Search

Morada Nova breed has a low effective herd, and its white variety is in risk of extinction. The selection of individuals based on breed standard without correlation with productive aptitude is predominant today. We believe that the best way to rescue this valuable genetic resource is to describe its productive potential for commercial use. Thus, this study described the meat production potential of Morada Nova lambs through morphological and zoometric data, performance and carcass characteristics. Twenty-four non-castrated male lambs from two genetic groups were used: Morada Nova red (MNR) and crossbreed Morada Nova (red x Morada Nova white-MNF1) distributed in a completely randomized design. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used. The yields of commercial cuts and the physicochemical characteristics and qualitative measurements of the carcass were similar between the genetic groups. Seven of the 28 characteristics of the carcass were greater in MNF1 lambs. The chest height, rump height and anamorphosis index showed to be important variables in the choice of MN lambs with meat production potential. Based on factor and hierarchical cluster analysis, the Morada Nova beef morphometric index (MNBMI) was created. Both of groups have high thoracic development, ability to produce meat, weight gain, feeding efficiency and breathing capacity, infusing greater rusticity and adaptability; however, the application and validation of the developed index showed superiority for meat production in the crossed lambs. Thus, the MNF1 lambs are a sustainable option for sheep production in drylands. RESUMO: A raça Morada Nova possui um baixo rebanho efetivo, e sua variedade branca está em risco de extinção. A seleção de indivíduos com base no padrão racial sem correlação com a aptidão produtiva é predominante até hoje. Acreditamos que a melhor forma de resgatar esse valioso recurso genético é descrever seu potencial produtivo para uso comercial. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever o potencial de produção de carne de cordeiros Morada Nova por meio de dados morfológicos e zoométricos, desempenho e características de carcaça. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos não castrados de dois grupos genéticos: Morada Nova Vermelho (MNV) e mestiços Morada Nova (vermelho x Morada Nova branco-MNF1) distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Análises univariadas e multivariadas foram utilizadas. Os rendimentos dos cortes comerciais e as características físico-químicas e medidas qualitativas da carcaça foram semelhantes entre os grupos genéticos. Sete, das 28 características da carcaça, foram maiores nos cordeiros MNF1. A altura do peito, altura da garupa e índice de anamorfose mostraram-se variáveis importantes na escolha de cordeiros MN com potencial de produção de carne. Com base na análise fatorial e hierárquica de agrupamento, foi elaborado o índice morfométrico da carne da raça Morada Nova (IMCMN). Ambos os grupos apresentam alto desenvolvimento torácico, capacidade de produção de carne, ganho de peso, eficiência alimentar e capacidade respiratória, infundindo maior rusticidade e adaptabilidade, porém, a aplicação e validação do índice desenvolvido mostrou superioridade para produção de carne nos cordeiros cruzados. Assim, os cordeiros MNF1 são uma opção sustentável para a produção ovina em terras áridas.

This research evaluated the effects of using by-product from biscuit industry (BBI) in the diet of fattening lambs of Morada Nova breed. Lamb growth performances and carcass traits were investigated. Twenty Morada Nova breed male lambs body weight (BW) 17.1 ± 3.74 kg, single born, and age 141 ± 7 days were divided into four homogeneous groups (n = 5) fed for 8.5 weeks with four experimental diets replacing corn with BBI at 0, 150, 300, and 450 g/kg. Experimental diets were consisted of 30% Tifton-85 hay and 70% concentrate on dry matter (DM) basis. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic in order to supply nutrient requirements of growing lambs with an average daily gain of 200 g/day. Increased feeding levels of BBI partially replacing corn did not affect dry matter intake, organic matter, and crude protein intake (P 0.05). Animal performance was not affected by the dietary treatments (P 0.05). BBI addition to the concentrate did not influence carcass traits, carcass measurements, quali-quantitative of Longissimus lumborum muscle, and meat cuts (P 0.05). Partially replacing corn with a by-product from biscuit industry does not affect performance and carcass traits of fattening lambs. The BBI can partially replace up to 450 g/kg DM of corn on lambs' diets as a suitable agro-industrial by-product.

