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Automatic sleep scoring systems have being much more attention in last decades. Whereas a wide variety of studies have been used in this subject area, the accuracies are still under acceptable limits to apply these methods in real life data. One can find many high accuracy studies in literature using standard database but when it comes to the using real data reaching such a high performances is not straightforward. In this study, five distinct datasets were prepared using 124 persons including 93 unhealthy and 31 healthy persons. These datasets consist of time-, nonlinear-, welch-, discrete wavelet transform-and Hilbert-Huang transform-features. By applying k-NN, Decision Trees, ANN, SVM and Bagged Tree classifiers to these feature sets in various manners by using feature-selection highest classification accuracy was searched. The maximum classification accuracy was detected in case of Bagged Tree classifier as 95.06% with the use of 14 features among a total of 136 features. This accuracy is relatively high compared with literature for a real-data application.

Purpose of the study The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of B cell-mediated immunity with disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Study design In this retrospective cohort and single-centre study, 208 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. A COVID-19 severity score, ranging from 0 to 10, was used to evaluate associations between various factors. Serum immunoglobulin levels and the number of cells in B lymphocyte subsets were measured and their association with disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19 examined. Results The median age of the patients was 50 (35–63) years and 88 (42%) were female. The number of deceased patients was 17. The median COVID-19 severity score was 8 (6–8) in deceased patients and 1 (0–2) in survivors. Deceased patients had significantly lower levels of total B lymphocytes, naive B cells, switched memory B cells, and serum IgA, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 than recovered patients (all p Conclusion In the present study, the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 was shown to be associated with the B cell subset and serum immunoglobulin levels.

Objective: To investigate neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), lymphocyte/monocyte (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios, and the value of these parameters in determining disease severity and progression in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted retrospectively with 182 in-patients and 91 controls due to COVID-19 between April-September 2020 in the chest diseases clinic. Hematological parameters and rates were compared with controls’ parameters. Correlations and differences between hematological parameters and other parameters were investigated. Results: Lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil, hemoglobin, thrombocyte, and LMR were significantly lower. NLR and PLR were higher. There were significant increases in hematological parameters and PLR on discharge. A positive correlation existed between radiological pneumonia severity score, and NLR (r=0.234, p=0.001) and PLR (r=0.128, p=0.042), and significant inverse correlation with LMR (r=-0.206, p=0.003). Positive correlations were detected between NLR (r=0.140, p=0.030) and PLR (r=0.125, p=0.046), and symptom-discharge time, and inverse correlation between LMR, and both symptom-discharge (r=-0.137, p=0.032) and hospital stay time (r=-0.135, p=0.034). A positive correlation existed between CRP, and NLR and PLR on admission and discharge. Conclusion: NLR, LMR and PLR were found as hematological predictors to be used with CRP in following-up COVID-19, showing a significant correlation with disease severity, monitoring responses to treatment and predicting prognosis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), with pulmonary artery diameter (PAD), age, gender, disease duration, disease stages, extrapulmonary involvement, and spontaneous remission in patients with sarcoidosis. Materials and Methods: Diagnosed and followed-up in the chest diseases clinic between 2010-2020, 60 sarcoidosis patients were included. Patients’ demographic data, clinical course, information over treatment, radiological and echocardiographic examinations were recorded. sPAB was utilized to calculate mean PAP based on ECHO. PAD was measured by an experienced radiologist in thoracic CT. Associatons of PAP and PAD with other parameters were investigated. Results: sPAP and PAD were found as 29.68±5.73 mmHg and 28.20±5.75 mm. A significant correlation was detected between them (r=0.46 p

OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) and smoking using pulmonary function tests and polysomnographic data. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analytical cross-sectional study was done by retrospectively examining the files of patients who applied to the Meram Medical Faculty Chest Diseases Sleep Laboratory between 07.01.2016 and 30.12.2018. Three-hundred and thirty-three patients who were diagnosed with OSAS or simple snoring by polysomnography (PSG) were included in the study. RESULTS Those involved in the study; 17.1% were simple snoring [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 30), and 48.6% of the study participants never smoked. There was a significant correlation between the number of pack-years, minimum O2 saturation, mean O2 saturation, ratio of sleep time to total sleep time with oxygen saturation below 90%, %NREM 3 sleep time, Hb, HTC values, and FEV1/FVC values. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis; the effect of package-year, age, and BMI on OSAS severity was found to be statistically significant (β = 0.153 P = 0.004, β = 0.123 P = 0.025, β = 0.208 P

The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSASH) and making decision of treatment necessity with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy are time consuming and costly processes. There were different approaches in literature to accomplish these processes successfully and as soon as possible by using physiological signals with selected feature extraction and machine learning techniques. To reach fastest and true result, selection of optimal physiological signal(s), feature extraction and learning techniques is important. This study aimed to identify apnea hypopnea index (AHI) subgroups of 120 subjects and thus diagnose of OSASH and determine the need for PAP therapy by applying Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MDFA) as a feature extraction technique to only single channel nasal cannula airflow signals. After the extracted features from airflow signals with MDFA were gone through feature selection phase, the selected features were evaluated in Random Forest classifier. With the implementation of all processes, OSAHS patients were discriminated from healthy subjects with 95.83% accuracy, 96.88% sensitivity and 93.75% specificity. 93.75% sensitivities and 93.75%, 100% and 96.88% specificities were obtained for 15

The prevalence and mortality rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) widely vary among populations. Mucosal immunity is the first barrier to the pathogen's entry into the body. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the primary antibody responsible for mucosal immunity. We explored the relationship between selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD) and COVID-19 severity. We included 424 patients (203 women) with COVID-19. Eleven patients had SIgAD. Laboratory data of patients with SIgAD and normal IgA levels were compared. The relationship between SIgAD and severe COVID-19 infection was explored using logistic regression analysis. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of severe COVID-19 disease in patients with SIgAD was approximately 7.7-fold higher than that in other patients (odds ratio [OR], 7.789; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.665-36.690, P = 0.008), while it was 4-fold (OR, 4.053; 95% CI, 1.182-13.903, P = 0.026) higher in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Serum IgA levels were positively correlated with total lymphocyte counts and negatively correlated with C-reactive protein levels, which was a risk factor for severe COVID-19. In patients with SIgAD, the number of severe acute respiratory coronaviruses 2 that pass through mucosal membranes may be increased, leading to complications such as cytokine storm syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound (LUS) and show its place in diagnosing patients with known coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, according to chest computed tomography and the COVID-19 reporting and data system (CO-RADS). METHODS: Nineteen patients who admitted to a single university hospital emergency department between March 5, 2020, and April 27, 2020, describing dyspnea were included in the study and underwent LUS by a single emergency specialist. The patient population was divided into 2 groups, COVID-19 positive and negative, and the sensitivity and specificity of LUS according to chest computed tomography were calculated for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis. In the subgroup analysis, the patient group was divided into real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positive (n = 7) and negative (n = 12), and sensitivity and specificity were calculated according to the CO-RADS. RESULTS: According to the CO-RADS, significant differences were detected between the LUS positive and negative groups in terms of COVID-19 pneumonia presence. Only 1 patient was evaluated as CO-RADS 2 in the LUS positive group, and 2 patients were evaluated as CO-RADS 4 in the LUS negative group (P = 0.04). The sensitivity of LUS according to the CO-RADS for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis was measured to be 77.78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.9%-97.1%), specificity was 90% (95% CI, 55.5%-99.75%), positive predictive value was 87.5% (95% CI, 51.35%-97.8%), and accuracy was 84.21% (95% CI, 60.4%-96.62%; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, LUS is easily used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia because it has bedside application and is fast, easy to apply, reproducible, radiation free, safe for pregnant women, and cheap.

