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In the title compound, C18H15ClN2O·H2O, a benzohydrazide derivative, the dihedral angle between the mean plane of the dihydronaphthalene ring system and the phenyl ring is 17.1 (2)°. In the crystal, O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds link the benzohydrazide and water molecules, forming a layer parallel to the bc plane. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H...H (45.7%) and H...C/C...H (20.2%) contacts.

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men in their late '50s. PCa growth is mainly due to the activation of the androgen receptor by androgens. The treatment for PCa may involve surgery, hormonal therapy, and oral chemotherapeutic drugs. A structural based molecular docking approach revealed the findings of (E)-N'-((1-chloro-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide derivatives, where the possible binding modes of the compounds with protein (PDB ID: 3V49) are shown. The compounds (6a-k) were synthesized and characterized by using conventional methods. The compounds, 6g, 6j, and 6k were reconfirmed through single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). Further, the compounds (6a-k) and standard drug were evaluated against human prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3 and the non-cancerous cell line, 3T3. Among these compounds, 6g and 6j showed higher cytotoxicity, and 6g exhibited dose-dependent activity and reduced cell viability. The mechanism of action was observed through the induced apoptosis and was further confirmed by western blot and ELISA. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were carried out to calculate the interaction and the stability of the protein-ligand complex in motion. ADME properties were predicted for all the tested compounds. These findings may give vital information for further development.

Diabetes type 3C is referred to as pancreatogenic diabetes also, which is occurring due to pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and also pancreatic disease. In this condition, there is an inconsistent blow from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia, which occurs due to metabolic abnormalities due to tissue damage in the pancreas. Henceforth, the diagnosis and management of this rare condition is a challenging task for healthcare providers. A group from Germany named Ewald and colleagues has observed that among diabetes patients, 8% of patients suffer from T3cDM having chronic pancreatitis, and the occurrence range varies from 5-8%. Type 3cDM incidence is more in patients with surgical resection, especially in the distal pancreas, the presence of pancreatic calcifications and they are on the verge of developing DM in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatogenous DM is defined as the development of diabetes mellitus in patients due to exocrine pancreas disease, according to recent literature it’s been referred to as type c diabetes. Due to heterogeneity, DM is presently comprised of four types. (1 to 4), depending upon the consumption of tobacco, and often it’s linked with alcohol-abusing which is considered to be a predisposition factor in the disorders related to the pancreas. Diabetes type 3C is referred to as pancreatogenic diabetes also, which is occurring due to pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and also pancreatic disease. In this condition, there is an inconsistent blow from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia, which occurs due to metabolic abnormalities due to tissue damage in the pancreas. Henceforth, the diagnosis and management of this rare condition is a challenging task for healthcare providers.Diabetes type 3C is referred to as pancreatogenic diabetes also, which is occurring due to pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and also pancreatic disease. In this condition, there is an inconsistent blow from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia, which occurs due to metabolic abnormalities due to tissue damage in the pancreas. Henceforth, the diagnosis and management of this rare condition is a challenging task for healthcare providers. A group from Germany named Ewald and colleagues has observed that among diabetes patients, 8% of patients suffer from T3cDM having chronic pancreatitis, and the occurrence range varies from 5-8%. Type 3cDM incidence is more in patients with surgical resection, especially in the distal pancreas, the presence of pancreatic calcifications and they are on the verge of developing DM in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatogenous DM is defined as the development of diabetes mellitus in patients due to exocrine pancreas disease, according to recent literature it’s been referred to as type c diabetes. Due to heterogeneity, DM is presently comprised of four types. (1 to 4), depending upon the consumption of tobacco, and often it’s linked with alcohol-abusing which is considered to be a predisposition factor in the disorders related to the pancreas. Diabetes type 3C is referred to as pancreatogenic diabetes also, which is occurring due to pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, and also pancreatic disease. In this condition, there is an inconsistent blow from hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia, which occurs due to metabolic abnormalities due to tissue damage in the pancreas. Henceforth, the diagnosis and management of this rare condition is a challenging task for healthcare providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to accent Type-1 