309 results on '"H, Aubert"'
Search Results
2. Can online interfaces enhance learning for public decision-making? Eliciting citizens' preferences for multicriteria decision analysis.
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Alice H. Aubert, Sara Schmid, and Judit Lienert
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- 2024
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3. Development of multi-layer electrochromic polymer display for remotely tunable green-cyan contact lens
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A. Khaldi, H. Menez, Q. Murat, X. Sallenave, F. Vidal, P-H. Aubert, L. Dupont, and J-L. de Bougrenet de la Tocnaye
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Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
The design of the electrochromic component of an instrumented contact lens capable of dynamically modifying its color is presented. The device is based on two electrochromic pi-conjugated polymers (CPs) deposited on two electrodes separated by an electrolyte medium. Yellow and cyan electrochromic CPs with two color states are combined to provide a tuneable tint of the eye iris, from green to cyan. The device can switch from green, in which both electrodes are colored, to cyan, in which only the cyan electrode is colored. The additive microsystem process with successive assembling steps allowing the realization of the bichromatic cell in the scleral contact lens is presented, as well as the characterization of the colorimetry and switching dynamics.
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- 2024
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4. 3D Carbonaceous Foams Derived from High Internal Phase Emulsion for Energy Applications
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C. Jouanne, T. N. Pham‐Truong, C. Vancaeyzeele, F. N. Muya, K. Pokpas, P. G. L. Baker, and P. H. Aubert
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PolyHIPE synthesis ,porous carbonaceous monoliths ,functionalization ,supercapacitors ,batteries ,fuel-cells ,Industrial electrochemistry ,TP250-261 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract In recent years, there has been a notable increase in interest regarding monolithic porous polymers known as poly(High Internal Phase Emulsion) – poly(HIPE) – which are synthesized from high internal phase emulsions. This is due to their exceptional capability to produce three‐dimensional structures with substantial porosity. Nevertheless, the exploitation of this family of materials in energy‐driven applications is still limited, mainly because of their lack of conductivity. The exploration of conducting materials with 3D polymeric frameworks remains a promising avenue for research. In this context, pyrolysed poly(HIPE) seems to be the simplest and most cost‐effective strategy to directly transform a 3D polymer into a 3D conductive carbon foam, that is, carboHIPE. Currently, CarboHIPE and its derivatives are becoming alternatives to commercially available activated carbon/graphite or expensive graphene and carbon nanotube‐based materials. Accordingly, gaining insight into the formation of these materials is crucial to accelerate their use in commercial energy devices. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of various synthesis pathways utilized to modify the characteristics of CarboHIPEs, as well as the recent developments in their application as active components in energy‐based systems.
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- 2024
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5. Gamified environmental multi-criteria decision analysis: information on objectives and range insensitivity bias.
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Alice H. Aubert, Judit Lienert, and Bettina von Helversen
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- 2023
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6. Gamified online surveys: Assessing experience with self-determination theory.
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Alice H Aubert, Andreas Scheidegger, and Sara Schmid
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
We developed four online interfaces supporting citizen participation in decision-making. We included (1) learning loops (LLs), good practice in decision analysis, and (2) gamification, to enliven an otherwise long and tedious survey. We investigated the effects of these features on drop-out rate, perceived experience, and basic psychological needs (BPNs): autonomy, competence, and relatedness, all from self-determination theory. We also investigated how BPNs and individual causality orientation influence experience of the four interfaces. Answers from 785 respondents, representative of the Swiss German-speaking population in age and gender, provided insightful results. LLs and gamification increased drop-out rate. Experience was better explained by the BPN satisfaction than by the interface, and this was moderated by respondents' causality orientations. LLs increased the challenge, and gamification enhanced the social experience and playfulness. LLs frustrated all three needs, and gamification satisfied relatedness. Autonomy and relatedness both positively influenced the social experience, but competence was negatively correlated with challenge. All observed effects were small. Hence, using gamification for decision-making is questionable, and understanding individual variability is a prerequisite; this study has helped disentangle the diversity of responses to survey design options.
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- 2023
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7. Gamified online survey to elicit citizens' preferences and enhance learning for environmental decisions.
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Alice H. Aubert and Judit Lienert
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- 2019
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8. Gamifying quantitative face-to-face interviews in rural India: An empirical evaluation based on the basic psychological needs theory.
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Alice H Aubert and Max N D Friedrich
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ObjectiveStandardized face-to-face interviews are widely used in low and middle-income countries to collect data for social science and health research. Such interviews can be long and tedious. In an attempt to improve the respondents' experience of interviews, we developed a concept of gamified interview format by including a game element. Gamification is reported to increase engagement in tasks, but results from rigorously developed research are equivocal, and a theory of gamification is still needed.Materials & methodsWe evaluated the proposed gamification with a randomized controlled trial based on self-determination theory, specifically on the basic psychological needs theory. In total, 1266 respondents were interviewed. Single and multiple mediation analyses were used to understand the effects of the gamified interview format.ResultsOur evaluation showed that the gamification we had developed did not improve the outcome, the experience of the interview reported by respondent. The effect of the gamified interview format depended on the ability of respondents: gamification can be counterproductive if it overburdens the respondents. However, the basic psychological needs theory explained the mechanisms of action of gamification well: feeling competent and related to others improved the reported experience of the interview.ConclusionWe emphasize the need to develop context-specific gamification and invite researchers to conduct equivalently rigorous evaluations of gamification in future studies.
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- 2021
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9. ValueDecisions, a web app to support decisions with conflicting objectives, multiple stakeholders, and uncertainty.
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Fridolin Haag, Alice H. Aubert, and Judit Lienert
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- 2022
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10. A review of water-related serious games to specify use in environmental Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis.
