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Previous studies on the relationship of bisphenol-A (BPA) with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) had conflicting results, suggesting that other factors may modulate this relationship. Thus, we investigated the modulating effect of vitamin D on the relationship of BPA with FeNO in children.This study recruited 432 children (10 to 12 years old) from the general pediatric population of Korea between June and July 2017. We conducted measurements of urinary BPA, serum vitamin D, specific serum IgE, FeNO, and data from impulse oscillometry (reactance area [AX], airway resistance at 5 Hz [Rrs5] and 20 Hz [Rrs10], and the difference of Rrs5 and Rrs20 [Rrs5-20]).Serum vitamin D (adjusted β =- 0.014, p=0.002) and urinary BPA (β = 0.006, p0.001) level was significantly associated with FeNO. Urinary BPA level was significantly associated with FeNO in children with low vitamin D levels (≤23 ng/mL; αβ = 0.006, p0.001), but not in children with high vitamin D levels (23 ng/mL). The interaction of vitamin D and BPA had a significant effect on FeNO (pint = 0.005). There was no relationship with the airway lung function (Rrs5, AX, and Rrs5-20) to serum vitamin D and urinary BPA level. Vitamin D ameliorated the BPA-mediated increase of FeNO in children.These results suggest that children with low vitamin D levels may be more susceptible to airway inflammation due to BPA.

Seongnam Atopy Preventive Project for Children's Happiness; The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease

Summary Background. B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a tumour necrosis factor superfamily member best known for its role in the survival and maturation of B cells. BAFF activity is seen in naive and effector/memory T cells. Aim. To investigate the level and role of BAFF in serum of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods. Levels of serum BAFF, a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and total serum IgE level, and total eosinophil count were measured in 245 children. Results. Patients were characterized as having atopic eczema (AE) (n = 90) or non-AE (n = 77); the remainder were healthy control subjects (n = 78). Serum BAFF level in children with AE (1625.04 ± 708.32 pg/mL) was significantly higher than in non-AE children (1194.69 ± 448.44 pg/mL, P

B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is a tumour necrosis factor superfamily member best known for its role in the survival and maturation of B cells. BAFF activity is seen in naïve and effector/memory T cells.To investigate the level and role of BAFF in serum of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).Levels of serum BAFF, a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and total serum IgE level, and total eosinophil count were measured in 245 children.Patients were characterized as having atopic eczema (AE) (n = 90) or non-AE (n = 77); the remainder were healthy control subjects (n = 78). Serum BAFF level in children with AE (1625.04 +/- 708.32 pg/mL) was significantly higher than in non-AE children (1194.69 +/- 448.44 pg/mL, P0.0001) or healthy controls (1062.89 +/- 444.74 pg/mL, P0.0001). Serum APRIL level was not different between the three groups. Serum BAFF level significantly correlated with total serum IgE level (gamma = 0.42, P0.0001) and total eosinophil count. It was also positively correlated with serum BAFF and egg-specific IgE level (gamma = 0.252, P = 0.045) in AE.Serum BAFF level is high in AE and might be a useful marker for AE.

The aim of the present study was to determine the changes in cardiac makers and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in marathoners with exercise induced hypertension compared to normotensive controls before and after running a marathon. Among a total of 70 volunteers, 10 marathoners with systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than 210 mmHg during a treadmill exercise stress test were selected as an exercise-induced hypertension group (EIH) and 10 marathoners with normal SBP were selected as a control group (CON). Blood was collected from all volunteers 2 h before and immediately after a marathon: creatinine kinase (CK), CK-MB, cardiac tropoin-I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and endothelin-1(ET-1). Cardiac markers, CK, CK-MB, and CK-MB/CK ratio significantly increased in both EIH and CON; significance was not observed between the groups. Significant increases were not observed in high sensitive-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) after the race nor between the groups. Significant increases in cTnI and NT-proBNP were observed after the race in both groups. In addition, EIH showed greater increase than CON after the race. In conclusion, increased vascular tone in EIH during a marathon increased blood pressure and myocardial burden which in turn increased myocardial cell membrane permeability to further increase myocardial tension to the point of cTnI release.