This research evaluated the effects of biscuit bran and cashew nut bran as energy source and additional energy level on intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, energy partitioning, N balance, and blood parameters on ewes. Twenty Morada Nova cull ewes breed (average age of 3 years old and initial body weight of 30.1 ± 3.56 kg) were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme of two energy sources (biscuit bran vs. cashew nut bran) and two levels of energy above 10% and 25% of the recommended energy requirements. The inclusion of cashew nut bran above 10% of the recommended energy promoted a lower crude protein (CP) and ethereal extract intake (P 0.01) than cashew nut bran above 25% of the recommended energy. The interaction between energy source × energy level did not affect digestibility and energy partition on ewes (P 0.05). The diet containing cashew nut bran above 10% of the recommended energy presented lower metabolizable energy intake and energy balance (P 0.05). Regarding N balance, the cashew nut bran diet above 10% of the recommended energy decreased N

The economic feasibility of replacing corn grain with by-product from biscuit manufacture (BBM) as an energy source in the diet for purebred and crossbred native lambs raised in feedlot was evaluated. Four production systems were developed based on nutritional management and genetic groups: (PS

Feed restriction (FR) occurs commonly in sheep production systems in the Brazilian semi-arid region and can cause physiological changes in the progeny. We assessed the effects of the FR pre and postnatal on the performance and carcass traits of Morada Nova lambs. Twenty-four lambs born from a group of 68 ewes were distributed in three treatments of 8 replicates as follows: ewes fed ad libitum pre and postnatal (AL-AL); postnatal restriction (POSTN-R): included lambs born from ewes fed ad libitum in the last third of pregnancy with FR postnatal; and prenatal feeding restriction (PREN-AL): comprised lambs born from ewes subjected to FR in the last third of pregnancy but ad libitum postnatal. Slaughter body weight (20.96 kg); total weight gain (11.34 kg); average daily weight (0.096 kg); fasting carcass weight (19.45); hot carcass weight (9.33 kg); and cold carcass weight (9.11 kg) were smaller (P 0.05) in POSTN-R but similar between AL-AL and PREN-AL. Rib (0.47 kg), shoulder (0.85 kg), loin (0.50 kg), and chest-flank (0.97 kg) had lower weight in lambs under POSTN-R (P 0.05). The treatments did not affect the tissue composition of the 12th rib. The non-carcass components and carcass traits are the variables that best discriminate animals under FR plans. The postpartum FR in native lambs has an impact on the performance and carcass weight of the progeny, unlike lambs submitted to prepartum FR, which demonstrates the adaptation to intrauterine nutritional deficiency in Morada Nova ewes to produce lambs with heavy carcasses in regions semi-arid.