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Alice H. Aubert, René Bauer, and Judit Lienert
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- 2018
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11. Innovative online survey about sustainable wastewater management: What young Swiss citizens know and value
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Alice H. Aubert, Sara Schmid, Philipp Beutler, and Judit Lienert
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Geography, Planning and Development ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law - Published
- 2022
12. Recommendations for online elicitation of swing weights from citizens in environmental decision-making
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Alice H. Aubert, Fabien Esculier, and Judit Lienert
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Behavioural Operational Research ,OR in environment and climate change ,Learning ,Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis ,Decision Support System ,Public participation ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
There is a growing demand for public participation in environmental decision-making. However, it is unclear how a large number of citizens can best engage in such complex public policy decision processes. This need from the civil society challenges the OR community to develop online decision-making tools. This article reports on a feasibility assessment of swing weight elicitation, implemented online, for real-world decisions about future wastewater infrastructure. Eliciting weights with the swing method is common in MAVT/MAUT, but not online. A total of 298 affected citizens from the Paris region answered the online swing weight elicitation survey. Another 357 citizens directly rated objectives. Three aspects of learning in the context of MCDA were considered: did participants learn facts about the wastewater topic? Did they comply with the swing elicitation process, i.e. follow the instructions? Did participants learn about their preferences? Factual learning was limited. Process compliance was really low (12%), leading to a number of recommendations for improving the interface for online swing weight elicitation. The collected preferences differed statistically significantly between the compliant and non-compliant participants, and also between the non-compliant and direct rating respondents. This emphasised the effect of the elicitation method on preference construction. Moreover, more participants experienced a strengthening of pre-existing opinions than a change in opinion, and most reported being uncertain about their answers. This calls for better understanding process learning and preference construction. We discuss our developed procedure for online swing weight elicitation, recommend ways to improve swing online surveys, and suggest interesting future research lines that would allow empirically verifying our propositions.
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- 2020
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13. Treatment of Eosinophilic Annular Erythema: Retrospective multicenter study and literature review
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M. Bernier, M. Musquer, M. Chastagner, Matthieu Groh, Marisa Battistella, Jean-David Bouaziz, Delphine Staumont-Sallé, J. Shourik, Marie Jachiet, François Chasset, Lydia Deschamps, J. Kanikatis, Guillaume Lefèvre, Vincent Descamps, Denis Jullien, Olivier Chosidow, Nicolas Ortonne, Axel Patrice Villani, J.-B. Gibier, and H. Aubert
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Skin Diseases, Genetic ,Hydroxychloroquine ,Dermatology ,Disease ,Dapsone ,medicine.disease ,Annular erythema ,Rare Diseases ,Multicenter study ,Refractory ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Erythema ,Eosinophilia ,Eosinophilic cellulitis ,Eosinophilic ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Eosinophilic annular erythema (EAE) is a rare eosinophil-related skin disease which typically manifests with annular erythematous plaques and severe pruritus. Besides the diagnosis, the treatment of EAE is challenging since relevant published data are sparse. Methods The aim of this study was to assess the underlying diseases, treatments and outcomes of patients with EAE. To this end, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study and a systematic review of the MEDLINE database. Results We included 18 patients with EAE followed in 8 centers. The MEDLINE database search yielded 37 relevant publications reporting 55 cases of EAE with 106 treatment sequences. The most common and efficient treatments included topical or systemic corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine and dapsone. In refractory patients, a combination of systemic corticosteroids with hydroxychloroquine was associated with 88% of complete clinical response. Discussion To improve the management of EAE patients, we discuss the following treatment strategy: in topical steroid-resistant patients, hydroxychloroquine can be given as first-line systemic treatment. Dapsone, hydroxychloroquine or systemic corticosteroids are second-line options to consider. Last, monoclonal antibodies or JAK inhibitors targeting type 2 inflammation could represent promising last-resort options in refractory patients.
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- 2022
14. A prosa de Catão: historiografia e oratória
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E. H. AUBERT
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- 2023
15. A French hydrologist’s research for sustainable agriculture
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Rémi Dupas, Ophélie Fovet, Alice H. Aubert, Alain Crave, Jordy Salmon-Monviola, Jérôme Molénat, Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier
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Water quality ,Climate ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Agriculture ,[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology ,Catchment ,Groundwater ,Modelling ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
International audience; Here we highlight the career contributions of Chantal Gascuel-Odoux in hydrology, soil science and agronomy. These contributions are divided into four main categories: i) Influence of soil and subsoil properties on hydrological processes; ii) Water, solute and particulate transfer at the catchment scale; iii) Design of integrated approaches to landscapes and territorial management; iv) Contributions to public policies and public debates. We conclude by emphasising Chantal’s human qualities, which we particularly appreciate as former mentees.
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- 2023
16. Traitements combinés biothérapies – traitements systémiques classiques chez les enfants atteints de psoriasis sévère. Données en vie courante à partir des cohortes BiPe, et enquête de pratiques chez les dermatologues pédiatres français et italiens
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E. Mahé, A. Beauchet, S. Hadj-Rabia, J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, S. Mallet, A. Phan, M. Severino Freire, F. Boralévi, H. Aubert, H. Barthélémy, C. Girard, L. Martin, M. Piram, S. Barbarot, X. Balguérie, J. Zitouni, C. Phan, V. Di Lernia, CH Victor Dupouy, Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Service de dermatologie [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CHU de Marseille, CHU Marseille, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), CHU Sainte Justine [Montréal], Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Service de Dermatologie [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova [Reggio Emilia, Italy]
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Abstract
