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1. Recommendations on benchmarks for numerical air quality model applications in China – Part 1: PM2.5 and chemical species

Author

L. Huang, Y. Zhu, H. Zhai, S. Xue, T. Zhu, Y. Shao, Z. Liu, C. Emery, G. Yarwood, Y. Wang, J. Fu, K. Zhang, and L. Li

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Numerical air quality models (AQMs) have been applied more frequently over the past decade to address diverse scientific and regulatory issues associated with deteriorated air quality in China. Thorough evaluation of a model's ability to replicate monitored conditions (i.e., a model performance evaluation or MPE) helps to illuminate the robustness and reliability of the baseline modeling results and subsequent analyses. However, with numerous input data requirements, diverse model configurations, and the scientific evolution of the models themselves, no two AQM applications are the same and their performance results should be expected to differ. MPE procedures have been developed for Europe and North America, but there is currently no uniform set of MPE procedures and associated benchmarks for China. Here we present an extensive review of model performance for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) AQM applications to China and, from this context, propose a set of statistical benchmarks that can be used to objectively evaluate model performance for PM2.5 AQM applications in China. We compiled MPE results from 307 peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and 2019, which applied five of the most frequently used AQMs in China. We analyze influences on the range of reported statistics from different model configurations, including modeling regions and seasons, spatial resolution of modeling grids, temporal resolution of the MPE, etc. Analysis using a random forest method shows that the choices of emission inventory, grid resolution, and aerosol- and gas-phase chemistry are the top three factors affecting model performance for PM2.5. We propose benchmarks for six frequently used evaluation metrics for AQM applications in China, including two tiers – “goals” and “criteria” – where goals represent the best model performance that a model is currently expected to achieve and criteria represent the model performance that the majority of studies can meet. Our results formed a benchmark framework for the modeling performance of PM2.5 and its chemical species in China. For instance, in order to meet the goal and criteria, the normalized mean bias (NMB) for total PM2.5 should be within 10 % and 20 %, while the normalized mean error (NME) should be within 35 % and 45 %, respectively. The goal and criteria values of correlation coefficients for evaluating hourly and daily PM2.5 are 0.70 and 0.60, respectively; corresponding values are higher when the index of agreement (IOA) is used (0.80 for goal and 0.70 for criteria). Results from this study will support the ever-growing modeling community in China by providing a more objective assessment and context for how well their results compare with previous studies and to better demonstrate the credibility and robustness of their AQM applications prior to subsequent regulatory assessments.

Published
2021
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2. GENERATING TIME SERIES OF MEDIUM-RESOLUTION TEMPERATURE VEGETATION DROUGHT INDEX IMAGES USING A KALMAN FILTER METHOD FOR SOIL MOISTURE CHANGE ANALYSIS

Author

H. Zhai, F. Huang, H. Qi, Y. Ren, R. Liu, B. Li, and S. Chang

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Soil moisture is one of key environmental variables that affect vegetation cover and energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere. Satellite remote sensing technology can provide information for monitoring large-scale soil moisture dynamics quickly. The temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI) acts as an effective indicator of inferring soil moisture status which is calculated according to the empirical parameterization of composed of the land surface temperature (LST) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) characteristic space. In this paper, the MODIS TVDI was calculated based on MODIS LST product (MOD11A2, 1 km) and NDVI data (derived from MOD09A1, 500m). Meanwhile, LST and NDVI from Landsat8 OLI images were estimated to obtain Landsat-based TVDI. Then, a Kalman filter algorithm was used to simulate TVDI time series data with 30m resolution and a revisit period of 8 days combining TVDI derived from Landsat and MODIS data. We selected the west of the Songnen Plain, China as the test area and high quality cloudy-free images during growing season (April to October) of 2018 as the input data. The predicted TVDI time series data of medium resolution not only improved the temporal resolution to capture the changes at fine scale within a short period, but also made up for the deficiency of low spatial resolution MODIS data. The results show that it is feasible to generate medium or high resolution TVDI time series data by applying different remote sensing data by Kalman filtering algorithm.

Published
2020
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3. Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry

Author

Jitendra PS. Sawhney, Veerappa A. Kothiwale, Vikas Bisne, Rajashekhar Durgaprasad, Praveen Jadhav, Manoj Chopda, Velam Vanajakshamma, Ramdhan Meena, Govindan Vijayaraghavan, Kamaldeep Chawla, Jagan Allu, Karen S. Pieper, A. John Camm, Ajay K. Kakkar, Jean-Pierre Bassand, David A. Fitzmaurice, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Shinya Goto, Sylvia Haas, Werner Hacke, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Frank Misselwitz, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Martin van Eickels, Freek W.A. Verheugt, Gloria Kayani, Keith A.A. Fox, Bernard J. Gersh, Hector Lucas Luciardi, Harry Gibbs, Marianne Brodmann, Frank Cools, Antonio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Stuart J. Connolly, Alex Spyropoulos, John Eikelboom, Ramon Corbalan, Dayi Hu, Petr Jansky, Jørn Dalsgaard Nielsen, Hany Ragy, Pekka Raatikainen, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Harald Darius, Matyas Keltai, Sanjay Kakkar, Jitendra Pal Singh Sawhney, Giancarlo Agnelli, Giuseppe Ambrosio, Yukihiro Koretsune, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez Díaz, Hugo Ten Cate, Dan Atar, Janina Stepinska, Elizaveta Panchenko, Toon Wei Lim, Barry Jacobson, Seil Oh, Xavier Viñolas, Marten Rosenqvist, Jan Steffel, Pantep Angchaisuksiri, Ali Oto, Alex Parkhomenko, Wael Al Mahmeed, David Fitzmaurice, D.Y. Hu, K.N. Chen, Y.S. Zhao, H.Q. Zhang, J.Z. Chen, S.P. Cao, D.W. Wang, Y.J. Yang, W.H. Li, Y.H. Yin, G.Z. Tao, P. Yang, Y.M. Chen, S.H. He, Ying Wang, Yong Wang, G.S. Fu, X. Li, T.G. Wu, X.S. Cheng, X.W. Yan, R.P. Zhao, M.S. Chen, L.G. Xiong, P. Chen, Y. Jiao, Y. Guo, L. Xue, F.Z. Wang, H. Li, Z.M. Yang, C.L. Bai, J. Chen, J.Y. Chen, X. Chen, S. Feng, Q.H. Fu, X.J. Gao, W.N. Guo, R.H. He, X.A. He, X.S. Hu, X.F. Huang, B. Li, J. Li, L. Li, Y.H. Li, T.T. Liu, W.L. Liu, Y.Y. Liu, Z.C. Lu, X.L. Luo, T.Y. Ma, J.Q. Peng, X. Sheng, X.J. Shi, Y.H. Sun, G. Tian, K. Wang, L. Wang, R.N. Wu, Q. Xie, R.Y. Xu, J.S. Yang, L.L. Yang, Q. Yang, Y. Ye, H.Y. Yu, J.H. Yu, T. Yu, H. Zhai, Q. Zhan, G.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W.Y. Zheng, B. Zhou, Z.H. Zhou, X.Y. Zhu, S. Kakkar, J.P.S. Sawhney, P. Jadhav, R. Durgaprasad, A.G. Ravi Shankar, R.K. Rajput, K. Bhargava, R. Sarma, A. Srinivas, D. Roy, U.M. Nagamalesh, M. Chopda, R. Kishore, G. Kulkarni, P. Chandwani, R.A. Pothiwala, M. Padinhare Purayil, S. Shah, K. Chawla, V.A. Kothiwale, B. Raghuraman, G. Vijayaraghavan, V.M. Vijan, G. Bantwal, V. Bisne, A. Khan, J.B. Gupta, S. Kumar, D. Jain, S. Abraham, D. Adak, A. Barai, H. Begum, P. Bhattacharjee, M. Dargude, D. Davies, B. Deshpande, P. Dhakrao, V. Dhyani, S. Duhan, M. Earath, A. Ganatra, S. Giradkar, V. Jain, R. Karthikeyan, L. Kasala, S. Kaur, S. Krishnappa, A. Lawande, B. Lokesh, N. Madarkar, R. Meena, P. More, D. Naik, K. Prashanth, M. Rao, N.M. Rao, N. Sadhu, D. Shah, M. Sharma, P. Shiva, S. Singhal, S. Suresh, V. Vanajakshamma, S.G. Panse, Y. Koretsune, S. Kanamori, K. Yamamoto, K. Kumagai, Y. Katsuda, K. Sadamatsu, F. Toyota, Y. Mizuno, I. Misumi, H. Noguchi, S. Ando, T. Suetsugu, M. Minamoto, Hiroshi Oda, K. Shiraishi, S. Adachi, K. Chiba, H. Norita, M. Tsuruta, T. Koyanagi, H. Ando, T. Higashi, K. Okada, S. Azakami, S. Komaki, K. Kumeda, T. Murayama, J. Matsumura, Y. Oba, R. Sonoda, K. Goto, K. Minoda, Y. Haraguchi, H. Suefuji, H. Miyagi, H. Kato, Tadashi Nakamura, Tsugihiro Nakamura, H. Nandate, R. Zaitsu, Yoshihisa Fujiura, A. Yoshimura, H. Numata, J. Ogawa, H. Tatematsu, Y. Kamogawa, K. Murakami, Y. Wakasa, M. Yamasawa, H. Maekawa, S. Abe, H. Kihara, S. Tsunoda, Katsumi Saito, Kazuyuki Saito, T. Fudo, K. Obunai, H. Tachibana, I. Oba, T. Kuwahata, S. Higa, M. Gushiken, T. Eto, H. Yoshida, D. Ikeda, Yoshitake Fujiura, M. Ishizawa, M. Nakatsuka, K. Murata, C. Ogurusu, M. Shimoyama, M. Akutsu, I. Takamura, F. Hoshino, N. Yokota, T. Iwao, K. Tsuchida, M. Takeuchi, Y. Hatori, Y. Kitami, Yoichi Nakamura, R. Oyama, M. Ageta, Hiroyuki Oda, Y. Go, K. Mishima, T. Unoki, S. Morii, Yuhei Shiga, H. Sumi, T. Nagatomo, K. Sanno, K. Fujisawa, Y. Atsuchi, T. Nagoshi, T. Seto, T. Tabuchi, M. Kameko, K. Nii, K. Oshiro, H. Takezawa, S. Nagano, N. Miyamoto, M. Iwaki, Yuichiro Nakamura, M. Fujii, M. Okawa, Masahiko Abe, Masatake Abe, Mitsunori Abe, T. Saito, T. Mito, K. Nagao, J. Minami, T. Mita, I. Sakuma, T. Taguchi, S. Marusaki, H. Doi, M. Tanaka, T. Fujito, M. Matsuta, T. Kusumoto, S. Kakinoki, K. Ashida, N. Yoshizawa, J. Agata, O. Arasaki, M. Manita, M. Ikemura, S. Fukuoka, H. Murakami, S. Matsukawa, Y. Hata, T. Taniguchi, T. Ko, H. Kubo, M. Imamaki, M. Akiyama, M. Inagaki, H. Odakura, T. Ueda, Y. Katsube, A. Nakata, H. Watanabe, M. Techigawara, M. Igarashi, K. Taga, T. Kimura, S. Tomimoto, M. Shibuya, M. Nakano, K. Ito, T. Seo, S. Hiramitsu, H. Hosokawa, M. Hoshiai, M. Hibino, K. Miyagawa, Hajime Horie, N. Sugishita, Yukio Shiga, A. Soma, K. Neya, Tetsuro Yoshida, Tomoki Yoshida, M. Mizuguchi, M. Ishiguro, T. Minagawa, M. Wada, H. Mukawa, F. Okuda, S. Nagasaka, Y. Abe, Sen Adachi, Susumu Adachi, T. Adachi, K. Akahane, T. Amano, K. Aoki, T. Aoyama, H. Arai, S. Arima, T. Arino, H. Asano, T. Asano, J. Azuma, T. Baba, T. Betsuyaku, H. Chibana, H. Date, J. Doiuchi, Y. Emura, M. Endo, Y. Fujii, R. Fujiki, A. Fujisawa, Y. Fujisawa, T. Fukuda, T. Fukui, N. Furukawa, T. Furukawa, W. Furumoto, T. Goto, M. Hamaoka, N. Hanazono, K. Hasegawa, T. Hatsuno, Y. Hayashi, K. Higuchi, K. Hirasawa, H. Hirayama, M. Hirose, S. Hirota, M. Honda, Hideki Horie, T. Ido, O. Iiji, H. Ikeda, K. Ikeda, K. Ikeoka, M. Imaizumi, H. Inaba, T. Inoue, F. Iseki, A. Ishihara, N. Ishioka, N. Ito, T. Iwase, H. Kakuda, J. Kamata, H. Kanai, H. Kanda, M. Kaneko, H. Kano, T. Kasai, T. Kato, Y. Kato, Y. Kawada, K. Kawai, K. Kawakami, S. Kawakami, T. Kawamoto, S. Kawano, J. Kim, T. Kira, H. Kitazawa, H. Kitazumi, T. Kito, T. Kobayashi, T. Koeda, J. Kojima, H. Komatsu, I. Komatsu, Y. Koshibu, T. Kotani, T. Kozuka, Y. Kumai, T. Kumazaki, I. Maeda, K. Maeda, Y. Maruyama, S. Matsui, K. Matsushita, Y. Matsuura, K. Mineoi, H. Mitsuhashi, N. Miura, S. Miyaguchi, S. Miyajima, H. Miyamoto, A. Miyashita, S. Miyata, I. Mizuguchi, A. Mizuno, T. Mori, O. Moriai, K. Morishita, O. Murai, Sho Nagai, Shunichi Nagai, E. Nagata, H. Nagata, A. Nakagomi, S. Nakahara, M. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, N. Nakanishi, T. Nakayama, R. Nakazato, T. Nanke, J. Nariyama, Y. Niijima, H. Niinuma, Y. Nishida, Y. Nishihata, K. Nishino, H. Nishioka, K. Nishizawa, I. Niwa, K. Nomura, S. Nomura, M. Nozoe, T. Ogawa, N. Ohara, M. Okada, K. Okamoto, H. Okita, M. Okuyama, H. Ono, T. Ono, Y. Onuki Pearce, S. Oriso, A. Ota, E. Otaki, Y. Saito, H. Sakai, N. Sakamoto, Y. Sakamoto, Y. Samejima, Y. Sasagawa, H. Sasaguri, A. Sasaki, T. Sasaki, Kazuki Sato, Kiyoharu Sato, M. Sawano, S. Seki, Y. Sekine, Y. Seta, K. Sezaki, N. Shibata, Y. Shiina, H. Shimono, Y. Shimoyama, T. Shindo, H. Shinohara, R. Shinohe, T. Shinozuka, T. Shirai, T. Shiraiwa, Y. Shozawa, T. Suga, C. Sugimoto, Kazuo Suzuki, Keita Suzuki, Shu Suzuki, Shunji Suzuki, Susumu Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, M. Tada, A. Taguchi, T. Takagi, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, S. Takahashi, H. Takai, C. Takanaka, S. Take, H. Takeda, K. Takei, K. Takenaka, T. Tana, G. Tanabe, K. Taya, H. Teragawa, S. Tohyo, S. Toru, Y. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuji, K. Tsuzaki, H. Uchiyama, O. Ueda, Y. Ueyama, N. Wakaki, T. Wakiyama, T. Washizuka, M. Watanabe, T. Yamada, T. Yamagishi, H. Yamaguchi, Kenichi Yamamoto, Kentaro Yamamoto, Kunihiko Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, M. Yamaura, M. Yamazoe, K. Yasui, Y. Yokoyama, K. Yoshida, T.W. Lim, C.K. Ching, C.G. Foo, J.H. Chow, D.D. Chen, F.R. Jaufeerally, Y.M. Lee, G. Lim, W.T. Lim, S. Thng, S.Y. Yap, C. Yeo, S. Oh, H.N. Pak, J.-B. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.-W. Jang, D.H. Kim, D.R. Ryu, S.W. Park, D.-K. Kim, D.J. Choi, Y.S. Oh, M.-C. Cho, S.-H. Kim, H.-K. Jeon, D.-G. Shin, J.S. Park, H.K. Park, S.-J. Han, J.H. Sung, J.-G. Cho, G.-B. Nam, Y.K. On, H.E. Lim, J.J. Kwak, T.-J. Cha, T.J. Hong, S.H. Park, J.H. Yoon, N.-H. Kim, K.-S. Kim, B.C. Jung, G.-S. Hwang, C.-J. Kim, D.B. Kim, J.J. Ahn, H.J. An, H. Bae, A.L. Baek, W.J. Chi, E.A. Choi, E.H. Choi, H.K. Choi, H.S. Choi, S. Han, E.S. Heo, K.O. Her, S.W. Hwang, E.M. Jang, H.-S. Jang, S. Jang, H.-G. Jeon, S.R. Jeon, Y.R. Jeon, H.K. Jeong, I.-A. Jung, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Hyun Ju Kim, Ji Seon Kim, Jung Sook Kim, J.A. Kim, K.T. Kim, M.S. Kim, Sang Hee Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Y.-I. Kim, C.S. Lee, E.H. Lee, G.H. Lee, H.Y. Lee, H.-Y. Lee, K.H. Lee, K.R. Lee, M.S. Lee, M.-Y. Lee, R.W. Lee, S.E. Lee, S.H. Lee, S. Lee, W.Y. Lee, I.K. Noh, A.R. Park, B.R. Park, H.N. Park, J.H. Park, M. Park, Y. Park, S.