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The development of innovative/sustainable materials capable of enlarging the shelf-life of food products has lately been a focus of research, aiming to reduce food waste. Due to their good antimicrobial properties, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can add activity to food packaging, improving its performance. Furthermore, these nanoparticles are considered GRAS by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which represents an advantage in their application. Through an innovative and sustainable approach using tomato and passionfruit extracts, ZnO NPs were produced and incorporated into pectin films. The resulting bionanocomposites were tested for their activity via in situ studies, using fresh poultry meat as a food matrix. Overall, the bionanocomposites presented good antimicrobial activity, with the intrinsic antimicrobial properties of pectin having shown to be enhanced by the incorporated ZnO NPs. When used as primary packaging for the meat, the deterioration rate of the poultry meat, measured through microbiological growth and total volatile basic nitrogen content, was reduced. However, the nanoparticles contributed to the increment of discoloration and meat oxidation processes. Nonetheless, it can be concluded that fresh poultry meat protected with the bionanocomposites presented an extension of its shelf-life time, and it was confirmed that this eco-friendly packaging has potential to be employed by the food industry.

Low-density polyethylene-based packaging with 4% lemon extract (LDPE/4LE) and two polylactic-based (PLA) packaging materials with 4% and 6% lemon extract (PLA/PEG/4LE and PLA/6LE) were produced. O2 and water permeability tests were performed, the total and individual phenolic compounds content were measured, and the films’ antioxidant activities were determined. The films’ ability to delay lipid oxidation was tested in two model foods: almonds, packaged with LDPE/4LE, PLA/4LE and PLA/6LE for a maximum period of 60 days at 40 °C (accelerated assay); and beef meat, packaged with the PLA/6LE for a maximum period of 11 days at 4 °C. The LE improved the WVP in all of the active films by 33%, 20% and 60% for the LDPE/4LE, PLA/4LE and PLA/6LE films, respectively. At the end of 10 days, the migration of phenolic compounds through the PLA films was measured to be 142.27 and 114.9 μg/dm2 for the PLA/4LE and PLA/6LE films, respectively, and was significantly higher than phenolic compounds migration measured for the LDPE/4LE (15.97 μg/dm2). Naringenin, apigenin, ferulic acid, eriocitrin, hesperidin and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were the main identified compounds in the PLA, but only 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, naringenin and p-coumaric acid were identified in the LDPE films. Regarding the films’ ability to delay lipid oxidation, LDPE/4LE presented the best results, showing a capacity to delay lipid oxidation in almonds for 30 days. When applied to raw beef meat, the PLA/6LE packaging was able to significantly inhibit lipid oxidation for 6 days, and successfully inhibited total microorganisms’ growth until the 8th day of storage.

Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Backgroud Ventricular septal defect (VSD), is a rare but fatal complication of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with high early mortality. Temporary mechanical circulatory support (t-MCS) of any type can be used to stabilize the patient as a bridge to surgical or percutaneous closure, or to heart transplantation or long-term ventricular assist device, but with a low level of evidence. The Impella® device is a trans-valvular aortic axial pump inserted surgically or percutaneously which pumps blood directly from the left ventricle into above the aortic valve. Its hemodynamic effects seem interesting, explaining its use by certain expert centers in this context, but the data in this indication are rare in the literature. Method It was an European retrospective multicentre registry of patients hospitalized for ischemic VSD managed with an Impella® (2.5, CP or 5.0) over the past 10 years (2010 to 2021). The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. The secondary endpoints were the monitoring of clinical, hemodynamic and biological data at 24 hours, the medications and organ supports used during hospitalization, intra-hospital complications and mortality at 6 months and 1 year. Results On 20 centers contacted, 17 responded (85%). A total of 28 patients managed with an Impella® device for an ischemic VSD in 7 European center were included (41% of respondents). All patients included were in cardiogenic shock (100%, n=28) with multiple organ failure (SAPSII 41 [IQR 53-27], Euroscore 57 [IQR 75-23] and arterial lactate 6 +/-5 mmol). The majority of patients required inotropic and vasopressor support (dobutamine 55% and norepinephrine 96%). In-hospital and 1-year mortalities were 75%. Surgical closure of the VSD was performed in 36% of patients, percutaneous closure in 21% and medical treatment alone for 43, with in-hospital mortality of 30, 92 and 100% respectively. Hospital mortality also seemed to be associated with the type of t-MCS used (71% for Impella alone, 67% for Impella® with IABP combination and 78% for Impella® with ECLS combination). Survivors were more likely to have benefited from CABG revascularization (p < 0.011). Conclusion Despite the potential hemodynamic advantages, the use of Impella® in patients with ischemic VSD is associated with high mortality which may be partly related to its exclusive use in the most severe cardiogenic shock patients, to associated therapies in particular the type of closure of the VSD, or the complications of the device itself.