International audience; IntroductionLes traitements combinés sont l’association de médicaments utilisés principalement pour augmenter l’efficacité et réduire la toxicité de chaque médicament pris isolément. Dans le psoriasis sévère cutané ou articulaire chez l’adulte, la combinaison de traitements systémiques habituels avec des biothérapies est fréquente (12 % dans le registre PsoBioTeq), et chez l’enfant dans l’arthrite juvénile idiopathique et les maladies inflammatoires de l’intestin. De rares données (cas cliniques) sont disponibles chez l’enfant souffrant de psoriasis sévère.L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer en pratique quotidienne l’utilisation des combinaisons de traitements systémiques habituels et de biothérapies chez les enfants souffrant de psoriasis sévère : schémas d’utilisation, efficacité, sécurité.Matériel et méthodesÉtude en deux étapes : évaluation des thérapies combinées chez les 170 enfants inclus dans les cohortes franco-italiennes BiPe. Les enfants devaient avoir reçu pendant au moins 1 mois acitrétine, méthotrexate, ou cyclosporine avec une biothérapie ; et une enquête menée en avril 2022 auprès des dermatologues français et italiens (SFDP, GrPso, SIDerP) pour mieux comprendre les motivations à utiliser ou non ces combinaisons.RésultatsAu total, 33 enfants (19,4 %) inclus dans 13 centres ont cumulé 48 associations thérapeutiques (durée cumulée totale : 43,6 ans), dont trois cas de trithérapies (acitrétine-méthotrexate et inhibiteur du TNF-alpha). Les formes sévères de psoriasis étaient surreprésentées : psoriasis arthropathique (27,3 %), palmoplantaire (21,1 %), érythrodermique (6,1 %) ou pustuleux (6,1 %). Quatorze associations différentes ont été utilisées incluant les trois systémiques conventionnels et étanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, ustékinumab et sécukinumab. Les quatre associations les plus fréquentes étaient étanercept-acitrétine (n = 10), adalimumab-acitrétine (n = 7), adalimumab-méthotrexate (n = 5), et ustékinumab-méthotrexate (n = 5). Les combinaisons ont été utilisées à l’initiation du traitement biologique dans 41 cas (85,4 %), et les 7 autres cas après une période de monothérapie du biologique. Les scores PGA et PASI moyens entre le début du traitement et M3 ont diminué pour toutes les associations. Quatre événements indésirables graves ont été rapportés (3 infections et 1 urticaire) toujours avec une évolution favorable.Soixante et un dermatologues ont répondu à l’enquête, 39 (63,9 %) avaient déjà utilisé ou prévu d’utiliser des associations, principalement des inhibiteurs du TNF-alpha avec de l’acitrétine ou du méthotrexate. La principale motivation était d’optimiser le traitement biologique en cas d’efficacité partielle ou de perte d’efficacité.DiscussionLes combinaisons de traitements sont finalement fréquemment utilisées dans le psoriasis de l’enfant, avec une grande variabilité des situations cliniques et des associations, sans toxicité significative. Leur place éventuelle dans la prise en charge du psoriasis de l’enfant reste à préciser : switchs progressifs en initiation de traitement (éviter une poussée, ou optimisation du systémique), de psoriasis difficiles à traiter, les psoriasis cutanés avec rhumatisme psoriasique associé, optimisation d’une biothérapie…
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- 2022
17. Citizens AND HYdrology (CANDHY): on the application of a transdisciplinary framework for assessing citizen science projects addressing hydrological challenges
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Fernando Nardi, Christophe Cudennec, Tommaso Abrate, Antonio Annis, Thaine H. Assumpção, Alice H. Aubert, Dominique Berod, Alessio Maria Braccini, Wouter Buytaert, Antara Dasgupta, David M. Hannah, Maurizio Mazzoleni, Maria J. Polo, Øystein Sæbø, Jan Seibert, Flavia Tauro, Rita Teutonico, Stefan Uhlenbrook, Cristina Wahrmann Vargas, and Salvatore Grimaldi
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Earth and water monitoring and observation systems provide open geo data to scientists and professionals supporting distributed knowledge of major hydromet dynamics and extremes. Mobile technologies, at the same time, are empowering citizens who are nowadays informed and involved in volunteering actions designed and implemented to make our communities more safe and sustainable. Citizen science, as a consequence, is gaining momentum empowering the general public, from the “pleasure of doing science” to complementing observations, increasing scientific literacy, and supporting collaborative behaviour to solve specific water-related challenges. This work illustrates a conceptual transdisciplinary assessment model that was designed with the goal of standardizing the use of citizen science for advancing hydrology. This work was promoted by the Citizens AND HYdrology (CANDHY) Working Group established by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS), and that is composed by a diverse group of hydrological, computer and social science experts. A community paper (Nardi et al., in press) presented the conceptualization of this transdisciplinary framework by identifying the shared constituents, interfaces and interlinkages between hydrological sciences and other academic and non-academic disciplines. Particular emphasis was given to the integration of human sensing and behavioural mechanisms into citizen science programs addressing hydrological problems. The proposed CANDHY transdisciplinary framework is here further tested and applied to assess some selected citizen science programs to understand the knowledge gaps and opportunities arising from ongoing citizen science programs. This comparative assessment shows some interesting preliminary results demonstrating the capacity of the proposed framework in homogenizing and accumulating knowledge from the collaboration of diverse participatory programs addressing similar or complementary hydrological challenges. Nardi F. et al., in press. Citizens AND HYdrology (CANDHY): conceptualizing a transdisciplinary framework for citizen science addressing hydrological challenges. Hydrological Sciences Journal, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2020.1849707
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- 2022
18. Gamified environmental multi‐criteria decision analysis: information on objectives and range insensitivity bias
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Alice H. Aubert, Bettina Von Helversen, and Judit Lienert
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Management of Technology and Innovation ,Strategy and Management ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Business and International Management ,Computer Science Applications - Published
- 2022
19. Un ecthyma gangréneux à Escherichia coli révélant une leucémie aiguë myéloïde
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M. Daude, C. Paugam, and H. Aubert
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Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
20. Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp in 2 children following burns
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N, Jacob, H, Aubert, P, Ridel, V, Tsimba, P, Perrot, and S, Barbarot
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Dermatology - Published
- 2022
21. Utilisation des traitements systémiques pour la prise en charge du psoriasis modéré à sévère : consensus d’experts par méthode DELPHI
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F. Poizeau, S. Leducq, B. Guillot, M. Beylot-Barry, G. Chaby, M. Chastagner, F. Corgibet, L. Gouillon, D. Jullien, A. Acher, F. Amatore, J.M. Amici, H. Aubert, F. Aubin, N. Beneton, D. Bouilly, A.C. Bursztejn, C. Buzenet, M. Chamaillard-Pujol, J. Charles, A.C. Cottencin-Charriere, M.B. Duval, A. Fauconneau, A.C. Fougerousse, C. Girard, C. Goujon, A. Khemis, Y. Le Ru, C. Lepelley-Dupont, E. Mahé, X. Marcellin, C. Nicolas, V. Pallure, J. Parier, C. Paul, N. Quiles, M.A. Richard, P.E. Stoebner, M. Tauber, A. Vermersch, M. Viguier, A. Villani, O. Chosidow, and L. Fardet
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Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
22. Efficacité d’une intervention d’éducation thérapeutique courte par une infirmière dans la dermatite atopique de l’enfant. Étude randomisée contrôlée multicentrique
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S. Barbarot, H. Aubert, M.A. Vibet, M. Leray, F. Elan, L. Meneron, J.F. Stalder, J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, A. Phan, C. Droitcourt, A.C. Bursztejn, F. Boralévi, C. Chiaverini, N. Raison Peyron, A. Lasek, L. Misery, C. Abasq, and S. Mallet
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Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
23. Towards a Framework for Designing and Assessing Game-Based Approaches for Sustainable Water Governance
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Alice H. Aubert, Wietske Medema, and Arjen E. J. Wals
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gamification ,serious games ,water governance ,stakeholder participation ,sustainability ,Hydraulic engineering ,TC1-978 ,Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,TD201-500 - Abstract
Most of the literature on serious games and gamification calls for a shift from evaluating practices to using theories to assess them. While the former is necessary to justify using game-based approaches, the latter enables understanding “why” game-based approaches are beneficial (or not). Based on earlier review papers and the papers in this special issue of Water entitled “Understanding game-based approaches for improving sustainable water governance: the potential of serious games to solve water problems”, we show that game-based approaches in a water governance context are relatively diverse. In particular, the expected aims, targeted audience, and spatial and temporal scales are factors that differentiate game-based approaches. These factors also strongly influence the design of game-based approaches and the research developed to assess them. We developed a framework to guide and reflect on the design and assessment of game-based approaches, and we suggest opportunities for future research. In particular, we highlight the lack of game-based approaches that can support “society-driven” sustainable water governance.