-Y. Seo, J. Shim, J.H. Sim, Y.M. Sohn, W.S. Son, Y.S. Son, H.J. Song, H.K. Wi, J.J. Woo, S. Ye, K.H. Yim, K.M. Yoo, E.J. Yoon, S.Y. Yun, P. Angchaisuksiri, S. Chawanadelert, P. Mongkolwongroj, K. Kanokphatcharakun, S. Cheewatanakornkul, T. Laksomya, S. Pattanaprichakul, T. Chantrarat, S. Rungaramsin, S. Silaruks, W. Wongcharoen, K. Siriwattana, K. Likittanasombat, P. Katekangplu, W. Boonyapisit, D. Cholsaringkarl, B. Chatlaong, P. Chattranukulchai, Y. Santanakorn, P. Hutayanon, P. Khunrong, T. Bunyapipat, S. Jai-Aue, P. Kaewsuwanna, P. Bamungpong, S. Gunaparn, S. Hongsuppinyo, R. Inphontan, R. Khattaroek, K. Khunkong, U. Kitmapawanont, C. Kongsin, B. Naratreekoon, S. Ninwaranon, J. Phangyota, A. Phrommintikul, P. Phunpinyosak, K. Pongmorakot, S. Poomiphol, N. Pornnimitthum, S. Pumprueg, S. Ratchasikaew, K. Sanit, K. Sawanyawisuth, B. Silaruks, R. Sirichai, A. Sriwichian, W. Suebjaksing, P. Sukklad, T. Suttana, A. Tangsirira, O. Thangpet, W. Tiyanon, Y. Vorasettakarnkij, T. Wisaratapong, W. Wongtheptien, A. Wutthimanop, S. Yawila, A. Oto, A. Altun, I. Ozdogru, K. Ozdemir, O. Yilmaz, A. Aydinlar, M.B. Yilmaz, E. Yeter, Z. Ongen, M. Cayli, H. Pekdemir, M. Ozdemir, M. Sucu, T. Sayin, M. Demir, H. Yorgun, M. Ersanli, E. Okuyan, D. Aras, H. Abdelrahman, O. Aktas, D. Alpay, F. Aras, M.F. Bireciklioglu, S. Budeyri, M. Buyukpapuc, S. Caliskan, M. Esen, M.A. Felekoglu, D. Genc, B. Ikitimur, E.B. Karaayvaz, S. Kılıç Karataş, S. Okutucu, E. Ozcelik, A. Quisi, H. Sag, L. Sahiner, B.Y. Sayin, T. Seker, D. Uzun Alkan, E. Yildirim, R. Yildirim, F. Yilmaz, V. Yuksekdag, H.L. Luciardi, N. Vensentini, A.C. Ingaramo, G.A. Sambadaro, V. Fernandez Caputi, S.G. Berman, P. Dragotto, A.J. Kleiban, N. Centurion, G. Giacomi, R.A. Ahuad Guerrero, D. Conde, G. Zapata, L.A. Di Paola, J.L. Ramos, R.D. Dran, J. Egido, A.A. Fernandez, M.J. Fosco, S. Sassone, V.A. Sinisi, L.R. Cartasegna, M.A. Berli, O.A. Gomez Vilamajo, F. Ferroni, E.D. Alaguibe, A. Alvarez D'Amelio, C. Arabetti, L. Arias, J.A. Belardi, L. Bergesio, F. Berli, M. Berli, S. Borchowiec, C. Buzzetti, R. Cabrini, V. Campisi, A.L. Cappi, R. Carrizo, F. Colombo Berra, J.P. Costabel, O.J.A. Costamagna, A.A. Damonte, I.N. De Urquiza, F. Diez, M.F. Edén, M. Fanuele, F. Fernandez Voena, M. Foa Torres, C. Funosas, M.P. Giacomi, C.H. Gimenez, E.P. Gurfinkel, M. de L.M. Had, V. Hansen, A.D. Hrabar, M. Ingratta, A. Lopez, G. Maehara, L. Maffei, A. Martinelli, C. Martinelli, J. Matkovich, B. Mautner, A. Meirino, R. Munguia, A. Navarro, V. Novas, G. Perez Prados, J. Pontoriero, R.N. Potito, C. Ricotti, M.A. Rodriguez, F. Rolandi, M.E. Said Palladino, M. Salinger, L.S. Sanziani, P.O. Schygiel, A. Sossich, J.F. Tinto, L. Tonelli, A.L. Tufare, M. Vallejo, M.E. Yunis, M. Zillo, F.J. Zurbrigk, A.C.P. Barretto, D.C. Sobral Filho, J. Jaber, D. Armaganijan, J. Faria Neto, A. Steffens, W. Kunz Sebba Barroso de Souza, J.D. de Souza Neto, J.M. Ribeiro, M. Silveira Teixeira, P.R. Ferreira Rossi, L. Pires, D. Moreira, J.C. Moura Jorge, A. Menezes Lorga Filho, L.C. Bodanese, M. Westerlund Montera, C.H. Del Carlo, T. Da Rocha Rodrigues, F.A. Alves da Costa, A. Lopes, R. Lopes, G.R. Araújo, E.R. Fernandes Manenti, J.F. Kerr Saraiva, J.C. Ferreira Braga, A. Negri, L. Souto, C. Moncada, D. Bertolim Precoma, F. Roquette, G. Reis, R.A. Ramos Filho, E. Lanna Figueiredo, R. Vieira Botelho, C. Munhoz da Fontoura Tavares, C.R. Costantini Frack, J. Abdalla Saad, H.C. Finimundi, C. Pisani, D. Chemello, M. Pereira Martins, C.C. Broilo França, F. Alban, G.B. Aranha Rosito, J.B. de Moura Xavier Moraes Junior, R.T. Tumelero, L. Nigro Maia, R. Simões de Almeida, N.C. do Carmo Borges, L.G. Gomes Ferreira, P. Agliardi, J. Alves de Oliveira Gomes, V. Araujo, M. Arruda Nakazone, T. Barbosa, S. Barroso, E. Belisario Falchetto, H. Bellotti Lopes, M.A. Benez Teixeira Lemos, G. Biazus, L. Borges Queiroz, F.E. Camazzola, M. Caporale, S. Cardoso Boscato, F. Chieza, M.O. Chokr, R. Clemente Mingireanov, N. Codonho Góes, C. Correa, M. Costa, C. Costantini Ortiz, L.S. da Silva, F. da Silva Paulitsch, J.A. da Silveira, E. Daros, G.R. de Araújo, M.I. Del Monaco, C. Dias, M.A. Dias, A.P. Drummond Wainstein, P. Ely Pizzato, D.C. Esteves, P. Fabri, T. Félix Lorenzato Fonseca, E. Fernandes, C. Fonseca, C.R. Frack Costantini, R. Franchin Ferraz, F. Freire, P. Gottardo, D. Guanaes, S. Guizzardi, E. Hettwer Magedanz, F. Igansi, F. Jannuzzi, G. Junior, D. Komar, E.G. Lino, D. Lopes, O. Lourenço da Silva Júnior, E. Lustosa, A.P. Macagnan, M.C. Marinho, M. Mazzoni, G. Melo, L. Mortari, O.M.C.C. Mouco, C. Nanzer Vital, C. Ormundo, S. Oss Emmer, E. Palmegiani, R. Pavani, L. Pereira, V.L. Pereira, R. Perreira, S. Poletti, S.C. Quaia Fortunato, C. Queirantes, N. Ramos Pereira, R.L. Rech, S. Ribeiro, A. Rodrigues, H. Roesch, T. Ruaro Reichert, D. Santos, I. Santos, M. Santos, M.V. Seroqui, S. Silva, L. Soares, L. Spolaor, C. Stoll, N. Toazza Duda, L. Trama, B. Unterkircher, M.V. Valois, T. Vargas, T. Viana, C. Vicente, L. Vidal Armaganijan, R. Vieira Homem, L.G. Vieira Torres, L. Vila Boas, F. Villaça Guimarães Filho, R. Corbalan, G. Eggers, C. Bugueño Gutiérrez, G. Arriagada, S. Potthoff Cardenas, B.A.J. Stockins Fernandez, C. Conejeros, C. 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Dumikyan, S. Erofeeva, E. Gorbunova, T. Gorshkova, A. Gubanov, M. Gurmach, Y. Ivanova, T. Kolesova, D. Konyushenko, O. Korneeva, O. Kropova, P. Kuchuk, O. Kungurtseva, T. Kupriyanova, B. Kurylo, M. Kuvanova, O. Lebedeva, E. Lileeva, O. Machilskaya, T. Medvedeva, G. Monako, I. Motylev, G. Nagibovich, E. Novikova, Y. Orlov, Y. Osmolovskaya, A. Ovsannikova, D. Platonov, S. Rachkova, O. Sinitsina, S. Speshilova, O. Suslova, A. Ushakov, O. Volodicheva, O. Zemlianskaia, I. Zhirov, E. Zhuravleva, I. Zotova, X. Viñolas, P. Alvarez Garcia, M.F. López Fernández, L. Tercedor, S. Tranche Iparraguirre, P. Torán Monserrat, E. Márquez Contreras, J. Isart Rafecas, J. Motero Carrasco, P. García Pavía, C. Gómez Pajuelo, C. Moro Serrano, L.F. Iglesias Alonso, A. Grande Ruiz, J. Mercé Klein, J.R. Gonzalez Juanatey, G. Barón Esquivias, I. Monte Collado, H. Palacín Piquero, C. Brotons Cuixart, M. Rodríguez Morató, J. Bayo I Llibre, C. Corros Vicente, M. Vida Gutierrez, F. Epelde Gonzalo, C.A. Almeida Fernández, N. Del Val Plana, E. Escrivá Montserrat, J.J. Montero Alía, M. Barreda González, M.A. Moleiro Oliva, J. Iglesias Sanmartín, M. Jiménez González, M. Rodriguez Álvarez, J. Herreros Melenchon, T. Ripoll Vera, F. Ridocci Soriano, L. Garcia Riesco, M.D. Marco Macian, J. Quiles Granado, M. Jimenez Navarro, J. Cosin Sales, J.V. Vaquer Perez, M. Vazquez Caamano, M.F. Arcocha Torres, G. Marcos Gomez, A. Iñiguez Romo, M.A. Prieto Diaz, Carmela Alonso, Concepcion Alonso, D. Alvarez, M. Alvarez, M. Amaro, N. Andere, J. Aracil Villar, R. Armitano Ochoa, A. Austria, S. Barbeira, E. Barraquer Feu, A. Bartes, V. Becerra Munoz, F.J. Bermudez Jimenez, A. Branjovich Tijuan, J. Cabeza Ramirez, M. Cabrera Ramos, E. Calvo Martinez, M. Campo Moreno, G. Cancho Corchado, M. Casanova Gil, M. Castillo Orive, D. Castro Fernandez, M. Cebollada del Misterio, R. Codinachs Alsina, A. Cortada Cabrera, J. Costa Pinto Prego de Faria, S. Costas, M.I. Cotilla Marco, M. Dachs, C.M. Diaz Lopez, A. Domenech Borras, A. Elorriaga Madariaga, A. Espallargas, M. Fernandez, E. Fernandez Escobar, E. Fernandez Mas, A. Ferrer, J. Fosch, M. Garcia Bermudez, V. Garcia Millan, M. Gavira Saenz, C. Gines Garcia, C. Gomez, Y. Gomez Perez, A. Gonzales Segovia, P. Gonzalez, L. Grigorian, A. Guerrero Molina, M. del C. Gutierrez del Val, B. Herrero Maeso, E. Hevia Rodriguez, A. Iglesias Garcia, M.J. Jimenez Fernandez, B. Jimeno Besa, P. Juan Salvadores, M.B. Lage Bouzamayor, I. Lasuncion, L.E. Lezcano Gort, M. Llobet Molina, M. Lopez, A. Manzanal Rey, J. Mara Guerra, S. Marcus, A. Martin Vila, M. Martinez Mena, P. Mazon, F. Mendez Zurita, G. Millán, M. Molina, P. Montero Alia, D. Montes, M. Moure Gonzalez, R.B. Munoz Munoz, A. Negrete Palma, H.N. Orellana Figueroa, V.M. Ortega, C. Ortiz Cortes, D. Otero Tomera, N. Palomo Merchan, I. Pareja Ibar, E. Pena Garcia, M. Pereda Armayor, M. Perez Carasa, I. Prieto, V. Quintern, R. Renom, L.M. Rincon Diaz, V. Rios, L. Riquelme Sola, R. Rivera, X. Robiro Robiro, M. Roca, C. Roca Saumell, C. Rodrigo, E. Rodriguez, M. Rodriguez Garcia, S. Saez Jimenez, P. Sanchez Calderon, L. Sanchez Mendez, S. Sanchez Parra, C. Santolaya, M.R. Senan Sanz, A. Seoane Blanco, E. Serralvo, N. Sierra, C. Simon Valero, J. Sorribes Lopez, M. Teixido Fontanillas, M. Terns Riera, G. Tobajas, C. Torres, J. Torres Marques, M. Ubeda Pastor, M. Rosenqvist, A. Wirdby, J. Linden, K. Henriksson, M. Elmersson, A. Egilsson, U. Börjesson, G. Svärd, B. Liu, A. Lindh, L.-B. Olsson, M. Gustavsson, Lars Andersson, Lisbeth Andersson, L. Benson, C. Bothin, A. Hajimirsadeghi, K. Kadir, M. Ericsson, A. Ohlsson, H. Lindvall, P. Svensson, K. Thorne, H. Handel, P. Platonov, B. Eriksson, I. Timberg, K. Romberg, M. Crisby, J.