dissolved faster than with anhydrite. When approximately 20 mass-% of anhydrite were replaced by gypsum, ye’elimite dissolution was as fast as in the system with plain gypsum. The dissolution of anhydrite was accelerated as well by the presence of gypsum. Thus the replacement of a part of the anhydrite by gypsum is able to enhance hydration kinetics and both early and late compressive strength.

The effect of fly ash on the hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cement was investigated. Increasing fly ash contents accelerated the hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cement due to the filler effect. Dissolution rims around fly ash particles after 90 days indicated a reaction degree of the fly ash of approximately 20 to 30% as estimated by various independent methods. The contribution of fly ash to the hydration reactions resulted in the formation of C-S-H, in an increase of the stratlingite content and in the destabilization of monosulfate. The mortar with 7.5 mass-% fly ash reached a higher compressive strength than the reference without fly ash when the water to cement ratio was kept constant. Up to 15 mass-% of fly ash could be added without strength loss.

The geological storage of nuclear waste includes multibarrier engineered systems where a large amount of cement-based material is used. Predicting the long term behaviour of cement is approached by reactive transport modelling, where some of the boundary conditions can be defined through studying natural cement analogues (e.g. at the Maqarin natural analogue site). At Maqarin, pyrometamorphism of clay biomicrites and siliceous chalks, caused by the in-situ combustion of organic matter, produced various clinker minerals. The interaction of infiltrating groundwater with these clinker phases resulted in a portlandite-buffered hyperalkaline leachate plume, which migrated into the adjacent biomicrite host rock, resulting in the precipitation of hydrated cement minerals. In this study, rock samples with different degrees of interaction with the hyperalkaline plume were investigated by various methods (mostly SEM-EDS). The observations have identified a paragenetic sequence of hydrous cement minerals, and reveal how the fractures and porosity in the biomicrite have become sequentially filled. In the alkaline disturbed zone, C-A-S-H (an unstoichiometric gel of Ca, Al, Si and OH) is observed to fill the pores of the biomicrite wallrock, as a consequence of reaction with a high pH Ca-rich fluid circulating in fractures. Porosity profiles indicate that in some cases the pores of the rock adjacent to the fractures became tightly sealed, whereas in the veins some porosity is preserved. Later pulses of sulphate-rich groundwater precipitated ettringite and occasionally thaumasite in the veins, whereas downstream in the lower pH distal regions of the hyperalkaline plume, zeolite was precipitated. Comparing our observations with the reactive transport modelling results reveals two major discrepancies: firstly, the models predict that ettringite is precipitated before C-A-S-H, whereas the C-A-S-H is observed as the earlier phase in Maqarin; and, secondly, the models predict that ettringite acts as the principal pore-filling phase in contrast to the C-A-S-H observed in the natural system. These discrepancies are related to the fact that our data were not available at the time the modelling studies were performed. However, all models succeeded in reproducing the porosity reduction observed at the fracture–rock interface in the natural analogue system.

Calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements can be blended with mineral additions such as limestone for properties and cost optimization. This study investigates the contribution of limestone to the hydration of a commercial CSA clinker regarding the hydration kinetics, hydrate assemblage and compressive strength. Nine formulations were defined at M-values of 0, 1.1 and 2.1 (M = molar ratio of anhydrite to ye’elimite) without and with medium and high limestone contents. Calorimetric results indicate that limestone accelerates the hydration reaction especially at M = 1.1, probably due to the filler effect. The phase assemblages were calculated by thermodynamic modeling using Gibbs Energy Minimization Software (GEMS). With increasing limestone content the formation of ettringite and calcium monocarboaluminate is predicted at the expense of calcium monosulfoaluminate. With increasing M-value more ettringite is predicted at the expense of the monocarbonate and less calcite takes part in the hydration reactions. The modeled results compare well with the experimental data after 90 d of hydration, except that calcium hemicarboaluminate was found instead of monocarbonate, which is assumed to be due to kinetics considerations. The lowest compressive strength occurs in ternary formulations, whereas in the absence of calcium sulfate, strength is significantly higher. The results presented here indicate that in CSA cements, limestone accelerates early hydration kinetics, takes part in the hydration reactions at M