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- 2019
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24. Solute transport dynamics in small, shallow groundwater-dominated agricultural catchments: insights from a high-frequency, multisolute 10 yr-long monitoring study
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A. H. Aubert, C. Gascuel-Odoux, G. Gruau, N. Akkal, M. Faucheux, Y. Fauvel, C. Grimaldi, Y. Hamon, A. Jaffrézic, M. Lecoz-Boutnik, J. Molénat, P. Petitjean, L. Ruiz, and P. Merot
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Technology ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
High-frequency, long-term and multisolute measurements are required to assess the impact of human pressures on water quality due to (i) the high temporal and spatial variability of climate and human activity and (ii) the fact that chemical solutes combine short- and long-term dynamics. Such data series are scarce. This study, based on an original and unpublished time series from the Kervidy-Naizin headwater catchment (Brittany, France), aims to determine solute transfer processes and dynamics that characterise this strongly human-impacted catchment. The Kervidy-Naizin catchment is a temperate, intensive agricultural catchment, hydrologically controlled by shallow groundwater. Over 10 yr, five solutes (nitrate, sulphate, chloride, and dissolved organic and inorganic carbon) were monitored daily at the catchment outlet and roughly every four months in the shallow groundwater. The concentrations of all five solutes showed seasonal variations but the patterns of the variations differed from one solute to another. Nitrate and chloride exhibit rather smooth variations. In contrast, sulphate as well as organic and inorganic carbon is dominated by flood flushes. The observed nitrate and chloride patterns are typical of an intensive agricultural catchment hydrologically controlled by shallow groundwater. Nitrate and chloride originating mainly from organic fertilisers accumulated over several years in the shallow groundwater. They are seasonally exported when upland groundwater connects with the stream during the wet season. Conversely, sulphate as well as organic and inorganic carbon patterns are not specific to agricultural catchments. These solutes do not come from fertilisers and do not accumulate in soil or shallow groundwater; instead, they are biogeochemically produced in the catchment. The results allowed development of a generic classification system based on the specific temporal patterns and source locations of each solute. It also considers the stocking period and the dominant process that limits transport to the stream, i.e. the connectivity of the stocking compartment. This mechanistic classification can be applied to any chemical solute to help assess its origin, storage or production location and transfer mechanism in similar catchments.
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- 2013
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25. New Seasonal Shift in In-Stream Diurnal Nitrate Cycles Identified by Mining High-Frequency Data.
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Alice H Aubert and Lutz Breuer
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The recent development of in-situ monitoring devices, such as UV-spectrometers, makes the study of short-term stream chemistry variation relevant, especially the study of diurnal cycles, which are not yet fully understood. Our study is based on high-frequency data from an agricultural catchment (Studienlandschaft Schwingbachtal, Germany). We propose a novel approach, i.e. the combination of cluster analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis, to mine from these data nitrate behavior patterns. As a result, we observe a seasonality of nitrate diurnal cycles, that differs from the most common cycle seasonality described in the literature, i.e. pre-dawn peaks in spring. Our cycles appear in summer and the maximum and minimum shift to a later time in late summer/autumn. This is observed both for water- and energy-limited years, thus potentially stressing the role of evapotranspiration. This concluding hypothesis on the role of evapotranspiration on nitrate stream concentration, which was obtained through data mining, broadens the perspective on the diurnal cycling of stream nitrate concentrations.
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- 2016
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26. Tattoo complications in treated and non‐treated psoriatic patients
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E. Mahé, S. Marc, C. Grodner, B. Solyga, J. Delaunay, A. Beauchet, M. Kemula, Nicolas Kluger, J.-L. Perrot, Anne-Claire Fougerousse, C. Jacobzone, J. Parier, Céline Girard, P. Bilan, C. Boulard, H. Barthelemy, M. Ruer-Mulard, D. Bouilly-Auvray, H. Aubert, Nathalie Beneton, M. Steff, Guillaume Chaby, L. Mery-Bossard, François Maccari, A.‐L. Liégeon, D. Pourchot, A. Vermersch-Langlin, Ab. Duval-Modeste, N. Quiles-Tsimaratos, D. Thomas-Beaulieu, HUS Inflammation Center, Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University of Helsinki, and Clinicum
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,BLACK ,Koebner phenomenon ,Dermatology ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Psoriasis ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Tattooing ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,SERIES ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Infectious Diseases ,DEMOGRAPHICS ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,Granuloma ,Superinfection ,Female ,France ,Objective information ,business - Abstract
Background Tattooing is a widespread phenomenon, with an estimated prevalence of 10-30% in Western populations. For psoriasis patients, current recommendations are to avoid having a tattoo if the disease is active and they are receiving immunosuppressive treatments. Although scientific data supporting these recommendations are lacking, dermatologists are often reluctant to advocate tattooing in psoriasis patients. Objective We aimed to evaluate the frequency of tattoo complications in patients with psoriasis and determine whether the occurrence of complications was associated with psoriasis status and treatments received at the time of tattooing. Methods We performed a multicentre cross-sectional study. Adults with psoriasis were consecutively included and classified as tattooed or non-tattooed. Prevalence of complications associated with tattoos was then evaluated according to psoriasis onset and treatments. The study was divided into three parts, in which data were collected through a series of questionnaires filled in by the dermatologist. Complications included pruritus, oedema, allergic reaction/eczema, infection/superinfection, granuloma, lichenification, photosensitivity, Koebner phenomenon and psoriasis flare after tattooing. Diagnosis of complications was made retrospectively. Results We included 2053 psoriatic patients, 20.2% had 894 tattoos. Amongst non-tattooed patients, 15.4% had wished to be tattooed, with psoriasis being stated as a reason for not having a tattoo by 44.0% and 5.7% indicating that they planned to have a tattoo in the future. Local complications, such as oedema, pruritus, allergy and Koebner phenomenon, were reported in tattoos in 6.6%, most frequently in patients with psoriasis requiring treatment at the time of tattooing (P
- Published
- 2020
27. Citizens AND HYdrology (CANDHY) : conceptualizing a transdisciplinary framework for citizen science addressing hydrological challenges
- Author
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Rita Teutonico, Wouter Buytaert, Florian Teichert, Maurizio Mazzoleni, Dominique Berod, Cristina Wahrmann Vargas, Antonio Annis, Øystein Sæbø, María José Polo, Alessio Maria Braccini, Antara Dasgupta, Tommaso Abrate, Salvatore Grimaldi, Christophe Cudennec, Alice H. Aubert, Fernando Nardi, Stefan Uhlenbrook, Candice Allouch, Thaine H. Assumpção, David M. Hannah, Flavia Tauro, and Jan Seibert
- Subjects
Policy making ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources ,02 engineering and technology ,Oceanografi, hydrologi och vattenresurser ,Crowdsourcing ,Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources ,Hydrology (agriculture) ,Transdisciplinarity ,Political science ,Regional planning ,citizen science ,Citizen science ,Information system ,Environmental planning ,Water Science and Technology ,Data collection ,business.industry ,transdisciplinarity ,human behaviour ,human sensors ,020801 environmental engineering ,Citizens AND HYdrology (CandHy) ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_MISCELLANEOUS ,unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) ,crowdsourcing ,business ,volunteered geographic information (VGI) - Abstract