-E. Karlsson, S.A. Jensen, A. Andersson, L. Malmqvist, B. Martinsson, F. Bernsten, J. Engdahl, J. Thulin, A. Hot-Bjelac, P. Stalby, H. Aaröe, E. Ahbeck, H. Ahlmark, F. Al-Khalili, G. Bonkowski, S. Dzeletovic, A.-B. Ekstrand, G.-B. Eriksson, K. Floren, C. Grässjö, S. Hahn, P. Jaensson, B. Jansson, J.-H. Jansson, R.-M. Kangert, A. Koch, D. Kusiak, A. Lettenström, A. Lindberg, C.-J. Lindholm, A. Mannermyr, K. Mansson, M. Millborg, C. Nilsson, A.-M. Ohlin, A. Olofsson, A. Osberg, A. Pedersen, K. Risbecker, K. Rosenberg, J. Samuelsson, M. Shayesteh, K. Skoglund, M. Stjernberg, C. Thorsen, J. Steffel, J.H. Beer, J. Debrunner, D. Amstutz, J. Bruegger, G. Elise, A. Grau, A. Guinand, I. Henriette, E. Saga, S. Winnik, A. Parkhomenko, I. Rudyk, V. Tseluyko, O. Karpenko, S. Zhurba, I. Kraiz, I. Kupnovytska, N. Serediuk, Y. Mostovoy, O. Ushakov, O. Koval, I. Kovalskyi, Y. Svyshchenko, O. Sychov, M. Stanislavchuk, O. Kraydashenko, A. Yagensky, S. Tykhonova, I. Fushtey, R. Belegai, G. Berko, L. Burdeuna, O. Chabanna, I. Daniuk, A. Ivanov, E. Kamenska, P. Kaplan, O. Khyzhnyak, S. Kizim, O. Matova, O. Medentseva, V. Mochonyi, M. Mospan, V. Nemtsova, T. Ovdiienko, O. Palamarchuk, M. Pavelko, R. Petrovskyy, D. Plevak, O. Proshak, S. Pyvovar, L. Rasputina, O. Romanenko, O. Romanova, A. Sapatyi, O. Shumakov, R. Stets, L. Todoriuk, V. Varenov, D. Fitzmaurice, N. Chauhan, D. Goodwin, P. Saunders, R. Evans, J. Leese, P.S. Jhittay, A. Ross, M.S. Kainth, G. Pickavance, J. McDonnell, A. Williams, T. Gooding, H. Wagner, S. Suryani, A. Singal, S. Sircar, R. Bilas, P. Hutchinson, A. Wakeman, M. Stokes, N. Paul, M. Aziz, C. Ramesh, P. Wilson, S. Franklin, S. Fairhead, J. Thompson, V. St Joseph, G. Taylor, D. Tragen, D. Seamark, C. Paul, M. Richardson, A. Jefferies, H. Sharp, H. Jones, C. Giles, M. Page, O. Oginni, J. Aldegather, S. Wetherwell, W. Lumb, P. Evans, F. Scouller, N. Macey, Y. Stipp, R. West, S. Thurston, P. Wadeson, J. Matthews, P. Pandya, A. Gallagher, T. Railton, B. Sinha, D. Russell, J.A. Davies, P. Ainsworth, C.P. Jones, P. Weeks, J. Eden, D. Kernick, W. Murdoch, L. Lumley, R.P. Patel, S.W. Wong, M. Saigol, K. Ladha, K. Douglas, D.F. Cumberlidge, C. Bradshaw, G. Van Zon, K.P. Jones, M.J. Thomas, E. Watson, B. Sarai, N. Ahmad, W. Willcock, J. Cairns, S. Sathananthan, N. de Kare-Silver, A. Gilliland, E. Strieder, A. Howitt, B. Vishwanathan, N. Bird, D. Gray, M. Clark, J. Bisatt, J. Litchfield, E. Fisher, T. Fooks, A.R. Kelsall, E. Alborough, J. Wakeling, M. Parfitt, K. Milne, S. Rogers, R. Priyadharshan, J.L. Oliver, E. Davies, S. Abushal, M. Jacobs, C. Hutton, N.I. Walls, R. Thompson, C. Chigbo, S.M.A. Zaidi, M. Howard, K.C. Butter, S. Barrow, H. Little, I.U. Haq, L. Gibbons, S. Glencross, A.J. McLeod, K. Poland, C. Mulholland, A. Warke, P. Conn, G. Burns, R.N. Smith, S. Lowe, R. Kamath, H.S. Dau, J. Webster, I. Hodgins, S. Vercoe, P.C. Roome, H. Pinnock, J.R.A. Patel, A. Ali, N. Hart, R. Davies, E. Stuart, C.A. Neden, M. Danielsen, R. Heath, P. Sharma, S. Galloway, C. Hawkins, R. Oliver, M. Aylward, S. Mannion, M. Braddick, D. Edwards, A.C. Rothwell, A. Sabir, F. Choudhary, S. Khalaque, A. Wilson, S. Peters, W. Coulson, N. Roberts, A. Heer, S. Coates, B. Ward, D. Jackson, S. Walton, D. Shepherd, M. Sterry, T. Wong, M. Boon, R. Bunney, R. Haria-Shah, R.T. Baron, S. Davies, T. Schatzberger, N. Hargreaves, T. Stephenson, H. Choi, R. Batson, L. Lucraft, T. Myhill, S. Estifano, D. Geatch, J. Wilkinson, R. Veale, K. Forshaw, T. Davies, K. Zaman, P. Vinson, C. Liley, M. Bandrapalli, P. McGinty, R. Wastling, P. McEleny, A. Beattie, P. Cooke, M. Wong, J. Gunasegaram, M. Pugsley, S. Ahmad, C. A'Court, J. Ayers, J. Bennett, S. Cartwright, S. Dobson, C. Dooldeniya, A. Flynn, R. Fox, J. Goram, A. Halpin, A. Hay, P. Jacobs, L. Jeffers, L. Lomax, I. Munro, R. Muvva, M. Nadaph, K. Powell, S. Randfield, D. Redpath, R. Reed, M. Rickenbach, G. Rogers, P.B. Saunders, C. Seamark, J. Shewring, P. Simmons, H. Simper, H. Stoddart, A. Sword, N. Thomas, A. Thomson, H. Gibbs, A. Blenkhorn, B. Singh, W. Van Gaal, W. Abhayaratna, R. Lehman, P. Roberts-Thomson, J. Kilian, D. Coulshed, A. Catanchin, D. Colquhoun, H. Kiat, D. Eccleston, J. French, L. Zimmett, B. Ayres, T. Phan, P. Blombery, D. Crimmins, D. O'Donnell, A. Choi, P. Astridge, M. Arstall, N. Jepson, M. Binnekamp, A. Lee, J. Rogers, G. Starmer, P. Carroll, J. Faunt, A. Aggarwala, L. Barry, C. Batta, R. Beveridge, A. Black, M. Bonner, J. Boys, E. Buckley, M. Campo, L. Carlton, A. Connelly, B. Conway, D. Cresp, H. Dimitri, S. Dixon, M. Dolman, M. Duroux, M. Eskandari, R. Eslick, A. Ferreira-Jardim, T. Fetahovic, D. Fitzpatrick, R. Geraghty, J. Gibbs, T. Grabek, M.H. Modi, K. Hayes, M.P. Hegde, L. Hesketh, B. Hoffmann, B. Jacobson, K. Johnson, C. Juergens, I. Kassam, V. Lawlor, M. Lehman, S. Lehman, D. Leung, S. Mackay, M. MacKenzie, C. McCarthy, C. McIntosh, L. McKeon, H. Morrison, C. Mussap, J.-D. Myers, V. Nagalingam, G. Oldfield, V. O'May, J. Palmer, L. Parsons, K. Patching, T. Patching, V. Paul, M. Plotz, S. Preston, H. Rashad, M. Ratcliffe, S. Raynes, J. Rose, L. Sanders, M. Seremetkoska, H. Setio, S. Shone, P. Shrestha, C. Singh, C. Singleton, N. Stoyanov, S. Sutcliffe, K. Swaraj, J. Tarrant, S. Thompson, I.M. Tsay, M. Vorster, A. Waldman, L. Wallis, E. Wilford, K. Wong, S.J. Connolly, A. Spyropoulos, J. Eikelboom, R. Luton, M. Gupta, A.S. Pandey, S. Cheung, R. Leader, P. Beaudry, F. Ayala-Paredes, J. Berlingieri, J. Heath, G. Poirier, M. Du Preez, R. Nadeau, G. Dresser, R. Dhillon, T. Hruczkowski, B. Schweitzer, B. Coutu, P. Angaran, P. MacDonald, S. Vizel, S. Fikry, R. Parkash, A. Lavoie, J. Cha, B. Ramjattan, J. Bonet, K. Ahmad, L. Aro, T. Aves, K. Beaudry, C. Bergeron, J. Bigcanoe, N. Bignell, L. Breakwell, E. Burke, L. Carroll, B. Clarke, T. Cleveland, S. Daheb, P. Dehghani, I. Denis, Z. Djaidani, P. Dorian, S. Douglass, J. Dunnigan, A. Ewert, D. Farquhar, A. Fearon, L. Ferleyko, D. Fournier, B. Fox, M.-C. Grenier, W. Gulliver, K. Haveman, C. Hines, K. Hines, A.M. Jackson, C. Jean, G. Jethoo, R. Kahlon, S. Kelly, R. Kim, V. Korley, J. Kornder, L. Kwan, J. Largy, C. Lewis, S. Lewis, I. Mangat, R. Moor, J. Navratil, I. Neas, J. Otis, R. Otis, M. Pandey, F. Petrie, A. Pinter, M. Raines, P. Roberts, M. Robinson, G. Sas, S. Schulman, L. Snell, S. Spearson, J. Stevenson, T. Trahey, S. Wong, D. Wright, H. Ragy, A. Abd El-Aziz, S.K. Abou Seif, M.G. El Din, S. El Etriby, A. Elbahry, A. El-Etreby, M. Elkhadem, A. Katta, T. Khairy, A. Mowafy, M. Nawar, A. Ohanissian, A. Reda, M. Reda, H. Salem, N. Sami, S. Samir, M. Setiha, M. Sobhy, A. Soliman, N. Taha, M. Tawfik, E. Zaatout, D. Kettles, J. Bayat, H. Siebert, A. Horak, Y. Kelfkens, R. Garda, T. Pillay, M. Guerra, L. van Zyl, H. Theron, A. Murray, R. Louw, D. Greyling, P. Mntla, V. Ueckermann, R. Loghdey, S. Ismail, F. Ahmed, J. Engelbrecht, A. Ramdass, S. Maharajh, W. Oosthuysen, G. Angel, C. Bester, M. Booysen, C. Boshoff, C. Cannon, S. Cassimjee, C. Chami, G. Conway, A. Davids, L. de Meyer, G. Du Plessis, T. Ellis, L. Henley, M. Karsten, E. Loyd, J. Marks, L. Mavhusa, M. Mostert, A. Page, L. Rikhotso, M. Salie, J. Sasto, F. Shaik, A. Skein, L. Smith, G. Tarr, T. Tau, F. van Zyl, W. Al Mahmeed, G. Yousef, A. Agrawal, M. Nathani, M. Ibrahim, E.M. Esheiba, R. Singh, A. Naguib, M. Abu-Mahfouz, M. Al Omairi, A. Al Naeemi, R. Maruthanayagam, N. Bazargani, A. Wassef, R. Gupta, M. Khan, B. Subbaraman, A. Abdul, A. Al Mulla, S. El Bardisy, P. Haridas, S. Jadhav, K. Magdaluyo, M. Makdad, I. Maqsood, R. Mohamed, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, M. Thanzeel, S.Z. Goldhaber, R. Canosa, P. Rama, E. Blumberg, J. Garcia, P. Mullen, V. Wilson, A. Quick, K. Ferrick, W.M. Kutayli, M. Cox, M. Franco, S. Falkowski, R. Mendelson, M. Williams, S. Miller, S. Beach, A. Alfieri, T. Gutowski, I. Haque, R. Reddy, W. Ahmed, P. Delafontaine, D. Diercks, D. Theodoro, K. Remmel, M. Alberts, R. Ison, H. Noveck, P. Duffy, S. Pitta, D. Nishijima, C. Treasure, N. Asafu-Adjaye, K. Ball, M. Bartlett, M. Bentley, S. Bowers, A. Brown, A. Browne, J. Cameron-Watts, M. Canova, D. Cassidy, K. Cervellione, S. Congal, J. DePauw, A. Dickerson, M. Eley, L. Evans, S. Felpel, K. Ferdinand, D. Fielder, P. Gentry, A. Haideri, F. Hakimi, T. Harbour, E. Hartranft, B. Hawkins, M. Headlee, L. Henson, C. Herrick, T. Hicks, S. Jasinski, A. Jones, L. Jones, P. Jones, S. Karl, M. Keeling, J. Kerr, P. Knowles, J. Langdon, M. Lay, J.A. Lee, T. Lincoln, E. Malone, A. Merliss, D. Merritt, J. Minardo, B. Mooso, C. Orosco, V. Palumbo, M. Parker, T. Parrott, S. Paserchia, G. Pearl, J. Peterson, N. Pickelsimer, T. Purcell, J. Raynor, S. Raziano, C. Richard, T. Richardson, C. Robertson, A. Sage, T. Sanghera, P. Shaw, J. Shoemaker, K. Smith, B. Stephanie, A. Thatcher, H. Theobald, N. Thompson, L. Treasure, T. Tripti, C. Verdi, and V. Worthy