This paper presents a Post-Keynesian interpretation of the usual three-equation model of New Consensus macroeconomics. The IS curve, Phillips curve, and monetary rule are obtained from stylized facts instead of intertemporal optimization, while price inertia and the government's inflation target drive expected inflation. The result is a model with no unique natural rate of interest. The central bank can still stabilize the economy through trial and error, with demand and supply shocks altering the system's equilibrium and the possibility of secular stagnation.

RESUMO O artigo apresenta a decomposição dos juros líquidos pagos pelo governo brasileiro em 2002-2021, dividindo a despesa em quatro partes: juro real, correção monetária, custo de carregamento de ativos e resultado dos swaps cambiais. A análise também detalha o custo de carregamento em termos dos principais ativos de renda fixa do governo brasileiro (reservas internacionais e empréstimos ao BNDES), demonstrando que o ajuste financeiro de 2016-2021 reduziu o resultado primário de equilíbrio em cerca de 2,5% do PIB. ABSTRACT The paper presents a decomposition of the net interest paid by the Brazilian government, in 2002-2021, dividing the expenditure in four parts: the real-interest-rate cost, the inflation cost, the carry cost of fixed-income assets and exchange-rate swaps. The analysis also details the carry cost in terms of the government’s main financial assets: (international reserves and loans to the BNDES), showing that the financial adjustment of 2016-2021 reduced the equilibrium primary balance in around 2.5% of GDP.

Post-traumatic rotational instability at the atlanto-axial (C1-2) joint is difficult to assess, much less quantify, due to the orientation and motion plane of the joint. Prior investigations have demonstrated that a dynamic axial CT scan, during which the patient maximally rotates the head right and left, can be used to evaluate and quantify the amount of residual overlap between the inferior articulating facet of C1 and the superior facet of C2, as an index of ligamentous laxity at the joint. We have previously demonstrated that a novel orthopedic test of rotational instability, the atlas-axis rotational test (A-ART), may have utility in identifying patients with imaging evidence of upper cervical ligament injury. In the present investigation, we assessed the correlation between a positive A-ART and a CT scan assessment of the relative quantity of residual C1-2 overlap, as a percent of the superior articulating facet surface area of C2. A retrospective review was conducted of the records of consecutive patients presenting to a physical therapy and rehabilitation clinic, over a 5-year period (2015–20) for chronic head and neck pain after whiplash trauma. The primary inclusion criteria were that the patient had undergone both a clinical evaluation with A-ART and a dynamic axial CT to evaluate for C1-2 residual facet overlap at maximum rotation. The records for a total of 57 patients (44 female/13 male) were identified who fit the selection criteria, and among these, there were 43 with a positive A-ART (i.e., “cases”) and 14 with a negative A-ART (i.e., “controls). The analysis demonstrated that a positive A-ART was highly predictive of decreased residual C1-2 facet overlap: the average overlap area among the cases was approximately one-third that of the control group (on the left, 10.7% versus 29.1%, and 13.6% versus 31.0% on the right). These results suggest that a positive A-ART is a reliable indicator of underlying rotational instability at C1-2 in patients with chronic head and neck symptoms following whiplash trauma.

In this work, the pressure- and temperature-dependent reaction rate constants for the hydrogen abstraction and addition of hydroxyl radicals to the unsaturated cyclopentene were studied. Geometries and vibrational frequencies of reactants, products, and transition states were calculated using density functional theory, with single-point energy corrections determined at the domain-based local pair natural orbital-coupled-cluster single double triple/cc-pVTZ-F12 level. The high-pressure limit rate constants were calculated using the canonical variational transition state theory with the small-curvature tunneling approximation. The vibrational partition functions were corrected by the effects of torsional and ring-puckering anharmonicities of the transition states and cyclopentene, respectively. Variational effects are shown to be relevant for all the hydrogen abstraction reactions. The increasing of the rate constants by tunneling is significant at temperatures below 500 K. The pressure dependence on the rate constants of the addition of [Formula: see text] to cyclopentene was calculated using the system-specific quantum Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel model. The high-pressure limit rate constants decrease with increasing temperature in the range 250–1000 K. The falloff behavior was studied at several temperatures with pressures varying between 10−3 and 103 bar. At temperatures below 500 K, the effect of the pressure on the addition rate constant is very modest. However, at temperatures around and above 1000 K, taking pressure into account is mandatory for an accurate rate constant calculation. Branching ratio analyses reveal that the addition reaction dominates at temperatures below 500 K, decreasing rapidly at higher temperatures. Arrhenius parameters are provided for all reactions and pressure dependent Arrhenius parameters are given for the addition of [Formula: see text] to cyclopentene.