Widely available digital technologies are empowering citizens who are increasingly well informed and involved in numerous water, climate, and environmental challenges. Citizen science can serve many different purposes, from the "pleasure of doing science" to complementing observations, increasing scientific literacy, and supporting collaborative behaviour to solve specific water management problems. Still, procedures on how to incorporate citizens' knowledge effectively to inform policy and decision-making are lagging behind. Moreover, general conceptual frameworks are unavailable, preventing the widespread uptake of citizen science approaches for more participatory cross-sectorial water governance. In this work, we identify the shared constituents, interfaces, and interlinkages between hydrological sciences and other academic and non-academic disciplines in addressing water issues. Our goal is to conceptualize a transdisciplinary framework for valuing citizen science and advancing the hydrological sciences. Joint efforts between hydrological, computer, and social sciences are envisaged for integrating human sensing and behavioural mechanisms into the framework. Expanding opportunities of online communities complement the fundamental value of on-site surveying and indigenous knowledge. This work is promoted by the Citizens AND HYdrology (CANDHY) Working Group established by the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS).
- Published
- 2022
28. Syndromes avec malformations vasculaires cutanées hypertrophiques associés aux mutations du gène PIK3R1
- Author
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C. Engel, M. Laeng, J. Martel, J. Piard, B. Isidor, A. Phan, O. Boccara, D. Bessis, F. Morice-Picard, H. Ott, A.M. Guerot, J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, A. Maruani, E. Puzenat, H. Aubert, L. Faivre, P. Kuentz, and P. Vabres
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
29. Syndrome thymoma associated multi-organ auto-immunity (TAMA) : une cause d’érythrodermie paranéoplasique
- Author
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N. Jacob, H. Aubert, C. Paugam, and S. Barbarot
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
30. Intérêt du dupilumab dans les eczémas sévères associés aux déficits immunitaires primitifs
- Author
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E.P. Libert, C. Thomas, H. Aubert, and S. Barbarot
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
31. Intertrigo inter-orteil érosif : aspect clinique et prise en charge thérapeutique
- Author
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N. Jacob, H. Aubert, R. Olivia, V. Guardiole, and P.A. Gourraud
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
32. Capillarite purpurique granulomateuse : une forme histologique rare
- Author
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A. Anelli, S. Le Naour, E.L. Juliette, H. Aubert, B. Cribier, and S. Barbarot
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2022
33. Gamified online survey to elicit citizens’ preferences and enhance learning for environmental decisions
- Author
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Judit Lienert and Alice H. Aubert
- Subjects
021103 operations research ,Environmental Engineering ,Ecological Modeling ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Applied psychology ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Qualitative property ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Multiple-criteria decision analysis ,01 natural sciences ,Preference ,Originality ,Learning theory ,Preference elicitation ,Affordance ,Psychology ,Software ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Decision analysis ,media_common - Abstract
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) requires a critical step, namely to elicit individual preferences. On the basis of learning theories, we formalize preference construction as learning about facts and values, and as a process; we also conceptualize an online preference elicitation survey that offers learning loops to increase factual learning and support preference construction. Another originality is gamification. Game elements (a narrative and non-player characters as motivational affordance) keep respondents engaged in the demanding task of weight elicitation. Our tool enables broad public participation in MCDA, allowing reliable online preference elicitation. The survey concept was tested with 107 students and a control treatment. Quantitative and qualitative data indicate that the concept works. Participants’ factual knowledge increased. The survey helped students to learn about their own preferences concerning the importance of objectives. The practical implication is that weighting can be reliably elicited by online surveys. Participants reported a positive experience; further ways to improve it are thoroughly discussed.
- Published
- 2019
34. Dose spacing and reduction strategies in biotherapies for stable, clear or almost clear psoriasis: A survey of practices in France
- Author
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H. Aubert, E. Mahé, A.-C. Fougerousse, F. Maccari, and N. Beneton
- Subjects
Biological Therapy ,Humans ,Psoriasis ,Dermatology ,France - Published
- 2021
35. A fidelidade no processo e no produto do traduzir
- Author
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Francis H. Aubert
- Subjects
Romanic languages ,PC1-5498 ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Sem resumo
- Published
- 2012
36. Gamifying and evaluating problem structuring: A card game workshop for generating decision objectives
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Alice H. Aubert, Jennifer McConville, Sara Schmid, and Judit Lienert
- Subjects
Statistics and Probability ,Computational Mathematics ,Social Sciences Interdisciplinary (Peace and Conflict Research and Studies on Sustainable Society) ,Interaction Technologies ,Applied Mathematics ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,General Decision Sciences - Abstract
Serious games, gamification, or game-based interventions are increasingly used as tools to aid participatory decision-making processes, but their evaluation is often not very rigorous. Therefore, it is still unclear whether game-based interventions are really beneficial. We focused on the following overarching question: how effective are game-based interventions specifically designed to support decision-making processes. We used an illustrative case to reflect on this question. Using a published framework proposing that design processes of game-based interventions and their evaluation are intertwined, we designed simultaneously (1) a game-based intervention, specifically a card game and a workshop structure in which this card game is to be used, and (2) its evaluation procedure, formulating evaluation questions and proposing measure instruments based on the literature. We pre-tested the evaluation procedure in a small pilot study with 10 students. We illustrate the use of the design framework for an intervention to generate objectives in a decision-making process about sustainable wastewater management. Through our illustrative case, we identify future research opportunities about designing game-based interventions and evaluating their effectiveness. We found that it is possible to address the dual challenge of game-based interventions for participatory decision-making processes: (1) designing an informative and engaging game-based intervention without telling participants what to think and (2) designing a tailored evaluation procedure. Designing the game-based intervention and its evaluation simultaneously is valuable, because both are strongly intertwined. However, conducting the evaluation is demanding and requires the collaborative efforts of scientists, including across disciplinary boundaries. For instance, the data collection effort could be distributed among different research groups to increase sample size. This would allow including control treatment(s) and covering the variation span of the confounding factors more broadly. All material is made openly available to foster collaborative future research.