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. Methods and results: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012–2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P

Published
2018
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4. MONITORING CHANGES OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SUPPLY AND DEMAND PATTERN IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN LIAONING URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS, CHINA USING LANDSAT IMAGES

Author

B. Li, F. Huang, S. Chang, H. Qi, and H. Zhai

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Indentifying the spatio-temporal patterns of ecosystem services supply and demand and the driving forces is of great significance to the regional ecological security and sustainable socio-economic development. Due to long term and high-intensity development, the ecological environment in central and southern Liaoning urban agglomerations has been greatly destroyed thereafter has restricted sustainable development in this region. Based on Landsat ETM and OLI images, land use of this urban agglomeration in 2005, 2010 and 2015 was extracted. The integrative index of multiple-ecosystem services (IMES) was used to quantify the supply (IMESs), demand (IMESd) and balance (IMESb) of multiple-ecosystem services, The spatial patterns of ecosystem services and its dynamics for the period of 2005–2015 were revealed. The multiple regression and stepwise regression analysis were used to explore relationships between ecosystem services and socioeconomic factors. The results showed that the IMESs of the region increased by 2.93 %, whereas IMESd dropped 38 %. The undersupplied area was reduced to 2. The IMESs and IMESb were mainly negatively correlated with gross domestic product (GDP), population density, foreign investment and industrial output, while GDP per capita and the number of teachers had significant positive impacts on ecosystem services supply. The positive correlation between IMESd and GDP, population density and foreign investment were found. The ecosystem services models were established. Supply and balance of multiple-ecosystem services were positively correlated with population density, but the demand was the opposite. The results can provide some reference value for the coordinately economic and ecological development in the study area.

Published
2018
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5. SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF SOIL WATER USE IN THE GROWING SEASON IN NORTHEAST CHINA USING MODIS DATA

Author

s. Chang, F. Huang, B. Li, H. Qi, and H. Zhai

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Water use efficiency is known as an important indicator of carbon and water cycle and reflects the transformation capacity of vegetation water and nutrients into biomass. In this study, we presented a new indicator of water use efficiency, soil water use level (SWUL), derived from satellite remote sensing based gross primary production and the Visible and Shortwave Infrared Drought Index (VSDI). SWUL based on MODIS data was calculated for the growing season of 2014 in Northeast China, and the spatial pattern and the variation trend were analyzed. Results showed that the highest SWUL was observed in forestland with the value of 36.65. In cropland and grassland, the average SWUL were 26.18 and 29.29, respectively. SWUL showed an increased trend in the first half period of the growing season and peaked around the 200th day. After the 220th day, SWUL presented a decreasing trend. Compared to the soil water use efficiency (SWUE), SWUL might depict the water use status at finer spatial resolution. The new indicator SWUL can help promote understanding the water use efficiency for regions of higher spatial heterogeneity.

Published
2018
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6. APPLING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE TO MONITORING SPATIAL EXPANSION OF IMPORTANT CITIES IN CHINA-INDOCHINA PENINSULA ECONOMIC CORRIDOR

Author

J. Li, H. Wang, G. Wang, H. Zhai, M. Han, and X. Liu

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

Since twentieth Century, the process of economic globalization has made great progress, and Southeast Asia has developed rapidly under the background of international industrial transferring. In this paper, the 6 important nodes cities in China - Indochina Peninsula along the economic corridor are took as study area. The main data is time series Landsat data. The method of object-oriented random forest classification was used to extract the classification results of study area from 2000 to 2015. The urban expansion of the node cities was evaluated by calculating the expansion speed of the impervious surface and the landscape pattern metrics. The results indicated that the method of object oriented random forest classification can effectively extract the urban impervious surface. the overall accuracy is over 81 %, and the Kappa coefficient is over 0.82. In the past 15 years, the expansion speed of Vientiane city was fastest in 6 countries. The area of urban impervious surface expanded 8 times than that of 2000.The pattern of expansion is summarized as “gather first-diffuse then”, “diffuse first-gather then” and “gather”. Overall, the process of urbanization of these cities are still in the rising period.

Published
2017
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7. HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE KERNEL SPARSE SUBSPACE CLUSTERING WITH SPATIAL MAX POOLING OPERATION

Author

H. Zhang, H. Zhai, W. Liao, L. Cao, L. Zhang, and A. Pižurica

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

In this paper, we present a kernel sparse subspace clustering with spatial max pooling operation (KSSC-SMP) algorithm for hyperspectral remote sensing imagery. Firstly, the feature points are mapped from the original space into a higher dimensional space with a kernel strategy. In particular, the sparse subspace clustering (SSC) model is extended to nonlinear manifolds, which can better explore the complex nonlinear structure of hyperspectral images (HSIs) and obtain a much more accurate representation coefficient matrix. Secondly, through the spatial max pooling operation, the spatial contextual information is integrated to obtain a smoother clustering result. Through experiments, it is verified that the KSSC-SMP algorithm is a competitive clustering method for HSIs and outperforms the state-of-the-art clustering methods.

Published
2016
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9. Cytosolic GAPDH: a key mediator in redox signal transduction in plants

Author

S. S. Yang and Q. H. Zhai

Subjects
abiotic stresses, cysteine modification, glycolysis, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, post-translational modifications, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Plant ecology, QK900-989
Abstract

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) serves not only as a key enzyme in glycolysis, but also as a multifunctional protein in other biological processes, especially in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Cytosolic GAPDH (GAPC) is a typical redox protein with selected catalytic cysteine, which undergoes reversible redox post-translational modifications (RPTMs) on its thiol group by reacting with hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide related species. Moreover, the modified GAPC may interact with certain signal transmitters such as phosphatidic acid, phospholipase D, and osmotic stress-activated protein kinase. All these observations suggest that GAPC serve as a key mediator in redox signal transduction in plants. In this review, we provide an up-to-date insight into molecular mechanisms after H2O2- and NO-dependent oxidation of GAPC. We also discuss GAPC catalytic functions and potential functions as a modified protein by RPTMs.

Published
2017
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11. [Metagenomic sequencing for diagnosis of sparganosis mansoni: a case report]

Author

C M, Pang, X L, Yang, Y, Wang, H, Zhai, F, Miao, and S M, Zhang

Subjects
Sparganosis, Humans, Hospitals
Abstract

The patient was found to develop a migrating mass in the lower abdomen without any known cause in 2000, and the cause had not been identified following multiple diagnoses since then. The mass was found to migrate to the left anterior axillary regions on August 11, 2020. Then, three segments of incomplete white worms were resected through minimally invasive surgery, and metagenomic sequencing revealed sparganosis mansoni. After surgical resection of complete worms was performed on October 21, 2021, the case was cured and discharged from the hospital. Follow-up revealed satisfactory outcomes and no new mass was found throughout the body.

Published
2022

13. [Intraoperative ultrasound assisted circumferential decompression for multilevel ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in thoracic vertebrae]

Author

S H, Zhai, P P, Hu, and X G, Liu

Subjects
Adult, Male, Blood Loss, Surgical, Middle Aged, Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament, Decompression, Surgical, Thoracic Vertebrae, Longitudinal Ligaments, 论著, Spinal Fusion, Treatment Outcome, Osteogenesis, Humans, Female, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of short-segment circumferential decompression and the nerve function improvement in 30 cases of multilevel thoracic OPLL assisted by intraoperative ultrasound. METHODS: A total of 30 patients with multilevel thoracic OPLL from January 2016 to January 2021 were enrolled, all of whom were located by intraoperative ultrasound and underwent circumferential decompression. There were 14 males and 16 females, with an average age of (49.3±11.4) years. The initial symptoms were mainly numbness and weakness of lower limbs (83.3%), and the mean duration of symptoms was (33.9±42.9) months (1-168 months). Neurological function was assessed by the Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) score (0-11) preoperative and at the last follow-up, in which the rate of neurological improvement was calculated by the Harabayashi method. The patients were divided into excellent improved group and poor improved group according to the improvement of neurological function. The age, body mass index (BMI), duration of symptoms, operation time, blood loss, mJOA score, surgical level, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage of the two groups were collected and analyzed for statistical differences. The factors influencing the improvement of neurological function were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logisitic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean operation time was 137.4±33.8 (56-190) min, and the mean blood loss was (653.7±534.2) mL (200－3 000 mL). The preoperative mJOA score was 6.0±2.1 (2－9), and the last follow-up mJOA score was 7.6±1.9 (4－11), which was significantly improved in all the patients (P < 0.001). The average improvement rate of neurological function was 38.1%±24.4% (14.3%－100%), including 75%－100% in 4 cases, 50%－74% in 3 cases, 25%－49% improved in 14 cases, and 0%－24% in 9 cases. There was significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the excellent improved group and the poor improved group (P=0.047). Intraoperative blood loss was also an independent risk factor in regression analysis of neurological improvement. CONCLUSION: Thoracic circumferential decompression assisted with intraoperative ultrasound can significantly improve the neurological function of patients with multilevel OPLL and achieve good efficacy. The improvement rate of nerve function can be improved effectively by controlling intraoperative blood loss.

Published
2022

14. Study of flow and heat transfer characteristics around a flat plate located between two symmetrical cylinders

Author

G. N. Xi, S. H. Zhai, L. Wang, Y. Deng, G. Z. Yin, and S. D. Zhou

Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Flow visualization, Environmental Engineering, Materials science, Flow (mathematics), Heat transfer, Building and Construction, Mechanics
Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a flat plate located between two symmetrical cylinders. Flow visualization experiments were conducted based on ...