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of replacing corn with by-product from biscuit manufacture (BBM) on feed intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior, and growth performance of pure or crossbred Morada Nova sheep. Twenty-four non-castrated male lambs from two genetic groups (GG) were used: purebred red-coated Morada Nova (RMN) and red-coated Morada Nova x white-coated Morada Nova. Each GG had 12 lambs with an initial body weight (BW) of 15.0±0.84 and 18.8±0.88 kg for RMN and crossbred lambs, respectively. Treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, as follows: two genetic groups (RMN and crossbred) and two diets (ground corn and by-product from biscuit manufacture-BBM) with six replicates. There was no effect (p0.05) of GG on feed intake (g/day and as a fraction of BW). Lambs fed BBM had a lower feed intake (p0.05) than corn-fed lambs, except for the non-fibrous carbohydrate intake, which did not differ among diets (p0.05). No effects (p0.05) of GG or diets were observed on apparent digestibility, except for organic matter, which was higher for BBM-fed lambs (p0.05). Intake and N urinary excretion were lower (p0.05) for BBM-fed lambs when compared to corn-fed lambs. There was no effect (p0.05) of GG on growth performance. On the other hand, lambs fed BBM diet had a higher (p0.05) feed efficiency than corn-fed lambs. Total replacing corn with BBM in finishing lamb diets increases the efficiency of nutrient utilization, which results in higher feed efficiency. The crossbreeding between the red- and white-coated strains of Morada Nova sheep does not affect nutritional and growth performance.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de aditivos em ovinos em pastagem nativa da Caatinga no período chuvoso sobre o consumo, emissão de metano, desempenho e nas características de carcaça. . Os tratamentos foram compostos por aditivos, a saber: ausência de aditivo, controle (S-CT), adição de ZnSO4.7H2O (S-Zn), com disponibilidade de 22,5% de Zn adicionado no sal mineral para ovinos (com composição, Ca = 82,0 g, Co = 30,0 mg, Cu = 350 mg, Cr = 11,7 mg, S = 11,7 g, P = 60,0 g, I = 50,0 mg, Mn = 1200 mg, Mo = 180 mg, Se = 15 mg, Na = 132 g e Zn = 2600 mg, por kg de produto), e adição de propilenoglicol (PG; S-PG). As avaliações de consumo e mensuração da emissão de CH4 foram realizadas em quatro períodos (meses de Março, Abril, Maio, Junho/2014) na estação chuvosa. Vinte e quatro ovinos, mestiços Santa Inês, machos, inteiros, peso inicial, 19,3 ± 2,52 kg, e com quatro meses de idade, sendo oito repetições por tratamento, foram usados em delineamento inteiramente casualisado. Não houve efeito dos aditivos na suplementação mineral e, interação aditivo x período para os consumos (P>0,05). Entre os períodos, o CMO foi em média 23,9% superior no mês de março comparado a junho. Para CPB houve decréscimo no consumo mensalmente (P0,05). Não houve efeito dos aditivos para características organolépticas e aspectos físico-químicos da carne (P>0,05). O fornecimento dos aditivos Zn e PG não propicia incremento no consumo de nutrientes por ovinos em pastagem nativa da Caatinga. A pastagem nativa da Caatinga apresenta biomassa com elevados teores de proteína e matéria orgânica digestível no período chuvoso. No entanto, há diminuição do consumo por ovinos devido ao declínio da qualidade, principalmente da matéria orgânica digestível e, na disponibilidade do pasto, que foi afetada pela estiagem nos últimos meses. A técnica do duplo indicador LIPE® e LK, no modelo proposto propicia adequada estimativa do consumo diferenciado. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que os aditivos não apresentam efeito benéfico para mitigar a emissão de CH4 por ovinos. As emissões de CH4 por ovinos terminados em pastagem nativa da Caatinga sofrem alterações no período chuvoso devido a flutuações da disponibilidade e qualidade da biomassa do pasto. Os aditivos, ZnSO4.7H2O como fonte de Zn dietético e o PG não propiciam melhorias no desempenho e nas características de carcaça e da carne de ovinos terminados em pastagem nativa da Caatinga, durante o período chuvoso. The aim was to evaluate the effect of additives at sheep in native pasture of Caatinga in the wet season on the intake, methane emission, performance and carcass characteristics. The treatments were compused by additives, to know: without additive, control; S-CT, addition of the ZnSO4.7H2O and availability of 22.5% of Zn (S-Zn) added on mineral salt (with composition, Ca = 82.0 g, Co = 30.0 mg, Cu = 350 mg, Cr = 11.7 mg, S = 11.7 g, P = 60.0 g, I = 50.0 mg, Mn = 1200 mg, Mo = 180 mg, Se = 15 mg, Na = 132 g e Zn = 2600 mg, by kg of product) and addition of propylene glycol (PG; S-PG). Evaluation of consumptions and measurement of the methane enteric emissions in four periods (mounths, March, April, May, June/2014) on the rainfall season, were carried. Twenty-four sheep, crossbreed Santa Ines, males, weight initial 19.3 ± 2.52 kg, 4-mo old, being 8-replications by treatments, assigned in a randomized design, were used. There was no effect of the additives, and additive x period interaction for the consumptions (P>0.05). Between periods, the OM intake was in average 23.9% higher in March compared to June. For CP intake there was a decrease in consumption, month to month (P0.05). There was not effects of the additives for organoleptic traits, and aspects physic-chemical of the meat (P>0.05). The supply of the additives Zn and PG, does not provide increase on nutrient's intake by sheep in Caatinga native pasture. The Caatinga native pasture presents biomass with high contents of crude protein and organic matter digestible, on rainfall season. However, there is a decrease of the intake by the sheep, due the decline of the quality, mainly of digestible organic matter and, in the availability of the pasture, which was affected by drought in the last months. The technique of the double-marker, LIPE® and lignin Klason on the model proposed provides adequate estimates of the intake differentiated The results of this study suggest that the additives do not showed beneficial effect to mitigate the CH4 emission by sheep. The CH4 emissions by sheep finished in native pasture of the Caatinga are affecteds by the rainfall season due the fluctuations, in both, availability and in quality of the pasture. The additives, ZnSO4.7H2O, like source of dietetic zinc and the PG no provides improvement on performance and in the meat and carcass characteristics of sheep finished in native pasture of Caatinga.