- Published
- 2022
37. A review of water-related serious games to specify use in environmental Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
- Author
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Judit Lienert, René Bauer, and Alice H. Aubert
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Computer science ,Ecological Modeling ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,Rationality ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Multiple-criteria decision analysis ,01 natural sciences ,Preference ,020801 environmental engineering ,Terminology ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Citizen science ,Stakeholder analysis ,Preference elicitation ,Software ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Decision analysis - Abstract
Serious games and gamification are nowadays pervasive. They are used to communicate about science and sometimes to involve citizens in science (e.g. citizen science). Concurrently, environmental decision analysis is challenged by the high cognitive load of the decision-making process and the possible biases threatening the rationality assumptions. Difficult decision-making processes can result in incomplete preference construction, and are generally limited to few participants. We reviewed 43 serious games and gamified applications related to water. We covered the broad diversity of serious games, which could be explained by the still unsettled terminology in the research area of gamification and serious gaming. We discuss how existing games could benefit early steps of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), including problem structuring, stakeholder analysis, defining objectives, and exploring alternatives. We argue that no existing game allows for preference elicitation; one of the most challenging steps of MCDA. We propose many research opportunities for behavioral operational research.
- Published
- 2018
38. Les critères d’efficacité pour l’évaluation de la réussite du traitement
- Author
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H. Aubert
- Subjects
Ocean Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Abstract
Resume L’evaluation de la severite du psoriasis est une problematique complexe qui doit evaluer plusieurs dimensions : la severite clinique et le retentissement de la maladie (qualite de vie). Le plus souvent cette evaluation est realisee dans les essais cliniques. Le score de severite le plus utilise est le score PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index). Les scores utilises dans les essais ne sont pas les plus faciles a utiliser en pratique clinique quotidienne. En effet, le score PASI par exemple n’est pas tres adapte pour l’evaluation de faibles surfaces cutanees. Cependant les scores ont egalement un interet en pratique clinique. Des scores plus adaptes a la pratique clinique quotidienne ont ete developpes, comme le score SPI (Simplified Psoriasis Index) qui evalue la severite clinique, le retentissement et l’histoire du psoriasis. Les auto-scores destines aux patients sont de plus en plus souvent realises car ils permettent une evaluation plus precise de l’evolution de la maladie lorsqu’ils sont bien correles aux scores objectifs. Les scores et les auto-scores peuvent nous aider a mieux evaluer la severite clinique au cours du temps et ses variations, ainsi que la severite ressentie, afin de prendre la bonne decision therapeutique. © 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. Tous droits reserves.
- Published
- 2021
39. Physiopathologie de la dermatite atopique
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S. Barbarot and H. Aubert
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Skin barrier ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Acquired immune system ,Pathophysiology ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hygiene hypothesis ,Immunology ,medicine ,Microbiome ,business ,Filaggrin - Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial disease due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in AD are multiple: innate functional abnormality in the skin barrier partly linked to mutations of the filaggrin, a major structural protein of the skin; and genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity; Finally, the model of the hygiene theory has been clarified in recent years: environmental factors alter the diversity of skin and digestive microbiomes, and this diversity seems to play a major role in the development of atopy.
- Published
- 2017
40. Dermatitis atópica
- Author
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S. Barbarot, H. Aubert, C. Bernier, and J.-F. Stalder
- Published
- 2016
41. [Cutaneous hypereosinophilia… Hypereosinophilic syndromes]
- Author
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H, Aubert, M, Hamidou, S, Barbarot, N, Piriou, M, Lefebvre, and A, Néel
- Subjects
Heart Diseases ,Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ,Humans ,Skin Diseases - Published
- 2019
42. Towards a framework for designing and assessing game-based approaches for sustainable water governance
- Author
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Wietske Medema, Arjen E. J. Wals, and Alice H. Aubert
- Subjects
Serious games ,lcsh:Hydraulic engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Computer science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0207 environmental engineering ,Context (language use) ,WASS ,02 engineering and technology ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes ,lcsh:TC1-978 ,Stakeholder participation ,Education and Learning Sciences ,020701 environmental engineering ,Temporal scales ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,lcsh:TD201-500 ,Management science ,Corporate governance ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Gamification ,Sustainability ,Onderwijs- en leerwetenschappen ,Game based ,Water governance - Abstract
Most of the literature on serious games and gamification calls for a shift from evaluating practices to using theories to assess them. While the former is necessary to justify using game-based approaches, the latter enables understanding “why” game-based approaches are beneficial (or not). Based on earlier review papers and the papers in this special issue of Water entitled “Understanding game-based approaches for improving sustainable water governance: the potential of serious games to solve water problems”, we show that game-based approaches in a water governance context are relatively diverse. In particular, the expected aims, targeted audience, and spatial and temporal scales are factors that differentiate game-based approaches. These factors also strongly influence the design of game-based approaches and the research developed to assess them. We developed a framework to guide and reflect on the design and assessment of game-based approaches, and we suggest opportunities for future research. In particular, we highlight the lack of game-based approaches that can support “society-driven” sustainable water governance.
- Published
- 2019
43. Motifs temporels de la qualité de l'eau. Analyse d'une décennie de données haute-fréquence mesurées dans un observatoire agro-hydrologique
- Author
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Chantal Gascuel-Odoux, Alice H. Aubert, and Philippe Merot
- Subjects
Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Le present article est une synthese de doctorat, portant sur l'analyse de donnees issues du bassin versant agricole Kervidy-Naizin, appartenant a l'Observatoire de Recherche en Environnement (ORE) AgrHys. Des 2000, face aux enjeux de la qualite de l'eau et du changement climatique, le site a beneficie d'un suivi hydrologique et chimique particulierement fin. Les travaux presentes ci-apres sont la premiere exploration de l'ensemble des chroniques longues de 12 ans du site de Kervidy-Naizin. Ces chroniques remarquables ont permis de repondre aux questions suivantes : quels sont les processus hydrologiques qui controlent les exportations de solutes dans le bassin versant ? Comment la dynamique temporelle d'humectation du bassin influence ces processus dominants ?Quatre methodes originales d'analyse fonctionnelle du bassin versant ont permis de repondre, en etudiant les trois niveaux de variabilite temporelle : la crue, la saisonnalite et les variations interannuelles. Ainsi, un modele conceptuel d'exportation des solutes a quatre compartiments est propose pour expliquer la diversite des dynamiques d'exportation dans ce bassin. Ces resultats montrent une structuration temporelle du signal de qualite de l'eau. Le signal, marque pour certains solutes par l'activite agricole intensive, est domine par la saisonnalite et varie sensiblement selon les conditions hydrometeorologiques de l'annee, et notamment le changement d'etat d'humidite du bassin.