PubMed ID 34773688 WOS:000761923700004 Background and aim: A high D-dimer level may indicate the risk of coagulopathy and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Thromboelastography (TEG) is a test that evaluates clot formation and fibrinolysis in real-time, unlike routine coagulation tests. The study aimed to investigate the coagulation process with TEG in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: The study was performed at our university hospital, chest diseases outpatient clinic as a cross-section study. A total of 51 patients with 23 high D-dimer levels group (HDG) and 28 low D-dimers group (LDG) were included in the study. TEG analysis was performed at the pretreatment evaluation in these two groups. Results: D-dimer and fibrinogen levels of the HDG were higher than those of the LDG (550 vs. 90 ng/mL, p < 0.001; 521 vs. 269 mg/ dL, p < 0.001, respectively). In TEG analysis, HDG’s R and K values were lower than LDG, and HDG’s Angle, MA, and CI values were higher than LDG (p = 0.037; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p [removed]62°, MA was 60.4 mm. Conclusion: Our study showed that the risk of thrombosis might increase in COVID-19 patients who are not hospitalized in the intensive care unit. Thrombosis risk should be investigated with TEG analysis and laboratory tests in every patient diagnosed with COVID-19, and treatment should be started for risky patients.

Background and aimThe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, complex and polygenic disease and it has high risk of serious complications. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune function by discriminating self from non-self. In recent years there has been rapid advancement in “Next Generation Sequencing” technology. It enables the detection of HLA alleles in four or even six digits, providing a high level of precision. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic variants at HLA-A,-B,-C,-DQB1 and -DRB1 loci in OSA patients and unrelated healthy individuals by targeted NGS in the Turkish population.Materials methodsFifty newly diagnosed patients with OSA and 50 control subjects were enrolled in the study. OSA diagnosis was made by utilizing the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)≥5 in overnight polysomnography (PSG). Blood samples were obtained in the morning, after PSG. Controls were randomly selected from healthy volunteers who had a low risk for OSA. Genotyping of HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 genes were performed by using next generation sequencing.ResultsHLA-A*02:01, HLA-C*03:03:01, HLA-C*14:03, HLA DRB1*04:05 alleles were found more frequently in OSA patients, but not in the controls (p=0.036, p=0.007, p=0.043 and 0.013, respectively). The allele frequencies of HLA-A*03:01 and HLA-B*35:02 were significantly higher in controls compared to OSA patients (p=0.024 and p=0.043).ConclusionThese results suggest that HLA-A*02:01, HLA-C*03:03:01, HLA-C*14:03, HLA DRB1*04:05 alleles may play a predisposing role in the Turkish population with OSA. In addition, HLA-A*03:01 and HLA-B*35:02 alleles may be protective in this population.

Introduction. Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread to more than 200 countries worldwide. We aimed to present acute pancreatitis (AP) cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. Methods. The study was conducted retrospectively between April 2020 and June 2020 in Necmettin Erbakan University Meram, Medical Faculty Hospital, and 150 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. The degree of acute pancreatitis was determined according to the Atlanta classification. Organ failures of the patients were evaluated in terms of respiratory, cardiovascular, and nephrology according to the modified Marshall scoring (MMS) system, and CTSI (Balthazar score) and Imrie score were determined. Modified Marshall score ≥ 2 was considered organ failure. Results. A total of 29 patients were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. All 29 patients with pancreatitis had respiratory failure during hospitalization. After the diagnosis of pancreatitis, there was no change in respiratory failure. According to the Atlanta classification, 19 patients had mild AP and 10 patients had moderate AP. Patients with acute pancreatitis were scored according to the CTSI (Balthazar score), and there were no patients with ≥6 severe pancreatitis. The CTSI score of 4 patients was 3. In addition, the Imrie score of the patients was determined and 8 patients with Imrie score ≥ 3 were identified. Conclusion. The rate of pancreatic damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be 19% ( n = 29 ) in our study. In our study, we highlight acute pancreatitis as a complication associated with COVID-19 and the importance of pancreatic evaluation in patients with COVID-19 and abdominal pain is demonstrated.

