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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute, contagious viral disease in cattle that is associated with enormous economic losses in Turkey and worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in serum malondialdehyde (MDA), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and deoxyguanosine (dG) and to perform histopathological examinations in calves with FMD. Thirty calves were studied, 20 of which were infected with FMD and 10 were free of the disease. Following a routine clinical examination, blood samples were obtained, and serum MDA, CoQ10, 8-OHdG and dG levels were determined. Necropsy and histopathological examinations were performed on dead calves with FMD. MDA and 8-OHdG/106dG levels were significantly higher in calves with FMD than in the control group. However, the increase in CoQ10 levels in calves with FMD, compared with the control group, was not statistically significant. Macroscopic examination of the heart tissue of calves with acute myocarditis revealed the presence of pale, yellowish gray-white necrotic muscle fibers in the ventricular wall of the heart. The muscle fibers in the myocardium were swollen and exhibited pyknotic nuclei and intense lymphocytic cell infiltration. In longitudinal sections, the muscle fibers were non-striated, swollen, and homogenously pink and contained pink nuclei. Between muscle fibers, intense mononuclear cell infiltration was observed. The findings of the present study indicate that oxidative stress is significantly increased in calves with FMD, and that oxidative DNA damage may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of FMD. This is the first study to report CoQ10 and 8-OHdG levels in calves with FMD, and its findings may serve as the basis for future studies on this subject.

Specific reference intervals are needed for each animal species for the appropriate interpretation of the results ob- tained from serum biochemicaltests.Theaim ofthisstudy was to investigate the blood composition of pure-bred Arabian mares to evaluate the need for defining reference values for different age groups. In all, 90 clinically healthy mares fromfive farms were used in the trial. For the deter- minationoftheeffectofage,90mareswereassignedtosix groups. Groups A, B, C, D, E, and F comprised 15 foals aged � 5 months (meanSD: 2.45 � 1.88), 15 foals aged6to18months(meanSD:9.33 � 2.93),15mares aged2 to5 years (meanSD:3.91 � 0.7),15mares aged 6to12years(meanSD: 8.66 � 2.3), 15 mares aged 14 to 20 years (meanSD: 17.81 � 2.13), and 15 mares aged >20 years (meanSD: 22.8 � 1.93), respectively. Glucose,bloodureanitrogen(BUN),albumin,creatinine, totalbilirubin,directbilirubin,totalprotein,alkalinephos- phatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus concentra- tions were measured in the blood serum samples. There weresignificantage-relatedalterationsformostofthebio- chemicalparameters, except forALT,LDHactivities, and glucose, albumin, magnesium, and iron levels. The results ofthepresentstudyshowedthatdirectbilirubin(P

The study compared the influence of Tarantula cubensis extract 1:100/D2 (Theranekron (R), Richter Pharma, Austria) and classic treatment (daily injection of fluniksin meglumin., oxytetracycline, washing the mucosa and feet lesions with 10% sodium bicarbonate and antibiotic spray for 3 consecutive days) for the oral, hoof and mammary lesions treatment in foot and mouth disease in cattle. Ninety mixed breed cattle with foot and mouth diseases were used. Clinical symptoms included fever inappetance oral, hoof and mammary lesions. The cattle were divided into three groups. The first group, the second and the third were treated with classic, theranekron and theranekron plus classic treatments respectively. About 48 h after theranekron and theranekron plus classical application, recovery occurred and body temperature, appetence returned to normal more rapidly than that of the group on which only classical treatment methods were used.

Bu calismada Diyarbakir yoresinde saglikli gorunumlu sigirlarda theileriosis’e neden olan etkenlerden Theileria annulata ve T. buffeli’nin varliginin es zamanli olarak multiplex PCR yontemi ile tespit edilmesi amaclanmistir. Bu amacla Diyarbakir yoresinde toplam 100 sigirdan EDTA’li tuplere tam kan alinmistir. Ayni zamanda bu sigirlarin kene kontrolleri yapilarak perifer kan frotileri hazirlanmis ve mikroskobik olarak incelenmistir. Multiplex PCR metodu ile 23 sigirda T. annulata ve 1 sigirda T. annulata + T. buffeli saptanmistir. Mikroskobik incelemede ise 5 sigirda Theileria spp. piroplasmalarina rastlanmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore Diyarbakir bolgesinde T. annulata’nin yaygin oldugu gorulmustur.

The present study describes the detection of sheeppox virus antigen in various lamb tissues, using an immunohistochemical technique, in sheeppox cases which occurred naturally. Sheeppox viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of sheeppox cells and degenerated epithelial cells of the skin, lungs and digestive tract involving typical sheeppox lesions. Nuclear staining was also observed in some typically deformed nuclei of sheeppox cells. The immunostaining of sheeppox virus showed a correlation with the presence of sheeppox cells and degenerated epithelial cells resembling them. Additionally, in order to confirm the presence of sheeppox virus in the skin and lung samples, direct electron microscopy was performed and sheeppox virus was only demonstrated in two skin samples.

The aim of the present study was to detect causes of abortion in sheep and early neonatal death of lambs and treatment trial. Diagnososis of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was made on the basis of bacteriological from the stomach contents, lung, liver, and peritoneal fluid and pathological findings. Additionally, in order to confirm the presence of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis nested PCR was performed. In treatment trials Amoxycillin were given1ml/10kg BW. This is the first case report of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis causing abortion in sheep in Turkey. As a result of this study it is suggested that Yersinia pseudotuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of causes of ovine abortion and early neonatal death of lambs in this country.