Determining the mechanisms involved in generating large-volume eruptions (>100 km3) of silicic magma with crystallinities approaching rheological lock-up (~50 vol% crystals) remains a challenge for volcanologists. The Cenozoic Southern Rocky Mountain volcanic field, in Colorado and northernmost New Mexico, USA, produced ten such crystal-rich ignimbrites within 3 m.y. This work focuses on the 28.7 Ma Masonic Park Tuff, a dacitic (~62–65 wt% SiO2) ignimbrite with an estimated erupted volume of ~500 km3 and an average of ~45 vol% crystals. Near-absence of quartz, titanite, and sanidine, pronounced An-rich spikes near the rims of plagioclase, and reverse zoning in clinopyroxene record the reheating (from ~750 to >800 °C) of an upper crustal mush in response to hotter recharge from below. Zircon U–Pb ages suggest prolonged magmatic residence, while Yb/Dy vs temperature trends indicate co-crystallization with titanite which was later resorbed. High Sr, Ba, and Ti concentrations in plagioclase microlites and phenocryst rims require in-situ feldspar melting and concurrent, but limited, mass addition provided by the recharge, likely in the form of a melt-gas mixture. The larger Fish Canyon Tuff, which erupted from the same location ~0.7 m.y. later, also underwent pre-eruptive reheating and partial melting of quartz, titanite, and feldspars in a long-lived upper crustal mush following the underplating of hotter magma. The Fish Canyon Tuff, however, records cooler pre-eruptive temperatures (~710–760 °C) and a mineral assemblage indicative of higher magmatic water contents (abundant resorbed sanidine and quartz, euhedral amphibole and titanite, and absence of pyroxene). These similar pre-eruptive mush-reactivation histories, despite differing mineral assemblages and pre-eruptive temperatures, indicate that thermal rejuvenation is a key step in the eruption of crystal-rich silicic volcanics over a wide range of conditions.

To contribute to the understanding of magma evolution in arc settings we investigate the oldest volcanic unit (Kanafia Synthem) of Nisyros volcano, located in the eastern Aegean Sea (Greece). The unit consists of porphyritic pillow lavas of basaltic andesite composition with trace element signatures that are characteristic of island-arc magmas. Two lava types are distinguished on the basis of geochemistry and the presence or absence of xenoliths, with the xenolith-bearing lavas having distinctly elevated Sr, MREE/HREE and MgO/Fe2O3 compared to the xenolith-free lavas. Xenoliths include relatively rare quartzo-feldspathic fragments that represent continental-type material, and coarse clinopyroxenite xenoliths that consist largely of aluminous and calcic clinopyroxene, and accessory aluminous spinel. Anorthite–diopside reaction selvages preserved around the clinopyroxenite xenoliths demonstrate disequilibrium between the xenoliths and the host magma. The xenolith clinopyroxene is distinctly enriched in most lithophile trace elements compared to clinopyroxene phenocrysts in the host magmas. A notable exception is the Sr concentration, which is similar in both clinopyroxene types. The high Al and low Na contents of the clinopyroxenites preclude a cumulate, deep metamorphic, or mantle origin for these xenoliths. Instead, their composition and mineralogy are diagnostic of skarn rocks formed by magma–carbonate interaction in the mid/upper crust. The Kanafia lavas are interpreted to have undergone crystal fractionation, magma mixing/mingling and crustal assimilation while resident in the upper crust. We show that magma–carbonate reaction and associated skarn formation does not necessarily result in easily recognised modification of the melt composition, with the exception of increasing Sr contents. Carbonate assimilation also releases significant CO2, which will likely form a free vapour phase due to the low CO2 solubility of arc magmas. In the broader context, we stress that the effects of carbonate assimilation by arc magma may be more significant than currently recognised. Carbonate assimilation may modify key trace element ratios, such as Sr/Y, in arc magmas, and will liberate significant CO2 as vapour, which may influence eruption dynamics, estimates of subduction zone volatile budgets, and deep mantle CO2 recycling.

Background & Aims: Vitamins A and E are the most light-sensitive vitamins. Vitamin A is degraded by photolysis, while vitamin E degrades by photo-oxidation. The composition of the parenteral nutrition mixture and the container could therefore influence degradation during daylight administration. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the influence of fat emulsion and the type of bag on the photo-degradation of vitamins A and E in Parenteral Nutrition (PN) mixtures during simulated infusion in daylight. Methods: Representative adult PN mixtures, with and without fat emulsion, were prepared. Samples for analysis were taken from infusates and each bag during simulated infusion. Degradation of vitamins A and E was determined by stability-indicating HPLC analysis. Results: Results indicated that vitamin A loss proceeded rapidly during infusion, resulting in up to 80% loss in 6 hours, even with light protection of the bag. The presence of fat emulsion did not provide significant light protection. Vitamin E degradation was substantial if mixtures were prepared in EVA bags but was largely prevented if PN mixtures were compounded and stored in multi-layered bags. Conclusions: It is recommended that all PN bags should be light-protected during infusion in daylight. The use of multi-layered bags will prevent vitamin E losses during infusion.