This work aimed to determine the nutrient intake and quantitative aspects of sheep carcass from three different genetic groups. Eighteen animals with initial average body weight of 20.1kg were used in a completely randomized design, in a factorial 3x2 scheme (three different crossbreeds ? 6 F1Dorper x non defined breed, 6 F1Somalis x non defined breed and 6 F1Santa Inês x non defined breed versus two diets). The diets fed to the animals were formulated with or without cashew nuts. The inclusion of cashew nut meal in the diet influenced nutrient intake. Differences of intake among the animal groups were observed as higher intake for F1Dorper x non defined breed (NDB), followed by F1Somalis x NDB and for F1Santa Inês x NDB. However, the control diet produced no difference among these genotypes. The average daily gain was lower for both crossbreeds when cashew nut meal was added in the diets. The evaluated crossbreeds and diets did not affect the feed:gain ratio. The carcasses analyses showed that the inclusion of cashew nut meal in the diets reduced the cold carcass weight and the rib weight. The addition of cashew nut meal in the diets for lambs reduces food intake and carcass yield. The crossbreed F1Dorper x NDB presented the higher rate of average daily gain. [Consumo de nutrientes e aspectos quantitativos de carcaça de ovinos em terminação alimentados com dietas contendo farelo de castanha de caju]. Resumo: Objetivou-se determinar o consumo de nutrientes e os aspectos quantitativos da carcaça de ovinos de diferentes grupos genéticos com dietas com ou sem farelo de castanha de caju. Foram usados dezoito ovinos com peso inicial médio de 20,1kg em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 (três cruzamentos e duas dietas diferentes). A inclusão do farelo de castanha de caju influenciou (P