En este trabajo se presenta una investigación en enseñanza de la física general en la que la ecuación hidrodinámica de Bernoulli es instruida en tres cursos de estudiantes de ingeniería con un método activo que incorpora el uso de experimentos discrepantes. Para determinar el aprendizaje de tal ecuación se usa el pre/postest con un cuestionario sobre la ecuación previamente validado en el marco de la teoría clásica del test. El aprendizaje de la ecuación se analiza con la ganancia de Hake indicando la efectividad del método. Para revelar el cambio conceptual en la población intervenida y de control se usan los vectores de evolución de Bao. Se ha encontrado que el método activo presenta mayores ganancias que el método tradicional en más del doble del valor. Además, los vectores de Bao revelan que el grupo con método activo tuvo una mejor evolución conceptual que el grupo control. This paper presents an investigation in general physics teaching in which the Bernoulli hydrodynamic equation is taught in three courses of engineering students with an active method that incorporates the use of discrepant experiments. To determine the learning of such an equation, we used the pre/post-test with a test on the equation previously validated in the framework of the classical theory of the test. We analyzed the learning of the equation with the Hake gain indicating the modification of the method. Bao's evolution vectors are used to reveal the conceptual change in the operated and control population. The active method has been found to have higher returns than the traditional method at more than double the value. Furthermore, the Bao vectors reveal the group with active method had a better conceptual evolution than the control group.

This paper presents a partial equilibrium model that integrates interest rate arbitrage with the balance-of-payments constraint to determine the real exchange rate. The sequential logic is the following: (i) carry-trade determines the term premium, with the spot rate showing greater volatility than the forward rate, (ii) uncovered interest rate parity determines the spot rate based on the real exchange rate consistent with a financial constraint, defined as a stable ratio of foreign reserves to foreign debt; and (iii) the trade balance consistent with the financial constraint determines the long-run real exchange rate for a given ratio of domestic to foreign income.

This article belongs to the Section Material Sciences. Submitted by Susana Bento (susana.bento@insa.min-saude.pt) on 2021-04-13T16:35:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Active Edible Packaging.pdf: 308669 bytes, checksum: b7d653f5318159aaa296d593d2adbcb6 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Isabel Castanheira (isabel.castanheira@insa.min-saude.pt) on 2021-04-13T17:10:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Active Edible Packaging.pdf: 308669 bytes, checksum: b7d653f5318159aaa296d593d2adbcb6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-27T16:36:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Active Edible Packaging.pdf: 308669 bytes, checksum: b7d653f5318159aaa296d593d2adbcb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-04-13 This work was supported by UIDB/04077/2020 and UIDB/00211/2020 with funding from FCT/MCTES. This research was also supported by the PANACEA project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under Grant Agreement 773501. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Recognizing that inflation of the value of output and its costs of production must be equal, we focus on a cost-based macroeconomic structuralist approach in contrast to micro-oriented monetarist analysis. For decades the import and profit shares of cost have risen, while the wage share has declined to around 50% with money wage increases lagging the sum of growth rates of prices and productivity. Conflicting claims to income are the underlying source of inflationary pressure. Inflation affects income (labor’s spending power) and wealth. Monetarist theory around 1900 concentrated on the latter (Bryan and the “Cross of Gold)” leading to the standard Laffer curve. It was replaced by the Friedman-Phelps model which has incorrect dynamics (labor payments do not fall during an expansion – they go up). Samuelson and Solow introduced a version of the Phillips curve that violates macroeconomic accounting. Rational expectations replaced Friedman but was immediately falsified by output drops after the Volcker shock treatment around 1980. There followed a complicated transition from rational expectations to inflation targeting, anchored by economists’ misunderstanding of the physical meaning of ergodicity and ontological blindness. It did not help that the real balance effect is irrelevant because money makes up a small part of wealth. Rather than issuing veiled threats of disaster if its policy advice is not followed, the Fed now announces inflation targets which it cannot meet. Contemporary structuralist theory suggests that conflicting income claims set the inflation rate. Firms can mark up costs but workers have latent bargaining power over the labor share that they can exercise. Import costs and policy repercussions complicate the picture, but a simple vector error correction model and visual analysis suggest that money wages would have to grow one percentage point faster than prices plus productivity for several years if the Fed is to meet a three percent inflation target. The results pose a Biden policy trilemma: (i) the only path toward a more egalitarian size distribution of income is through a rising labor share (money wage growth exceeds price plus productivity growth), (ii) which would provoke faster inflation with feedback to rising interest rates, and (iii) the resulting asset price deflation likely facing political resistance from Wall Street and affluent households.