The ‘radical beginnings’ of C–H insertion rely on the presence of a functional group that can produce a carbon radical at a remote position, which works best with fairly rigid substrates. According to the historical development, this review starts with the discussion of some classical, free radical-based C–H insertion reactions including the Hofmann–Loeffler–Freytag reaction, the hypoiodite reaction, and the Barton reaction. Presently, C–H insertions are mainly attributed to transition metal-mediated transformations in which the functionality X is either delivered from the metal center (‘outer sphere mechanism’) or via the formation of an organometallic intermediate (‘inner sphere mechanism,’ C–H activation). In both cases, diastereodifferentiation is mostly achieved by a ligand-directed mechanism. Reactions that follow the outer sphere mechanism include carbene and nitrene insertions as well as some oxidative enzyme mimics. Diastereoselective C–H activations mostly include the ligand-directed formation of organo-palladium intermediates that react with oxygen or nitrogen nucleophiles rather than carbon–carbon bonds are formed.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate expression of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line compared to a multidrug resistant variant, MCF-7-ADR. Immunohistochemical investigations demonstrated 51% of MCF-7 cells stained positive for endothelial nitric oxide synthase, with 46% positive for inducible nitric oxide synthase. However, in the breast cancer cell line that was multidrug resistant there was a much lower positive staining for endothelial nitric oxide synthase at 20% and for inducible nitric oxide synthase at 15%. For the multidrug resistant variant, there was also lower nitric oxide production and the band intensity for immunoblotting for endothelial nitric oxide synthase was weaker than for the parent cell line. These results lend further support to the proposal that expression of NOS is negatively associated with human breast cancer progression.

The stability of ranitidine in TPN mixtures has been widely studied with varying results. The evidence suggests that ranitidine is unstable and should be added within 24 h of administration, although other reports indicate ranitidine is stable for at least 14 days. The causes of ranitidine degradation in TPN mixtures were therefore studied in mixtures without fat emulsion using a stability-indicating HPLC method. The results indicated that the stability of ranitidine at 5 degrees C depended on the commercial source of amino acid, additives and type of bag used. The principle mechanism of degradation was identified as oxidation. Ranitidine was more stable in EVA bags in the absence of the trace element additive, which appeared to accelerate ranitidine oxidation. Ranitidine was most stable in mixtures compounded in multi-layered bags. The results suggest TPN mixtures with ranitidine in multi-layered bags could be assigned shelf lives of at least 14 days at 5 degrees C, depending on the amino acid infusion used in the regimen.

Charged particle trajectories have been reconstructed in pp collisions triggered by transverse energies ( E t ) ranging from 1 GeV to 20 GeV. The forward fragmentation function of negative particles in the beam jet is found to scale with E t in variable x =2 p L /√ s − E t , and the slope is near to that found for small jet triggers in an earlier experiment. Above about E t =8 GeV, positive particles scale and for 0.5 x E t do not show the behavior expected from the fragmentation of diquarks and are more like that from quarks. Multiplicity and energy flow in various forward polar angle regions are also presented; they are compared to the beam jet predictions of ISAJET and found to be greater at wide angles and less at small.

Charged particle trajectories have been reconstructed in pp collisions with transverse energies ( E t ) ranging from 1 GeV to 20 GeV. Data were collected by triggering on E t in a highly segmented calorimeter with full azimuthal coverage. Minimum bias triggers were also used. Valence quark effects are known to appear at low E t in the differences between positive and negative particle multiplicities in the forward direction. We reproduce these known prominent effects at low E t , but find them not present in the collisions with large E t , disappearing by about E t =8 GeV . Furthermore, events with high planarity do not show a strong forward net flow of charge and disagree with the predictions of ISAJET. The results suggest that for the triggers studied, more than a single pair of proton constituents scatter at this energy.

In the past few years the intensity method has become a practical tool for measurements in building acoustics. However, some complications may arise when using this method to determine the transmission loss of building elements. One of these complications concerns the possibility of a measurement deviation in highly reactive environments, caused by absorption at the receiving side of the partition wall. In this paper an expression for this measurement deviation is derived. For a measurement set-up with rockwool attached to the partition wall, the calculated and the measured deviation proved to be in fair agreement.