Objetivou-se verificar o efeito de diferentes proporções de volumoso:concentrado em dietas para ovinos considerando parâmetros de exigências nutricionais do NRC versões 1985 e 2007. Realizaram-se ensaios de consumo e digestibilidade aparente, parâmetros ruminais e sanguíneos, desempenho e observações das atividades comportamentais. Foram utilizados vinte ovinos, machos, com quatro meses de idade, mestiços Santa Inês, com peso vivo (PV) médio 19,5±3,49 kg em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O consumo de matéria seca (CMS), de matéria orgânica (MO), MS e MO digestível não foram influenciados pelas dietas (P>0,05). As dietas com relação 44:56, 48:52 e 52:48 não diferiram entre si (P>0,05) e proporcionaram maiores consumos de proteína bruta (gPB/kgPV0,75). Verificou-se maior consumo de proteína digestível (PD) nas dietas com volumoso acima de 40% (P0,05). Observaram-se maior valor de nitrogênio ingerido (NI) para RVC44:56 e RVC48:52 e maior balanço de N no tratamento RVC44:56. Foi obtido maior valor de Nretido nos animais submetidos à RVC27:73. Nas RVC44:56, RVC48:52 e RVC52:48 maiores concentrações de N-NH3 foram observadas no tempo 2. Observaram-se maiores picos de ureia sérica nos animais alimentados com as dietas RVC44:56 e RVC48:52. Verificou-se maior valor de pH ruminal no RVC48:52 quando comparado com os RVC27:73 e RVC52:48 sendo estas semelhantes a RVC44:56. Considerando-se o desempenho maiores consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) em g/kgPV0,75 e %PV foram obtidos nos tratamentos RVC44:56, RVC48:52 e no RVC52:48. Não houve diferenças (P>0,05) para o ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD em g) e eficiência alimentar. Não foram identificadas diferenças (P>0,05) para os parâmetros avaliados no comportamento ingestivo. Verificaram-se em todas as dietas houve IS maiores que 100% para tamanho médio de partículas (TMP) entre 8 e 1,8 mm. Não houve diferenças (P>0,05) para eficiência de ingestão, eficiência de ruminação (ERU) da MS, ERUFDN, tempo de mastigação total (TMT), número de bolos ruminais (BOL), número de mastigações merícicas (MMnd), e MMn por bolo (MMnb). A maior digestibilidade de nutrientes de dietas com elevada proporção de concentrado não implica em aumento no consumo de nutrientes digestíveis. As dietas conforme as recomendações do NRC (2007) resultam em melhoria no teor de FDN para o perfeito funcionamento ruminal. As dietas com a proporção 48 e 52% de volumoso apresentam níveis de N-NH3 que podem propiciara máxima síntese proteica microbiana. Nas proporções de volumoso, 44, 48 e 52% também há aumento da oferta de ureia sérica que pode vir a ser utilizada para a reciclagem de N ruminal. O maior aporte de concentrado na RVC27:73 não implica em maior GPMD. As dietas com volumoso acima de 40% não afeta o consumo e a eficiência alimentar. O tamanho de partícula das dietas não afeta o consumo, o desempenho e o comportamento ingestivos dos animais. Abstract: This study had as objective to investigate the effect of different proportions of bulky:concentrate forages in sheep diets considering parameters of nutritional requirements of NRC 1985 and 2007 versions. Experimental tests were performed for intake and apparent digestibility, ruminal and blood parameters, animal performance and behavior. Twenty crossbred Santa Ines male sheep with four months of age and body weight (BW) of 19.5 ± 3.49 kg were used in a completely randomized design. Intake of dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter (OM), digestible DM and digestible OM were not affected by diets (P>0.05). Diets with 44:56, 48:52 and 52:48 ratios did not differ (P>0.05) and provided higher crude protein intake (gCP/kgBW0.75). It was observed a higher intake of digestible protein (DP) in diets above 40% roughage (P0.05). The highest values of ingested nitrogen intake (IN) were observed in RVC44:56 and RVC 48:52, while the highest N balance was observed in RVC44:56 treatment. It was observed a higher value of retained N in animals subjected to RVC27:73 diets. In RVC44:56, RVC48:52 and RVC52:48 diets, major N-NH3 concentrations were observed at time 2. Higher peak of serum urea were observed in animals fed diets RVC44:56 and RVC48:52. A higher pH in the rumen was observed in RVC48:52 if compared to the RVC27:73 and RVC52:48, which were similar to RVC44:56. Considering the intakes of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in g/kgBWPV0.75 and %BW, the highest values were obtained in RVC44:56, RVC48:52 and RVC52:48 treatments. There were no differences (P>0.05) for average daily weight gain (ADG) in g and feed efficiency. No differences were observed (P>0.05) for all evaluated parameters on ingestive behavior. In all diets were verified IS greater than 100% for average particle size (APS) between 8 and 1.8 mm. There were no differences (P> 0.05) for intake efficiency, rumination efficiency (RUE) of DM, RUENDF, total chewing time (TCT), number of ruminal portions (BOL), daily number of chews (MMnd) and number of mericic chews per bolus (MMnb). The higher digestibility of nutrients in diets with high proportion of concentrate does not imply in digestible nutrients increase. Diets with proportions of roughage close to that recommended by the NRC (2007) result in improvement, as the NDF content for perfect rumen function. Diets with 48% and 52% of roughage proportions present levels of NH3-N that can provide maximum microbial protein synthesis. Under the roughage proportions of 44%, 48% and 52% there is also increasing in seric urea supply which can subsequently be used for recycling of ruminal N. The higher amount of concentrate in RVC27:73 does not imply in greater GPDM. Diets above 40% roughage do not affect consumption and feed efficiency. The particle size of the diets did not affect consumption, performance and ingestive behavior of animals. Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-10T18:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CNPC2012UPA4.pdf: 523484 bytes, checksum: 13d8b3dd66525a97e212b64226eb39c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Sobral. Orientador: Marcos Cláudio Pinheiro Rogério (Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos).

O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de dietas contendo ou não a inclusão de farelo de castanha de caju (FCC) fornecido a cordeiros de diferentes grupos genéticos (½ sangue Dorper x SRD, ½ sangue Somalis x SRD e ½ sangue Santa Inês x SRD) sobre o comportamento ingestivo de dietas experimentais isoenergéticas e isoprotéicas contendo o referido subproduto. 18 ovinos machos inteiros foram alojados em gaiolas de metabolismo onde permaneceram durante todo o período experimental recebendo duas dietas experimentais. A dieta controle, constituída de feno de capim Aruana (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana), milho e farelo de soja. A dieta teste, constituída dos mesmos ingredientes da dieta controle mais a adição do FCC como substituto parcial do milho e do farelo de soja. As avaliações de comportamento foram feitas em um intervalo de 24 horas em medições realizadas a cada cinco minutos. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com três repetições por ratamento. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas mediante o uso do software SAEG 8.0 e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste SNK em nível de 5% de significância. Houve interação (P