espanolSe trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, parte del proyecto de extension con interfaz en la investigacion titulada “AUTO-CUIDADO: Acciones interprofesionales para la promocion de la salud en comunidades tradicionales”. Nuestro objetivo es presentar los resultados obtenidos con el desarrollo de la primera etapa de ese proyecto. Se llevo a cabo de julio a diciembre de 2020 en los distritos de Nossa Senhora da Guia y Aguacu en el Estado de Mato Grosso, por academicos y voluntarios de PET Saude Interprofessionality. Participaron seis profesionales de la salud, con los que se realizaron tres entrevistas focalizadas a traves de Google Meet. El proyecto develo una brecha en los cursos de salud y la urgente necesidad de una forma especifica de medicina, enfermeria y odontologia, para repensar sus planes de estudio con el fin de formar futuros profesionales con dominio cognitivo y tecnico inherente a las practicas de autocuidado cultural en comunidades tradicionales de manera peculiar, en cuanto al uso de plantas medicinales. EnglishIt is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, part of the extension project with an interface in the research entitled “SELF-CARE: Interprofessional actions to promote health in traditional communities”. It aims to present the results obtained with the development of the first stage of that project. It was carried out from July to December 2020, by scholarship students and volunteers from PET Health Interprofessional, in the districts of Nossa Senhora da Guia and Aguacu, located in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Six health professionals participated in three focused interviews conducted through Google Meet. The project unveiled a gap in health courses and the urgent need for Medicine, Nursing and Dentistry courses to rethink their curriculum in order to provide students cognitive and technical knowledge related to self-care cultural practices of traditional communities regarding the use of medicinal plants. portuguesTrata-se de um estudo exploratorio, descritivo e com abordagem qualitativa, recorte do projeto de extensao, com interface na pesquisa, intitulado “AUTOCUIDADO: Acoes interprofissionais para promocao da saude em comunidades tradicionais”. Tem-se por objetivo apresentar os resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento da primeira etapa do referido projeto. O mesmo foi executado no periodo de julho a dezembro de 2020, nos distritos de Nossa Senhora da Guia e do Aguacu, no Estado de Mato Grosso, por bolsistas e voluntarios do PET Saude Interprofissionalidade. Participaram seis profissionais de saude, com os quais foram realizadas tres entrevistas focalizadas por meio do Google Meet. O projeto desvelou uma lacuna existente nos cursos da area de saude e a urgente necessidade, de modo especifico, da medicina, enfermagem e odontologia repensarem seus curriculos visando a formacao dos futuros profissionais com dominio cognitivo e tecnico inerentes as praticas culturais de autocuidado a saude em comunidades tradicionais, de forma peculiar, com o uso de plantas medicinais.