- Published
- 2015
44. Efficacité et tolérance de l’interféron-alpha dans les syndromes hyperéosinophiliques. Étude rétrospective, multicentrique sur 29 patients
- Author
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Mathilde Hunault-Berger, Bernard Bonnotte, H. Charlanne, P. De Malglaive, C. Morati-Hafsaoui, H. Aubert, Sébastien Trouillier, M. Groh, Julien Seneschal, Guillaume Lefèvre, J.F. Guichard, and Jean-Emmanuel Kahn
- Subjects
Gastroenterology ,Internal Medicine - Abstract
Introduction Les syndromes hypereosinophiliques (SHE) sont une entite rare, potentiellement grave, au cours de laquelle il existe peu d’options therapeutiques. Les traitements habituellement recommandes dans les formes non liees a la deletion FIP1L1/PDGFRA sont les corticoides et en cas d’echec l’interferon-alpha (IFN-α), l’hydroxyuree ou le mepolizumab (dans un cadre protocolaire). Les donnees de la litterature sous-tendant l’utilisation de l’IFN-α au cours des SHE sont limitees a de petites series avec un suivi a court terme. Patients et methodes Nous avons realise une etude multicentrique, retrospective, descriptive, visant a evaluer l’efficacite et la tolerance de l’IFN-α au cours des SHE non lies a FIP1L1/PDGFRA. Les reponses hematologiques complete (RHC : eosinophiles Resultats Vingt-neuf patients (dont 9 femmes) d’âge moyen au diagnostic 38 ± 13 ans ont ete inclus. Quinze patients (52 %) avaient un SHE idiopathique, 10 (34 %) un SHE lymphoide, et 4 (14 %) un SHE clonal. Les manifestations cliniques les plus frequentes etaient l’atteinte cutanee (69 %) et l’atteinte digestive (31 %). L’IFN-α etait utilise sous forme pegylee chez 16 patients a une dose moyenne de 113 ± 45 μg/semaine et sous forme non pegylee chez 13 patients a une dose moyenne de 12 ± 9 MUI/semaine. Un mois apres le debut de l’IFN-α, 24 patients (83 %) etaient repondeurs dont 16 en RHC. A 1 an, 16 patients etaient toujours sous IFN-α dont 9 etaient en RHC et 7 en RHP. Le traitement par IFN-a etait associe a une baisse notable de la dose journaliere moyenne de prednisone de 20 ± 16 mg/j avant traitement, a 11 ± 6 mg/j a 6 mois et a 9 ± 9 mg/j a 1 an. Apres une duree mediane de 15 mois (1 a 161 mois), 21 patients (72 %) ont interrompu l’IFN-α suite aux effets indesirables (27 %) ou a une perte d’efficacite (31 %). Au terme du recueil, 8 patients etaient encore sous IFN-α avec une duree mediane de traitement de 21,5 mois (3 a 161 mois) dont 6 en RHC et 2 en RHP. Chez 7 d’entre eux, l’IFN-α pegyle etait utilise a la dose d’entretien mediane de 50 μg/semaine avec maintien d’une epargne cortisonique (dose journaliere mediane de prednisone a 5,5 mg/j). Conclusion L’IFN-α apparait comme etant un traitement efficace des SHE corticoresistants ou corticodependants non lies a la deletion FIP1L1/PDGFRA. Son efficacite peut se maintenir au long cours et a faible dose chez pres d’un quart des patients avec une bonne tolerance. Neanmoins une perte d’efficacite ou des effets indesirables justifient l’arret de l’IFN-α dans la majorite des cas, rendant necessaire le developpement de therapeutiques alternatives ciblant specifiquement l’eosinophile.
- Published
- 2018
45. Réaction cutanée bulleuse chez un enfant après greffe hématopoïétique : GVH aiguë cutanée ou nécrolyse épidermique toxique ?
- Author
-
C. Bernier, E. Cassagnau, F. Rialland, H. Aubert, and D. Sellah
- Subjects
Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Introduction La maladie du greffon contre l’hote (GVH) apres greffe hematopoietique apparait chez 35 a 50 % des patients. Nous rapportons ici le cas d’un garcon de 4 ans avec une reaction cutanee severe simulant une necrolyse epidermique toxique (NET) ( Fig. 1 ). Resultats Allogreffe pour une leucemie aigue lymphoblastique, il a en traitements preventifs : aciclovir, fluconazole et ciclosporine. Puis en aplasie febrile : il recoit tazocilline, vancomycine et cefazoline. A J12 de la greffe, il a une eruption maculeuse qui s’etend ensuite avec un signe de Nikolsky, une atteinte genitale, des ulcerations endobuccales sans cheilite ni conjonctivite. Les diagnostics evoques sont une NET, une dermatose a IgA lineaire a la vancomycine ou une GVH aigue cutanee. Les medicaments suspects sont arretes. La biopsie cutanee retrouve un decollement epidermique complet, des lesions lichenoides et des corps de necrose posant le diagnostic de GVH aigue bulleuse de grade IV. Celle-ci est traitee par une corticotherapie IV forte dose, de la ciclosporine puis du mycophenolate mofetil associe a un inhibiteur de Jak (ruxolitinib). A J37, le tableau se complete par une GVH digestive de grade IV confortant le diagnostic de GVH cutanee. Discussion La GVH aigue apparait dans les 100 premiers jours. Les signes cutanes sont polymorphes (de l’exantheme a la NET). La GVH mimant une NET est rare (2 %) et grave (50 % de mortalite). Dans la litterature, ces pathologies ont des similitudes histologiques (infiltration de CD8 + , necrose keratinocytaire, decollement epidermique). Pourtant des differences existent : dans la GVH, moins de spongiose et d’eosinophiles et cliniquement, des lesions muqueuses moins severes. Conclusion Ce cas illustre une GVH aigue grave dont l’aspect clinique doit etre connu et differencie d’une NET afin d’adapter rapidement le traitement.