INTRODUCTION: The primary aim of the study was to compare the laboratory and radiological parameters of COVID-19 positive and negative patients confirmed by Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and Chest Computed Tomography (CCT) of patients admitting with the suspicion of COVID-19. The secondary purpose of the study was to find objective parameters to speed up the clinician for further examination, treatment or referral decision in COVID-19 suspicion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 61 COVID-19 suspected patients were evaluated in the study. Swab samples were taken for RT-PCR analysis. CCT was taken for 42 patients who described dyspnea. According to CCT and RT-PCR results, the patient population was divided into 2 groups as COVID-19 positive group (n = 32); and COVID-19 negative group (n = 29). Between two groups; demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters were compared. RESULTS: Male gender (p = 0.03), PLR value (p = 0.021) and CO-RADS scores were higher in the COVID-19 positive group. Oxygen saturation (SaO2) (p = 0.027) and PCT, WBC, Neutrophil count, Lymphocyte count values were significantly low in COVID-19 positive group (p = 0.03, p = 0.001, p = 0.017, p = 0.021, respectively). PLR showed a positive correlation with fever, CRP, neutrophil count and NLR, which are indicators of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: SaO2, WBC, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count and low PCT levels, and PLR elevation showed a significant difference in COVID-19 patients in our retrospective cohort study examining the Turkish population. We believe that these results will allow clinicians to make quick decisions in patient management more simply.

Automatic sleep staging is aimed within the scope of this paper. Sleep staging is a study by a sleep specialist. Since this process takes quite a long time and sleep is a method based on the knowledge and experience, it is inevitable for each person to show different results. For this, an automatic sleep staging method has been introduced. In the study, EEG (Electroencephalogram), EOG (Electrooculogram), EMG (Electromyogram) data recorded by PSG (Polysomnography) device for seven patients in Necmettin Erbakan University sleep laboratory were used. 81 different features were taken from the data in time and frequency environment. Also, PCA (Principal component analysis) and SFS (Sequential forward selection) feature selection methods were used. The classification success of the sleep phases in different machine learning methods was measured by using the received features. Linear D. (Linear Discriminant Analysis), Cubic SVM (Support vector machine), Weighted kNN (k nearest neighbor), Bagged Trees, ANN (Artificial neural network) were used as classifiers. System success was achieved with a 5 fold cross-validation method. Accuracy rates obtained were respectively 55.6%, 65.8%, 67%, 72.1%, and 69.1%.

Background: Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is highly contagious and threatens human health. Chest computed tomography (CT) is an accurate imaging modality for diagnosis and follow-up. Objectives: To investigate early CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods: Retrospective study. Sixty-three patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (28 men, 35 women; age range, 21 - 85 years; mean, 59 years) confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were enrolled in this retrospective study and CT findings were evaluated. Patients were classified into three groups for estimating COVID-19 pneumonia, according to CT features. Results: Nineteen (30%) patients classified as out of COVID-19 pneumonia had normal CT findings. Twenty-eight (44%) patients, classified as highly suggestive for COVID-19 pneumonia, had typical findings for COVID-19 pneumonia. In highly suggestive for COVID-19 pneumonia group most common CT features were peripheral (64%), multilobar (96%), patchy, and round (54%) ground-glass opacity (GGO) (57%). Air bronchogram (93%), crazy-paving patterns (79%), and vascular thickening (61%) were the most common special findings. We only detected these rare findings such as halo sign, reverse halo sign, lymphadenopathy, pleural and pericardial effusion, pleural thickening, and fibrotic lines in patients with COVID-19 with chronic diseases. Conclusions: The early CT findings are peripheral, multilobar, patchy, and round ground glass opacities accompanied by vascular thickening, crazy-paving pattern, or air bronchogram sign. Rare findings are only seen in the presence of concomitant diseases.