Since the epoch of cosmic star formation peak at $z \sim 2$, most of it is obscured in high mass galaxies, while in low mass galaxies the radiation escapes unobstructed. During the reionization epoch, the presence of evolved, dust obscured galaxies are a challenge to galaxy formation and evolution models. By means of a chemodynamical evolution model, we investigate the star formation and dust production required to build up the bulk of dust in galaxies with initial baryonic mass ranging from $7.5 \times 10^{7}$~M$_\odot$ to $2.0 \times 10^{12}$~M$_\odot$. The star formation efficiency was also chosen to represent the star formation rate from irregular dwarf to giant elliptical galaxies. We adopted a dust coagulation efficiency from \citep[][Case A]{dwek1998evolution} as well as a lower efficiency one (Case B), about five times smaller than Case A. All possible combination of these parameters was computed, summing forty different scenarios. We find that in high stellar formation systems the dust accretion in ISM rules over stellar production before the star formation peak, making these systems almost insensible to dust coagulation efficiency. In low star formation systems, the difference between Case A and B lasts longer, mainly in small galaxies. Thus, small irregular galaxies should be the best place to discriminate different dust sources. In our observational sample, taken from the literature, dust-to-gas ratio tends to be more spread only than dust mass, for both stellar mass and star formation rate. Dust-to-gas vs. dust-to-star diagram is a good tracer for both galaxy and dust evolution, due to the link between gas, star, dust and star formation rate. However, the model do not constrain simultaneously all this quantities. The new generation facilities (such as JWST, ELT, VLT and SPICA) will be indispensable to constrain dust formation across the cosmic time., Comment: 21 pages, 15 figures

The aim of this work is to develop a geospatial methodology for the analysis of the time evolution of The Turrialba volcano using different automatic imaging techniques compared to expert-based remote sensing techniques. Change detection of hydrothermal alteration materials in relation with time series from multisensor data acquired in spectral ranges of the visible (VIS) and short wave infrared (SWIR) have been calculated. We used for this purpose multispectral and hyperspectral scenes of the Sentinel 2, ALI and Hyperion sensors, respectively, on four dates from 2013 and 2018. This work adopts a multi-source approach, applied to the analysis of the correlations between hydrothermal materials and spectral anomalies in The Turrialba volcano complex, located in The Central Volcanic Range (Costa Rica).An expert-based technique called Crosta’s technique for detecting hydrothermal materials have been applied. We have chosen four variables for generating a different Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for groups of channels, two highly reflective and two highly absorptive for each mineral. We have tested another technique to detect hydrothermal materials based on a discrete spectral profile analysis and an unsupervised data mining approach. In other sense, we have applied an automatic technique called anomaly detection to compare with the hydrothermal materials results. Results are presented as an approach based on a comparison of two different strategies whose main future interest lies in the automated identification of patterns of hydrothermally altered materials without prior knowledge or poor information about the area, which has relevant implications in image-based prospecting.

This work was carried out in the frame of the VIPACFood project (grant agreement no. 618127). This project was funded by ARIMNet2 (Coordination of Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean; 2014–2017), an ERA-NET Action financed by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme. In Spain this action was co-funded by the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (MINECO-INIA) ref. APCIN2016-00061-00-00.L. Barbosa-Pereira is grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for her “Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación” Grant (Agreement No. IJCI-2017-31665). Technical support of Mrs A. Aldi for film characterization is also kindly acknowledged. Funding Information: This work was carried out in the frame of the VIPACFood project (grant agreement no. 618127). This project was funded by ARIMNet2 (Coordination of Agricultural Research in the Mediterranean; 2014–2017), an ERA-NET Action financed by the European Union under the 7th Framework Programme. In Spain this action was co-funded by the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (MINECO-INIA) ref. APCIN2016-00061-00-00 . Funding Information: L. Barbosa-Pereira is grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for her “Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación” Grant (Agreement No. IJCI-2017-31665 ). Technical support of Mrs A. Aldi for film characterization is also kindly acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors This study focused on the recovery of antioxidant compounds from lemon and tomato by-products for use as natural additives in the development of active food packaging formulated using three different polymeric matrices that included low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polylactic acid (PLA), and G-polymer (GP). The films were characterized according to chemical-physical, thermal analyses, and their barrier and mechanical properties. Migration assays were performed to evaluate the release of active compounds from polymeric matrices, which were quantified in the food simulant by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector and then confirmed via liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antioxidant capacities of the films were determined to evaluate their applicability for use as antioxidant-active packaging. The incorporation of extracts into polymers resulted in different structural changes and enhanced properties according to the nature of the polymeric matrix based on the interactions of the –OH groups of polyphenols and the chemical groups of the polymers. The lemon (LE) and tomato (TE) extracts lead to a substantial improvement in water barrier properties of PLA and GP-based films. The active PLA and GP films released high amounts of polyphenolic compounds (up to 65% for GP containing LE); mainly hesperidin and eriocitrin for LE films, and chrologenic acid for TE films. PLA loaded with lemon extract at 4% was selected as the most suitable for use as antioxidant packaging to extend the shelf-life of foods with high fat content. publishersversion published