The reaction π−p → π+π−n was studied at 100 and 175 GeV/c incident beam momenta. The ϱ0 region cross section was 0.934 μb at 100 GeV/c and 0.229 μb at 175 GeV/c. Spherical harmonic moments in the Gottfried-Jackson frame are presented as a function of mass and proton-neutron four-momentum transfer. The pion Regge trajectory is calculated. Decay distributions are presented for the ϱ in the helicity and Gottfried-Jackson frames. The apparatus and analysis are discussed.

Experimental distributions for all momentum transfers, two-body masses and decay angles in the π − π − Δ ++ final state have been obtained and analyzed with two models: diffraction production combined with one-pion exchange and double-Regge-trajectory exchange. The double-Regge-Pole model yields a good description of the data even when all allowed values of final state two body masses are used, an approach justified by duality.

The DATPRO program was used to analyze K--p elastic scattering events obtained in the Brooknaven 20-in. bubble chamber. The accepted events showed a distribution of the 2 probability function appropriate to a four-constraint requirement on the energy and momentum relations. The number of elastic events and elastic cross sections are listed for each angular interval in the barycentral system. Differential elastic scattering cross sections are shown as a function of the square of the total transverse momentum in the mamer of Serber and Kirsch. (L.B.S.)

Eight proton energy groups were observed, leading to levels in Ce/sup 1// sup 4//sup 1/ at 0, 0.65, 1.12, 1.35, 1.47, 1.77, 2.15, and 2.41 Mev. Angular distributions and relative cross sections were used to make the following assignments: 7/2 - for the ground state,3/2 - for the 0.65 Mev state, 3/2 - for the 1.12 Mev state; 5/2 - for the 1.77 Mev state, and 1/2 - for the 2.41 Mev state. (auth)

ABS>Seven energy levels in Zr/SUPL 92/ were excited by the (d,p) reaction using 10.85-Mev deuterons. These levels were at excitation energies of 0, 0.94, 1.49, 1.86, 2.06, 2.01, and 3.28 Mev. The last two levels appear to be complex. Angular distributions were measured for all of these levels except the one at 1.86-Mev excitation. The distributions for the three lowest levels were d wave; the distributions for the three highest levels were s wave. Cross-section comparisons were made with earlier work on Zr/sup 91/ levels. These comparisons indicated that the dominant configuration of the lowest levels is (d,5/2) and that the 2.01-Mev level is largely (d5/2,s/1/2). A calculation of the neutronneutron interaction. using vacuum-like. singlet forces between the nucleons. gives fair agreement with the experimental results. (auth)

$Q$ values and differential cross sections have been measured for nuclear states excited by the ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{206}(d, p){\mathrm{Pb}}^{207}$, ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{207}(d, p){\mathrm{Pb}}^{208}$, and ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{208}(d, p){\mathrm{Pb}}^{209}$ reactions. The known properties of the ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{206}$ ground state, the low-lying states of ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{207}$, and the ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{208}$ ground state are used to confirm the possibility of a stripping interpretation for these reactions. This interpretation is used to suggest possible assignments for the other observed states in ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{207}$ and ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{209}$; in particular, the ground state of ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{209}$ is consistent with a ${g}_{\frac{9}{2}}$ assignment. The first excited state of ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{209}$ does not seem to behave like a single-particle state.

The reaction K − d → K − π − pp has been studied at 2.24 GeV/ c . The observed features of the reaction are consistent with an impulse approximation model and represent the reaction K − n → K − π − p. Both the ( π − p) and (K − p) systems show resonance production. Decay distributions for the Y o ∗ (1520) are presented. Cross sections are also given.

Results are reported for the following reactions: ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}n$ (301 events), ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ (317 events), ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}d$ (11 events), and ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{pn}$ where both nucleons have laboratory momenta greater than 250 MeV/c (245 events). The ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}n$ reaction is dominated by the ${N}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}[(71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7)%]$ final state. The ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ reaction exhibits ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{N}^{*++}[(27\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)%]$, ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{N}^{*0}[(16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)%]$, ${K}^{*0}{N}^{*0}[(11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4)%]$, and $Y_{0}^{}{}_{}{}^{*}(1520){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}[(9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3)%]$ production. Phase-space background accounts for about 25% of the reaction. The ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}d\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{pn}$ reaction with two high-momentum nucleons shows production of the ${N}^{*\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${N}^{*++}$. There is very little ${\overline{K}}^{*0}$ production.

Results are presented to show that resonance production occurs in a significant fraction (g50%) of the multipion final states with four or more outgoing pions. The data also indicate that the $\ensuremath{\Delta}(1236)$ nucleon isobar is normally associated with $\ensuremath{\rho}$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}$ mesons in production. A large proportion of the $\ensuremath{\rho}$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}$ mesons observed in the multipion final states are the decay products of higher mass enhancements (${A}_{1},{A}_{2},B$).