DM along with its etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment in this review. Diabetes is considered the chronic ailment of hypoglycemia ensuing from the duo of the dearth of insulin action and secretion of insulin considered as both. Moreover, Type-1 is a result of autoimmune of the cells of islets of the pancreas. The confrontation to the insulin or secretion of insulin lacking due to changes in living standards, habit change, dearth of exercise along with aging also, but one of the most relevant and prevalent reasons is a lifestyle change and also change in food habits along with the stress of the day-to-day life. Stem cell therapy is an expensive treatment and obtaining stem cells also is difficult due to ethical issues and availability is also less. Presently accessible ailment for type-1 is insulin supply therapy but it is also associated with many hitches. Advanced replacements like islets have demonstrated fruitful results in reinstating glucose levels. Moreover, in severe type 1-DMM and it has been delimited due to its high cost, not economic process, shortfall of donors, etc. Replacement of beta-like cells that are obtained from differentiation of human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hPSCs) also exhibited results with flying colors and gained the spotlight, but in stem cell therapy getting beta cells along with complete insulin secretion is decisive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stroke involves an acute insult to the brain and is a major disabling disease. Globally, stroke is the second leading cause of death. Stroke has become an important cause of premature mortality and morbidity in low-income and middle-income countries like India, which are largely driven by demographic changes and enhanced by the increasing prevalence of the key modifiable risk factors. Material and Methods: It was a prospective observational study, was carried out on patients in the Emergency Medicine department at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical college, Hospital & Research Centre, Pimpri, Pune. CVA cases confirmed on CT/MRI brain and admitted in emergency medicine within 48 hours of onset of stroke fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled as study subjects. Detailed history, clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigation were carried out as per the proforma. Results and conclusion: Maximum 65.8% had no facial deviation while 20% had right and 14.3% had left facial deviation. More than two third (77.1%) had one side body weakness and 17.1% had no weakness of either side. Maximum (41.4%) had right sided weakness, 34.3% had left side weakness and 22.9% had no upper limb weakness. Maximum (38.6%) had right sided weakness, 34.3% had left side weakness and 25.7% had no lower limb weakness. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score -Most of the subjects (94.3%) had score >8 and very few 5.7% had score =8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Betaine is a trimethylglycine, serves as osmoregulator to prevent dehydration and plasmolysis under adverse hyperosmotic environments. Choline oxidase gene from Arthrobacter sp. catalyzes two step oxidation reaction of choline to betaine followed by betaine accumulation in cells which in turn help them to survive and thrive in harsh environmental condition. To identify potential choline oxidase gene source, a gram stain positive, rod shaped, catalase and oxidase positive, motile, aerobic bacterial strains designated as HYJE003 and HYJE005 was isolated based on the colony morphology, biochemical and molecular characterization from the industrially polluted soil samples of Hyderabad, India. Optimum growth of the isolated strains was observed at 32°C on nutrient agar media and was found that both the strains were capable of utilizing variety of sugars as carbon source. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain HYJE003 was closely related to Arthrobacter globiformis with pairwise sequence similarities of 99.85%, 99.63%, 98.76% and 98.12% respectively. The strain HYJE005 was closely related to Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans with pairwise sequence similarities of 99.93%, 99.47%, 99.25% and 98.11% respectively. Choline oxidase gene potential of the isolates was studied by feeding the cultures with choline chloride and converted betaine was assessed by the formation of betaine reineckate. Findings revealed that the isolated strain Arthrobacter globiformis-HYJE003 has four times higher conversion rate of choline chloride to betaine than the strain Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans HYJE005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the in vitro and in silico inhibitory properties of fucoidan extracted from Turbinaria conoides against α-amylase and α-D-glucosidase. Extracted fucoidan contained 59 and 35% of fucose and sulphate and was characterized using 1 H NMR. Dose dependent inhibition assays showed maximum of 85 and 72% of inhibition for α-amylase and α-D-glucosidase at 2.07 and 1.03 μM concentration of fucoidan. The IC 50 value of fucoidan was found to be 1.07 and 0.68 μM against α-amylase and α-D-glucosidase. In silico studies (grid based docking) by Schrödinger software revealed that fucoidan as a potent inhibitor for both α-amylase and α-D-glucosidase based on number of interactions, hydrogen bond length and binding energy. Furthermore, fucoidan fulfilled the pharmacokinetic properties thus promising to develop fucoidan as drug for type 2 DM., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)