Introduction: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a simple, reliable, minimally invasive and effective procedure. However, a surgical technique may be required, if the results are negative. Therefore, there is a need for new studies to increase the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA and provide additional information to guide the biopsy in performing the procedure. Here, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA and 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in diagnosis of hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). It was also aimed to determine the contributions of real-time ultrasonography (USG) images of LNs to distinguishing between the malignant and benign LNs during EBUS-TBNA, and in the diagnosis of anthracotic LNs. Material and Method: In the retrospective study including 545 patients, 1068 LNs were sampled by EBUS-TBNA between January 2015 and February 2020. EBUS-TBNA, 18-FDG PET/CT and images of USG were investigated in the diagnosis of mediastinal and/or hilar malignant, anthracotic and other benign LNs. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EBUS-TBNA were found as 79.5, 98.1, 89.5, and 91.7%, respectively. Mean maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) values of 18F-FDG PET/CT were 6.31±4.3 in anthracotic LNs and 5.07 ± 2.53 in reactive LNs. Also, mean SUVmax of malignant LNs was 11.02 ± 7.30 and significantly higher than that of benign LNs. In differentiation of malignant-benign tumors, considering the cut off value of 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax as 2.72, the sensitivity and specificity was 99.3 and 11.7%, but given the cut off value as 6.48, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was found as 76.5, 64, 20.49, and 78.38% for benign LNs, respectively. Compared LNs as to internal structure and contour features, malignant LNs had most often irregular contours and heterogeneous density. Anthracotic, reactive and other benign LNs were most frequently observed as regular contours and homogeneous density. The difference between malignant and benign LNs was significant. Conclusion: EBUS can contribute to the differential diagnosis of malignant, anthracotic and other benign LNs. Such contributions can guide clinician bronchoscopists during EBUS-TBNA. The triple modality of EBUS-TBNA, 18FDG PET/CT, and USG may increase the diagnostic value in hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathies.

Amaç:Çalışmamızda tıp fakültesi ile iletişim fakültesi öğrencilerinde tütün ve tütünürünleri kullanım sıklığını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek, sigara ileilgili algı ve tutumlarını araştırmak ve fakülteler arasında karşılaştırmayapmak amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Tıp ve İletişim Fakültesinde 2017-2018eğitim döneminde ilkve son sınıfta okuyan öğrencilere tütün ve tütün ürünleri kullanmaalışkanlıkları ile sigaraya karşı tutum ve algı düzeylerini öğrenmek amacıylahazırlanmış bir anket uygulandı.Bulgular:Tıp Fakültesinde okuyan öğrencilerin %11,57’si halen sigara içmekte iken,İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin %50,0’ı halen sigara içmekte idi. İletişimfakültesindeki öğrencilerin sigara içme oranı Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerindendaha yüksekti(p, Objectives: The aim of this study was todetermine the prevalence of tobacco and tobacco products in medical faculty andcommunication faculty students, to investigate their perception and attitudesabout smoking and to compare the among faculties.Materials and Methods: Incross-sectional analytical study, a questionnaire was applied who in 2017-2018for the first and last year students at the Faculty of Medicine andCommunication to learn use habits tobacco and tobacco products and theirattitudes and perception towards smoking.Results: While 11.5% of the studentsin the Faculty of Medicine were still smoking, 50.0% of the students in theFaculty of Communication were still smoking. The smoking rate of the studentsin the communication faculty was higher than the students in the Faculty ofMedicine (p