Published
2021

15. The Influence of Local Tapes Misalignment in Stacked YBCO Cable on Its AC Loss

Author

Y. C. Qian, Y. F. Zhang, Z. Sun, G. P. Shi, L. H. Zhai, and C. B. Han

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Rare earth, Condensed Matter Physics, Current amplitude, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Conductor, Magnetic field, Magnetization, Transverse plane, Amplitude, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Composite material, 010306 general physics
Abstract

When calculating the AC loss of REBa2Cu3O7−x (REBCO, RE = rare earth) coated conductor cable with stacked geometry, it is often considered that the tapes in the cable is perfectly stacked (there is no transverse misalignment of the tapes). However, the actual stacked cable will have transverse misalignment. The influence of transverse misalignment of tapes on the AC loss of the whole cable needs to be studied in order to understand the actual situation. In this paper, the 2-D H formulation calculated the AC loss of the cable with 10 tapes stacked in three cases. In the first case, the cables are perfectly stacked without lateral misalignment between the tapes. In the second case, the tapes of the cable are oblique to one side. In the third case, the tapes are disordered with each other. The result shows that under the transport current at 50 Hz, when the transport current is less than 0.75Ic0, the transport loss of the cable with obliquely stacked cable is more than the perfectly stacked cable, and when the transport current is greater than 0.75Ic0, the transport loss of the perfectly stacked cable is slightly larger than the obliquely stacked cable. Moreover, the transport loss of disorderly stacked cable is more than perfectly stacked cable at 50 Hz. When the transport current amplitude and the misalignment distance between the tapes in the cable are constant, the transport loss of obliquely stacked cable and disorderly stacked cable relative to perfectly stacked cable both increases first and then decreases as the frequency increases. Under the 50 Hz magnetization field, the magnetization loss of the perfectly stacked cable is less than the cables with oblique misalignment and disorder misalignment. When the amplitude of the external magnetic field and the misalignment distance between the tapes in the cable are constant, the magnetization loss of obliquely stacked cable and disorderly stacked cable relative to perfectly stacked cable also increased first and then decreased as the frequency increased.

Published
2021

22. Mapping non-laminar proton acceleration in laser-driven target normal sheath field

Author

H. Zhang, Yi Xu, Liangliang Ji, J. Y. Qian, Fenxiang Wu, Baifei Shen, S. Li, Yuxin Leng, Z. X. Zhang, A. X. Li, C.Y. Qin, Xiaoyan Liang, S. H. Zhai, Ruxin Li, and J. Y. Gui

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Field (physics), Laminar flow, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Computational physics, Acceleration, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics
Abstract

We report on experimental observation of non-laminar proton acceleration modulated by a strong magnetic field in laser irradiating micrometer aluminum targets. The results illustrate the coexistence of ring-like and filamentation structures. We implement the knife edge method into the radiochromic film detector to map the accelerated beams, measuring a source size of 30–110 μm for protons of more than 5 MeV. The diagnosis reveals that the ring-like profile originates from low-energy protons far off the axis whereas the filamentation is from the near-axis high-energy protons, exhibiting non-laminar features. Particle-in-cell simulations reproduced the experimental results, showing that the short-term magnetic turbulence via Weibel instability and the long-term quasi-static annular magnetic field by the streaming electric current account for the measured beam profile. Our work provides direct mapping of laser-driven proton sources in the space-energy domain and reveals the non-laminar beam evolution at featured time scales.

Published
2021

23. [Allo-HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplastic-related changes: a clinical analysis]

Author

H X, Zhang, A M, Pang, X, Chen, R L, Zhang, W H, Zhai, Q L, Ma, D L, Yang, J L, Wei, Y, He, S Z, Feng, M Z, Han, and E L, Jiang

Subjects
Adult, Male, Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplastic related changes, 基因突变, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, 造血干细胞移植, Graft vs Host Disease, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Genetic mutations, 论著, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Humans, Female, Retrospective Studies, 急性髓系白血病伴骨髓增生异常相关改变
Abstract

目的 评价异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）治疗急性髓系白血病伴骨髓增生异常相关改变（AML-MRC）的疗效及预后因素，分析AML-MRC患者基因突变谱系并探讨影响移植预后的分子生物学特征。 方法 对2006年至2020年于中国医学科学院血液病医院接受allo-HSCT的75例AML-MRC患者进行回顾性分析。将75例患者分为：H组［既往有骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）或MDS/骨髓增殖性肿瘤（MPN）病史］、C组（新诊断的AML-MRC伴MDS相关细胞遗传学异常）和M组（新诊断的AML-MRC伴多系发育异常），分析三组患者临床特征差异以及对移植预后的影响。对43例患者行骨髓靶向二代测序（137个基因）。 结果 ①75例AML-MRC患者，男41例，女34例，中位年龄41（18～56）岁，中位随访时间为35（95％ CI 30～49）个月，中位总生存（OS）时间为78个月（95％CI 23个月～未达到）。移植后3年OS率为57.1％（95％CI 45.6％～71.4％），无事件生存（EFS）率为52.0％（95％CI 40.8％～66.1％），累积复发率（CIR）为26.8％（95％CI 16.6％～30.0％），移植相关死亡率（TRM）为22.7％（95％ CI 13.2％～33.8％）。多因素分析显示，移植前处于非第1次完全缓解（CR1）状态是移植后OS和EFS的独立危险因素。影响OS的独立危险因素还包括−5/5q−染色体核型异常、移植后未发生慢性移植物抗宿主病（慢性GVHD）。②75例患者中H组59例（78.7％），其中20例转化为白血病（转白）前曾接受去甲基化药物治疗；C组9例（12.0％），M组7例（9.3％）。M、H、C组移植后3年OS率分别为71.4％（95％CI 44.7％～100.0％）、55.0％（95％CI 41.8％～72.5％）、55.6％（95％ CI 31.0％～99.7％）（P＝0.700），EFS率分别为71.4％（95％CI 44.7％～100.0％）、46.5％（95％CI 34.0％～63.8％）、55.6％（95％CI 31.0％～99.7％）（P＝0.600）；原发性AML-MRC与继发性AML-MRC相比，移植后3年OS、EFS率差异无统计学意义［61.9％（95％CI 41.9％～91.4％）对55.0％（95％ CI 41.8％～72.5％），P＝0.600；61.9％（95％CI 41.9％～91.4％）对46.5％（95％CI 34.0％～63.8％），P＝0.400］。转白前接受去甲基化治疗（20例）与未接受去甲基化治疗（39例）患者比较，转白时间差异无统计学意义［195（16～937）d对162（9～3167）d，P＝0.804］，且两组患者OS和EFS差异无统计学意义（P＝0.400，P＝0.700）。③对43例（57.3％）患者骨髓样本行二代基因测序，共发现73个突变类型，检出率最高的是U2AF1（11例，25.6％），其他检出率>10％的突变包括RUNX1（10例，23.3％）、NRAS（10例，23.3％）、ASXL1（6例，14.0％）、PTPN11（5例，11.6％）、TET2（5例，11.6％）。单因素分析显示U2AF1［P＝0.875，HR＝1.110（95％ CI 0.295～4.195）］、RUNX1［P＝0.685，HR＝0.728（95％ CI 0.157～3.375）］、NRAS［P＝0.919，HR＝0.923（95％CI 0.196～4.334）］突变对移植后OS没有影响。 结论 −5/5q−染色体异常、未发生慢性GVHD、移植前非CR1状态是影响AML-MRC患者移植后OS的独立危险因素；MHC亚组分类不是影响移植预后的因素；去甲基化药物治疗可能无助于延缓MDS患者转白以及延长移植后OS期。

Published
2021

24. [Clinical and prognosis analysis of children with kidney retransplantation]

Author

M H, Yu, L, Miao, Y H, Zhai, J, Chen, X Y, Fang, Q F, Miao, J L, Liu, J J, Liu, X S, Tang, Z Q, Zhang, L, Zhang, L, Zeng, H, Xu, and Q, Shen

Subjects
Male, Reoperation, Adolescent, Graft Survival, Humans, Female, Child, Kidney, Prognosis, Kidney Transplantation, Tissue Donors, Retrospective Studies
Published
2021

25. [The correlation study on human respiratory syncytial virus daily incidence and meteorological parameters in the main urban area of Chongqing from 2009 to 2019]

Author

X Y, Liu, X, Long, H, Zhai, S Y, Chen, Y, Deng, X H, Xie, N, Zang, J, Xie, Z X, Luo, J, Luo, Q B, Li, Z, Fu, L, Ren, and E M, Liu

Subjects
Male, China, Incidence, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Humans, Infant, Female, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Child, Correlation of Data, Respiratory Tract Infections
Published
2021

26. Large-scale proton radiography with micrometer spatial resolution using femtosecond petawatt laser system

Author

W. P. Wang, B. F. Shen, H. Zhang, X. M. Lu, C. Wang, Y. Q. Liu, L. H. Yu, Y. X. Chu, Y. Y. Li, T. J. Xu, S. H. Zhai, Y. X. Leng, X. Y. Liang, R. X. Li, and Z. Z. Xu

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

An image of dragonfly with many details is obtained by the fundamental property of the high-energy proton source on a femtosecond petawatt laser system. Equal imaging of the dragonfly and high spatial resolution on the micrometer scale are simultaneously obtained. The head, wing, leg, tail, and even the internal tissue structures are clearly mapped in detail by the proton beam. Experiments show that image blurring caused by multiple Coulomb scattering can be reduced to a certain extent and the spatial resolution can be increased by attaching the dragonfly to the RCFs, which is consistent with theoretical assumptions.

Published
2015
Full Text
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29. [Syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aplastic anemia]

Author

Y, Zhang, D L, Yang, R L, Zhang, W H, Zhai, A M, Pang, Y, He, E L, Jiang, S Z, Feng, and M Z, Han

Subjects
Adult, Male, Transplantation Conditioning, 同基因, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, 造血干细胞移植, Anemia, Aplastic, Graft vs Host Disease, Syngeneic, 论著, Young Adult, Humans, Female, 再生障碍性贫血, 植入失败, Graft failure, Aplastic anemia, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

目的 评价同基因造血干细胞移植（syn-HSCT）治疗再生障碍性贫血（AA）的疗效。 方法 对11例接受syn-HSCT的AA患者进行回顾性分析。 结果 全部11例AA患者中男4例，女7例，中位年龄为22（7～44）岁。全部11例患者移植后均获得造血重建，中位粒细胞植入时间为10（8～23）d，中位血小板植入时间为11（8～28）d。8例患者获得长期稳定植入，3例患者植入失败，其中2例行二次移植（1例获得到长期稳定植入，另1例造血重建后再次发生植入失败）。中位随访时间为53（5～135）个月，全部11例患者均存活，其中9例患者外周血象长期正常。 结论 syn-HSCT治疗AA可获得良好的长期生存，植入失败仍是有待解决的主要问题。

Published
2021

31. Dietary choline supplementation regulated lipid profiles of egg yolk, blood, and liver and improved hepatic redox status in laying hens

Author

Q. H. Zhai, J. M. Tong, and X. F. Dong

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Very low-density lipoprotein, food.ingredient, Apolipoprotein B, Choline, Random Allocation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Phosphatidylcholine, Internal medicine, Yolk, medicine, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Glutathione Peroxidase, 0303 health sciences, biology, Triglyceride, Superoxide Dismutase, Cholesterol, Glutathione peroxidase, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Lipid Metabolism, Animal Feed, Egg Yolk, Lipids, 040201 dairy & animal science, Diet, Endocrinology, Liver, chemistry, Phosphatidylcholines, biology.protein, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Animal Science and Zoology, Chickens, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract

Five hundred and forty 19-wk-old HyLine Brown laying hens were randomly distributed to 6 dietary treatments and fed 1of 6 corn-soybean meal-based diets added into choline with 0, 425, 850, 1,700, 3,400, and 6,800 mg/kg to investigate effects of dietary choline supplementation on lipid profiles of egg yolk, serum and liver, and hepatic redox status of laying hens. Yolk weight and total lipid, triglyceride, cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, apolipoprotein B 100 (apoB 100), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and liver relative weight, total lipid, triglyceride and apoB 100 as well as hepatic total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in laying hens at weeks 58 and 68 of age were determined. The differences (P0.001) were caused by choline treatments in yolk phosphatidylcholine (at 850 mg/kg or more choline), serum VLDL, and liver triglyceride (at 1,700 and 3,400 mg/kg choline) of birds, at weeks 58 and 68 of age, and yolk total lipids were elevated (P0.05) by supplemental choline at 3,400 mg/kg whereas liver total lipids were reduced (P0.05) by 1,700 and 3,400 mg/kg choline addition. Hens fed diets supplemented choline had higher (P = 0.005) liver GSH-Px activity (with 3,400 mg/kg choline) and greater (P = 0.014) T-AOC (with 1,700 mg/kg choline) than those fed diets with 0 and 425 mg/kg choline addition. Choline affected serum VLDL, liver total lipid, triglyceride and apoB 100 at weeks 58 and 68 of age and hepatic GSH-Px activity, T-AOC and MDA at week 68 of age quadratically (P0.05), whereas it influenced total lipid and phosphatidylcholine of egg yolk linearly (P0.05) and quadratically (P0.05). In conclusion, dietary choline supplementation elevated yolk total lipid and phosphatidylcholine and serum VLDL, reduced liver total lipid and triglyceride, and enhanced hepatic GSH-Px activity and T-AOC in laying hens.

