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Silver nanoflowers (Ag1 and Ag2 NFws) were prepared using combined solid state–polyol reduction methods. The nanoflowers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy. A new mechanism of Ag NFw formation, based on microstructural investigation, is described. According to this mechanism, Ag1 NFws have a lower free surface energy and are more flexible than Ag2 NFws. Both Ag1 and Ag2 NFws were radiolabeled by adsorption of iodine-125 with the maximum radiochemical yield of 95.6 ± 0.5 and 58.4 ± 0.3%, respectively. The stability and biodistribution of 125I-Ag1 NFws were studied. Ag1 NFws were shown to be localized in the septic inflamed muscle to a greater extent than in a normal muscle. Ag1 NFws show promise as a theranostic agent.

Rhenium-188 is prospectively effective for both diagnosis and radiotherapy as it appropriately emits gamma rays and beta particles. Lacosamide (LCM) is a newly approved antiepileptic medication for focal drug-resistant epilepsy. Rhenium-188 was separated with high elution yield and high purity using the new 188W/188Re generator based on the ZrSiW gel matrix. 188Re-LCM was prepared with high radiochemical yield and high purity. Biodistribution of 188Re-LCM in normal Swiss albino mice was investigated to determine its utility as a potential brain therapy agent. The 188W/188Re generator was used to obtain 188Re based on the ZrSi188W gel matrix, and the chemical, radiochemical, and radionuclidic purity of the obtained 188Re was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), a paper chromatography technique, and high-purity germanium (HPGe) detection, respectively, to assess its validity for LCM labeling. Various factors, such as the pH, reaction time, and LCM quantity, were therefore studied in order to improve the yield and purity of 188Re-LCM, as determined by various chromatographic techniques such as electrophoresis, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). 188Re was obtained with a high elution yield (75 ± 3%) and a low 188W breakthrough (0.001 ± 0.0001%). The maximum radiochemical yield of 188Re-LCM (87.5 ± 1.8%) was obtained using 50 μl LCM (4 mM), 250 μl stannous chloride (4.4 mM) at pH 4, 100 μl 188Re (37 MBq), within 30 min, at room temperature (25 ± 3 °C), as determined by TLC, electrophoresis, and HPLC techniques. Biodistribution analysis showed that 188Re-LCM was primarily localized in the brain (5.1%) with a long residence time (240 min).

Trazodone was labeled with 99mTc by indirect method. More than 97% radiochemical yield was reached under the following optimized conditions: 100 µg of Trazodone, pH 7, 10 mg of glucoheptonate, 35 µg of stannous chloride, 185 MBq of 99mTc eluate, 20 min, room temperature. The in vitro stability and also the retention of the complex in the brain tissue allow the use of this complex as a potential brain imaging agent.

A method for preparing 99mTc-Dacarbazine, a potential cancer diagnostic agent, was developed. The method is based on direct labeling of Dacarbazine with 99mTc in the presence of stannous chloride as reducing agent. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain the radiochemical yield of 99mTc-Dacarbazine higher than 90%. The biodistribution of 99mTc-Dacarbazine in normal and tumor-bearing Albino Swiss mice was studied. 99mTc-Dacarbazine has a high tumor affinity and shows promise for cancer imaging. Quantitative relationship between the optimized structures and computed molecular properties related to Dacarbazine binding sites was analyzed using molecular modeling.