Aim: The first COVID-19 case in Turkey was detected on March 11, 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Epidemiologicalstudies are needed to be prepared for other outbreaks and to be effective in the disease management process. Based on this reason,in this study it was aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of Covid 19 possible and definite cases who applied tothe university hospital during the pandemic process.Materials and Methods: This retrospective epidemiological study was carried out by analyzing the data of Covid 19 possible anddefinite cases, who applied to the university hospital operating as a pandemic hospital between 11 March / 01 June 2020. The datawere summarized with descriptive statistics, tables and graphs.Results: Of the 1,383 patients, who applied with the suspicion of COVID-19, 55.5% were men and 84.5% were adults. The medianage of children is 4.0 (1.5-10) years old; adults were 52.0 (36.0-67.0) years old. The median time between the outset of complaintsand the date of admission to the hospital was 2 (1-3) days. 87.4% of adults and 87.9% of children had symptoms that supportedCOVID-19 infection. Among cases 7.8% were health care workers. The median age of the fatal cases was 71 (64-82) years old, 79.5%were male, 77.7% were retired. The most common comorbide diseases in these cases were hypertension (28.2%) and malignancy(28.2%). The case fatality rate was found as 2.8% in all patients and 48.4% in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit.Conclusions: As a result, Covid-19 affects all age groups. Hypertension and malignancy were the most common additional diseasesin fatal cases. The risk of illness is higher in healthcare workers who have direct contact with the patients. According to ourobservations, preventive measures, rapid diagnosis and supportive treatment are valuable.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the second most common cause of death in women. Estrogen plays an important role in breast tumor etiopathogenesis. Tamoxifen and other anti-estrogen drugs are used in breast cancer patients who have a positive estrogen receptor (ER). While angiotensin II plays a key role in breast cancer etiology and causes tamoxifen resistance, angiotensin 1–7 has been reported to may reduce the spread and invasion of breast cancer. During the COVID-19 infection, the virus blocks ACE2, and angiotensin 1–7 production discontinued. Angiotensin III production may increase as angiotensin II destruction is reduced. Thus, aminopeptidase upregulation may occur. Increased aminopeptidase may develop resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Estrogen can have a protective effect against COVID-19. Estrogen increase causes ER-α upregulation in T lymphocytes. Thus, estrogen increases the release of interferon I and III from T lymphocytes. Increasing interferon I and III alleviates COVID-19 infection. Tamoxifen treatment causes down-regulation, mutation, or loss in estrogen receptors. In the long-term use of tamoxifen, its effects on estrogen receptors can be permanent. Thus, since estrogen receptors are damaged or downregulated, estrogen may not act by binding to these receptors. Tamoxifen is a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, independent of its effect on estrogen receptors. It suppresses T cell functions and interferon release. We think tamoxifen may increase the COVID-19 risk due to its antiestrogen and P-glycoprotein inhibitory effects.

Objective To investigate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and combined nutritional support therapy on quality of life (QoL) and functional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods This pre-and post-intervention prospective exploratory study involved 64 patients with stable stage three to four COPD. Oral nutritional support and personalized diet were combined with an intense and comprehensive PR program. Baseline and 8-week follow-up scores were compared for the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), pulmonary function tests (PFT), PImax-PEmax, arterial blood gas (ABG), respiratory rate (RR), handgrip strength, Borg and modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale scores and fat-free mass index. Results Significant improvements were found in functional status (6MWT: 86.72 m, ISWT: 76.24 m), QoL (SGRQ total: 13.86), PFT, ABG, RR, dyspnoea, upper extremity muscle strength and hand-body composition. Conclusion Nutritional support with comprehensive and intensive PR can significantly improve physical performance, QoL, dyspnoea and body composition in COPD. The improvement in QoL was greater than that reported in previous studies. Because two modalities were combined in this study, future randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the extent and contribution of these modalities to the outcomes.

Objective: Behcet's disease (BD) is an episodic and chronic multisystemic disease Many comorbid psychiatric disorders are frequently encountered in BD In addition, it is reported that individuals with chronic diseases during the epidemic period are at risk for COVID-19 infection Therefore, these situations may cause anxiety levels to increase and coping strategies to decrease overall psychological conditions in patients with BD However, individuals with both psychiatric complaints and comorbid inflammatory and chronic diseases such as BD are more prone to this stressful situation than healthy individuals In the current study, we aimed to determine whether patients with Behcet's Disease (BD) are psychologically more sensitive than healthy individuals and whether disease severity increase with the COVID-19 pandemic Methods: One hundred and fifty-six patients with BD and 156 healthy volunteers were included in the study All participants received Perceived COVID-19 Threat Form (PCTF), Suicide-Ideation Scale (SIS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), The Ability to Cope with Trauma (PACT), well-being index (PGWB) scales Results: When the responses of the patient with BD and control groups to the psychiatric evaluation scales were examined;the mean scores of PCTF (p