Published
2019

32. Hypomethylating agents for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

R-J, Zhang, J-H, Zhai, Z-J, Zhang, L-H, Yang, M-F, Wang, and C-X, Dong

Subjects
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Azacitidine, Humans, Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Abstract

Abnormal DNA methylation plays a critical role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis and hypomethylating agents (HMAs) such as decitabine (5-aza-29-deoxycytidine) and azacitidine (5-azacytidine) are considered efficacious for treating AML. This study aimed to identify if HMAs have therapeutic advantages compared with conventional care regimens (CCR) or placebo in elderly AML patients.We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to November July 15, 2020. Randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy and adverse events associated with HMAs, CCR, or placebo were searched. RevMan 5.3 software was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).Seven trials with a total of 1966 participants were included. Meta-analyses showed that the overall survival of HMAs was better than that of CCR [HR=0.76, 95% CI (0.69-0.85), (p0.01)], and the complete remission rate of elderly AML patients was increased by HMAs compared with CCR [RR=1.46, 95%CI (1.08-1.99), p=0.01)]. HMA treatment showed higher incidence of neutropenia [RR=1.30 (95%CI 1.07-1.59, p=0.008)], thrombocytopenia [RR=1.14 (95%CI 1.01-1.59, p=0.04)], and pneumonia [RR=1.37 (95%CI 1.06-1.76, p=0.02)] compared with CCR.Although HMAs cause a higher incidence of adverse events such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and pneumonia, demethylation drugs are well-tolerated and effective for treating AML in the elderly.

Published
2021

35. Experimental and Simulation Data-Driven Rolling Bearing Fault Size Quantitative Diagnosis in Big Data Era

Author

Yunchuan Jiang, Wentao Huang, H. Zhai, Wei Wang, and Jianing Luo

Subjects
Bearing (mechanical), Computer science, Degrees of freedom (mechanics), Fault (power engineering), computer.software_genre, Field (computer science), law.invention, Data-driven, Data set, law, Data mining, Entropy (energy dispersal), computer, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Data-driven fault diagnosis based on machine learning in rolling bearing has become a hot topic in the field of fault diagnosis in recent years. Researchers have focused on the study of diagnostic methods while ignoring the connotation of data and the background of big data. Therefore, aiming at the problem that sample data is insufficient in rolling bearing fault diagnosis, the vibration response simulation signal generated by the dynamic model of the rolling bearing with four degrees of freedom is applied to the quantitative diagnosis of the rolling bearing fault size so as to enrich the data set of the rolling bearing. The VMD-BLSTM method is proposed, which extracts the information features by calculating the VMD energy entropy of rolling bearing vibration signal based on variational mode decomposition and put features into BLSTM network, in order to obtain the result of different fault size classification of rolling bearing. This method is applied to both experimental and simulation data-driven rolling bearing fault size quantitative diagnosis by estimating fault size of rolling bearing intelligently.

Published
2021

36. Fault Location Method of Multiple Bearings in Shafting Based on SPWVD-CNN

Author

W. J. Wang, Y. Lei, W. T. Huang, and H. Zhai

Subjects
Image stitching, Bearing (mechanical), law, Control theory, Position (vector), Computer science, Frequency domain, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, Time domain, Coaxial, Fault (power engineering), Signal, law.invention
Abstract

To solve the problem of multi-bearing fault diagnosis in mechanical equipment, it is necessary not only to confirm whether there is fault in shafting, but also to determine the position of the fault bearing, so as to meet the application needs in practical engineering scenarios and effectively realize further diagnosis. In this study, a fault location diagnosis method based on CNN for multiple rolling bearings under coaxial installation in shafting is proposed. First, By analyzing the vibration response signals in time domain and frequency domain, a time-frequency analysis method based on SPWVD is proposed to identify the fault signal and the coupling signal. Then, the information of fault and position can be used as the input of AlexNet network for diagnosis by stitching the time-frequency diagrams of bearing signals of each position in the shafting. The experimental results show that the accuracy of fault diagnosis of the inner and outer ring fault bearings is above 90% when the three bearings are coaxial installed in the shafting. It verifies the effectiveness of fault location based on SPWVD-CNN in the coaxial installation of multiple bearings in the shafting.

Published
2021

38. [Clinical analysis of 2 820 cases of drug-induced liver injury]

Author

F J, Song, Q H, Zhai, Q J, He, S, Lyu, B, Zhu, T J, Xu, H, Tian, S J, Xin, and S L, You

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cholestasis, Liver, Hepatocytes, Humans, Female, Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Retrospective Studies
Published
2020

39. [Autologous versus unrelated donor stem cell transplantation for adults with primary acute myeloid leukemia in first remission]

Author

J F, Yao, G X, Zhang, D L, Yang, Y, He, J L, Wei, W H, Zhai, E L, Jiang, R L, Zhang, S Z, Feng, and M Z, Han

Subjects
Adult, Acute myeloid leukemia, 自体造血干细胞移植, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Graft vs Host Disease, Autologous stem cell transplantation, Transplantation, Autologous, 论著, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Cytogenetics, 急性髓系白血病, Humans, Unrelated donor stem cell transplantation, Unrelated Donors, 细胞遗传学, Retrospective Studies, 无关供者造血干细胞移植
Abstract

目的 分析自体造血干细胞移植（auto-HSCT）与无关供者造血干细胞移植（URD-HSCT）治疗首次完全缓解期（CR1）成人原发性急性髓系白血病（AML）的疗效，比较并探讨两种移植方式的差异及适应人群。 方法 对2008年3月至2018年11月在中国医学科学院血液病医院接受auto-HSCT及URD-HSCT的成人原发性AML患者进行回顾性分析。 结果 共纳入147例患者，其中auto-HSCT组87例，URD-HSCT组60例，两组病例基线特征基本一致。auto-HSCT组、URD-HSCT组+30 d粒细胞植活率差异无统计学意义［92.6%（95% CI 86.9%～98.3%）对98.3%（95% CI 95.0%～100.0%），P＝0.270］，auto-HSCT组+60 d血小板累积植活率低于URD-HSCT组［83.6%（95% CI 75.8%～91.4%）对93.3%（95% CI 87.0%～99.6%），P

Published
2020

40. [Comparison of autologous versus matched sibling donor stem cell transplantation for patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia]

Author

M N, Lyu, E L, Jiang, Y, He, D L, Yang, Q L, Ma, A M, Pang, W H, Zhai, J L, Wei, Y, Huang, G X, Zhang, R L, Zhang, S Z, Feng, and M Z, Han

Subjects
Complete molecular response, Transplantation Conditioning, Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Siblings, 自体造血干细胞移植, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Graft vs Host Disease, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Transplantation, Autologous, 异基因造血干细胞移植, Allogeneic stem cell transplantation, 论著, Autologous stem cell transplatation, 费城染色体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病, 完全分子学缓解, Humans, Philadelphia Chromosome, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

目的 比较自体造血干细胞移植（auto-HSCT）和同胞全相合造血干细胞移植（MSD-HSCT）治疗费城染色体阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病（Ph+ ALL）的疗效，为患者移植方式的选择提供依据。 方法 回顾性总结2008年1月至2017年12月于中国医学科学院血液病医院行auto-HSCT（31例）及MSD-HSCT（47例）的78例Ph+ ALL患者的临床特征，比较不同移植方式患者的总生存（OS）率、无白血病生存（LFS）率、累积复发率（CIR）及非复发死亡率（NRM），并观察是否3个月内实现完全分子学缓解并持续至移植（s3CMR）条件下不同移植方式对预后的影响。 结果 auto-HSCT组、MSD-HSCT组粒细胞植入的中位时间分别为12（10～29）d、14（11～24）d（P＝0.006），血小板植入的中位时间分别为17.5（10～62）d、17（10～33）d（P＝0.794）。MSD-HSCT组中，Ⅱ～Ⅳ度和Ⅲ～Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的发生率分别为27.7%（13/47）和8.5%（4/47），局限型和广泛型慢性GVHD的发生率为17.0%（8/47）和12.8%（6/47）。auto-HSCT组、MSD-HSCT组3年CIR、NRM、LFS率差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。在达到s3CMR的44例患者中，auto-HSCT组和MSD-HSCT组的3年OS率［（84.0±8.6）%对（78.0±8.7）%，P＝0.612］、LFS率［（70.3±10.3）%对（68.2±10.1）%，P＝0.970］、CIR［（24.9±10.0）%对（14.4±8.0）%，P＝0.286］和NRM［（4.7±4.7）%对（17.4±8.1）%，P＝0.209］差异均无统计学意义；未达到s3CMR的34例患者中，auto-HSCT组与MSD-HSCT组相比，3年CIR明显升高［（80.0±14.7）%对（39.6±10.9）%，P＝0.057］。 结论 对于化疗后达s3CMR的Ph+ ALL患者，auto-HSCT是一种有效的巩固治疗选择，与MSD-HSCT疗效相当；对于未达到s3CMR的患者，MSD-HSCT复发率更低。

Published
2020

41. Hsa_circ_0011946 promotes the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing EMT process

Author

L, Ren, H, Zhai, X-L, Wang, J-Z, Li, and Y-H, Xia

Subjects
Adult, Male, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Cell Movement, Liver Neoplasms, Humans, Female, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Hep G2 Cells, RNA, Circular, Middle Aged
Abstract

Recently, the vital role of circular RNAs is discovered in many diseases including tumor progression and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most ordinary malignant tumors. The purpose of our study is to detect the potential function of hsa_circ_0011946 in HCC to offer new biomarkers and targets.The level of hsa_circ_0011946 in HCC tissues and cell lines was monitored by Real Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Pearson's Chi-square test was used to determine the association between hsa_circ_0011946 expression and several clinicopathological factors. Then, hsa_circ_0011946 was knocked down in HCC cells to uncover its function in metastasis of HCC. Cell migrated and invaded ability was measured through transwell assay, Matrigel assay and wound healing assay. Western blot assay was performed to analyze the effect of hsa_circ_0011946 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.In this research, the expression level of hsa_circ_0011946 was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared to that in adjacent samples. The expression of hsa_circ_0011946 was also increased in HCC cell lines. The hsa_circ_0011946 expression was associated with lymphatic metastasis in HCC patients. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946 led to the inhibition of cell migration and invasion in HCC. In addition, results of further experiments revealed that the EMT-related proteins were regulated via the knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946 in HCC.The hsa_circ_0011946 could enhance cell migration and invasion of HCC by inducing the EMT process.