The search for new forms to extend foodstuffs’ shelf-life through the use of natural compounds and extracts continues to grow among researchers and the industry. In this line of thought, the main objective of this work was to develop, characterize and evaluate the effectiveness of an active food packaging based on polylactic acid (PLA) and incorporated with natural extracts obtained from grape and/or pomegranate by-products. In vitro, antioxidant methods were applied to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of three extracts: wort extract, freeze-dried pomegranate peels extract (PPE-FD), and natural pomegranate peels (PPE-N). Punicalagin (A + B) and ellagic acid were determined in PPE-FD, PPE-N, and active films by UHPLC-DAD. New PLA-based active packaging with PPE-FD (PLA/3PPE) and pomegranate peels (PLA/3PP) were developed, and their chemical, mechanical, and barrier properties were evaluated. Moreover, the effectiveness of the new film was carried out through the study of lipid oxidation state and microbial contamination of two high-fat content foodstuffs, almonds and beef meat. PPE-FD presented high antioxidant capacity and high content in total phenolics and flavonoid compounds. The PLA/3PPE and PLA/3PP prevented the lipid oxidation of meat and presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The addition of the PPE-FD and the pomegranate peels to the PLA did not affect the morphology of the polymer. Although both PPE-FD and pomegranate peels presented punicalagin (A + B) and ellagic acid, only ellagic acid was identified and quantified in the active PLA. Active PLA films were not effective in delaying the lipid oxidation of almonds, but they showed to be significantly effective in delaying the lipid oxidation of beef meat and reducing the microbial growth in this food matrix over time., This paper was carried out under the MobFOOD Project (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024524 and LISBOA-01-0247-FEDER-024524), funded by POCI (Operational Programme “Competitiveness and Internationalization”) and POR Lisboa (Lisbon Regional Operational Programme), through ANI, and by the Programa de Cooperación Interreg-A España–Portugal (POCTEP) 2014–2020 (project 0377_IBERPHENOL_6_E). This research was also funded by PT national funds (FCT/MCTES, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through the grant UIDB/00211/2020.

Dust Obscured Galaxies (DOGs) are observed as far as the reionization epoch. Their cosmic density peaks together with the star formation rate. DOGs also rule the star formation in high stellar mass galaxies. In this work we used a chemodynamical model to evolve the amount of dust in galaxies. We ran forty models varying initial mass and both dust formation efficiency and dust production. We find that for high star formation rate systems the accretion dominates the dust evolution and it explains high-z DOGs. Low star formation rate systems are better suited to investigate dust production. Also, we find that a MDust/MGas versus MDust/M* diagram is a good tracer of galaxy evolution.

A 51-year-old woman underwent stage I of a 2-stage revision for a prosthetic knee infection with a vancomycin-impregnated articulating cement spacer followed by IV vancomycin and ceftriaxone. Four weeks later, she developed fevers, a diffuse cutaneous eruption, lymphadenopathy, transaminitis, and acute renal tubular necrosis before being diagnosed with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome (DRESS).DRESS is a rare, potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction with cutaneous manifestations and multiorgan involvement. Although rare, its incidence in orthopaedic patients is likely to increase with the aging population. It must be recognized early to minimize end-stage organ dysfunction and mortality.

Fruit by-products have a low economic value and have proven biological activities, such as antioxidant capacity due to the presence of active compounds. The main objective of this study was to obtain and determine the antioxidant capacity, through DPPH radical assay and &beta, carotene bleaching assay, of three food grade extracts from apple, lemon, and orange industrial by-products. Furthermore, the extracts were characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). LC with diode array detector (LC-DAD) was used for the quantification of the main polyphenols. Lemon extract presented the highest inhibition percentage of DPPH radical (51.7%) and the highest total phenolics content (43.4 mg GAE/g) from the by-products studied. Orange by-product was that with the higher number of polyphenols while lemon extract was that with the highest content of individual phenolics. The by-product obtained from the lemon was that with higher amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids (407 &micro, g/g of by-product), mainly chlorogenic acid (386.7 &micro, g/g), followed by the apple by-product (128.0 &micro, g/g of by-product), which showed higher amounts of rosmarinic and chlorogenic acids. These industrial by-products have great potential as a source of natural antioxidants to be used directly as food additives or to be incorporated in packaging to produce active food packaging.