- Published
- 2019
46. Éruption aiguë du visage chez l’enfant : ne vous plantez pas !
- Author
-
P.-M. Rousseau, B. Claire, Sébastien Barbarot, F. Cécile, and H. Aubert
- Subjects
Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Introduction Les phytodermatoses sont des entites connues pour lesquelles on ne retrouve pas toujours l’agent causal. Il s’agit d’une phytophotodermatose lorsque l’exposition solaire est indispensable au developpement des lesions cutanees. Nous rapportons 2 cas pediatriques de phytodermatose. Methodes Le premier cas est celui d’un nourrisson de 6 mois, presentant un erytheme peribuccal associe a des phlyctenes et des erosions post bulleuses. L’interrogatoire retrouvait l’ingestion d’une puree de panais cuit lors d’un pique-nique ensoleille 24 h auparavant. Le deuxieme cas est celui d’une enfant de 5 ans consultant pour une eruption diffuse erythemateuse et pustulobulleuse du visage. L’interrogatoire retrouvait l’application directement sur le visage d’eau de pluie stagnant sur les feuilles d’une euphorbe maritime, la veille. Dans les 2 cas, l’evolution etait favorable sous dermocorticoides et soins locaux ( Fig. 1 ). Discussion Nous rapportons un cas de phytophotodermatose au panais chez un enfant avec un type de contact remarquable : l’application du panais cuit sur la peau. Le panais contient de la furocoumarine, agent photosensibilisant qui, associe a une exposition solaire prolongee est a l’origine de lesions phototoxiques potentiellement severes. L’euphorbe, espece vivace de la famille des euphorbiaces, est ici toxique via l’eau stagnante appliquee directement sur la peau. Toute la plante renferme un latex blanc et caustique contenant une resine et des ester diterpeniques. Conclusion Une eruption erythemato bulleuse, localisee sur les zones photo-exposees chez l’enfant, doit faire rechercher un contact avec un agent photosensibilisant vegetal (celeris, citron, figue, panais) mais egalement avec certaines plantes possedant des proprietes irritantes, independamment de l’exposition solaire, comme les euphorbes.
- Published
- 2019
47. Clustering flood events from water quality time series using Latent Dirichlet Allocation model
- Author
-
Rémi Emonet, Jean-Marc Odobez, Rene Quiniou, A. de Lavenne, Romain Tavenard, Alice H. Aubert, Chantal Gascuel-Odoux, Philippe Merot, Simon Malinowski, and Thomas Guyet
- Subjects
Multivariate statistics ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Flood myth ,0207 environmental engineering ,Statistical model ,Context (language use) ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Latent Dirichlet allocation ,6. Clean water ,symbols.namesake ,13. Climate action ,Statistics ,Principal component analysis ,symbols ,Data mining ,Time series ,020701 environmental engineering ,Cluster analysis ,computer ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
To improve hydro-chemical modeling and forecasting, there is a need to better understand flood-induced variability in water chemistry and the processes controlling it in watersheds. In the literature, assumptions are often made, for instance, that stream chemistry reacts differently to rainfall events depending on the season; however, methods to verify such assumptions are not well developed. Often, few floods are studied at a time and chemicals are used as tracers. Grouping similar events from large multivariate datasets using principal component analysis and clustering methods helps to explain hydrological processes; however, these methods currently have some limits (definition of flood descriptors, linear assumption, for instance). Most clustering methods have been used in the context of regionalization, focusing more on mapping results than on understanding processes. In this study, we extracted flood patterns using the probabilistic Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model, its first use in hydrology, to our knowledge. The LDA method allows multivariate temporal datasets to be considered without having to define explanatory factors beforehand or select representative floods. We analyzed a multivariate dataset from a long-term observatory (Kervidy-Naizin, western France) containing data for four solutes monitored daily for 12 years: nitrate, chloride, dissolved organic carbon, and sulfate. The LDA method extracted four different patterns that were distributed by season. Each pattern can be explained by seasonal hydrological processes. Hydro-meteorological parameters help explain the processes leading to these patterns, which increases understanding of flood-induced variability in water quality. Thus, the LDA method appears useful for analyzing long-term datasets.
- Published
- 2013
48. Sensors in the Stream:The High-Frequency Wave of the Present
- Author
-
Robert T. Hensley, Andrew J. Wade, S. J. Halliday, Joachim Rozemeijer, Karsten Rinke, George B. Arhonditsis, Phil Jordan, Seifeddine Jomaa, Michael J. Bowes, Alice H. Aubert, Richard Skeffington, Michael Rode, James W. Kirchner, Brian Kronvang, and Matthew J. Cohen
- Subjects
Watershed ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Emerging technologies ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,NITRATE DYNAMICS ,TIME-SERIES ,02 engineering and technology ,STREAMS ,CATCHMENT-SCALE ,WATER-QUALITY DATA ,01 natural sciences ,Ecology and Environment ,Rivers ,Water Quality ,Evapotranspiration ,Streamflow ,Dissolved organic carbon ,PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT ,Environmental Chemistry ,SPRING-FED RIVER ,Turbidity ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Remote sensing ,Hydrology ,IN-SITU ,Temperature ,General Chemistry ,020801 environmental engineering ,ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM ,Chemistry ,Biology and Microbiology ,ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATORIES ,Water quality ,HIGH-RESOLUTION - Abstract
New scientific understanding is catalyzed by novel technologies that enhance measurement precision, resolution or type, and that provide new tools to test and develop theory. Over the last 50, years, technology has transformed the hydrologic sciences by enabling direct measurements of watershed fluxes (evapotranspiration, stream flow) at time scales and spatial extents aligned with variation in physical drivers. High frequency water quality measurements, increasingly obtained by in situ water quality sensors, are extending that transformation. Widely available sensors for some physical (temperature) and chemical (conductivity, dissolved oxygen) attributes have become integral to aquatic science, and emerging sensors for nutrients, dissolved CO, turbidity, algal pigments, and dissolved organic matter are now enabling observations of watersheds and streams at time scales, commensurate with their fundamental hydrological, energetic, elemental, and biological drivers. Here we synthesize insights from emerging technologies across a suite of applications, and envision future advances, enabled by sensors, in our ability to understand, predict, and restore watershed and stream systems.
- Published
- 2016
49. Lettres de Jeanne d'Albret
- Author
-
de la Rüe, H. Aubert
- Published
- 1926
50. Lettres de Jeanne d'Albret (Suite)
- Author
-
de la Rue, H. Aubert
- Published
- 1927
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