A search for production of a negatively charged η∗ (I = 1) in the reaction K-n → Λo η∗- is reported. The results confirm the I = 0 assignment for the η∗.

In studying a sample of events representing the π − p→ π − p π − π + reaction with high momentum transfer to the final proton, we have observed a nucleon isobar with mass near 1700 MeV decaying into π + pπ − .

A CaF/sub 2/ target was bombarded with 21.9-Mev alpha particles, and the energies of the outgoing protons were measured with a magnetic spectrometer. Proton groups leading to energy levels in Ne/sup 22/ at excitation energies of O, 1.28. 3.37, ground state Q value for the Ca/sup 40/( alpha ,p)Sc/sup 43/ reaction was found to be --3.47 plus or minus 0.030 Mev. Some information about absolute cross sections and angular distributions for the fluorine and calcium reactions is also presented. (auth)

Work is reported in a series of low-p/sub t/, high-E/sub t/, and dimuon physics experiments at Fermilab. Also discussed is progress on experiment E745, a continuing muon neutrino experiment using a holograpic bubble chamber, multiparticle spectrometer, CRISIS particle detector, and muon detector. E636 is a tau neutrino experiment using most of the equipment used in E745, but requiring the development of a 'beam dump' facility which is currently being studied. An experiment to provide detailed measurement of structure functions from nucleons and nuclei has been approved to run at CERN. E771 at Brookhaven National Lab is also described. It is a systematic study of meson systems decaying into a K/sup 0/K/sup +/..pi../sup -/ state. Primary interest is in decay of D/sup 0/ and E/i mesons. The status of the DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron is reviewed. The physics goals of DO include precision studies of the W and Z bosons to look for possible deviations from standard model predictions, and search for new particles and phenomena in the newly available energy range. Experiments with the high resolution spectrometer (HRS) detector at SLAC are described, and include electroweak interactions of leptons and quarks, and strong interactions of quarks. (LEW)

This year at Brookhaven data from last year's run on the production of the KK..pi.. system by ..pi..'s, K's and antiprotons was analyzed. Analysis of the Fermilab fixed-target jet experiment, E557, resulted in 3 publications. In addition two conference contributions were prepared and a third paper will be written. Otherwise E557 is finished. A dimuon detector for E672 was installed and tested. This took place in early 1987. Data were from June, 1987 to February, 1988. Some 800 tapes of triggers (about 10K/tape) are in hand with data from both the E672 and E706 apparatus. We participated in the coordination and writing of software for the D0 collider detector at Fermilab. We will be increasing our efforts in D0. Data-taking with the High-Resolution Spectrometer (HRS) at SLAC is completed. This year 12 publications resulted. More are in preparation. Hardware was built for the muon upgrade for the Mark2 detector at the SLC. Beam position monitors for the SLC are being built and also working on 308/E microprocessors for Mark2 data analysis. At SLAC we are also involved in the SLC Polarization Collaboration.

The Indiana University High Energy Physics Group has been actively involved in a variety of research programs during the current contract year. These programs are associated with major experiments conducted by our group at SLAC, Fermilab and CERN. The physics areas under study include studies of psi meson production in hadron interactions, a study of low-p/sub t/ and high-p/sub t/ collisions utilizing the Multiparticle Spectrometer at Fermilab, and a high resolution study of e/sup +/e/sup -/ interactions at high energy at SLAC. The status of the various efforts is discussed within this report.

Research programs during the current contract year are associated with major experiments conducted at SLAC, Fermilab, and CERN. The physics areas under study include an exploration of polarization phenomena in hadron processes, a study of low-p/sub t/ and high-p/sub t/ collisions utilizing the Multiparticle Spectrometer at Fermilab, studies of psi meson production in hadron interactions, and a high-resolution study of e/sup +/e- interactions at high energy at SLAC. The status of the various efforts is discussed.

An electrochemical synthesis route for NiMnGa alloys is presented. Thin films of NiMnGa were fabricated by single step electrodeposition from aqueous electrolytes using direct current over a range of current densities. By electrolyte tuning, homogeneous films with high Ga and Mn content could be achieved at current densities as high as −400 mA cm−2. Detailed compositional analysis of the alloys showed that growth was homogeneous and oxygen content was minimized. Films plated at very low current densities were found to be nanocrystalline/amorphous. In order to obtain fully crystalline samples, thermal annealing was carried out. Mechanical characterization was assessed by nanoindentation, and the effect of Ga content on mechanical properties was investigated.