Published
2020

42. Three-Dimensional Ultrasonic Imaging and Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracture in Tight Sandstones

Author

H. Zhai, X. Chang, S. Wang, and W. Zhu

Subjects
Stress (mechanics), Hydraulic fracturing, Acoustic emission, Flow (psychology), Borehole, Fracture (geology), Laboratory experiment, Petrology, Geology, Ultrasonic imaging
Abstract

Summary Hydraulic fracture has been a well-known technique for unconventional oil-gas development since the last decades. And laboratory hydraulic fracture experiments have been extensively performed to study the mechanism of the hydraulic fracture. In order to improve our understanding of the hydro-fracture’s development and fluid migration during hydraulic fracturing, we performed a laboratory experiment on a tight sandstone cored from Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, Northwest China. The velocity images and acoustic emission are monitored during the experiment. By comparing them with the stress variations, strain variations and the μCT images of the fractured sample, we analyze the dynamic fracture process and the fluid migration. The experiments show us that the velocity keeps constant before hydraulic fracture initiation and fluid would flow to the fractures after rock fractured. Density maps of AE hypocentre show that the hydraulic fracture surfaces indicated by AE activity have asymmetrical wing shape, growing from the borehole bottom.

Published
2020

43. RNA sequencing identified specific circulating miRNA biomarkers for early detection of diabetes retinopathy

Author

Wen H. Yang, Li Tian, Ri H. Zhai, Jing Y. Ding, Xin Z. Yang, Yi L. Li, Wei T. Wu, Zi C. Liu, Yi X. Wang, Kai P. Gao, Ze B. Zhang, and Zhen Liang

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Circulating mirnas, Diabetes retinopathy, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Early detection, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bioinformatics, Sincalide, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, microRNA, medicine, Humans, In patient, Aged, Cell Proliferation, Diabetic Retinopathy, Sequence Analysis, RNA, business.industry, Endothelial Cells, RNA, Diabetic retinopathy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, MicroRNAs, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, ROC Curve, Case-Control Studies, Female, Endothelium, Vascular, business, Biomarkers
Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in patients with diabetes. However, biomarkers for early detection of DR are still lacking. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate multiple biological functions and are often deregulated in DR. We aimed to investigate whether circulating miRNAs can be used as biomarkers of early-stage DR. We used RNA-seq and qRT-PCR to identify differential serum miRNAs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with DR (T2DM-DR), T2DM without DR (T2DM-no-DR), and healthy controls. We validated differential circulating miRNAs in two phases using qRT-PCR assays. RNA-seq analysis identified 7 differential circulating miRNAs between T2DM-DR and T2DM-no-DR and 47 differential miRNAs between T2DM-DR and healthy subjects. Two-stage analysis verified that a profile of five serum miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-novel-chr5_15976, hsa-miR-28-3p, has-miR-151a-5p, has-miR-148a-3p) was significantly associated with T2DM-DR. Receiver-operator-characteristic analyses showed that a panel of three miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-novel-chr5_15976, and hsa-miR-28-3p) presented 0.92 sensitivity and 0.94 specificity for distinguishing T2DM-DR from T2DM-no-DR, and 0.93 sensitivity and 0.86 specificity for differentiating early-stage T2DM-DR (NPDR) from late-stage DR (PDR). Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of hsa-let-7a-5p in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) significantly promoted proliferation rates of HRMECs. In conclusion, the three-miRNA signature from serum may serve as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for DR. Furthermore, we showed that DR-associated miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR, at least in part, through modifying proliferation of HRMECs.

Published
2018

44. [Diagnosis and follow-up of chronic atrophic gastritis]

Author

J Y, Zhu, H H, Zhai, and P, Li

Subjects
Gastritis, Atrophic, Helicobacter pylori, Gastric Mucosa, Stomach Neoplasms, Humans, Follow-Up Studies, Helicobacter Infections
Abstract

慢性胃炎根据其内镜下表现及病理检查，分为萎缩性胃炎及非萎缩性胃炎，前者作为一种癌前疾病，在预防及筛查早期胃癌中都具有警示意义，应引起消化科医师的重视。笔者从诱因、诊断、高风险人群识别及随访等方面对萎缩性胃炎有关内容进行了简述。.

Published
2019

45. [Introduction of joint model and its applications in medical research]

Author

Y H, Zhai, Q, Chen, H D, Han, X X, Zhao, Y Q, Gao, X, Zhou, and J, He

Subjects
China, Biomedical Research, Models, Statistical, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Models, Theoretical, Survival Analysis, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

In medical follow-up studies, longitudinal data and survival data are often accompanied and associated with each other, thus respective analysis of longitudinal and survival data might lead to biased results. Joint model can correct deviations, improve the efficiency of parameter estimation and provide effective inferences by simultaneously processing longitudinal and survival data. It is a popular method in medical research. Joint model has made much progress, whereas the literature about the joint model and its application is limited in China. This paper summarizes the main idea, basic framework, parameter estimation methods of random effect joint model and introduces the analysis on AIDS data set based on the R software package 'JM' to clarify the advantages of the joint model in processing medical follow-up data and promote the use of the joint model in clinical research.医学随访研究中，纵向数据和生存数据往往伴随出现，并且通常相关联，对纵向数据和生存数据单独分析可能会导致有偏倚的结果。联合模型同时处理纵向数据及生存数据，能够纠正偏差，提高参数估计的效率并提供有效的推论，是目前医学研究中一个比较热门的方法。联合模型已取得较多进展，国内介绍及应用联合模型的文章较少。本文将从主要思想、基本框架、参数估计方法等方面对联合模型中的随机效应模型进行介绍，并基于R软件中程序包JM对艾滋病数据集分析，旨在阐明联合模型在处理医学随访数据中的优势，促进联合模型在临床研究中的应用。.

Published
2019

47. Polycatenate Structure and Thermal Analysis of a New 2D + 2D Cobalt(II) Coordination Polymer Based on 5-Methoxylisophthalic Acid and 3,5-Bis(imidazole-1-yl)pyridine Co-Ligands

Author

Y. F. Wang, J. J. Wei, and X. H. Zhai

Subjects
010405 organic chemistry, Coordination polymer, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Infrared spectroscopy, General Chemistry, Triclinic crystal system, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Hydrothermal circulation, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Pyridine, Imidazole, Thermal analysis, Cobalt
Abstract

A new Co(II) compound, namely [Co(CH3O-H2Ip)(Bip)] n (I) (CH3O-H2Ip = 5-methoxylisophthalic acid and Bip = 3,5-bis(imidazole-1-yl)pyridine), has been synthesized through combination of CH3O-H2Ip, Bip and Co(II) acetate under hydrothermal condition and structurally characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF file CCDC no. 977220). It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.764(6), b = 10.106(6), c = 11.673(7) A, α = 104.12970°, β = 100.601(7)°, γ = 105.324(7)°, V = 1038.6(11) A3, C20H16CoN5O5, Mr = 465.31, Z = 2, ρcalcd = 1.488 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 0.869 mm−1, F(000) = 476, the final R = 0.0652 and wR = 0.1530. The X-ray analysis demonstrates that compound I exhibits a 2D + 2D polyrotaxane (4, 4) net network. Moreover, the thermal analysis of compound I has also been investigated.

Published
2018

48. Dosimetric Study of Adaptive Proton Pencil-Beam Scanning Treatment Plans Using CBCT-Based Synthetic CTs Generated From Commercial Image Information Systems

Author

H. Zhai, P. Tsai, J. Zhang, C. Ackerman, C.C. Chen, and F. Yu

Subjects
Cancer Research, Radiation, business.industry, Dose metrics, Oncology, Adaptive planning, Medicine, Effective treatment, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, business, Pencil-beam scanning, Head and neck, Radiation treatment planning, Nuclear medicine, Proton therapy
Abstract

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Evaluate the accuracy of using CBCT-based synthetic CTs to trigger adaptive planning in pencil-beam scanning proton therapy. The CBCT-based synthetic CTs can decrease the number of necessary verification CT scans during treatment and trigger earlier adaptive planning for more effective treatment. MATERIALS/METHODS A retrospective study of 20 patients across 3 different sites: 10 head and neck, 5 breast, and 5 lung cases were studied. MIM Maestro 7.0.4 and Velocity 4.1 were used to generate synthetic CTs from CBCTs. The verification plans calculated on both the synthetic CT (synCT) and the verification CT (verCT) performed on the same day were compared in a treatment planning system. Dose metrics from each synCT plan generated are subtracted from the corresponding dose metrics from the same day verCT plan. Outliers with greater than 10% deviation on D95% were excluded from the analysis. RESULTS The CTV D95% is less than 2% different between the synCT and verCT plans, and 75% of Velocity patients and 55% of MIM patients falls within 95% confidence levels when comparing target D95%. The average difference from verCT D95 was 1.6% for Velocity and -0.88% for MIM. Serial OAR Dmax in synCT plans average deviation from verCT was less than 1Gy on average. Parallel OAR volumetric and mean dose in the synCT plans were consistent with the verCT plans with deviations on average less than 1% by volume and 0.5Gy mean. Maximum doses have significant variations ranged from -7.7Gy to +4.4Gy for the target and -11.76Gy to +9.83Gy for OARs. The D2% of treatment volume in synCT plans showed was consistent with less than 1% deviation from the verCT plans. CONCLUSION Both systems can automatically generate synthetic CTs from CBCTs. The dosimetric similarities of synCT plans compared with verCT plans were higher for treatment sites with less heterogeneities such as breast patients when compared with head and neck patients. Outliers can happen when there are significant anatomy changes which result in inaccurate synthetic CTs due to inadequate image deformation or HU corrections. Users should pay extra attention to tissue discrepancies while evaluating the images. The Dmax for critical structures can vary greatly between synCT and verCT, so a small volumetric analysis is recommended. Both systems can be used to reduce verification CT scans while a patient is on treatment and can improve the adaptive plan workflow. Synthetic CT generation can be a more effective way to discover significant dosimetric differences caused by changes in patient anatomy, and therefore a more efficient path to adaptive treatment.

Published
2021

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