The Klestadt cyst, also known as nasoalveolar cyst, is an uncommon nonodontogenic tumor located in the maxillofacial soft tissue, on the region corresponding to the nasolabial furrow. Following its first description by Zuckerkandl in 1882

Our aim in this study is to evaluate the knowledge level of outpatients about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).This cross-sectional analytical study included 1651 patients and patient relatives who applied to Konya Training and Research Hospital outpatient clinics. Sociodemographic data form and OSAS knowledge level questionnaire were applied to participants. SPSS 21 package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data. It was accepted that p value was0.05.The average knowledge score in the knowledge level questionnaire was 15.1 (3-33). 61% of the participants had never heard of OSAS before. Those who are married, those living in the city center and women have a higher level of knowledge. When age, education level and income level increased, the score of information also increased. Most of the participants' information source was the social media with 56.5% (n = 364) and least were health workers with 19.8% (n = 127). The knowledge level of people whose information sources were doctors, were significantly higher than other information sources such as nurses, friends, internet and television as. There was no significant difference between the other groups.In our study, it was concluded that the level of knowledge about OSAS in the society was not sufficient and that the society had to be informed about this disease which has serious complications and awareness should be established.

Aim: We aimed to investigate whether or not artificial ascites media formed using glycerin are effective in the prevention of intraperitoneal adhesions. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar albino male rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into 3 groups as follows. Group I: control group; group II (isotonic group): 3 ml of 0.9% NaCl was injected into the peritoneal cavity, and group III (glycerin group): 0.5 ml of liquid glycerin and 3 ml of 0.9% NaCl was injected into the peritoneal cavity. Results: There were serious adhesions in the control group. Adhesion rates were lower in the isotonic group compared with the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). When adhesion rates of the glycerin group were compared with the control and isotonic groups, significant differences were found, especially between the glycerin and control groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of our study, the use of isotonic solution and liquid glycerin decreases postoperative adhesions. We suggest that glycerin was more effective as it has the chemical ability to draw water to its media. As such, the formation of adhesions may be decreased by increasing the amount of physiological liquid inside the abdomen.

BACKGROUND: We investigated the parameters of National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) + lactate + D-dimer in predicting the intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. METHODS: Patients, who applied to the emergency department of a tertiary university hospital and were taken to the COVID-19 zone with suspected COVID-19 between March 2020 and June 2020, were retrospectively examined. In this study, 244 patients, who were hospitalized and had positive polymerase chain reaction test results, were included. NEWS2, lactate, and D-dimer levels of the patients were recorded. Patients were grouped by the states of in-hospital mortality and ICU admission. RESULTS: Of 244 patients who were included in the study, 122 (50%) were male, while their mean age was 53.76 ± 17.36 years. 28 (11.5%) patients were admitted to the ICU, while in-hospital mortality was seen in 14 (5.7%) patients. The levels of D-dimer, NEWS2, NEWS2 + lactate, NEWS2 + D-dimer, NEWS2 + lactate + D-dimer were statistically significantly higher in patients with in-hospital mortality and admitted to ICU ( p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) values of D-dimer, lactate, NEWS2, NEWS2 + lactate, NEWS2 + D-dimer, NEWS2 + lactate + D-dimer in predicting ICU admission were as 0.745 (0.658–0.832), 0.589 (0.469–0.710), 0.760 (0.675–0.845), 0.774 (0.690–0.859), 0.776 (0.692–0.860), and 0.778 (0.694–0.862), respectively; while the AUC values of these parameters in predicting in-hospital mortality were found to be as 0.768 (0.671–0.865), 0.695 (0.563–0.827), 0.735 (0.634–0.836), 0.757 (0.647–0.867), 0.752 (0.656–0.848), and 0.764 (0.655–0.873), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to using the NEWS2 value alone, a combination of NEWS2, lactate, and D-dimer was found to be more valuable in predicting in-hospital mortality and ICU admission.